1
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Huo D, Li G. Bi-Directional Full-Color Generation and Tri-Channel Information Encoding Based on a Plasmonic Metasurface. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1160. [PMID: 38998765 PMCID: PMC11243537 DOI: 10.3390/nano14131160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic optical structural color is always desired in various display applications and usually involves active materials. Full-color generation, especially bi-directional full-color generation in both reflective and transmissive modes, without any active materials included, has rarely been investigated. Herein, we demonstrate a scheme of bi-directional full-color generation based on a plasmonic metasurface modulated by the rotation of the polarization angle of the incident light without varying the geometry and the optical properties of the materials and the environment where the metasurface resides. The metasurface unit cell consists of plasmonic modules aligning in three directions and is patterned in a square array. The metasurface structural color device is numerically confirmed to generate full colors in both reflection and transmission. Based on the proposed polarization-dependent structural color, the information encoding process is demonstrated for three multiplexed animal images and quick-responsive (QR) codes to verify the efficient information encoding and decoding of the proposed scheme. In the simulation, the animals can be seen under different polarization incidences, and the QR codes can be successfully decoded by the polarization rotation in transmission. The proposed bi-directional full-color generation metasurface has great potential in applications such as kaleidoscope generation, anti-counterfeiting, dynamic color display, and optical information encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewang Huo
- Intelligent Optical Imaging and Sensing Group, Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Intelligent Optical Imaging and Sensing Group, Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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2
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Yang S, Li L, Xiang R, Liu J. Stretchable structural colors with polarization dependence using lithium niobate metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:6776-6790. [PMID: 38439375 DOI: 10.1364/oe.515566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Independently tunable biaxial color pixels, composed of isolated nanosquare dimers, are demonstrated in this study. These pixels are capable of displaying a full range of colors under a linear-polarization dependent reflection mode. The metasurface is constructed by arranging LiNbO3 nanodimers on a PDMS substrate. By exciting a strong magnetic dipole (MD) resonance and effectively suppressing other multipolar resonances using surface lattice resonances, the researchers achieved a single reflection peak with a bandwidth of less than 9 nm and a reflective efficiency of up to 99%. Additionally, the stretchability of the PDMS substrate allows for active and continuous tuning of the metasurface by up to 40% strain, covering almost 150 nm of the visible light spectrum and enabling changes in reflection color. This metasurface holds potential applications in various fields, such as color displays, data storage, and anti-counterfeiting technologies.
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3
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Wang P, Krasavin AV, Liu L, Jiang Y, Li Z, Guo X, Tong L, Zayats AV. Molecular Plasmonics with Metamaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15031-15081. [PMID: 36194441 PMCID: PMC9562285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular plasmonics, the area which deals with the interactions between surface plasmons and molecules, has received enormous interest in fundamental research and found numerous technological applications. Plasmonic metamaterials, which offer rich opportunities to control the light intensity, field polarization, and local density of electromagnetic states on subwavelength scales, provide a versatile platform to enhance and tune light-molecule interactions. A variety of applications, including spontaneous emission enhancement, optical modulation, optical sensing, and photoactuated nanochemistry, have been reported by exploiting molecular interactions with plasmonic metamaterials. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the developments of molecular plasmonics with metamaterials. After a brief introduction to the optical properties of plasmonic metamaterials and relevant fabrication approaches, we discuss light-molecule interactions in plasmonic metamaterials in both weak and strong coupling regimes. We then highlight the exploitation of molecules in metamaterials for applications ranging from emission control and optical modulation to optical sensing. The role of hot carriers generated in metamaterials for nanochemistry is also discussed. Perspectives on the future development of molecular plasmonics with metamaterials conclude the review. The use of molecules in combination with designer metamaterials provides a rich playground both to actively control metamaterials using molecular interactions and, in turn, to use metamaterials to control molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Alexey V. Krasavin
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Lufang Liu
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Yunlu Jiang
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
- Jiaxing
Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing & Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing314000, China
- Intelligent
Optics & Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing314000, China
| | - Limin Tong
- State Key
Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science
and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Anatoly V. Zayats
- Department
of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King’s College London, Strand, LondonWC2R 2LS, U.K.
