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Gan Y, Sun J, Guo P, Jiang H, Li J, Zhu H, Fan X, Huang L, Wang Y. Advances in the research of carbon electrodes for perovskite solar cells. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16558-16577. [PMID: 37831439 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03136e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were first proposed in 2009. They have the advantages of low cost, a simple manufacturing process and excellent photoelectric performance. PSC electrodes are mainly made from precious metals such as gold and silver. Still, the cost of precious metals is high and they react with the other components of the PSCs, resulting in the poor stability of the photovoltaic device. Using carbon as an electrode material can both reduce the cost and significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic device. However, the poor interface contact between the carbon electrode and perovskite and carbon electrode resistance results in poor photovoltaic device photoelectric performance. Finding a way to successfully utilize carbon as an alternative electrode material is a key step toward moving PSCs from the laboratory to industrialization. This paper reviews the application of carbon black, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and composite carbon electrode in PSCs, focusing on progress in the research of doping, structure, interface modification and the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqiang Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Pingchun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Hedong Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Jiake Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Hua Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China
| | - Xueyun Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Liqun Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jiangxi 333403, China.
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Kim CH, Ryu C, Ro YH, O SI, Yu CJ. First-principles study of mercaptoundecanoic acid molecule adsorption and gas molecule penetration onto silver surface: an insight for corrosion protection. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31224-31233. [PMID: 37886019 PMCID: PMC10598515 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) molecule has attracted attention as a promising passivation agent of Ag nanowire (NW) network electrode for corrosion inhibition, but the underneath mechanism has not been elaborated. In this work, we investigate adsorption of MUA molecule on Ag(1 0 0) and Ag(1 1 1) surface, adsorption of air gas molecules of H2O, H2S and O2 on MUA molecular end surface, and their penetrations into the Ag surface using the first-principles calculations. Our calculations reveal that the MUA molecule is strongly bound to the Ag surface with the binding energies ranging from -0.47 to -2.06 eV and the Ag-S bond lengths of 2.68-2.97 Å by Lewis acid-base reaction. Furthermore, we find attractive interactions between the gas molecules and the MUA@Ag complexes upon their adsorptions and calculate activation barriers for their migrations from the outermost end of the complexes to the top of Ag surface. It is found that the penetrations of H2O and H2S are more difficult than the O2 penetration due to their higher activation barriers, while the O2 penetration is still difficult, confirming the corrosion protection of Ag NW network by adsorbing the uniform monolayer of MUA. With these findings, this work can contribute to finding a better passivation agent in the strategy of corrosion protection of Ag NW network electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hyok Kim
- Institute of Electronic Materials, High-Tech and Development Centre, Kim Il Sung University PO Box 76 Pyongyang Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Ryu
- Computational Materials Design (CMD), Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University PO Box 76 Pyongyang Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hak Ro
- Institute of Electronic Materials, High-Tech and Development Centre, Kim Il Sung University PO Box 76 Pyongyang Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Il O
- Physics Department, O Jung Hub Chongjin University of Education Chongjin Hamgyong North Province Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Yu
- Computational Materials Design (CMD), Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University PO Box 76 Pyongyang Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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Hong Z, Quan H, Ke C, Ouyang Z, Cheng B. Controllably modulated asymmetrical photoresponse with a nonvolatile memory effect in a single CH 3NH 3PbI 3 micro/nanowire for photorectifiers and photomemory. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13359-13370. [PMID: 37527151 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01921g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites exhibit remarkable photodetection performance due to their abundant surface states and high responsivity to visible light. However, in traditional photodetectors with a symmetrical configuration of two-terminal electrodes, the photoresponse is independent of bias polarity. Moreover, for self-powered photodetectors, an asymmetric structure of the chemical composition, such as p-n and Schottky junctions, and two different electrodes are necessary. Herein, we demonstrate a modulable asymmetrical photoresponse by packing only one electrode end in a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire with two symmetrical Ag electrodes. This not only enables the high performance of light- and bias-modulated multifunctional photorectifiers and self-powered photodetectors, but also allows controllable implementation of nonvolatile photomemory with a tunable spectral responsivity and range. At an unpacked electrode interface, trace moisture in the environment promotes a good bonding of Ag+ and I-, substantially decreasing the interface barrier. Conversely, at a packed electrode interface, abundant surface states can be well preserved, leading to a high interface barrier. Notably, under a large voltage and strong light, the redox of Ag/AgI at the unpacked electrode interface and the injection and ejection of holes at the packed electrode interface can be reversibly conducted by inverting the voltage polarity, enabling a controllable nonvolatile modulation. Therefore, by clarifying the actual origin of the photoelectrical response of CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowires at electrode interfaces, high-performance multifunctional photorectifiers and self-powered photodetectors based on asymmetrical interface photovoltaic effects with two symmetrical electrodes can be controllably realized. Furthermore, by precise cooperative modulation of two electrode interface states with a large voltage and strong illumination, nonvolatile photomemory with a tunable spectral responsivity and range can be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi 330063, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Quan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Jiangxi 330063, P. R. China
