1
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Kukulage DSK, Yapa Abeywardana M, Matarage Don NNJ, Hu RM, Shishikura K, Matthews ML, Ahn YH. Chemoproteomic strategy identified p120-catenin glutathionylation regulates E-cadherin degradation and cell migration. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1542-1556.e9. [PMID: 37714153 PMCID: PMC10840712 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Identification of cysteines with high oxidation susceptibility is important for understanding redox-mediated biological processes. In this report, we report a chemical proteomic strategy that finds cysteines with high susceptibility to S-glutathionylation. Our proteomic strategy, named clickable glutathione-based isotope-coded affinity tag (G-ICAT), identified 1,518 glutathionylated cysteines while determining their relative levels of glutathionylated and reduced forms upon adding hydrogen peroxide. Among identified cysteines, we demonstrated that CTNND1 (p120) C692 has high susceptibility to glutathionylation. Also, p120 wild type (WT), compared to C692S, induces its dissociation from E-cadherin under oxidative stress, such as glucose depletion. p120 and E-cadherin dissociation correlated with E-cadherin destabilization via its proteasomal degradation. Lastly, we showed that p120 WT, compared to C692S, increases migration and invasion of MCF7 cells under glucose depletion, supporting a model that p120 C692 glutathionylation increases cell migration and invasion by destabilization of E-cadherin, a core player in cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ren-Ming Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kyosuke Shishikura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Megan L Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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Moon S, Alsarkhi L, Lin TT, Inoue R, Tahiri A, Colson C, Cai W, Shirakawa J, Qian WJ, Zhao JY, El Ouaamari A. Transcriptome and secretome profiling of sensory neurons reveals sex differences in pathways relevant to insulin sensing and insulin secretion. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23185. [PMID: 37695721 PMCID: PMC10503313 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300941r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) convey somatosensory and metabolic cues to the central nervous system and release substances from stimulated terminal endings in peripheral organs. Sex-biased variations driven by the sex chromosome complement (XX and XY) have been implicated in the sensory-islet crosstalk. However, the molecular underpinnings of these male-female differences are not known. Here, we aim to characterize the molecular repertoire and the secretome profile of the lower thoracic spinal sensory neurons and to identify molecules with sex-biased insulin sensing- and/or insulin secretion-modulating activity that are encoded independently of circulating gonadal sex hormones. We used transcriptomics and proteomics to uncover differentially expressed genes and secreted molecules in lower thoracic T5-12 DRG sensory neurons derived from sexually immature 3-week-old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed differential gene expression and protein secretion in DRG neurons in males and females. The transcriptome analysis identified, among others, higher insulin signaling/sensing capabilities in female DRG neurons; secretome screening uncovered several sex-specific candidate molecules with potential regulatory functions in pancreatic β cells. Together, these data suggest a putative role of sensory interoception of insulin in the DRG-islet crosstalk with implications in sensory feedback loops in the regulation of β-cell activity in a sex-biased manner. Finally, we provide a valuable resource of molecular and secretory targets that can be leveraged for understanding insulin interoception and insulin secretion and inform the development of novel studies/approaches to fathom the role of the sensory-islet axis in the regulation of energy balance in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Lamyaa Alsarkhi
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
| | - Tai-Tu Lin
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Azeddine Tahiri
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
| | - Cecilia Colson
- The Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Weikang Cai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jerry Yingtao Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Abdelfattah El Ouaamari
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 01595, USA
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3
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Fontaine M, Bartolami E, Prono M, Béal D, Blosi M, Costa AL, Ravagli C, Baldi G, Sprio S, Tampieri A, Fenoglio I, Tran L, Fadeel B, Carriere M. Nanomaterial genotoxicity evaluation using the high-throughput p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) assay. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288737. [PMID: 37713377 PMCID: PMC10503773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicity evaluation of engineered nanomaterials is challenging due to the ever increasing number of materials and because nanomaterials (NMs) frequently interfere with commonly used assays. Hence, there is a need for robust, high-throughput assays with which to assess their hazard potential. The present study aimed at evaluating the applicability of a genotoxicity assay based on the immunostaining and foci counting of the DNA repair protein 53BP1 (p53-binding protein 1), in a high-throughput format, for NM genotoxicity assessment. For benchmarking purposes, we first applied the assay to a set of eight known genotoxic agents, as well as X-ray irradiation (1 Gy). Then, a panel of NMs and nanobiomaterials (NBMs) was evaluated with respect to their impact on cell viability and genotoxicity, and to their potential to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The genotoxicity recorded using the 53BP1 assay was confirmed using the micronucleus assay, also scored via automated (high-throughput) microscopy. The 53BP1 assay successfully identified genotoxic compounds on the HCT116 human intestinal cell line. None of the tested NMs showed any genotoxicity using the 53BP1 assay, except the positive control consisting in (CoO)(NiO) NMs, while only TiO2 NMs showed positive outcome in the micronucleus assay. Only Fe3O4 NMs caused significant elevation of ROS, not correlated to DNA damage. Therefore, owing to its adequate predictivity of the genotoxicity of most of the tested benchmark substance and its ease of implementation in a high throughput format, the 53BP1 assay could be proposed as a complementary high-throughput screening genotoxicity assay, in the context of the development of New Approach Methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maelle Fontaine
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Eline Bartolami
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marion Prono
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - David Béal
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Magda Blosi
- National Research Council, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna L. Costa
- National Research Council, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Costanza Ravagli
- Ce.Ri.Col, Colorobbia Consulting S.R.L, Sovigliana-Vinci, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giovanni Baldi
- Ce.Ri.Col, Colorobbia Consulting S.R.L, Sovigliana-Vinci, Firenze, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- National Research Council, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- National Research Council, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials ISSMC-CNR (Former ISTEC-CNR), Faenza, Italy
| | - Ivana Fenoglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Carriere
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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4
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Abdelkader Y, Perez-Davalos L, LeDuc R, Zahedi RP, Labouta HI. Omics approaches for the assessment of biological responses to nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:114992. [PMID: 37414362 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has enabled the development of innovative therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) can influence gene expression, protein synthesis, cell cycle, metabolism, and other subcellular processes. While conventional methods have limitations in characterizing responses to NPs, omics approaches can analyze complete sets of molecular entities that change upon exposure to NPs. This review discusses key omics approaches, namely transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and multi-omics, applied to the assessment of biological responses to NPs. Fundamental concepts and analytical methods used for each approach are presented, as well as good practices for omics experiments. Bioinformatics tools are essential to analyze, interpret and visualize large omics data, and to correlate observations in different molecular layers. The authors envision that conducting interdisciplinary multi-omics analyses in future nanomedicine studies will reveal integrated cell responses to NPs at different omics levels, and the incorporation of omics into the evaluation of targeted delivery, efficacy, and safety will improve the development of nanomedicine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Abdelkader
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Luis Perez-Davalos
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Richard LeDuc
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 513 - 715 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Rene P Zahedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, 715 McDermot Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, 675 McDermot Av., Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Hagar I Labouta
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt, 21521.
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5
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Alsaleh NB, Assiri MA, Aljarbou AM, Almutairi MM, As Sobeai HM, Alshamrani AA, Almudimeegh S. Adverse Responses following Exposure to Subtoxic Concentrations of Zinc Oxide and Nickle Oxide Nanoparticles in the Raw 264.7 Cells. TOXICS 2023; 11:674. [PMID: 37624179 PMCID: PMC10459918 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in biomedical and consumer products has been growing, leading to increased human exposure. Previous research was largely focused on studying direct ENM toxicity in unrealistic high-exposure settings. This could result in overlooking potential adverse responses at low and subtoxic exposure levels. This study investigated adverse cellular outcomes to subtoxic concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnONPs) or nickel oxide (NiONPs) nanoparticles in the Raw 264.7 cells, a macrophage-like cell model. Exposure to both nanoparticles resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability. A subtoxic concentration of 6.25 µg/mL (i.e., no observed adverse effect level) was used in subsequent experiments. Exposure to both nanoparticles at subtoxic levels induced reactive oxygen species generation. Cellular internalization data demonstrated significant uptake of NiONPs, while there was minimal uptake of ZnONPs, suggesting a membrane-driven interaction. Although subtoxic exposure to both nanoparticles was not associated with cell activation (based on the expression of MHC-II and CD86 surface markers), it resulted in the modulation of the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response (TNFα and IL6), and cells exposed to ZnONPs had reduced cell phagocytic capacity. Furthermore, subtoxic exposure to the nanoparticles distinctly altered the levels of several cellular metabolites involved in cell bioenergetics. These findings suggest that exposure to ENMs at subtoxic levels may not be devoid of adverse health outcomes. This emphasizes the importance of establishing sensitive endpoints of exposure and toxicity beyond conventional toxicological testing.