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4
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Zundel L, Deop-Ruano JR, Martinez-Herrero R, Manjavacas A. Lattice Resonances Excited by Finite-Width Light Beams. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31431-31441. [PMID: 36092601 PMCID: PMC9453969 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures support collective lattice resonances, which give rise to optical responses that are, at the same time, stronger and more spectrally narrow than those of the localized plasmons of the individual nanostructures. Despite the extensive research effort devoted to investigating the optical properties of lattice resonances, the majority of theoretical studies have analyzed them under plane-wave excitation conditions. Such analysis not only constitutes an approximation to realistic experimental conditions, which require the use of finite-width light beams, but also misses a rich variety of interesting behaviors. Here, we provide a comprehensive study of the response of periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures when excited by finite-width light beams under both paraxial and nonparaxial conditions. We show how as the width of the light beam increases, the response of the array becomes more collective and converges to the plane-wave limit. Furthermore, we analyze the spatial extent of the lattice resonance and identify the optimum values of the light beam width to achieve the strongest optical responses. We also investigate the impact that the combination of finite-size effects in the array and the finite width of the light beam has on the response of the system. Our results provide a solid theoretical framework to understand the excitation of lattice resonances by finite-width light beams and uncover a set of behaviors that do not take place under plane-wave excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Zundel
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Juan R. Deop-Ruano
- Instituto
de Óptica (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Manjavacas
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
- Instituto
de Óptica (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Vinnacombe-Willson GA, Conti Y, Jonas SJ, Weiss PS, Mihi A, Scarabelli L. Surface Lattice Plasmon Resonances by Direct In Situ Substrate Growth of Gold Nanoparticles in Ordered Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2205330. [PMID: 35903851 PMCID: PMC9549758 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Precise arrangements of plasmonic nanoparticles on substrates are important for designing optoelectronics, sensors and metamaterials with rational electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Bottom-up synthesis offers unmatched control over morphology and optical response of individual plasmonic building blocks. Usually, the incorporation of nanoparticles made by bottom-up wet chemistry starts from batch synthesis of colloids, which requires time-consuming and hard-to-scale steps like ligand exchange and self-assembly. Herein, an unconventional bottom-up wet-chemical synthetic approach for producing gold nanoparticle ordered arrays is developed. Water-processable hydroxypropyl cellulose stencils facilitate the patterning of a reductant chemical ink on which nanoparticle growth selectively occurs. Arrays exhibiting lattice plasmon resonances in the visible region and near infrared (quality factors of >20) are produced following a rapid synthetic step (<10 min), all without cleanroom fabrication, specialized equipment, or self-assembly, constituting a major step forward in establishing in situ growth approaches. Further, the technical capabilities of this method through modulation of the particle size, shape, and array spacings directly on the substrate are demonstrated. Ultimately, establishing a fundamental understanding of in situ growth has the potential to inform the fabrication of plasmonic materials; opening the door for in situ growth fabrication of waveguides, lasing platforms, and plasmonic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A Vinnacombe-Willson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ylli Conti
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Steven J Jonas
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Agustín Mihi
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Leonardo Scarabelli
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
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6