| | - Changying Ke
- School of Environment and Energy, Jiangxi Modern Polytechnic College, Jiang Xi 330095, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Ouyang
- Nanoscale Science and Technology Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Baochang Cheng
- Nanoscale Science and Technology Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China
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Cheng L, Xu B, Zeng Y, Meng L. Intrinsic defects at the interface of the FAPbI 3/MAPbI 3 superlattice: insight from first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6369-6379. [PMID: 36779360 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05114a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of a superlattice structure is an effective strategy to develop novel perovskites and obtain excellent light-absorbing materials. Based on first-principles calculations, we systematically studied the properties of intrinsic point defects at the interface of the FAPbI3/MAPbI3 superlattice. Our calculations show that charged defects are easier to form as compared to neutral ones at the superlattice interface due to low formation energies. Most defects with low formation energies have a shallow level in the band gap, and some deep level defects have high formation energies, so the superlattice perovskite exhibits high defect tolerance. PbI3+ is a dominant and detrimental defect, which acts as a non-radiative recombination center because it has low formation energy and a deep transition level. To avoid the generation of PbI3+ defects, it is suggested to synthesize FAPbI3/MAPbI3 superlattices under I-rich conditions. The calculated light absorption coefficients and photovoltaic performance parameters demonstrate that the presence of defects leads to a certain degree of reduction in light absorption and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells made of FAPbI3/MAPbI3 superlattices, but the excellent performance of the perovskite solar cell (PSC) is basically retained. The superlattice perovskites are still promising candidates for light-absorbing materials of PSCs. This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the properties of defects at the superlattice interface and provide theoretical support for the design of high performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Cheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China. .,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai, 054001, P. R. China
| | - Baoen Xu
- Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province for Heterocyclic Compound, College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China.
| | - Lingpeng Meng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China.
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Rahmani N, Shabani A, Adam J. A theoretical study of new polar and magnetic double perovskites for photovoltaic applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34503-34511. [PMID: 36545619 PMCID: PMC9710499 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06478b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Searching for novel functional materials has attracted significant interest for the breakthrough in photovoltaics to tackle the prevalent energy crisis. Through density functional theory calculations, we evaluate the structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of new double perovskites Sn2MnTaO6 and Sn2FeTaO6 for potential photovoltaic applications. Our structural optimizations reveal a non-centrosymmetric distorted triclinic structure for the compounds. Using total energy calculations, antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic orderings are predicted as the magnetic ground states for Sn2MnTaO6 and Sn2FeTaO6, respectively. The empty d orbitals of Ta5+-3d0 and partially filled d orbitals of Mn/Fe are the origins of ferroelectricity and magnetism in these double perovskites resulting in the potential multiferroicity. The studied double perovskites have semiconducting nature and possess narrow band gaps of approximately 1 eV. The absorption coefficient (α) calculations showed that the value of α in the visible region is in the order of 105 cm-1. The structural stability, suitable band gap, and high absorption coefficient values of proposed compounds suggest they could be good candidates for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rahmani
- Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of CopenhagenJagtvej 160København Ø 2100Denmark,Computational Materials Group, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55Odense 5230Denmark
| | - Alireza Shabani
- Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Photonic Nanotechnology, NanoPhoton – Center for Nanophotonics, DTUØrsteds Plads, 345A, 276Kgs. Lyngby 2800Denmark,Computational Materials Group, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55Odense 5230Denmark
| | - Jost Adam
- Computational Materials Group, SDU Centre for Photonics Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55Odense 5230Denmark
