1
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Deb M, Lu CJ, Zan HW. Achieving Room-Temperature ppb-Level H 2S Detection in a Au-SnO 2 Sensor with Low Voltage Enhancement Effect. ACS Sens 2024; 9:4568-4577. [PMID: 38754006 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Although semiconductor metal oxide-based sensors are promising for gas sensing, low-power and room temperature operation (24 ± 1 °C) remains desirable for practical applications particularly considering the request of energy saving or net zero emission. In this study, we demonstrate a Au/SnO2-based ultrasensitive H2S gas sensor with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2 ppb, operating at very low voltages (0.05 to 0.5 V) at room temperature. The Au/SnO2-based sensor showed approximately 7 times higher response (the ratio of change in the current to initial current) of ∼270% and 4 times faster recovery (126 s) compared to the pure SnO2-based sensor when exposed to 500 ppb H2S gas concentration at 0.5 V operating voltage at relative humidity (RH) 17.5 ± 2.5%. The enhancement can be attributed to the catalytic characteristics of AuNPs, increasing the number of adsorbed oxygen species on sensing material surfaces. Additionally, AuNPs aid in forming flower-petal-like Au/SnO2 nanostructures, offering a larger surface area and more active sites for H2S sensing. Moreover, at low voltage (<1 V), the localized dipoles at the Au/SnO2 interface may further enhance the absorption of polar oxygen molecules and hence promote the reaction between H2S and oxygen species. This low-power, ultrasensitive H2S sensor outperforms high-powered alternatives, making it ideal for environmental, food safety, and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Deb
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Rd, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Rd, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Heping East Rd., Section 1, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Zan
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Rd, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Rd, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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2
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Han J, Gu G, Gao Y, Yu N, Zhou W, Wang Y, Kong D, Gao Y, Lu G. Prototype Alarm Integrating Pulse-Driven Nitrogen Dioxide Sensor Based on Holey Graphene Oxide/In 2O 3. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 39298457 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
NO2 seriously threatens human health and the ecological environment. However, the fabrication of highly sensitive NO2 sensors with rapid response/recovery rates, low detection limits, and ease of integration remains a challenge. Herein, benefiting from the fast carrier transfer and rich active sites, holey graphene oxide (HGO) was adopted to functionalize the In2O3 nanosheet to construct NO2 gas sensors. Characterization and theoretical calculations established the merits of HGO decoration in the NO2 sensing. The optimal sample, 0.5 wt % HGO/In2O3-sheet, exhibited superior sensing properties, resulting in a 1.37-fold improvement in response to 1 ppm of NO2 compared to the GO/In2O3 counterpart. Gas-sensing kinetics analysis revealed its lower activation energy and higher kinetic rate constants. Importantly, pulsed-temperature modulation was employed to decouple the gas adsorption from surface activation processes, achieving an ultrahigh response of 2776 to 1 ppm of NO2 for the 0.5 wt % HGO/In2O3-sheet sensor. Compared to the isothermal mode, this strategy enhanced the response value by 1.6 times, reduced the response/recovery time by 33%/70%, and enabled the detection of NO2 concentrations as low as 1 ppb. Finally, an NO2 monitoring alarm system based on the 0.5 wt % HGO/In2O3-sheet sensor with pulsed-temperature modulation was demonstrated for hazard warnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Han
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Guoxuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Ning Yu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Weirong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Dehao Kong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Yubing Gao
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Gas Sensors, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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3
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Yan W, Liu Y, Bai Y, Chen Y, Zhou H, Ahmad W. Intelligent MEMS Sensor Based on an Oxidized Medium-Entropy Alloy (FeCoNi) for H 2 and CO Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:49474-49483. [PMID: 39231248 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of an intelligent MEMS sensor employing the oxidized medium-entropy alloy (O-MEA) of FeCoNi as the gas-sensing material. Due to the specific catalytic exothermic reaction of the O-MEA on H2/CO, the sensor shows great selectivity for H2 and CO at 150 °C of the integrated microheater in the MEMS device, with the theoretical detection limit of 0.3 ppm for H2 and 0.29 ppm for CO. The MEMS heater, capable of instantaneous temperature changes in pulse operation mode, offers a novel approach for thermal modulation of the sensor, which is crucial for the adsorption and reaction of H2/CO molecules on the sensing layer surface. Consequently, we investigate the gas-sensing capabilities of the sensor under pulse heating modes (PHMs) of the MEMS heater and then propose the gas-sensing mechanism. The results indicate that PHMs significantly not only reduce the operating temperature and power consumption but also enhance the sensor's functionality by providing multivariable response signals, paving the way for intelligent gas detection. Based on the high selectivity to H2 and CO, transforming the transient sensing curves into two-dimensional images via Gramian Angular Field (GAF) model and subsequent modeling using a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm, we have realized efficient and intelligent recognition of H2 and CO. This work provides insight for the development of low-power, high-performance MEMS gas sensors and further intelligence of individual MEMS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Faculty of Information, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Faculty of Information, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Industrialization Center of Micro & Nano ICs and Devices, Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Houpan Zhou