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Moon CW, Kim Y, Hyun JK. Active electrochemical high-contrast gratings as on/off switchable and color tunable pixels. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3391. [PMID: 35697694 PMCID: PMC9192692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To be viable for display applications, active structural colors must be electrically tunable, on/off switchable, and reversible. Independently controlling the first two functions, however, is difficult because of causality that ties the real and imaginary parts of the optical constants or changing overlap of fields during structural variations. Here, we demonstrate an active reflective color pixel that encompasses separate mechanisms to achieve both functions reversibly by electrochemically depositing and dissolving Cu inside the dielectric grating slits on a Pt electrode with ΔV < 3 V. Varying the modal interference via Cu occupancy in the slits changes the CIE space coverage by up to ~72% under cross-polarized imaging. In the same pixel, depolarization and absorption by the dissolving porous Cu switches the color off with a maximum contrast of ~97%. Exploiting these results, we demonstrate an active color-switching display and individually addressable on/off pixel matrix that highlights their potential in reflective display applications. Two key display operations, color tuning and on/off switching, are achieved with reflective structural colors by changing the modal interference conditions and absorption via electrochemical control of Cu occupancy inside dielectric grating slits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheon Woo Moon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngji Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jerome Kartham Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Badloe T, Kim J, Kim I, Kim WS, Kim WS, Kim YK, Rho J. Liquid crystal-powered Mie resonators for electrically tunable photorealistic color gradients and dark blacks. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:118. [PMID: 35487908 PMCID: PMC9054757 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Taking inspiration from beautiful colors in nature, structural colors produced from nanostructured metasurfaces have shown great promise as a platform for bright, highly saturated, and high-resolution colors. Both plasmonic and dielectric materials have been employed to produce static colors that fulfil the required criteria for high-performance color printing, however, for practical applications in dynamic situations, a form of tunability is desirable. Combinations of the additive color palette of red, green, and blue enable the expression of further colors beyond the three primary colors, while the simultaneous intensity modulation allows access to the full color gamut. Here, we demonstrate an electrically tunable metasurface that can represent saturated red, green, and blue pixels that can be dynamically and continuously controlled between on and off states using liquid crystals. We use this to experimentally realize ultrahigh-resolution color printing, active multicolor cryptographic applications, and tunable pixels toward high-performance full-color reflective displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevon Badloe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohoon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sik Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Sung Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ki Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology (NINT), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Chen D, Zhao Z, Jiang N, Zhu H, Zhao S, Tan P, Wei D, Zheng H, Shen C. Tunable Polarized Microcavity Characterized by Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectrum. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3244-3250. [PMID: 35385286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tunable resonator is a powerful building block in fields like color filtering and optical sensing. The control of its polarization characteristics can significantly expand the applications. Nevertheless, the methods for resonator dynamic tuning are limited. Here, a magnetically regulated circular polarized resonant microcavity is demonstrated with an ultrathin ferrimagnetic composite metal layer Ta/CoTb. We successfully tuned the cavity resonant frequency and polarization performance. A huge magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) signal (∼3.41%) is observed, and the microcavity valley position shifts 5.41 nm when a small magnetic field is applied. This resonant cavity has two-stable states at 0 T due to the magnetic remanence of CoTb film and can be switched using a tiny magnetic field (∼0.01 T). Our result shows that the ferrimagnetic film-based tunable microcavity can be a highly promising candidate for on-chip magneto-optical (MO) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pingheng Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dahai Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Houzhi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Zhang W, Craddock TJ, Li Y, Swartzlander M, Alfano RR, Shi L. Fano resonance line shapes in the Raman spectra of tubulin and microtubules reveal quantum effects. BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2022; 2:100043. [PMID: 36425084 PMCID: PMC9680776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2021.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules are self-assembling biological nanotubes made of the protein tubulin that are essential for cell motility, cell architecture, cell division, and intracellular trafficking. They demonstrate unique mechanical properties of high resilience and stiffness due to their quasi-crystalline helical structure. It has been theorized that this hollow molecular nanostructure may function like a quantum wire where optical transitions can take place, and photoinduced changes in microtubule architecture may be mediated via changes in disulfide or peptide bonds or stimulated by photoexcitation of tryptophan, tyrosine, or phenylalanine groups, resulting in subtle protein structural changes owing to alterations in aromatic flexibility. Here, we measured the Raman spectra of a microtubule and its constituent protein tubulin both in dry powdered form and in aqueous solution to determine if molecular bond vibrations show potential Fano resonances, which are indicative of quantum coupling between discrete phonon vibrational states and continuous excitonic many-body spectra. The key findings of this work are that we observed the Raman spectra of tubulin and microtubules and found line shapes characteristic of Fano resonances attributed to aromatic amino acids and disulfide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Travis J.A. Craddock