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Kim SA, Jong YC, Kang MS, Yu CJ. Antioxidation activity of molecular hydrogen via protoheme catalysis in vivo: an insight from ab initio calculations. J Mol Model 2022; 28:287. [PMID: 36057001 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, molecular hydrogen has been found to exhibit antioxidation activity through many clinical experiments, but the mechanism has not been fully understandable at atomic level. In this work, we perform systematic ab initio calculations of protoheme-hydrogen complexes to clarify the antioxidation mechanism of molecular hydrogen. We make molecular modeling of iron-protoporphyrin coordinated by imidazole, FeP(Im), and its hydrogen as well as dihydrogen complexes, together with reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS). We carry out structural optimization and Mulliken charge analysis, revealing the two kinds of bonding characteristics between FeP(Im) and H[Formula: see text]: dihydrogen bonding in the end-on asymmetric configuration and Kubas bonding in the side-on symmetric configuration of H[Formula: see text] molecule. The activation barriers for adsorption and dissociation of H[Formula: see text] on and further desorption of H atom from FeP(Im) are found to be below 2.78 eV at most, which is remarkably lower than the H-H bond breaking energy of 4.64 eV in free H[Formula: see text] molecule. We find that the hydrogen bond dissociation energies of FeP(Im)-H[Formula: see text] and -H complexes are lower than those of RONS-H complexes, indicating the decisive role of protoheme as an effective catalyst in RONS antioxidation by molecular hydrogen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Ae Kim
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, PO Box 76, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chol Jong
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, PO Box 76, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Su Kang
- Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, PO Box 76, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Yu
- Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, PO Box 76, Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
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Zhang W, Li QS, Li ZS. Atomistic Mechanism of Surface-Defect Passivation: Toward Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6686-6693. [PMID: 35848543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular engineering has been demonstrated to be a predominant strategy for augmenting the long-term stability and passivating adverse defects for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, using density functional theory calculations combined with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, the passivation effects of bidentate passivation molecules, 2-MP and 2-MDEP, on the iodine vacancy MAPbI3 were comprehensively investigated. We demonstrate that 2-MDEP engenders stronger adsorption and localized charges on Pb atoms because the separated binding sites match with the MAPbI3 lattice. Moreover, the activation barriers for ion migrations are improved by the passivation of 2-MP and 2-MDEP. Furthermore, AIMD simulations verify the improved structural stability and restrained nonradiative recombination after passivation. More importantly, the durable Pb-heteroatom interactions at the interface and stronger hydrophobicity endow 2-MDEP with more remarkable shielding effects against moisture compared to those of 2-MP. This work deepens our understanding of the passivation effects and paves the way for the design of passivation molecules toward the attainment of efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Quan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
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Ri CH, Han HU, Kim YS, Jong UG, Kye YH, Yu CJ. Enhancing the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of the CsPbI 3/MoS 2 Heterostructure with Interfacial Defect Engineering. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4007-4014. [PMID: 35485717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient photocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by solar-driven water splitting is a great challenge. Here, we study the atomistic origin of interface properties and the HER performance of all-inorganic iodide perovskite β-CsPbI3/2H-MoS2 heterostructures with interfacial vacancy defects using first-principles calculations. Both CsI/MoS2 and PbI2/MoS2 heterostructures have strong binding and dipole moment, which are enhanced by interfacial iodine vacancies (VI). Because of the nature of type II heterojunctions, photogenerated electrons on the CsPbI3 side are promptly transferred to the MoS2 side where HER occurs, and sulfur vacancies (VS) spoil this process, acting as surface traps. The formation energies of various defects are calculated by applying atomistic thermodynamics, identifying the growth conditions for promoting VI and suppressing VS formation. The HER performance is enhanced by forming interfaces with lower ΔGH values for hydrogen adsorption on the MoS2 side, suggesting PbI2/MoS2 with VI to be the most promising photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chol-Hyok Ri
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-U Han
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sim Kim
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Gi Jong
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyok Kye
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Yu
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, P.O. Box 76, 497335 Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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Hao M, Tan D, Chi W, Li ZS. A π-extended triphenylamine based dopant-free hole-transporting material for perovskite solar cells via heteroatom substitution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:4635-4643. [PMID: 35133365 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The triphenylamine (TPA) group is an important molecular fragment that has been widely used to design efficient hole-transporting materials (HTMs). However, the applicability of triphenylamine derived HTMs that exhibit low hole mobility and conductivity in commercial perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been limited. To aid in the development of highly desirable TPA-based HTMs, we utilized a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and Marcus electron transfer theory to investigate the effect of heteroatoms, including boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, germanium, arsenic, and selenium atoms, on the energy levels, optical properties, hole mobility, and interfacial charge transfer behaviors of a series of HTMs. Our computational results revealed that compared with the commonly referenced OMeTPA-TPA molecule, most heteroatoms lead to deeper energy levels. Furthermore, these heteroatom-based HTMs exhibit improved hole mobility due to their more rigid molecular structures. More significantly, these heteroatoms also enhance the interface interaction in perovskite/HTM systems, resulting in a larger internal electric field. Our work represents a new approach that aids in the understanding and designing of more efficient and better performing HTMs, which we hope can be used as a platform to propel the developmental commercialization of these highly desirable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Davin Tan