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jinhua Boulevard, Quzhou 324000, China
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4
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Wang W, Huang T, Cao Z, Zhu X, Sun Y, Dong F. Surface Defect-Induced Specific Catalysis Activates 100% Selective Sensing toward Amine Gases at Room Temperature. ACS NANO 2024; 18:23205-23216. [PMID: 39146530 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Achieving selective sensing toward target volatile organic compound gases is of vital importance in the fields of air quality assessment, food freshness evaluation, and diagnosis of patients via exhaled breath. However, chemiresistive sensors that exhibit specificity like biological enzymes in a complex environment are rare. Herein, we developed a strategy of optimizing oxygen vacancy structures in tin oxides to induce specific catalysis, activating 100% selective sensing toward amine gases at room temperature. In situ technologies and theoretical calculations reveal that the "donor-receptor" coordination between nitrogen atoms from amine molecules and bridging oxygen vacancies (OVBri)-induced electron-deficient center is the essence of specific catalysis and provides the bridge from the surface oxidation reaction to electrophysical characteristics evolution, which allows the sensor to exhibit amine-specific sensing behavior, even in gas mixtures. Moreover, OVBri enhances the selectivity by enabling a room-temperature sensing pathway where lattice oxygens participate in catalytic oxidation for amine molecules, resulting in record-high sensing values: 19,938.92 toward 100 ppm of triethylamine, 15,236.78 toward trimethylamine, and 123.41 toward diethylamine. Our findings illustrate the feasibility of designing specific active sites through defect engineering and can contribute to the advancement of highly selective sensors based on catalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Taobo Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhengmao Cao
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanjuan Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313000, P. R. China
| | - Fan Dong
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313000, P. R. China
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5
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Kim T, Kim Y, Cho W, Kwak JH, Cho J, Pyeon Y, Kim JJ, Shin H. Ultralow-Power Single-Sensor-Based E-Nose System Powered by Duty Cycling and Deep Learning for Real-Time Gas Identification. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3557-3572. [PMID: 38857120 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a novel, ultralow-power single-sensor-based electronic nose (e-nose) system for real-time gas identification, distinguishing itself from conventional sensor-array-based e-nose systems, whose power consumption and cost increase with the number of sensors. Our system employs a single metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor built on a suspended 1D nanoheater, driven by duty cycling─characterized by repeated pulsed power inputs. The sensor's ultrafast thermal response, enabled by its small size, effectively decouples the effects of temperature and surface charge exchange on the MOS nanomaterial's conductivity. This provides distinct sensing signals that alternate between responses coupled with and decoupled from the thermally enhanced conductivity, all within a single time domain during duty cycling. The magnitude and ratio of these dual responses vary depending on the gas type and concentration, facilitating the early stage gas identification of five gas types within 30 s via a convolutional neural network (classification accuracy = 93.9%, concentration regression error = 19.8%). Additionally, the duty-cycling mode significantly reduces power consumption by up to 90%, lowering it to 160 μW to heat the sensor to 250 °C. Manufactured using only wafer-level batch microfabrication processes, this innovative e-nose system promises the facile implementation of battery-driven, long-term, and cost-effective IoT monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggi Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Wootaek Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Kwak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Cho
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjang Pyeon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Joon Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungjoo Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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6