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6
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Feng Y, Li T, Li Y, Lin Z, Han X, Pei X, Zhang Y, Li F, Yang J, Shao D, Li C. Glutaredoxin-1 promotes lymphangioleiomyomatosis progression through inhibiting Bim-mediated apoptosis via COX2/PGE2/ERK pathway. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1333. [PMID: 37478294 PMCID: PMC10361546 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a female-predominant interstitial lung disease, characterized by progressive cyst formation and respiratory failure. Clinical treatment with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin could relieve partially the respiratory symptoms, but not curative. It is urgent to illustrate the fundamental mechanisms of TSC2 deficiency to the development of LAM, especially mTORC1-independent mechanisms. Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx), an essential glutathione (GSH)-dependent thiol-oxidoreductase, maintains redox homeostasis and participates in various processes via controlling protein GSH adducts. Redox signalling through protein GSH adducts in LAM remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate the underlying mechanism of Glrx in the pathogenesis of LAM. METHODS 1. Abnormal Glrx expression in various kinds of human malignancies was identified by the GEPIA tumour database, and the expression of Glrx in LAM-derived cells was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) and immunoblot. 2. Stable Glrx knockdown cell line was established to evaluate cellular impact. 3. Cell viability was determined by CCK8 assay. 4. Apoptotic cell number and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were quantified by flow cytometry. 5. Cox2 expression and PGE2 production were detected to clarify the mechanism of Bim expression modulated by Glrx. 6. S-glutathionylated p65 was enriched and detected by immunoprecipitation and the direct regulation of Glrx on p65 was determined. 7. The xenograft animal model was established and photon flux was analyzed using IVIS Spectrum. RESULTS In LAM, TSC2 negatively regulated abnormal Glrx expression and activation in a mTORC1-independent manner. Knockdown of Glrx increased the expression of Bim and the accumulation of ROS, together with elevated S-glutathionylated proteins, contributing to the induction of apoptotic cell death and inhibited cell proliferation. Knockdown of Glrx in TSC2-deficient LAM cells increased GSH adducts on nuclear factor-kappa B p65, which contributed to a decrease in the expression of Cox2 and the biosynthesis of PGE2. Inhibition of PGE2 metabolism attenuated phosphorylation of ERK, which led to the accumulation of Bim, due to the imbalance of its phosphorylation and proteasome degradation. In xenograft tumour models, knockdown of Glrx in TSC2-deficient LAM cells inhibited tumour growth and increased tumour cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we provide a novel redox-dependent mechanism in the pathogenesis of LAM and propose that Glrx may be a beneficial strategy for the treatment of LAM or other TSC-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhoujun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Di Shao
- Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chenggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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7
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Li X, Gluth A, Zhang T, Qian WJ. Thiol redox proteomics: Characterization of thiol-based post-translational modifications. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200194. [PMID: 37248656 PMCID: PMC10764013 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Redox post-translational modifications on cysteine thiols (redox PTMs) have profound effects on protein structure and function, thus enabling regulation of various biological processes. Redox proteomics approaches aim to characterize the landscape of redox PTMs at the systems level. These approaches facilitate studies of condition-specific, dynamic processes implicating redox PTMs and have furthered our understanding of redox signaling and regulation. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool for such analyses which has been demonstrated by significant advances in redox proteomics during the last decade. A group of well-established approaches involves the initial blocking of free thiols followed by selective reduction of oxidized PTMs and subsequent enrichment for downstream detection. Alternatively, novel chemoselective probe-based approaches have been developed for various redox PTMs. Direct detection of redox PTMs without any enrichment has also been demonstrated given the sensitivity of contemporary MS instruments. This review discusses the general principles behind different analytical strategies and covers recent advances in redox proteomics. Several applications of redox proteomics are also highlighted to illustrate how large-scale redox proteomics data can lead to novel biological insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Austin Gluth
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
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8
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Ren F, Zhu W, Yang S, Zhang C, Hou Y, Li R, Wen J, Zou LH, Gao M, Wang WL, Wu Z, Shao A. Coumarin-Based Fluorescent Inhibitors for Photocontrollable Bioactivation. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37104703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the IRE-1/XBP-1 pathway is related to many human diseases. Coumarin-based derivatives acting as both IRE-1 inhibitors and bright fluorophores are highly desirable to establish an integrated fluorescent inhibitor system. Here, we take insights into the aqueous stability of a photocaged IRE-1 inhibitor PC-D-F07 through a structure activity relationship. The substituent effects indicate that the electron-withdrawing -NO2 moiety in the photocage combined with the tricyclic coumarin fluorophore contribute to the structural stability of PC-D-F07. To optimize the photocage of PC-D-F07, we incorporate a 1-ethyl-2-nitrobenzyl or 2-nitrobenzyl photolabile moiety on the hydroxyl group of the IRE-1 inhibitor to generate RF-7 and RF-8. Upon photoactivation, both RF-7 and RF-8 present an increased fluorescence response, sequentially enabling the unlocking of the ortho-1,3-dioxane acetal for the release of active IRE-1 inhibitors. Moreover, RF-7 exhibits a high repolarization ratio of converting M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) to M1-type immune-responsive macrophages. This provides a novel prodrug strategy of modulating druggable fluorophore backbones to achieve spatiotemporally controllable drug release for precise cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wendi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, PUMC & CAMS, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shuke Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yingchao Hou
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Runqi Li
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jian Wen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liang-Hua Zou
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Min Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, PUMC & CAMS, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Andong Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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9
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030674. [PMID: 36978924 PMCID: PMC10045244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved and crucial for the well-being of complex animals, there is a paucity of studies on the reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, and other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction of the redoxome, bioenergetics, and temperature signaling strongly determine the differential activities of the sleep–wake cycling of mammalians and birds. Posttranslational modifications of proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are shown to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, and metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair and cellular protein synthesis are maximized during the wake phase, whereas the redoxome is restored and mitochondrial remodeling is maximized during sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals that wakefulness is more protective and restorative to the nucleus (nucleorestorative), whereas sleep is more protective and restorative to mitochondria (mitorestorative). The “redox–bioenergetics–temperature and differential mitochondrial–nuclear regulatory hypothesis” adds to the understanding of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, substrate cycling control and hibernation. Similarly, this hypothesis explains how the oscillatory redox–bioenergetics–temperature–regulated sleep–wake states, when perturbed by mitochondrial interactome disturbances, influence the pathogenesis of aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, and diseases of the metabolism and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre—Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ryan J. Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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10
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Kukulage DSK, Matarage Don NNJ, Ahn YH. Emerging chemistry and biology in protein glutathionylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 71:102221. [PMID: 36223700 PMCID: PMC9844265 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein S-glutathionylation serves a regulatory role in proteins and modulates distinct biological processes implicated in health and diseases. Despite challenges in analyzing the dynamic and reversible nature of S-glutathionylation, recent chemical and biological methods have significantly advanced the field of S-glutathionylation, culminating in selective identification and detection, structural motif analysis, and functional studies of S-glutathionylation. This review will highlight emerging studies of protein glutathionylation, beginning by introducing biochemical tools that enable mass spectrometric identification and live-cell imaging of S-glutathionylation. Next, it will spotlight recent examples of S-glutathionylation regulating physiology and inflammation. Lastly, we will feature two emerging lines of glutathionylation research in cryptic cysteine glutathionylation and protein C-glutathionylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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11
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. WITHDRAWN: Mitochondria need their sleep: Sleep-wake cycling and the role of redox, bioenergetics, and temperature regulation, involving cysteine-mediated redox signaling, uncoupling proteins, and substrate cycles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022:S0891-5849(22)01013-9. [PMID: 36462628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada; McGill Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Cedars Cancer Centre - Glen Site, Montreal, Quebec QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
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12