- Clinical Systems Biology Group, Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Computer Science, and Clinical Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Robert R. Alfano
- Institute for Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Lasers, Department of Physics, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Prezgot D, Tatarchuk SW, Ianoul A. Plasmonic color generation in silver nanocrystal‐over‐mirror films by thermal embedment into a polymer spacer. NANO SELECT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Prezgot
- Department of Chemistry Carleton University Ottawa Canada
| | | | - Anatoli Ianoul
- Department of Chemistry Carleton University Ottawa Canada
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11
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Li Z, Deng L, Deng J, He Z, Tao J, Zheng G, Yu S. Metasurface-enabled three-in-one nanoprints by multifunctional manipulations of light. iScience 2021; 24:103510. [PMID: 34917896 PMCID: PMC8669004 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In metasurface-based ultra-compact image display, color-nanoprints, gray-imaging elements, and binary-pattern-imaging elements are three different types of nanoprints, implemented with different mechanisms of light manipulation. Here, we show the three functional elements can be integrated together to form a "three-in-one" nanoprint with negligible crosstalk, merely with a single-cell nanostructured design approach. Specifically, by decoupling spectrum and polarization-assisted intensity manipulations of incident light, the proposed metasurface appears as a dual-color nanoprint under a broadband unpolarized light source illumination, while simultaneously displaying an independent continuous gray image and another binary-pattern in an orthogonal-polarization optical setup with different polarization controls. Our approach can increase the system integration and security of metasurfaces, which can be of interest to many advanced applications such as data storage, optical information encoding, high-end optical anti-counterfeiting, and optical information hiding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zile Li
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liangui Deng
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Juan Deng
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhixue He
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks, China Information Communication Technologies Group Corporation (CICT), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks, China Information Communication Technologies Group Corporation (CICT), Wuhan 430074, China
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12
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Caligiuri V, Patra A, De Santo MP, Forestiero A, Papuzzo G, Aceti DM, Lio GE, Barberi R, De Luca A. Hybrid Plasmonic/Photonic Nanoscale Strategy for Multilevel Anticounterfeit Labels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49172-49183. [PMID: 34632778 PMCID: PMC8532117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Innovative goods authentication strategies are of fundamental importance considering the increasing counterfeiting levels. Such a task has been effectively addressed with the so-called physical unclonable functions (PUFs), being physical properties of a system that characterize it univocally. PUFs are commonly implemented by exploiting naturally occurring non-idealities in clean-room fabrication processes. The broad availability of classic paradigm PUFs, however, makes them vulnerable. Here, we propose a hybrid plasmonic/photonic multilayered structure working as a three-level strong PUF. Our approach leverages on the combination of a functional nanostructured surface, a resonant response, and a unique chromatic signature all together in one single device. The structure consists of a resonant cavity, where the top mirror is replaced with a layer of plasmonic Ag nanoislands. The naturally random spatial distribution of clusters and nanoparticles formed by this deposition technique constitutes the manufacturer-resistant nanoscale morphological fingerprint of the proposed PUF. The presence of Ag nanoislands allows us to tailor the interplay between the photonic and plasmonic modes to achieve two additional security levels. The first one is constituted by the chromatic response and broad iridescence of our structures, while the second by their rich spectral response, accessible even through a common smartphone light-emitting diode. We demonstrate that the proposed architectures could also be used as an irreversible and quantitative temperature exposure label. The proposed PUFs are inexpensive, chip-to-wafer-size scalable, and can be deposited over a variety of substrates. They also hold a great promise as an encryption framework envisioning morpho-cryptography applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Caligiuri