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Zhang W, Chen X, Chen Y, Li HY, Liu H. Construction of semiconductor nanocomposites for room-temperature gas sensors. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12883-12908. [PMID: 38919996 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00441h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Gas sensors are essential for ensuring public safety and improving quality of life. Room-temperature gas sensors are notable for their potential economic benefits and low energy consumption, and their expected integration with wearable electronics, making them a focal point of contemporary research. Advances in nanomaterials and low-dimensional semiconductors have significantly contributed to the enhancement of room-temperature gas sensors. These advancements have focused on improving sensitivity, selectivity, and response/recovery times, with nanocomposites offering distinct advantages. The discussion here focuses on the use of semiconductor nanocomposites for gas sensing at room temperature, and provides a review of the latest synthesis techniques for these materials. This involves the precise adjustment of chemical compositions, microstructures, and morphologies. In addition, the design principles and potential functional mechanisms are examined. This is crucial for deepening the understanding and enhancing the operational capabilities of sensors. We also highlight the challenges faced in scaling up the production of nanocomposite materials. Looking ahead, semiconductor nanocomposites are expected to drive innovation in gas sensor technology due to their carefully crafted design and construction, paving the way for their extensive use in various sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyi Chen
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Yuexi Chen
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.
| | - Hua-Yao Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Application, Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute of HUST, 1085 Meiquan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.
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7
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Chen X, Zeng M, Wang T, Ni W, Yang J, Hu N, Zhang T, Yang Z. In Situ Growth of COF/PVA-Carrageenan Hydrogel Using the Impregnation Method for the Purpose of Highly Sensitive Ammonia Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4324. [PMID: 39001103 PMCID: PMC11244185 DOI: 10.3390/s24134324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Flexible ammonia (NH3) gas sensors have gained increasing attention for their potential in medical diagnostics and health monitoring, as they serve as a biomarker for kidney disease. Utilizing the pre-designable and porous properties of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is an innovative way to address the demand for high-performance NH3 sensing. However, COF particles frequently encounter aggregation, low conductivity, and mechanical rigidity, reducing the effectiveness of portable NH3 detection. To overcome these challenges, we propose a practical approach using polyvinyl alcohol-carrageenan (κPVA) as a template for in the situ growth of two-dimensional COF film and particles to produce a flexible hydrogel gas sensor (COF/κPVA). The synergistic effect of COF and κPVA enhances the gas sensing, water retention, and mechanical properties. The COF/κPVA hydrogel shows a 54.4% response to 1 ppm NH3 with a root mean square error of less than 5% and full recovery compared to the low response and no recovery of bare κPVA. Owing to the dual effects of the COF film and the particles anchoring the water molecules, the COF/κPVA hydrogel remained stable after 70 h in atmospheric conditions, in contrast, the bare κPVA hydrogel was completely dehydrated. Our work might pave the way for highly sensitive hydrogel gas sensors, which have intriguing applications in flexible electronic devices for gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wangze Ni
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nantao Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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8
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Pan Y, Zhang J, Guo X, Li Y, Li L, Pan L. Recent Advances in Conductive Polymers-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Biomedical and Environmental Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1597. [PMID: 38891543 PMCID: PMC11174834 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors play a pivotal role in various fields, such as biomedicine and environmental detection, due to their exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, stability, rapid response time, user-friendly operation, and ease of miniaturization and integration. In addition to the research conducted in the application field, significant focus is placed on the selection and optimization of electrode interface materials for electrochemical sensors. The detection performance of these sensors can be significantly enhanced by modifying the interface of either inorganic metal electrodes or printed electrodes. Among numerous available modification materials, conductive polymers (CPs) possess not only excellent conductivity exhibited by inorganic conductors but also unique three-dimensional structural characteristics inherent to polymers. This distinctive combination allows CPs to increase active sites during the detection process while providing channels for rapid ion transmission and facilitating efficient electron transfer during reaction processes. This review article primarily highlights recent research progress concerning CPs as an ideal choice for modifying electrochemical sensors owing to their remarkable features that make them well-suited for biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youheng Pan
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yarou Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lijia Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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9