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Day NJ, Zhang T, Gaffrey MJ, Zhao R, Fillmore TL, Moore RJ, Rodney GG, Qian WJ. A deep redox proteome profiling workflow and its application to skeletal muscle of a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy model. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:373-384. [PMID: 36306991 PMCID: PMC10072164 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perturbation to the redox state accompanies many diseases and its effects are viewed through oxidation of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. The thiol groups of protein cysteine residues undergo an array of redox post-translational modifications (PTMs) that are important for regulation of protein and pathway function. To better understand what proteins are redox regulated following a perturbation, it is important to be able to comprehensively profile protein thiol oxidation at the proteome level. Herein, we report a deep redox proteome profiling workflow and demonstrate its application in measuring the changes in thiol oxidation along with global protein expression in skeletal muscle from mdx mice, a model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). In-depth coverage of the thiol proteome was achieved with >18,000 Cys sites from 5,608 proteins in muscle being quantified. Compared to the control group, mdx mice exhibit markedly increased thiol oxidation, where a ∼2% shift in the median oxidation occupancy was observed. Pathway analysis for the redox data revealed that coagulation system and immune-related pathways were among the most susceptible to increased thiol oxidation in mdx mice, whereas protein abundance changes were more enriched in pathways associated with bioenergetics. This study illustrates the importance of deep redox profiling in gaining greater insight into oxidative stress regulation and pathways/processes that are perturbed in an oxidizing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Day
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Rui Zhao
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Thomas L Fillmore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
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13
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Li X, Zhang T, Day NJ, Feng S, Gaffrey MJ, Qian WJ. Defining the S-Glutathionylation Proteome by Biochemical and Mass Spectrometric Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2272. [PMID: 36421458 PMCID: PMC9687251 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein S-glutathionylation (SSG) is a reversible post-translational modification (PTM) featuring the conjugation of glutathione to a protein cysteine thiol. SSG can alter protein structure, activity, subcellular localization, and interaction with small molecules and other proteins. Thus, it plays a critical role in redox signaling and regulation in various physiological activities and pathological events. In this review, we summarize current biochemical and analytical approaches for characterizing SSG at both the proteome level and at individual protein levels. To illustrate the mechanism underlying SSG-mediated redox regulation, we highlight recent examples of functional and structural consequences of SSG modifications. Finally, we discuss the analytical challenges in characterizing SSG and the thiol PTM landscape, future directions for understanding of the role of SSG in redox signaling and regulation and its interplay with other PTMs, and the potential role of computational approaches to accelerate functional discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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14
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Zhang T, Day NJ, Gaffrey M, Weitz KK, Attah K, Mimche PN, Paine R, Qian WJ, Helms MN. Regulation of hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung injury via post-translational cysteine redox modifications. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102405. [PMID: 35872399 PMCID: PMC9307955 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants and patients with lung disease often have excess fluid in the lungs and are frequently treated with oxygen, however long-term exposure to hyperoxia results in irreversible lung injury. Although the adverse effects of hyperoxia are mediated by reactive oxygen species, the full extent of the impact of hyperoxia on redox-dependent regulation in the lung is unclear. In this study, neonatal mice overexpressing the beta-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (β-ENaC) encoded by Scnn1b and their wild type (WT; C57Bl6) littermates were utilized to study the pathogenesis of high fraction inspired oxygen (FiO2)-induced lung injury. Results showed that O2-induced lung injury in transgenic Scnn1b mice is attenuated following chronic O2 exposure. To test the hypothesis that reversible cysteine-redox-modifications of proteins play an important role in O2-induced lung injury, we performed proteome-wide profiling of protein S-glutathionylation (SSG) in both WT and Scnn1b overexpressing mice maintained at 21% O2 (normoxia) or FiO2 85% (hyperoxia) from birth to 11-15 days postnatal. Over 7700 unique Cys sites with SSG modifications were identified and quantified, covering more than 3000 proteins in the lung. In both mouse models, hyperoxia resulted in a significant alteration of the SSG levels of Cys sites belonging to a diverse range of proteins. In addition, substantial SSG changes were observed in the Scnn1b overexpressing mice exposed to hyperoxia, suggesting that ENaC plays a critically important role in cellular regulation. Hyperoxia-induced SSG changes were further supported by the results observed for thiol total oxidation, the overall level of reversible oxidation on protein cysteine residues. Differential analyses reveal that Scnn1b overexpression may protect against hyperoxia-induced lung injury via modulation of specific processes such as cell adhesion, blood coagulation, and proteolysis. This study provides a landscape view of protein oxidation in the lung and highlights the importance of redox regulation in O2-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Day
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Matthew Gaffrey
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kwame Attah
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Patrice N Mimche
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Robert Paine
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Integrative Omics Group, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - My N Helms
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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15
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Domingues C, Santos A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Jarak I, Veiga F, Barbosa I, Dourado M, Figueiras A. Where Is Nano Today and Where Is It Headed? A Review of Nanomedicine and the Dilemma of Nanotoxicology. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9994-10041. [PMID: 35729778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide nanotechnology development and application have fueled many scientific advances, but technophilic expectations and technophobic demands must be counterbalanced in parallel. Some of the burning issues today are the following: (1) Where is nano today? (2) How good are the communication and investment networks between academia/research and governments? (3) Is there any spotlight application for nanotechnology? Nanomedicine is a particular arm of nanotechnology within the healthcare landscape, focused on diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of emerging (such as coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) and contemporary (including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer) diseases. However, it may only represent the bright side of the coin. In fact, in the recent past, the concept of nanotoxicology has emerged to address the dark shadows of nanomedicine. The nanomedicine field requires more nanotoxicological studies to identify undesirable effects and guarantee safety. Here, we provide an overall perspective on nanomedicine and nanotoxicology as central pieces of the giant puzzle of nanotechnology. First, the impact of nanotechnology on education and research is highlighted, followed by market trends and scientific output tendencies. In the next section, the nanomedicine and nanotoxicology dilemma is addressed through the interplay of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models with the support of omics and microfluidic approaches. Lastly, a reflection on the regulatory issues and clinical trials is provided. Finally, some conclusions and future perspectives are proposed for a clearer and safer translation of nanomedicines from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barbosa
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Phamaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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16
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Biomarkers of nanomaterials hazard from multi-layer data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3798. [PMID: 35778420 PMCID: PMC9249793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to apply effective, data-driven approaches to reliably predict engineered nanomaterial (ENM) toxicity. Here we introduce a predictive computational framework based on the molecular and phenotypic effects of a large panel of ENMs across multiple in vitro and in vivo models. Our methodology allows for the grouping of ENMs based on multi-omics approaches combined with robust toxicity tests. Importantly, we identify mRNA-based toxicity markers and extensively replicate them in multiple independent datasets. We find that models based on combinations of omics-derived features and material intrinsic properties display significantly improved predictive accuracy as compared to physicochemical properties alone.
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17
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Abstract
Cellular redox homeostasis is precisely balanced by generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are not only capable of causing oxidation of proteins, lipids and DNA to damage cells but can also act as signaling molecules to modulate transcription factors and epigenetic pathways that determine cell survival and death. Hsp70 proteins are central hubs for proteostasis and are important factors to ameliorate damage from different kinds of stress including oxidative stress. Hsp70 members often participate in different cellular signaling pathways via their clients and cochaperones. ROS can directly cause oxidative cysteine modifications of Hsp70 members to alter their structure and chaperone activity, resulting in changes in the interactions between Hsp70 and their clients or cochaperones, which can then transfer redox signals to Hsp70-related signaling pathways. On the other hand, ROS also activate some redox-related signaling pathways to indirectly modulate Hsp70 activity and expression. Post-translational modifications including phosphorylation together with elevated Hsp70 expression can expand the capacity of Hsp70 to deal with ROS-damaged proteins and support antioxidant enzymes. Knowledge about the response and role of Hsp70 in redox homeostasis will facilitate our understanding of the cellular knock-on effects of inhibitors targeting Hsp70 and the mechanisms of redox-related diseases and aging.
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18
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Oxidative stress-induced FABP5 S-glutathionylation protects against acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation in macrophages. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7094. [PMID: 34876574 PMCID: PMC8651733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Protein S-glutathionylation plays an important role in cellular antioxidant defense. Here we report that the expression of deglutathionylation enzyme Grx1 is decreased in the lungs of acute lung injury mice. The acute lung injury induced by hyperoxia or LPS is significantly relieved in Grx1 KO and Grx1fl/flLysMcre mice, confirming the protective role of Grx1-regulated S-glutathionylation in macrophages. Using a quantitative redox proteomics approach, we show that FABP5 is susceptible to S-glutathionylation under oxidative conditions. S-glutathionylation of Cys127 in FABP5 promotes its fatty acid binding ability and nuclear translocation. Further results indicate S-glutathionylation promotes the interaction of FABP5 and PPARβ/δ, activates PPARβ/δ target genes and suppresses the LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages. Our study reveals a molecular mechanism through which FABP5 S-glutathionylation regulates macrophage inflammation in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Redox-dependent regulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, but its mechanism is unclear. Here the authors show Grx1-regulated S-glutathionylation of FABP5 controls macrophage inflammation and alleviates acute lung injury.