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore
| | - Weijie Chi
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Ze-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Kim YS, Ri CH, Ko UH, Kye YH, Jong UG, Yu CJ. Interfacial Enhancement of Photovoltaic Performance in MAPbI 3/CsPbI 3 Superlattice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14679-14687. [PMID: 33726490 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have continued to fascinate over the past decade due to fast increasing power conversion efficiency and very low fabrication cost but still suffered from poor stability. Interface engineering is evolved to be one of the most promising solutions to the instability problem. In this work, we perform a first-principles study on the MAPbI3/CsPbI3 interface system, aiming at clarifying the underlying mechanism of interfacial enhancement of solar cell performance. We devise the atomistic modeling of superlattices as increasing the number of included unit cells and carry out structural optimizations, revealing that the binding strength between the perovskite layers becomes stronger while the band gap decreases as the supercell size increases. Using enough large supercells of the interface system, we further estimate the formation energies of the interfacial vacancy defects and activation barriers for vacancy-mediated I atom migrations. Our calculations show the shallow transition states for most of the defects and the higher activation barriers for I atom migrations across the interface, providing an evidence of performance enhancement by the interface formation. By giving an insightful understanding of the MAPbI3/CsPbI3 heterojunction, this work definitely contributes to the design of interface systems for high-performance solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sim Kim
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Hyok Ri
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Hyok Ko
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyok Kye
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Gi Jong
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Yu
- Chair of Computational Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science, Kim Il Sung University, P.O. Box 76, Ryongnam-Dong, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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Hao M, Chi W, Li Z. Boron-nitrogen substituted planar cores: designing dopant-free hole-transporting materials for efficient perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4241-4248. [PMID: 33595005 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00030f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing dopant-free hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is very important for improving the stability and increasing the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, nine boron-nitrogen substituted tetrathienonaphthalene (BN-TTN) derivatives as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) were investigated using theoretical calculations combined with the Marcus theory and the Einstein relation. The results showed that the introduction of a boron-nitrogen group in tetrathienonaphthalene leads to a deep HOMO level, good thermal stability, and enhanced hydrophobicity. Importantly, most BN-TTN molecules possess larger hole mobility due to a broader distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals of the dimer. The BN-TTN core that matches with the size of the perovskite interface also increases the interfacial interaction and hole transfer from the perovskite layer to the HTM layer. The present findings can highlight the potential of BN-TTN core-based HTMs for efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Weijie Chi
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore.
| | - Zesheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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An inherent instability study using ab initio computational methods and experimental validation of Pb(SCN) 2 based perovskites for solar cell applications. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15241. [PMID: 32943649 PMCID: PMC7498586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite materials with ABX3 chemistries are promising candidates for photovoltaic applications, owing to their suitable optoelectronic properties. However, they are highly hydrophilic and unstable in nature, limiting the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. Mixed halide ion-doped perovskites are reported to be more stable compared to simple ABX3 chemistries. This paper describes ab initio modeling, synthesis, and characterization of thiocyanate doped lead iodide CH3NH3PbI(3-x)(SCN)x perovskites. Several perovskite chemistries with an increasing concentration of (SCN)- at x = 0, 0.25, 0.49, 1.0, 1.45 were evaluated. Subsequently, 'n-i-p' and 'p-i-n' perovskite solar device architectures, corresponding to x = 0, 0.25, 0.49, 1.0 thiocyanate doped lead halide perovskite chemistry were fabricated. The study shows that among all the devices fabricated for different compositions of perovskites, p-i-n perovskite solar cell fabricated using CH3NH3PbI(3-x)(SCN)x perovskite at x = 1.0 exhibited the highest stability and device efficiency was retained until 450 h. Finally, a solar panel was fabricated and its stability was monitored.
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