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Xie B, Liu Y, Lei Y, Qian H, Li Y, Yan W, Zhou C, Wen HM, Xia S, Mao P, Han M, Hu J. Innovative Thermocatalytic H 2 Sensor with Double-Sided Pd Nanocluster Films on an Ultrathin Mica Substrate. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2529-2539. [PMID: 38723609 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) is crucial in the future global energy landscape due to its eco-friendly properties, but its flammability requires precise monitoring. This study introduces an innovative thermocatalytic H2 sensor utilizing ultrathin mica sheets as substrates, coated on both sides with Pd nanocluster (NC) films. The ultrathin mica substrate ensures robustness and flexibility, enabling the sensor to withstand high temperatures and mechanical deformation. Additionally, it simplifies the fabrication process by eliminating the need for complex microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Constructed through cluster beam deposition, the sensor exhibits exceptional characteristics, including a wide concentration range (from 500 ppm to 4%), rapid response and recovery times (3.1 and 2.4 s for 1% H2), good selectivity, high stability, and repeatability. The operating temperature can be as low as 40 °C, achieving remarkably low power consumption. The study explores the impact of double-sided versus single-sided catalytic layers, revealing significantly higher sensitivity and response with the double-sided configuration due to the increased catalytic surface area. Additionally, the research investigates the relationship between the deposition amount of Pd NCs and the sensor's sensitivity, identifying an optimal value that maximizes performance without excessive use of Pd. The sensor's innovative design and excellent performance position it as a promising candidate for meeting the demands of a hydrogen-based energy economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yini Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yingshuang Lei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yingzhu Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Changjiang Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Min Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Xia
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
| | - Peng Mao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Min Han
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
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10
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Jo MS, Kim SH, Park SY, Choi KW, Kim SH, Yoo JY, Kim BJ, Yoon JB. Fast-Response and Low-Power Self-Heating Gas Sensor Using Metal/Metal Oxide/Metal (MMOM) Structured Nanowires. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1896-1905. [PMID: 38626402 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
With the escalating global awareness of air quality management, the need for continuous and reliable monitoring of toxic gases by using low-power operating systems has become increasingly important. One of which, semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors have received great attention due to their high/fast response and simple working mechanism. More specifically, self-heating metal oxide gas sensors, wherein direct thermal activation in the sensing material, have been sought for their low power-consuming characteristics. However, previous works have neglected to address the temperature distribution within the sensing material, resulting in inefficient gas response and prolonged response/recovery times, particularly due to the low-temperature regions. Here, we present a unique metal/metal oxide/metal (MMOM) nanowire architecture that conductively confines heat to the sensing material, achieving high uniformity in the temperature distribution. The proposed structure enables uniform thermal activation within the sensing material, allowing the sensor to efficiently react with the toxic gas. As a result, the proposed MMOM gas sensor showed significantly enhanced gas response (from 6.7 to 20.1% at 30 ppm), response time (from 195 to 17 s at 30 ppm), and limit of detection (∼1 ppm) when compared to those of conventional single-material structures upon exposure to carbon monoxide. Furthermore, the proposed work demonstrated low power consumption (2.36 mW) and high thermal durability (1500 on/off cycles), demonstrating its potential for practical applications in reliable and low-power operating gas sensor systems. These results propose a new paradigm for power-efficient and robust self-heating metal oxide gas sensors with potential implications for other fields requiring thermal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seung Jo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yoon Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Wook Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co., Ltd., 130 Samsungjeonja-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyenggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co., Ltd., 1, Samsungjeonja-ro, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Yoo
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Beom-Jun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Bo Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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11
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Zhao J, Wang H, Cai Y, Zhao J, Gao Z, Song YY. The Challenges and Opportunities for TiO 2 Nanostructures in Gas Sensing. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1644-1655. [PMID: 38503265 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Chemiresistive gas sensors based on metal oxides have been widely applied in industrial monitoring, medical diagnosis, environmental pollutant detection, and food safety. To further enhance the gas sensing performance, researchers have worked to modify the structure and function of the material so that it can adapt to different gas types and environmental conditions. Among the numerous gas-sensitive materials, n-type TiO2 semiconductors are a focus of attention for their high stability, excellent biosafety, controllable carrier concentration, and low manufacturing cost. This Perspective first introduces the sensing mechanism of TiO2 nanostructures and composite TiO2-based nanomaterials and then analyzes the relationship between their gas-sensitive properties and their structure and composition, focusing also on technical issues such as doping, heterojunctions, and functional applications. The applications and challenges of TiO2-based nanostructured gas sensors in food safety, medical diagnosis, environmental detection, and other fields are also summarized in detail. Finally, in the context of their practical application challenges, future development technologies and new sensing concepts are explored, providing new ideas and directions for the development of multifunctional intelligent gas sensors in various application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Haiquan Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yahui Cai