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19
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Cai J, Miao C, Chen Y, Xie Y, Liu J, Wang D. Nano-sized zinc addition enhanced mammary zinc translocation without altering health status of dairy cows. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:1024-1030. [PMID: 34738032 PMCID: PMC8536503 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate role of nano-sized zinc (Zn) on lactation performance, health status, and mammary permeability of lactating dairy cows. Thirty multiparous dairy cows with similar days in milk (158 ± 43.2) and body weight (694 ± 60.5 kg) were chosen based on parity and milk production and were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups: basal diet (control, 69.6 mg/kg of Zn adequate in Zn requirement), basal diet additional Zn-methionine (Zn-Met, providing 40 mg/kg of Zn), and basal diet additional nano-sized Zn oxide (nZnO, providing 40 mg/kg of Zn). The study lasted for 10 wk, with the first 2 wk as adaptation. Feed intake, milk yield and the related variables, and plasma variables were determined every other week. Blood hematological profiles were determined in the 8th week of the study. We found that feed intake, milk yield, and milk composition were similar across the 3 groups. The nZnO- and Zn-Met-fed cows had greater milk Zn concentrations in the milk (3.89 mg/L (Zn-Met) and 3.93 mg/L (nZnO)) and plasma (1.25 mg/L (Zn-Met) and 1.29 mg/L (nZnO)) than the control cows (3.79 mg/L in milk and 1.21 mg/L in plasma). The nZnO-fed cows had higher Zn concentrations in plasma but not in milk compared to Zn-Met-fed cows. The Zn appearance in milk was greater in nZnO-fed (area under curve during the first 4 h post-feeding for milk Zn: 16.1 mg/L) and Zn-Met-fed cows (15.7 mg/L) than in control cows (15.0 mg/L). During the first 4 h post-feeding, milk to blood Zn ratio was greater in nZnO-fed animals but lower in Zn-Met-fed cows compared with control cows. Oxidative stress-related variables in plasma, blood hematological profiles, and mammary permeability related variables were not different across treatments. In summary, lactation performance, Zn concentrations in milk and plasma, hematological profiles, mammary permeability were similar in cows fed nZnO and Zn-Met. We therefore suggested that nZnO feeding can improve Zn bioavailability without impairing lactation performance, health status, and mammary gland permeability in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chao Miao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunyi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Diming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Dairy Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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20
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Domb AJ, Sharifzadeh G, Nahum V, Hosseinkhani H. Safety Evaluation of Nanotechnology Products. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101615. [PMID: 34683908 PMCID: PMC8539492 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials are now being used in a wide variety of biomedical applications. Medical and health-related issues, however, have raised major concerns, in view of the potential risks of these materials against tissue, cells, and/or organs and these are still poorly understood. These particles are able to interact with the body in countless ways, and they can cause unexpected and hazardous toxicities, especially at cellular levels. Therefore, undertaking in vitro and in vivo experiments is vital to establish their toxicity with natural tissues. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of nanotoxicity and provide an overview on in vitro characterizations and cytotoxicity assays, as well as in vivo studies that emphasize blood circulation and the in vivo fate of nanomaterials. Our focus is on understanding the role that the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials play in determining their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham J. Domb
- The Centers for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
- Correspondence: (A.J.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Ghorbanali Sharifzadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Victoria Nahum
- The Centers for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Innovation Center for Advanced Technology, Matrix, Inc., New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (A.J.D.); (H.H.)
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21
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Mass spectrometry-based direct detection of multiple types of protein thiol modifications in pancreatic beta cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102111. [PMID: 34425387 PMCID: PMC8379693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiol-based post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a key role in redox-dependent regulation and signaling. Functional cysteine (Cys) sites serve as redox switches, regulated through multiple types of PTMs. Herein, we aim to characterize the complexity of thiol PTMs at the proteome level through the establishment of a direct detection workflow. The LC-MS/MS based workflow allows for simultaneous quantification of protein abundances and multiple types of thiol PTMs. To demonstrate its utility, the workflow was applied to mouse pancreatic β-cells (β-TC-6) treated with thapsigargin to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This resulted in the quantification of >9000 proteins and multiple types of thiol PTMs, including intra-peptide disulfide (S–S), S-glutathionylation (SSG), S-sulfinylation (SO2H), S-sulfonylation (SO3H), S-persulfidation (SSH), and S-trisulfidation (SSSH). Proteins with significant changes in abundance were observed to be involved in canonical pathways such as autophagy, unfolded protein response, protein ubiquitination pathway, and EIF2 signaling. Moreover, ~500 Cys sites were observed with one or multiple types of PTMs with SSH and S–S as the predominant types of modifications. In many cases, significant changes in the levels of different PTMs were observed on various enzymes and their active sites, while their protein abundance exhibited little change. These results provide evidence of independent translational and post-translational regulation of enzyme activity. The observed complexity of thiol modifications on the same Cys residues illustrates the challenge in the characterization and interpretation of protein thiol modifications and their functional regulation. Simultaneous quantification of protein abundances and multiple types of thiol PTMs. Multiple types PTMs observed on the same Cys sites for redox-regulated proteins. Data revealed complexity of thiol PTMs and their regulation. Distinctive translational and post-translational regulation under ER stress in β-cells.
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22
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Alsaleh NB. Adverse cardiovascular responses of engineered nanomaterials: Current understanding of molecular mechanisms and future challenges. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102421. [PMID: 34166839 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is spanning multiple fields of study from materials science to computer engineering and drug discovery. Since the early 21st century, nanotechnology and nano-enabled research have received great attention and governmental funding accompanied with interest to ensure human and environmental safety of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Optimal functioning of the cardiovascular (CV) system is of utmost importance for the overall health of the body. Following exposure, ENMs essentially end up in the circulation (at least partially) and hence it is key to assess any associated adverse CV consequences. Accumulating research suggests that exposure to ENMs (different compositions and physicochemical properties) has the capacity to directly and indirectly interact with CV components resulting in adverse events and worsening of CV complications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving these events remain to be elucidated. In this article, we review state-of-art literature on ENM-associated adverse CV responses and discuss the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser B Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Willems P, Van Breusegem F, Huang J. Contemporary proteomic strategies for cysteine redoxome profiling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:110-124. [PMID: 33793888 PMCID: PMC8154054 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein cysteine residues are susceptible to oxidative modifications that can affect protein functions. Proteomic techniques that comprehensively profile the cysteine redoxome, the repertoire of oxidized cysteine residues, are pivotal towards a better understanding of the protein redox signaling. Recent technical advances in chemical tools and redox proteomic strategies have greatly improved selectivity, in vivo applicability, and quantification of the cysteine redoxome. Despite this substantial progress, still many challenges remain. Here, we provide an update on the recent advances in proteomic strategies for cysteine redoxome profiling, compare the advantages and disadvantages of current methods and discuss the outstanding challenges and future perspectives for plant redoxome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Willems
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Cai J, Zang X, Wu Z, Liu J, Wang D. Altered protein S-glutathionylation depicts redox imbalance triggered by transition metal oxide nanoparticles in a breastfeeding system. NANOIMPACT 2021; 22:100305. [PMID: 35559962 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanosafety has become a public concern following nanotechnology development. By now, attention has seldom been paid to breastfeeding system, which is constructed by mammary physiological structure and derived substances (endogenous or exogenous), cells, tissues, organs, and individuals (mother and child), connecting environment and organism, and spans across mother-child dyad. Thus, breastfeeding system is a center of nutrients transport and a unique window of toxic susceptibility in the mother-child dyad. We applied metabolomics combined with redox proteomics to depict how nanoparticles cause metabolic burden via their spontaneous redox cycling in lactating mammary glands. Two widely used nanoparticles [titanium dioxide (nTiO2) and zinc oxide (nZnO)] were exposed to lactating mice via intranasal administration. Biodistribution and biopersistence of nTiO2 and nZnO in mammary glands destroyed its structure, reflective of significantly reduced claudin-3 protein level by 32.1% (P < 0.01) and 47.8% (P < 0.01), and significantly increased apoptosis index by 85.7 (P < 0.01) and 100.3 (P < 0.01) fold change, respectively. Airway exposure of nTiO2 trended to reduced milk production by 22.7% (P = 0.06), while nZnO significantly reduced milk production by 33.0% (P < 0.01). Metabolomics analysis revealed a metabolic shift by nTiO2 or nZnO, such as increased glycolysis (nTiO2: fold enrichment = 3.31, P < 0.05; nZnO: fold enrichment = 3.68, P < 0.05), glutathione metabolism (nTiO2: fold enrichment = 5.57, P < 0.01; nZnO: fold enrichment = 4.43, P < 0.05), and fatty acid biosynthesis (nTiO2: fold enrichment = 3.52, P < 0.05; nZnO: fold enrichment = 3.51, P < 0.05) for tissue repair at expense of lower milk fat synthesis (35.7% reduction by nTiO2; 51.8% reduction by nZnO), and finally led to oxidative stress of mammary glands. The increased GSSG/GSH ratio (57.5% increase by nTiO2; 105% increase by nZnO) with nanoparticle exposure confirmed an alteration in the redox state and a metabolic shift in mammary glands. Redox proteomics showed that nanoparticles induced S-glutathionylation (SSG) modification at Cys sites of proteins in a nanoparticle type-dependent manner. The nTiO2 induced more protein SSG modification sites (nTiO2: 21; nZnO:16), whereas nZnO induced fewer protein SSG modification sites but at deeper SSG levels (26.6% higher in average of nZnO than that of nTiO2). In detail, SSG modification by nTiO2 was characterized by Ltf at Cys423 (25.3% increase), and Trf at Cys386;395;583 (42.3%, 42.3%, 22.8% increase) compared with control group. While, SSG modification by nZnO was characterized by Trfc at Cys365 (71.3% increase) and Fasn at Cys1010 (41.0% increase). The discovery of SSG-modified proteins under airway nanoparticle exposure further supplemented the oxidative stress index and mammary injury index, and deciphered precise mechanisms of nanotoxicity into a molecular level. The unique quantitative site-specific redox proteomics and metabolomics can serve as a new technique to identify nanotoxicity and provide deep insights into nanoparticle-triggered oxidative stress, contributing to a healthy breastfeeding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Dairy Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China.
| | - Xinwei Zang
- College of Animal Sciences, Dairy Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China.
| | - Zezhong Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Dairy Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Dairy Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China.
| | - Diming Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Dairy Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China.