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 31C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, via
P. Bucci, 31D, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Aniket Patra
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 31C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova (GE), Italy
| | - Maria P. De Santo
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 31C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, via
P. Bucci, 31D, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Agostino Forestiero
- CNR-ICAR,
Institute for High Performance and Networking, via P. Bucci 8-9c, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Papuzzo
- CNR-ICAR,
Institute for High Performance and Networking, via P. Bucci 8-9c, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Dante M. Aceti
- Institute
of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72, Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Giuseppe E. Lio
- CNR-INO
and European Laboratory for Non Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara, 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze (FI), Italy
| | - Riccardo Barberi
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 31C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, via
P. Bucci, 31D, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 31C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
- CNR
Nanotec UOS Rende, via
P. Bucci, 31D, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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13
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Heiderscheit TS, Oikawa S, Sanders S, Minamimoto H, Searles EK, Landes CF, Murakoshi K, Manjavacas A, Link S. Tuning Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Intensity Enhancement Using Hexagonal Lattice Arrays of Gold Nanodisks. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2516-2522. [PMID: 33667339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy shows promise as a technique for mapping chemical reactions on single nanoparticles. The technique's spatial resolution is limited by the quantum yield of the emission and the diffusive nature of the ECL process. To improve signal intensity, ECL dyes have been coupled with plasmonic nanoparticles, which act as nanoantennas. Here, we characterize the optical properties of hexagonal arrays of gold nanodisks and how they impact the enhancement of ECL from the coreaction of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(II) hexahydrate and tripropylamine. We find that varying the lattice spacing results in a 23-fold enhancement of ECL intensity because of increased dye-array near-field coupling as modeled using finite element method simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Heiderscheit
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shunpei Oikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Stephen Sanders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Hiro Minamimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Emily K Searles
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Alejandro Manjavacas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
- Instituto de Óptica (IO-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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14
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Zhu S, Xu Z, Zhang H, Yang K, Wang N, Liu H, Wang Y, Xia J, Huang L. Liquid crystal integrated metadevice for reconfigurable hologram displays and optical encryption. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:9553-9564. [PMID: 33820380 DOI: 10.1364/oe.419914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of metasurface research in recent years is to apply metasurface to reality applications and improve the performance compared to its counterpart, namely conventional optical elements with the same function. Inspired by the application of electrically addressing spatial light modulator (EA-SLM) and based on the binary holographic algorithm, here we propose a reconfigurable metadevice integrated with the nematic liquid crystal (NLC). The smart metadevice directly uses the subwavelength antennas as the main contributor to the phase accumulation instead of the NLC layer. By applying different electrical modulation patterns on the NLC, the metadevice can realize the function of dynamic holographic display as traditional SLMs but features in smaller size, higher resolution and lager field of view. In addition, we improved the existing computer-generated hologram algorithm to generate three holograms with quantitative correlation and also propose a new optical encryption method based on our metadevice. The encryption method needs four elements in total to decrypt and can fully meets the requirements of the various encrypted content. We believe such metadevice paves the way for the new generation of micro-optical display and optical encryption devices.