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Junjin Zhao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Zhida Gao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yan-Yan Song
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
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12
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Chen Z, Zhou B, Xiao M, Bhowmick T, Karthick Kannan P, Occhipinti LG, Gardner JW, Hasan T. Real-time, noise and drift resilient formaldehyde sensing at room temperature with aerogel filaments. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk6856. [PMID: 38335291 PMCID: PMC10857368 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen, is a common indoor air pollutant. However, its real-time and selective recognition from interfering gases remains challenging, especially for low-power sensors suffering from noise and baseline drift. We report a fully 3D-printed quantum dot/graphene-based aerogel sensor for highly sensitive and real-time recognition of formaldehyde at room temperature. By optimizing the morphology and doping of printed structures, we achieve a record-high and stable response of 15.23% for 1 part per million formaldehyde and an ultralow detection limit of 8.02 parts per billion consuming only ∼130-microwatt power. On the basis of measured dynamic response snapshots, we also develop intelligent computational algorithms for robust and accurate detection in real time despite simulated substantial noise and baseline drift, hitherto unachievable for room temperature sensors. Our framework in combining materials engineering, structural design, and computational algorithm to capture dynamic response offers unprecedented real-time identification capabilities of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Binghan Zhou
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Mingfei Xiao
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Tynee Bhowmick
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | | | - Luigi G. Occhipinti
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | | | - Tawfique Hasan
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave., Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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13
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Xu C, Solomon SA, Gao W. Artificial Intelligence-Powered Electronic Skin. NAT MACH INTELL 2023; 5:1344-1355. [PMID: 38370145 PMCID: PMC10868719 DOI: 10.1038/s42256-023-00760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced electronics is gradually changing medical practices by enabling continuous and noninvasive tracking of physiological and biochemical information. With the rise of big data and digital medicine, next-generation electronic skin (e-skin) will be able to use artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize its design as well as uncover user-personalized health profiles. Recent multimodal e-skin platforms have already employed machine learning (ML) algorithms for autonomous data analytics. Unfortunately, there is a lack of appropriate AI protocols and guidelines for e-skin devices, resulting in overly complex models and non-reproducible conclusions for simple applications. This review aims to present AI technologies in e-skin hardware and assess their potential for new inspired integrated platform solutions. We outline recent breakthroughs in AI strategies and their applications in engineering e-skins as well as understanding health information collected by e-skins, highlighting the transformative deployment of AI in robotics, prosthetics, virtual reality, and personalized healthcare. We also discuss the challenges and prospects of AI-powered e-skins as well as predictions for the future trajectory of smart e-skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Samuel A. Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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14
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Shen Z, Huang W, Li L, Li H, Huang J, Cheng J, Fu Y. Research Progress of Organic Field-Effect Transistor Based Chemical Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302406. [PMID: 37271887 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, chemical sensors have gained significant attention in various fields, including drug security, environmental testing, food safety, and biological medicine. Among them, organic field-effect transistor (OFET) based chemical sensors have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sensors, exhibiting several advantages such as multi-parameter detection, room temperature operation, miniaturization, flexibility, and portability. This review paper presents recent research progress on OFET-based chemical sensors, highlighting the enhancement of sensor performance, including sensitivity, selectivity, stability, etc. The main improvement programs are improving the internal and external structures of the device, as well as the organic semiconductor layer and dielectric structure. Finally, an outlook on the prospects and challenges of OFET-based chemical sensors is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Shen
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Li Li
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Huizi Li