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25
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Stoichiometric Thiol Redox Proteomics for Quantifying Cellular Responses to Perturbations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030499. [PMID: 33807006 PMCID: PMC8004825 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications regulate the structure and function of proteins that can result in changes to the activity of different pathways. These include modifications altering the redox state of thiol groups on protein cysteine residues, which are sensitive to oxidative environments. While mass spectrometry has advanced the identification of protein thiol modifications and expanded our knowledge of redox-sensitive pathways, the quantitative aspect of this technique is critical for the field of redox proteomics. In this review, we describe how mass spectrometry-based redox proteomics has enabled researchers to accurately quantify the stoichiometry of reversible oxidative modifications on specific cysteine residues of proteins. We will describe advancements in the methodology that allow for the absolute quantitation of thiol modifications, as well as recent reports that have implemented this approach. We will also highlight the significance and application of such measurements and why they are informative for the field of redox biology.
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26
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Zhang T, Gaffrey MJ, Li X, Qian WJ. Characterization of cellular oxidative stress response by stoichiometric redox proteomics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C182-C194. [PMID: 33264075 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00040.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The thiol redox proteome refers to all proteins whose cysteine thiols are subjected to various redox-dependent posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including S-glutathionylation (SSG), S-nitrosylation (SNO), S-sulfenylation (SOH), and S-sulfhydration (SSH). These modifications can impact various aspects of protein function such as activity, binding, conformation, localization, and interactions with other molecules. To identify novel redox proteins in signaling and regulation, it is highly desirable to have robust redox proteomics methods that can provide global, site-specific, and stoichiometric quantification of redox PTMs. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based redox proteomics has emerged as the primary platform for broad characterization of thiol PTMs in cells and tissues. Herein, we review recent advances in MS-based redox proteomics approaches for quantitative profiling of redox PTMs at physiological or oxidative stress conditions and highlight some recent applications. Considering the relative maturity of available methods, emphasis will be on two types of modifications: 1) total oxidation (i.e., all reversible thiol modifications), the level of which represents the overall redox state, and 2) S-glutathionylation, a major form of reversible thiol oxidation. We also discuss the significance of stoichiometric measurements of thiol PTMs as well as future perspectives toward a better understanding of cellular redox regulatory networks in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Integrative Omics, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Integrative Omics, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Integrative Omics, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington.,Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Integrative Omics, Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
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27
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Wang J, Zhang T, Johnston CJ, Kim SY, Gaffrey MJ, Chalupa D, Feng G, Qian WJ, McGraw MD, Ansong C. Protein thiol oxidation in the rat lung following e-cigarette exposure. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101758. [PMID: 33080441 PMCID: PMC7575796 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette (e-cig) aerosols are complex mixtures of various chemicals including humectants (propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG)), nicotine, and various flavoring additives. Emerging research is beginning to challenge the "relatively safe" perception of e-cigarettes. Recent studies suggest e-cig aerosols provoke oxidative stress; however, details of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we used a redox proteomics assay of thiol total oxidation to identify signatures of site-specific protein thiol modifications in Sprague-Dawley rat lungs following in vivo e-cig aerosol exposures. Histologic evaluation of rat lungs exposed acutely to e-cig aerosols revealed mild perturbations in lung structure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis demonstrated no significant change in cell count or differential. Conversely, total lung glutathione decreased significantly in rats exposed to e-cig aerosol compared to air controls. Redox proteomics quantified the levels of total oxidation for 6682 cysteine sites representing 2865 proteins. Protein thiol oxidation and alterations by e-cig exposure induced perturbations of protein quality control, inflammatory responses and redox homeostasis. Perturbations of protein quality control were confirmed with semi-quantification of total lung polyubiquitination and 20S proteasome activity. Our study highlights the importance of redox control in the pulmonary response to e-cig exposure and the utility of thiol-based redox proteomics as a tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States
| | - Carl J Johnston
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States
| | - So-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States
| | - David Chalupa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States
| | - Guanqiao Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States.
| | - Matthew D McGraw
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, United States.
| | - Charles Ansong
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, United States.
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28
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Kodali V, Shoeb M, Meighan TG, Eye T, Friend SA, Hubczak J, Kashon ML, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Antonini JM, Erdely A. Bioactivity of Circulatory Factors After Pulmonary Exposure to Mild or Stainless Steel Welding Fumes. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:108-120. [PMID: 32514565 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that alterations in circulating factors are a driver of pulmonary-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. To evaluate, if circulating factors effect endothelial function after a pulmonary exposure to welding fumes, an exposure known to induce cardiovascular dysfunction, serum collected from Sprague Dawley rats 24 h after an intratracheal instillation exposure to 2 mg/rat of 2 compositionally distinct metal-rich welding fume particulates (manual metal arc welding using stainless steel electrodes [MMA-SS] or gas metal arc welding using mild steel electrodes [GMA-MS]) or saline was used to test molecular and functional effects of in vitro cultures of primary cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (PCMEs) or ex vivo organ cultures. The welding fumes elicited significant pulmonary injury and inflammation with only minor changes in measured serum antioxidant and cytokine levels. PCME cells were challenged for 4 h with serum collected from exposed rats, and 84 genes related to endothelial function were analyzed. Changes in relative mRNA patterns indicated that serum from rats exposed to MMA-SS, and not GMA-MS or PBS, could influence several functional aspects related to endothelial cells, including cell migration, angiogenesis, inflammation, and vascular function. The predictions were confirmed using a functional in vitro assay (scratch assay) as well as an ex vivo multicellular environment (aortic ring angiogenesis assay), validating the concept that endothelial cells can be used as an effective screening tool of exposed workers for determining bioactivity of altered circulatory factors. Overall, the results indicate that pulmonary MMA-SS fume exposure can cause altered endothelial function systemically via altered circulating factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Kodali
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Mohammad Shoeb
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Terence G Meighan
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Tracy Eye
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Sherri A Friend
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - John Hubczak
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Michael L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | | | - James M Antonini
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, NIOSH, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888
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29
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Duan J, Zhang T, Gaffrey MJ, Weitz KK, Moore RJ, Li X, Xian M, Thrall BD, Qian WJ. Stochiometric quantification of the thiol redox proteome of macrophages reveals subcellular compartmentalization and susceptibility to oxidative perturbations. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101649. [PMID: 32750668 PMCID: PMC7397701 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of protein cysteine thiols play a significant role in redox regulation and the pathogenesis of human diseases. Herein, we report the characterization of the cellular redox landscape in terms of quantitative, site-specific occupancies of both S-glutathionylation (SSG) and total reversible thiol oxidation (total oxidation) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells under basal conditions. The occupancies of thiol modifications for ~4000 cysteine sites were quantified, revealing a mean site occupancy of 4.0% for SSG and 11.9% for total oxidation, respectively. Correlations between site occupancies and structural features such as pKa, relative residue surface accessibility, and hydrophobicity were observed. Proteome-wide site occupancy analysis revealed that the average occupancies of SSG and total oxidation in specific cellular compartments correlate well with the expected redox potentials of respective organelles in macrophages, consistent with the notion of redox compartmentalization. The lowest average occupancies were observed in more reducing organelles such as the mitochondria (non-membrane) and nucleus, while the highest average occupancies were found in more oxidizing organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosome. Furthermore, a pattern of subcellular susceptibility to redox changes was observed under oxidative stress induced by exposure to engineered metal oxide nanoparticles. Peroxisome, ER, and mitochondria (membrane) are the organelles which exhibit the most significant redox changes; while mitochondria (non-membrane) and Golgi were observed as the organelles being most resistant to oxidative stress. Finally, it was observed that Cys residues at enzymatic active sites generally had a higher level of occupancy compared to non-active Cys residues within the same proteins, suggesting site occupancy as a potential indicator of protein functional sites. The raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD019913.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Duan
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Brian D Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
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30
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Yang J, Zhang H, Gong W, Liu Z, Wu H, Hu W, Chen X, Wang L, Wu S, Chen C, Perrett S. S-Glutathionylation of human inducible Hsp70 reveals a regulatory mechanism involving the C-terminal α-helical lid. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8302-8324. [PMID: 32332101 PMCID: PMC7294093 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) proteins are a family of ancient and conserved chaperones. Cysteine modifications have been widely detected among different Hsp70 family members in vivo, but their effects on Hsp70 structure and function are unclear. Here, we treated HeLa cells with diamide, which typically induces disulfide bond formation except in the presence of excess GSH, when glutathionylated cysteines predominate. We show that in these cells, HspA1A (hHsp70) undergoes reversible cysteine modifications, including glutathionylation, potentially at all five cysteine residues. In vitro experiments revealed that modification of cysteines in the nucleotide-binding domain of hHsp70 is prevented by nucleotide binding but that Cys-574 and Cys-603, located in the C-terminal α-helical lid of the substrate-binding domain, can undergo glutathionylation in both the presence and absence of nucleotide. We found that glutathionylation of these cysteine residues results in unfolding of the α-helical lid structure. The unfolded region mimics substrate by binding to and blocking the substrate-binding site, thereby promoting intrinsic ATPase activity and competing with binding of external substrates, including heat shock transcription factor 1 (Hsf1). Thus, post-translational modification can alter the structure and regulate the function of hHsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Weibin Gong
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyan Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Wanhui Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Si Wu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Youanmen, Beijing, China
| | - Sarah Perrett
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China .,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
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31