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jiangong Cheng
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanyan Fu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Huang L, Lu D, Zeng W, Zhou Q. Pt-Doped HfS 2 Monolayer as a Novel Sensor and Scavenger for Dissolved Gases (H 2, CO 2, CH 4, and C 2H 2) in Transformer Oil: A Density Functional Theory Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12920-12930. [PMID: 37643474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Detecting the types and concentrations of dissolved gases in insulating oil by resistivity-type sensors is an extremely effective means for diagnosing faults in an oil-immersed transformer. However, further breakthroughs and innovations are needed in gas-sensitive materials for preparing high-performance resistivity-type sensors. In this investigation, the application possibility of using Pt-doped HfS2 (Pt-HfS2) as gas-sensitive materials for the detection of dissolved H2, CO2, CH4, and C2H2 in oil has been verified by analyzing the adsorption energy (Ead), differential charge density (DCD), density of states (DOS), frontier molecular orbital, and desorption time based on density functional theory (DFT). The outcomes suggest that the band gap of HfS2 is obviously narrowed after doping Pt at the position of the bridge between the S and Hf atoms, resulting in a significant increase in the conductivity of HfS2. The low adsorption energy implies that there is only weak physical adsorption between Pt-HfS2 and CO2 (-0.783 eV). In contrast, the highly hybridized atomic orbitals of Pt with H2, CH4, and C2H2 indicate that strong chemical adsorption reactions occur. Two-dimensional Pt-HfS2 as a gas sensor has a great monitoring performance for CH4 at 298 K (room temperature). This research serves as theoretical guidelines for probing the application potential of Pt-HfS2 in fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance of an oil-immersed transformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Detao Lu
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qu Zhou
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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16
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Chen K, Xie W, Deng Y, Han J, Zhu Y, Sun J, Yuan K, Wu L, Deng Y. Alkaloid Precipitant Reaction Inspired Controllable Synthesis of Mesoporous Tungsten Oxide Spheres for Biomarker Sensing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:15763-15775. [PMID: 37556610 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly porous sensitive materials with well-defined structures and morphologies are extremely desirable for developing high-performance chemiresistive gas sensors. Herein, inspired by the classical alkaloid precipitant reaction, a robust and reliable active mesoporous nitrogen polymer sphere-directed synthesis method was demonstrated for the controllable construction of heteroatom-doped mesoporous tungsten oxide spheres. In the typical synthesis, P-doped mesoporous WO3 monodisperse spheres with radially oriented channels (P-mWO3-R) were obtained with a diameter of ∼180 nm, high specific surface area, and crystalline skeleton. The in situ-introduced P atoms could effectively adjust the coordination environment of W atoms (Wδ+-Ov), giving rise to dramatically enhanced active surface-adsorbed oxygen species and unusual metastable ε-WO3 crystallites. The P-mWO3-R spheres were applied for the sensing of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (3H2B), a biomarker of foodborne pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (LM). The sensor exhibited high sensitivity (Ra/Rg = 29 to 3 ppm), fast response dynamics (26/7 s), outstanding selectivity, and good long-term stability. Furthermore, the device was integrated into a wireless sensing module to realize remote real-time and precise detection of LM in practical applications, making it possible to evaluate food quality using gas sensors conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenhe Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jingting Han
- Ministry of Agriculture and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yongheng Zhu
- Ministry of Agriculture and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jianguo Sun
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kaiping Yuan
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Institute of Energy and Materials Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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17
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Luo Y, Abidian MR, Ahn JH, Akinwande D, Andrews AM, Antonietti M, Bao Z, Berggren M, Berkey CA, Bettinger CJ, Chen J, Chen P, Cheng W, Cheng X, Choi SJ, Chortos A, Dagdeviren C, Dauskardt RH, Di CA, Dickey MD, Duan X, Facchetti A, Fan Z, Fang Y, Feng J, Feng X, Gao H, Gao W, Gong X, Guo CF, Guo X, Hartel MC, He Z, Ho JS, Hu Y, Huang Q, Huang Y, Huo F, Hussain MM, Javey A, Jeong U, Jiang C, Jiang X, Kang J, Karnaushenko D, Khademhosseini A, Kim DH, Kim ID, Kireev D, Kong L, Lee C, Lee NE, Lee PS, Lee TW, Li F, Li J, Liang C, Lim CT, Lin Y, Lipomi DJ, Liu J, Liu K, Liu N, Liu R, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Loh XJ, Lu N, Lv Z, Magdassi S, Malliaras GG, Matsuhisa N, Nathan A, Niu S, Pan J, Pang C, Pei Q, Peng H, Qi D, Ren H, Rogers JA, Rowe A, Schmidt OG, Sekitani T, Seo DG, Shen G, Sheng X, Shi Q, Someya T, Song Y, Stavrinidou E, Su M, Sun X, Takei K, Tao XM, Tee BCK, Thean AVY, Trung TQ, Wan C, Wang H, Wang J, Wang M, Wang S, Wang T, Wang ZL, Weiss PS, Wen H, Xu S, Xu T, Yan H, Yan X, Yang H, Yang L, Yang S, Yin L, Yu C, Yu G, Yu J, Yu SH, Yu X, Zamburg E, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhao X, Zheng Y, Zheng YQ, Zheng Z, Zhou T, Zhu B, Zhu M, Zhu R, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Zou G, Chen X. Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5211-5295. [PMID: 36892156 PMCID: PMC11223676 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 209.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Luo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Reza Abidian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77024, United States