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Held JM. Redox Systems Biology: Harnessing the Sentinels of the Cysteine Redoxome. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:659-676. [PMID: 31368359 PMCID: PMC7047077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Cellular redox processes are highly interconnected, yet not in equilibrium, and governed by a wide range of biochemical parameters. Technological advances continue refining how specific redox processes are regulated, but broad understanding of the dynamic interconnectivity between cellular redox modules remains limited. Systems biology investigates multiple components in complex environments and can provide integrative insights into the multifaceted cellular redox state. This review describes the state of the art in redox systems biology as well as provides an updated perspective and practical guide for harnessing thousands of cysteine sensors in the redoxome for multiparameter characterization of cellular redox networks. Recent Advances: Redox systems biology has been applied to genome-scale models and large public datasets, challenged common conceptions, and provided new insights that complement reductionist approaches. Advances in public knowledge and user-friendly tools for proteome-wide annotation of cysteine sentinels can now leverage cysteine redox proteomics datasets to provide spatial, functional, and protein structural information. Critical Issues: Careful consideration of available analytical approaches is needed to broadly characterize the systems-level properties of redox signaling networks and be experimentally feasible. The cysteine redoxome is an informative focal point since it integrates many aspects of redox biology. The mechanisms and redox modules governing cysteine redox regulation, cysteine oxidation assays, proteome-wide annotation of the biophysical and biochemical properties of individual cysteines, and their clinical application are discussed. Future Directions: Investigating the cysteine redoxome at a systems level will uncover new insights into the mechanisms of selectivity and context dependence of redox signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Held
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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32
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VanHecke GC, Abeywardana MY, Huang B, Ahn YH. Isotopically Labeled Clickable Glutathione to Quantify Protein S-Glutathionylation. Chembiochem 2020; 21:853-859. [PMID: 31560820 PMCID: PMC7078011 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein S-glutathionylation is one of the important cysteine oxidation events that regulate various redox-mediated biological processes. Despite several existing methods, there are few proteomic approaches to identify and quantify specific cysteine residues susceptible to S-glutathionylation. We previously developed a clickable glutathione approach that labels intracellular glutathione with azido-Ala by using a mutant form of glutathione synthetase. In this study, we developed a quantification strategy with clickable glutathione by using isotopically labeled heavy and light derivatives of azido-Ala, which provides the relative quantification of glutathionylated peptides in mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. We applied isotopically labeled clickable glutathione to HL-1 cardiomyocytes, quantifying relative levels of 1398 glutathionylated peptides upon addition of hydrogen peroxide. Importantly, we highlight elevated levels of glutathionylation on sarcomere-associated muscle proteins while validating glutathionylation of two structural proteins, α-actinin and desmin. Our report provides a chemical proteomic strategy to quantify specific glutathionylated cysteines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett C. VanHecke
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | | - Bo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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33
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Lu J, Jin Y, Xu C, Meng Q, Liu Q, Dong D, Ma X, Liu K, Sun H. Targeting of miR-96-5p by catalpol ameliorates oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis in LDLr-/- mice via p66shc/cytochrome C cascade. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2049-2069. [PMID: 32023549 PMCID: PMC7041734 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress are considered to be the sequential steps in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We previously found that catalpol, an iridoid glucoside extracted from the root of Romania glutinosa L, protected against diabetes-induced hepatic oxidative stress. Here, we found that the increased expression of p66shc was observed in NAFLD models and catalpol could inhibit p66shc expression to ameliorate NAFLD effectively. However, the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the p66shc-targeting miRNAs in regulating oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis, also the mechanisms of catalpol inhibiting NAFLD. We found that the effects of catalpol inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and steasis are dependent on inhibiting P66Shc expression. In addition, miR-96-5p was able to suppress p66shc/cytochrome C cascade via targeting p66shc mRNA 3’UTR, and catalpol could lead to suppression of NAFLD via upregulating miR-96-5p level. Thus, catalpol was effective in ameliorating NAFLD, and miR-96-5p/p66shc/cytochrome C cascade might be a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Canyao Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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34
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35
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Zhang T, Gaffrey MJ, Thomas DG, Weber TJ, Hess BM, Weitz KK, Piehowski PD, Petyuk VA, Moore RJ, Qian WJ, Thrall BD. A proteome-wide assessment of the oxidative stress paradigm for metal and metal-oxide nanomaterials in human macrophages. NANOIMPACT 2020; 17:100194. [PMID: 32133426 PMCID: PMC7055704 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2019.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Responsible implementation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into commercial applications is an important societal issue, driving demand for new approaches for rapid and comprehensive evaluation of their bioactivity and safety. An essential part of any research focused on identifying potential hazards of ENMs is the appropriate selection of biological endpoints to evaluate. Herein, we use a tiered strategy employing both targeted biological assays and untargeted quantitative proteomics to elucidate the biological responses of human THP-1 derived macrophages across a library of metal/metal oxide ENMs, raised as priority ENMs for investigation by NIEHS's Nanomaterial Health Implications Research (NHIR) program. Our results show that quantitative cellular proteome profiles readily distinguish ENM types based on their cytotoxic potential according to induction of biological processes and pathways involved in the cellular antioxidant response, TCA cycle, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune responses as major processes impacted. Interestingly, bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins also revealed new biological processes that were influenced by all ENMs independent of their cytotoxic potential. These included biological processes that were previously implicated as mechanisms cells employ as adaptive responses to low levels of oxidative stress, including cell adhesion, protein translation and protein targeting. Unsupervised clustering revealed the most striking proteome changes that differentiated ENM classes highlight a small subset of proteins involved in the oxidative stress response (HMOX1), protein chaperone functions (HS71B, DNJB1), and autophagy (SQSTM), providing a potential new panel of markers of ENM-induced cellular stress. To our knowledge, the results represent the most comprehensive profiling of the biological responses to a library of ENMs conducted using quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The results provide a basis to identify the patterns of a diverse set of cellular pathways and biological processes impacted by ENM exposure in an important immune cell type, laying the foundation for multivariate, pathway-level structure activity assessments of ENMs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Dennis G Thomas
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Thomas J Weber
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Becky M Hess
- Signatures Sciences and Technology Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Karl K Weitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Paul D Piehowski
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Vladislav A Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
| | - Brian D Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352
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Cui L, Wang X, Sun B, Xia T, Hu S. Predictive Metabolomic Signatures for Safety Assessment of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13065-13082. [PMID: 31682760 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of metal oxide nanoparticles (MOx NPs) poses a risk of exposure that may lead to adverse health effects on humans. Even though a number of toxicological methodologies are available for assessing nanotoxicity, the effect of MOx NPs on cell metabolism in vitro and in vivo remains largely unknown, especially under the exposure to low-dose or supposedly low-toxicity MOx NPs. In this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics was used to reveal significantly altered metabolites and metabolic pathways in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to four different types of MOx NPs (ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, and CeO2) at both high (25 μg/mL) and low (12.5 μg/mL) doses. We demonstrated that high-dose ZnO NPs caused severe cytotoxicity with altered metabolism of amino acids, nucleotides, nucleosides, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipids, inflammation/redox, and fatty acid oxidation, as well as the elevation of toxic and DNA damage related metabolites. Fewer metabolomic alterations were induced by low-dose ZnO NPs. However, most metabolites significantly altered by high-dose ZnO NPs were also slightly changed by low-dose ZnO NPs. On the other hand, the cells exposed to SiO2, TiO2, and CeO2 NPs at either high or low dose displayed low cytotoxicity with similar metabolomic alterations, although each type of NPs induced distinct changes of certain metabolites. These three NPs significantly affected the metabolic pathways of sphingosine-1-phosphate, fatty acid oxidation, folate cycle, inflammation/redox, and lipid metabolism. In addition, dose-dependent effects were observed for a number of metabolites significantly altered by respective MOx NPs. Representative metabolites of the significantly altered metabolic pathways were successfully validated in vitro using enzymatic assays. More importantly, these representative metabolites were further validated in a mouse model after lung exposure to respective NPs, indicating that in vitro metabolomic findings may be used to effectively predict the toxicological effects in vivo. Despite functional assay results demonstrating that the changes in cellular functions were largely reflected by the metabolomic alterations, LC-MS-based metabolomics was sensitive enough to detect the subtle metabolomic changes when functional cellular assays showed no significant difference. Collectively, our studies have unveiled potential metabolic mechanisms of MOx NP-induced nanotoxicity in lung epithelial cells and demonstrated the sensitivity and feasibility of using metabolomic signatures to understand and predict nanotoxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Bingbing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , 2 Linggong Road , 116024 , Dalian , China
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, California NanoSystems Institute , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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Characterization of Redox-Responsive LXR-Activating Nanoparticle Formulations in Primary Mouse Macrophages. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203751. [PMID: 31635211 PMCID: PMC6833070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the transcription factor liver X receptor (LXR) has beneficial effects on macrophage lipid metabolism and inflammation, making it a potential candidate for therapeutic targeting in cardiometabolic disease. While small molecule delivery via nanomedicine has promising applications for a number of chronic diseases, questions remain as to how nanoparticle formulation might be tailored to suit different tissue microenvironments and aid in drug delivery. In the current study, we aimed to compare the in vitro drug delivering capability of three nanoparticle (NP) formulations encapsulating the LXR activator, GW-3965. We observed little difference in the base characteristics of standard PLGA-PEG NP when compared to two redox-active polymeric NP formulations, which we called redox-responsive (RR)1 and RR2. Moreover, we also observed similar uptake of these NP into primary mouse macrophages. We used the transcript and protein expression of the cholesterol efflux protein and LXR target ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) as a readout of GW-3956-induced LXR activation. Following an initial acute uptake period that was meant to mimic circulating exposure in vivo, we determined that although the induction of transcript expression was similar between NPs, treatment with the redox-sensitive RR1 NPs resulted in a higher level of ABCA1 protein. Our results suggest that NP formulations responsive to cellular cues may be an effective tool for targeted and disease-specific drug release.
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Xiao Y, Meierhofer D. Glutathione Metabolism in Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression and Implications for Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3672. [PMID: 31357507 PMCID: PMC6696504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A significantly increased level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger glutathione (GSH) has been identified as a hallmark of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The proposed mechanism for increased GSH levels is to counteract damaging ROS to sustain the viability and growth of the malignancy. Here, we review the current knowledge about the three main RCC subtypes, namely clear cell RCC (ccRCC), papillary RCC (pRCC), and chromophobe RCC (chRCC), at the genetic, transcript, protein, and metabolite level and highlight their mutual influence on GSH metabolism. A further discussion addresses the question of how the manipulation of GSH levels can be exploited as a potential treatment strategy for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Hayes AJ, Melrose J. Glycosaminoglycan and Proteoglycan Biotherapeutics in Articular Cartilage Protection and Repair Strategies: Novel Approaches to Visco‐supplementation in Orthobiologics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Hayes
- Bioimaging Research HubCardiff School of BiosciencesCardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AX Wales UK
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSW Sydney Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research LaboratoriesKolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital and The Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney St. Leonards NSW 2065 Australia
- Sydney Medical SchoolNorthernRoyal North Shore HospitalSydney University St. Leonards NSW 2065 Australia
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Campbell MD, Duan J, Samuelson AT, Gaffrey MJ, Merrihew GE, Egertson JD, Wang L, Bammler TK, Moore RJ, White CC, Kavanagh TJ, Voss JG, Szeto HH, Rabinovitch PS, MacCoss MJ, Qian WJ, Marcinek DJ. Improving mitochondrial function with SS-31 reverses age-related redox stress and improves exercise tolerance in aged mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:268-281. [PMID: 30597195 PMCID: PMC6588449 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and exercise intolerance are major contributors to reduced quality of life in the elderly for which there are few effective treatments. We tested whether enhancing mitochondrial function and reducing mitochondrial oxidant production with SS-31 (elamipretide) could restore redox balance and improve skeletal muscle function in aged mice. Young (5 mo) and aged (26 mo) female C57BL/6Nia mice were treated for 8-weeks with 3 mg/kg/day SS-31. Mitochondrial function was assessed in vivo using 31P and optical spectroscopy. SS-31 reversed age-related decline in maximum mitochondrial ATP production (ATPmax) and coupling of oxidative phosphorylation (P/O). Despite the increased in vivo mitochondrial capacity, mitochondrial protein expression was either unchanged or reduced in the treated aged mice and respiration in permeabilized gastrocnemius (GAS) fibers was not different between the aged and aged+SS-31 mice. Treatment with SS-31 also restored redox homeostasis in the aged skeletal muscle. The glutathione redox status was more reduced and thiol redox proteomics indicated a robust reversal of cysteine S-glutathionylation post-translational modifications across the skeletal muscle proteome. The gastrocnemius in the age+SS-31 mice was more fatigue resistant with significantly greater mass compared to aged controls. This contributed to a significant increase in treadmill endurance compared to both pretreatment and untreated control values. These results demonstrate that the shift of redox homeostasis due to mitochondrial oxidant production in aged muscle is a key factor in energetic defects and exercise intolerance. Treatment with SS-31 restores redox homeostasis, improves mitochondrial quality, and increases exercise tolerance without an increase in mitochondrial content. Since elamipretide is currently in clinical trials these results indicate it may have direct translational value for improving exercise tolerance and quality of life in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jicheng Duan
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | | | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | | | - Jarrett D Egertson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Theo K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ronald J Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Collin C White
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Joachim G Voss
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | | | - Michael J MacCoss
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - David J Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Mnatsakanyan R, Shema G, Basik M, Batist G, Borchers CH, Sickmann A, Zahedi RP. Detecting post-translational modification signatures as potential biomarkers in clinical mass spectrometry. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 15:515-535. [PMID: 29893147 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1483340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous diseases are caused by changes in post-translational modifications (PTMs). Therefore, the number of clinical proteomics studies that include the analysis of PTMs is increasing. Combining complementary information-for example changes in protein abundance, PTM levels, with the genome and transcriptome (proteogenomics)-holds great promise for discovering important drivers and markers of disease, as variations in copy number, expression levels, or mutations without spatial/functional/isoform information is often insufficient or even misleading. Areas covered: We discuss general considerations, requirements, pitfalls, and future perspectives in applying PTM-centric proteomics to clinical samples. This includes samples obtained from a human subject, for instance (i) bodily fluids such as plasma, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid, (ii) primary cells such as reproductive cells, blood cells, and (iii) tissue samples/biopsies. Expert commentary: PTM-centric discovery proteomics can substantially contribute to the understanding of disease mechanisms by identifying signatures with potential diagnostic or even therapeutic relevance but may require coordinated efforts of interdisciplinary and eventually multi-national consortia, such as initiated in the cancer moonshot program. Additionally, robust and standardized mass spectrometry (MS) assays-particularly targeted MS, MALDI imaging, and immuno-MALDI-may be transferred to the clinic to improve patient stratification for precision medicine, and guide therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzanna Mnatsakanyan
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany
| | - Gerta Shema
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany
| | - Mark Basik
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada.,c University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8Z 7X8 , Canada.,d Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia , V8P 5C2 , Canada.,e Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3T 1E2 , Canada
| | - Albert Sickmann
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany.,f Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum , 44801 Bochum , Germany.,g Department of Chemistry , College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen AB24 3FX , Scotland , United Kingdom
| | - René P Zahedi
- a Protein Dynamics , Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V , Dortmund , 44227 , Germany.,b Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology , Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H4A 3T2 , Canada.,e Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3T 1E2 , Canada
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Abstract
Understanding the cellular basis of human health and disease requires the spatial resolution of microscopy and the molecular-level details provided by spectroscopy. This review highlights imaging methods at the intersection of microscopy and spectroscopy with applications in cell biology. Imaging methods are divided into three broad categories: fluorescence microscopy, label-free approaches, and imaging tools that can be applied to multiple imaging modalities. Just as these imaging methods allow researchers to address new biological questions, progress in biological sciences will drive the development of new imaging methods. We highlight four topics in cell biology that illustrate the need for new imaging tools: nanoparticle-cell interactions, intracellular redox chemistry, neuroscience, and the increasing use of spheroids and organoids. Overall, our goal is to provide a brief overview of individual imaging methods and highlight recent advances in the use of microscopy for cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, Georgia 30043, USA
| | - Christine K Payne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA;
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Sufi SA, Pajaniradje S, Mukherjee V, Rajagopalan R. Redox Nano-Architectures: Perspectives and Implications in Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:762-785. [PMID: 29334759 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Efficient targeted therapy with minimal side-effects is the need of the hour. Locally altered redox state is observed in several human ailments, such as inflammation, sepsis, and cancer. This has been taken advantage of in designing redox-responsive nanodrug carriers. Redox-responsive nanosystems open a door to a multitude of possibilities for the control of diseases over other drug delivery systems. Recent Advances: The first-generation nanotherapy relies on novel properties of nanomaterials to shield the drug and deliver it to the diseased tissue or organ. The second generation is based on targeting the drug or diagnostic material to the diseased cell-specific receptors, or to a particular organ to improve the efficacy of the drug. The third and the latest generation of nanocarriers, the stimuli-responsive nanocarriers exploit the disease condition or environment to specifically deliver the drug or diagnostic probe for the best diagnosis and treatment. Several different kinds of stimuli such as temperature, magnetic field, pH, and altered redox state-responsive nanosystems have educed immense promise in the field of nanomedicine and therapy. CRITICAL ISSUES We describe the evolution of nanomaterial since its inception with an emphasis on stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, especially redox-sensitive nanocarriers. Importantly, we discuss the future perspectives of redox-responsive nanocarriers and their implications. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Redox-responsive nanocarriers achieve a near-to-zero premature release of the drug, thus avoiding off-site toxicity associated with the free drug. This bears great potential for the development of more effective drug delivery with better pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Akhtar Sufi
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.,2 DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Sankar Pajaniradje
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Victor Mukherjee
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.,2 DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Rukkumani Rajagopalan