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Deji Akinwande
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Anne M Andrews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher A Berkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94301, United States
| | - Christopher John Bettinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Nanobionics Group, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia, 3800
- Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia3800
| | - Xu Cheng
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Seon-Jin Choi
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Alex Chortos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Canan Dagdeviren
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94301, United States
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin Fang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Jianyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Xue Feng
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, United States
| | - Xiwen Gong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Applied Physics Program, and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109 United States
| | - Chuan Fei Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Martin C Hartel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zihan He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - John S Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Youfan Hu
- School of Electronics and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiyao Huang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Muhammad M Hussain
- mmh Labs, Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, United States
| | - Ali Javey
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Unyong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Engineering (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeong-buk 37673, Korea
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088, Xueyuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniil Karnaushenko
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | | | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Lingxuan Kong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Nae-Eung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Soft Foundry, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Fengyu Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neuroscience Program, BioMolecular Science Program, and Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Cuiyuan Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119276, Singapore
| | - Yuanjing Lin
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Jia Liu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Nan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Ren Liu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, N.1 Institute for Health, Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Neural Engineering Centre, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China 518055
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nanshu Lu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - George G Malliaras
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge CB3 0FA, Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Arokia Nathan
- Darwin College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9EU, United Kingdom
| | - Simiao Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jieming Pan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Changhyun Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Qibing Pei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huaying Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Chemistry, and Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Aaron Rowe
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, 1268 N. Lakeview Avenue, Anaheim, California 92807, United States
- Ready, Set, Food! 15821 Ventura Blvd #450, Encino, California 91436, United States
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Nanophysics, Faculty of Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekitani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 5670047
| | - Dae-Gyo Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guozhen Shen
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiongfeng Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Takao Someya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Eleni Stavrinidou
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74 Norrkoping, Sweden
| | - Meng Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - Kuniharu Takei
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Xiao-Ming Tao
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, School of Fashion and Textiles, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin C K Tee
- Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119276, Singapore
| | - Aaron Voon-Yew Thean
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Tran Quang Trung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Wan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Ming Wang
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chip and Systems, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- the Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41th Floor, AI Tower, No.701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Sihong Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, United States
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Bioengineering, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hanqi Wen
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457, Singapore
- Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China 314000
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Nanoengineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, and Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States
| | - Tailin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Hongping Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 300072
| | - Le Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), 9 Engineering Drive 1, #03-09 EA, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shuaijian Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, and Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, United States
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Evgeny Zamburg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Haixia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics; Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Hybrid-Integrated Next-Generation μ-Electronics Centre (SHINE), Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02134, United States
| | - Xuanhe Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Yuanjin Zheng
- Center for Integrated Circuits and Systems, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication; School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science (IDMxS), Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Rong Zhu
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California, 90064, United States
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Guijin Zou
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Laboratory for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Lin X, Luo J, Liao M, Su Y, Lv M, Li Q, Xiao S, Xiang J. Wearable Sensor-Based Monitoring of Environmental Exposures and the Associated Health Effects: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1131. [PMID: 36551098 PMCID: PMC9775571 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in sensor technology have facilitated the development and use of personalized sensors in monitoring environmental factors and the associated health effects. No studies have reviewed the research advancement in examining population-based health responses to environmental exposure via portable sensors/instruments. This study aims to review studies that use portable sensors to measure environmental factors and health responses while exploring the environmental effects on health. With a thorough literature review using two major English databases (Web of Science and PubMed), 24 eligible studies were included and analyzed out of 16,751 total records. The 24 studies include 5 on physical factors, 19 on chemical factors, and none on biological factors. The results show that particles were the most considered environmental factor among all of the physical, chemical, and biological factors, followed by total volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Heart rate and heart rate variability were the most considered health indicators among all cardiopulmonary outcomes, followed by respiratory function. The studies mostly had a sample size of fewer than 100 participants and a study period of less than a week due to the challenges in accessing low-cost, small, and light wearable sensors. This review guides future sensor-based environmental health studies on project design and sensor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiaying Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Minyan Liao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yalan Su
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mo Lv
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shenglan Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianbang Xiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
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19
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Song Z, Tang W, Chen Z, Wan Z, Chan CLJ, Wang C, Ye W, Fan Z. Temperature-Modulated Selective Detection of Part-per-Trillion NO 2 Using Platinum Nanocluster Sensitized 3D Metal Oxide Nanotube Arrays. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203212. [PMID: 36058651 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor chemiresistive gas sensors play critical roles in a smart and sustainable city where a safe and healthy environment is the foundation. However, the poor limits of detection and selectivity are the two bottleneck issues limiting their broad applications. Herein, a unique sensor design with a 3D tin oxide (SnO2 ) nanotube array as the sensing layer and platinum (Pt) nanocluster decoration as the catalytic layer, is demonstrated. The Pt/SnO2 sensor significantly enhances the sensitivity and selectivity of NO2 detection by strengthening the adsorption energy and lowering the activation energy toward NO2 . It not only leads to ultrahigh sensitivity to NO2 with a record limit of detection of 107 parts per trillion, but also enables selective NO2 sensing while suppressing the responses to interfering gases. Furthermore, a wireless sensor system integrated with sensors, a microcontroller, and a Bluetooth unit is developed for the practical indoor and on-road NO2 detection applications. The rational design of the sensors and their successful demonstration pave the way for future real-time gas monitoring in smart home and smart city applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Song
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Institute for Energy Research, Key Laboratory of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Wenying Tang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhesi Chen
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhu'an Wan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Chak Lam Jonathan Chan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wenhao Ye
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhiyong Fan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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