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.,2 DBT-Interdisciplinary Program in Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Bartolini D, Torquato P, Piroddi M, Galli F. Targeting glutathione S-transferase P and its interactome with selenium compounds in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:130-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Jayaram DT, Kumar A, Kippner LE, Ho PY, Kemp ML, Fan Y, Payne CK. TiO2 nanoparticles generate superoxide and alter gene expression in human lung cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25039-25047. [PMID: 35321350 PMCID: PMC8939877 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04037d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2 nanoparticles are widely used in consumer products and industrial applications, yet little is understood regarding how the inhalation of these nanoparticles impacts long-term health. This is especially important for the occupational safety of workers who process these materials. We used RNA sequencing to probe changes in gene expression and fluorescence microscopy to image intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human lung cells incubated with low, non-cytotoxic, concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles. Experiments were designed to measure changes in gene expression following an acute exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles and changes inherited by progeny cells. We observe that TiO2 nanoparticles lead to significant (>2000 differentially expressed genes) changes in gene expression following a 24 hour incubation. Following this acute exposure, the response dissipates with only 34 differentially expressed genes in progeny cells. The progeny cells adapt to this initial exposure, observed when re-challenged with a second acute TiO2 nanoparticle exposure. Accompanying these changes in gene expression is the production of intracellular ROS, specifically superoxide, along with changes in oxidative stress-related genes. These experiments suggest that TiO2 nanoparticles adapt to oxidative stress through transcriptional changes over multiple generations of cells. Human lung cells have a multi-generational response to TiO2 nanoparticle exposure determined by RNA-Seq and fluorescence microscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya T. Jayaram
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
- Duke University
- Durham
- USA
| | - Ashwath Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Linda E. Kippner
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Po-Yi Ho
- School of Biological Sciences
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Melissa L. Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University
- Atlanta
- USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
| | - Yuhong Fan
- School of Biological Sciences
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
| | - Christine K. Payne
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
- Duke University
- Durham
- USA
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Cai X, Dong J, Liu J, Zheng H, Kaweeteerawat C, Wang F, Ji Z, Li R. Multi-hierarchical profiling the structure-activity relationships of engineered nanomaterials at nano-bio interfaces. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4416. [PMID: 30356046 PMCID: PMC6200803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nano-bio interfaces. However, current nano-SARs are often based on univariate assessments and fail to provide tiered views on ENM-induced bio-effects. Here we report a multi-hierarchical nano-SAR assessment for a representative ENM, Fe2O3, by metabolomics and proteomics analyses. The established nano-SAR profile allows the visualizing of the contributions of seven basic properties of Fe2O3 to its diverse bio-effects. For instance, although surface reactivity is responsible for Fe2O3-induced cell migration, the inflammatory effects of Fe2O3 are determined by aspect ratio (nanorods) or surface reactivity (nanoplates). These nano-SARs are examined in THP-1 cells and animal lungs, which allow us to decipher the detailed mechanisms including NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-dependent signaling. This study provides more insights for nano-SARs, and may facilitate the tailored design of ENMs to render them desired bio-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jun Dong
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430000 China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Huizhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chitrada Kaweeteerawat
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Nueng, 12120 Thailand
| | - Fangjun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxia Ji
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Living Proof, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142 United States
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
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Mendoza RP, Brown JM. Engineered nanomaterials and oxidative stress: current understanding and future challenges. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018; 13:74-80. [PMID: 31263794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are being incorporated at an unprecedented rate into consumer and biomedical products. This increased usage will ultimately lead to increased human exposure; therefore, understanding ENM safety is an important concern to the public. Although ENMs may exert toxicity through multiple mechanisms, one common mechanism of toxicity recognized across a range of ENMs with varying physicochemical properties is oxidative stress. Further, it is recognized that several key physicochemical properties of ENMs including size, material composition, surface chemistry, band gap, and level of ionic dissolution for example contribute to ENM driven oxidative stress. While it has been shown that exposure of cells to ENMs at high acute doses produce reactive oxygen species at a toxic level often leading to cytotoxicity, there is little research looking at oxidative stress caused by ENM exposure at more relevant low or non-toxic doses. Although the former can lead to apoptosis, genotoxicity, and inflammation, the latter can potentially be damaging as chronic changes to the intracellular redox state leads to cellular reprogramming, resulting in disease initiation and progression among other systemic damage. This current opinions article will review the physicochemical properties and mechanisms associated with ENM-driven oxidative stress and will discuss the need for research investigating effects on the redox proteome that may lead to cellular dysfunction at low or chronic doses of ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Mendoza
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jared M Brown
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Zhang T, Gaffrey MJ, Thrall BD, Qian WJ. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics for system-level characterization of biological responses to engineered nanomaterials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6067-6077. [PMID: 29947897 PMCID: PMC6119095 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of engineered nanomaterials or nanotechnology makes the characterization of biological responses to nanomaterials an important area of research. The application of omics approaches, such as mass spectrometry-based proteomics, has revealed new insights into the cellular responses of exposure to nanomaterials, including how nanomaterials interact and alter cellular pathways. In addition, exposure to engineered nanomaterials often leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species and cellular oxidative stress, which implicates a redox-dependent regulation of cellular responses under such conditions. In this review, we discuss quantitative proteomics-based approaches, with an emphasis on redox proteomics, as a tool for system-level characterization of the biological responses induced by engineered nanomaterials. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Matthew J Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Brian D Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
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Guo C, Ma R, Liu X, Chen T, Li Y, Yu Y, Duan J, Zhou X, Li Y, Sun Z. Silica nanoparticles promote oxLDL-induced macrophage lipid accumulation and apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:570-579. [PMID: 29533793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), a marker of hyperlipidemia, plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis through the induction of macrophage-derived foam cell formation and thereafter apoptosis. Previous studies have indicated that silica nanoparticle (SiNPs) may exert a proatherogenic role, which could induce endothelial dysfunction, and monocytes infiltration. However, little is known about SiNPs' effects on macrophage-derived foam cell formation and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of SiNPs and oxLDL coexposure on macrophage-derived lipid metabolism, foam cell and apoptosis by using Raw264.7 cells. As a result, SiNPs enhanced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and lipid accumulation upon oxLDL stimulation. Furthermore, quantitative determination of the expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol influx or efflux showed significantly up-regulated expressions of CD36 and SRA, whereas down-regulated expressions of ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ABCG1, and SRB1 in oxLDL-treated macrophages, especially upon the co-exposure with SiNPs. It indicated that SiNPs promoted lipid accumulation in macrophage cells through not only facilitating cholesterol influx but also inhibiting cholesterol efflux. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is specialized for the production, modification, even trafficking of lipids. Interestingly, ER response was triggered upon oxLDL treatment, while SiNPs coexposure augmented the ER stress. Taken together, our results revealed that SiNPs promoted oxLDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation and apoptosis, which may be mediated by ER stress signaling. Thus we propose future researches needed for a better understanding of NPs' toxicity and their interactions with various pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Foyer CH, Wilson MH, Wright MH. Redox regulation of cell proliferation: Bioinformatics and redox proteomics approaches to identify redox-sensitive cell cycle regulators. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:137-149. [PMID: 29605447 PMCID: PMC6146653 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant stem cells are the foundation of plant growth and development. The balance of quiescence and division is highly regulated, while ensuring that proliferating cells are protected from the adverse effects of environment fluctuations that may damage the genome. Redox regulation is important in both the activation of proliferation and arrest of the cell cycle upon perception of environmental stress. Within this context, reactive oxygen species serve as 'pro-life' signals with positive roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and survival. However, very little is known about the metabolic mechanisms and redox-sensitive proteins that influence cell cycle progression. We have identified cysteine residues on known cell cycle regulators in Arabidopsis that are potentially accessible, and could play a role in redox regulation, based on secondary structure and solvent accessibility likelihoods for each protein. We propose that redox regulation may function alongside other known posttranslational modifications to control the functions of core cell cycle regulators such as the retinoblastoma protein. Since our current understanding of how redox regulation is involved in cell cycle control is hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding both which residues are important and how modification of those residues alters protein function, we discuss how critical redox modifications can be mapped at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Michael H Wilson
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Megan H Wright
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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