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15
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Xuan Z, Li J, Liu Q, Yi F, Wang S, Lu W. Artificial Structural Colors and Applications. Innovation (N Y) 2021; 2:100081. [PMID: 34557736 PMCID: PMC8454771 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural colors are colors generated by the interaction between incident light and nanostructures. Structural colors have been studied for decades due to their promising advantages of long-term stability and environmentally friendly properties compared with conventional pigments and dyes. Previous studies have demonstrated many artificial structural colors inspired by naturally generated colors from plants and animals. Moreover, many strategies consisting of different principles have been reported to achieve dynamically tunable structural colors. Furthermore, the artificial structural colors can have multiple functions besides decoration, such as absorbing solar energy, anti-counterfeiting, and information encryption. In the present work, we reviewed the typical artificial structural colors generated by multilayer films, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces according to the type of structures, and discussed the approaches to achieve dynamically tunable structural colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-saving Coatings, Shanghai 200083, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Junyu Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-saving Coatings, Shanghai 200083, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fei Yi
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-saving Coatings, Shanghai 200083, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-saving Coatings, Shanghai 200083, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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16
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Wang J, Wu Z, Wei J, Hu J, Yu H, Su G, Hu L, Yan X, Zhan P, Liu F. Improving Aluminum Ultraviolet Plasmonic Activity through a 1 nm ta-C Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7672-7679. [PMID: 33512139 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) can actively support plasmonic response in the ultraviolet (UV) range compared to noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag) and thus has broad applications including UV sensing, displays, and photovoltaics. High-quality Al films with no oxidation are essential and critical in these applications. However, Al is very prone to fast oxidation in air, which critically depends on the fabrication process. Here, we report that by leveraging the in situ sputter etching and sputter deposition of a 1 nm tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film on the Al nanostructures, Al plasmonic activity can be improved. The prior sputter etching process greatly reduces the oxidized layer of the Al films, and the subsequent sputter deposition of ta-C keeps Al oxidation-free. The ta-C film outperforms the naturally passivated Al2O3 layer on the Al film because the ta-C film has a denser structure, higher permittivity, and better biocompatibility. Therefore, it can effectively improve the plasmonic response of Al and be beneficial to molecule sensing, which is proved in our experiments and is also verified in simulations. Our results can enable the various applications based on plasmon resonance in the UV range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiu Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Junhan Wei
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Junzheng Hu
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Huikang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
| | - Guangxu Su
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Lumang Hu
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Peng Zhan
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Fanxin Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, P. R. China
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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17
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Cuartero-González A, Sanders S, Zundel L, Fernández-Domínguez AI, Manjavacas A. Super- and Subradiant Lattice Resonances in Bipartite Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11876-11887. [PMID: 32794729 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lattice resonances, the collective modes supported by periodic arrays of metallic nanoparticles, give rise to very strong and spectrally narrow optical responses. Thanks to these properties, which emerge from the coherent multiple scattering enabled by the periodic ordering of the array, lattice resonances are used in a variety of applications such as nanoscale lasing and biosensing. Here, we investigate the lattice resonances supported by bipartite nanoparticle arrays. We find that, depending on the relative position of the two particles within the unit cell, these arrays can support lattice resonances with a super- or subradiant character. While the former result in large values of reflectance with broad lineshapes due to the increased radiative losses, the latter give rise to very small linewidths and maximum absorbance, consistent with a reduction of the radiative losses. Furthermore, by analyzing the response of arrays with finite dimensions, we demonstrate that the subradiant lattice resonances of bipartite arrays require a much smaller number of elements to reach a given quality factor than the lattice resonances of arrays with single-particle unit cells. The results of this work, in addition to advancing our knowledge of the optical response of periodic arrays of nanostructures, provide an efficient approach to obtain narrow lattice resonances that are robust to fabrication imperfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Cuartero-González
- Departamento de Fı́sica Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephen Sanders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Lauren Zundel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Antonio I Fernández-Domínguez
- Departamento de Fı́sica Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Manjavacas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
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18
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Neubrech F, Duan X, Liu N. Dynamic plasmonic color generation enabled by functional materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/36/eabc2709. [PMID: 32917622 PMCID: PMC7473667 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Displays are an indispensable medium to visually convey information in our daily life. Although conventional dye-based color displays have been rigorously advanced by world leading companies, critical issues still remain. For instance, color fading and wavelength-limited resolution restrict further developments. Plasmonic colors emerging from resonant interactions between light and metallic nanostructures can overcome these restrictions. With dynamic characteristics enabled by functional materials, dynamic plasmonic coloration may find a variety of applications in display technologies. In this review, we elucidate basic concepts for dynamic plasmonic color generation and highlight recent advances. In particular, we devote our review to a selection of dynamic controls endowed by functional materials, including magnesium, liquid crystals, electrochromic polymers, and phase change materials. We also discuss their performance in view of potential applications in current display technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Neubrech
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchoff-Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaoyang Duan
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchoff-Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Na Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
- 2nd Physics Institute, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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19
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Zhang F, Martin J, Murai S, Plain J, Tanaka K. Broadband scattering by an aluminum nanoparticle array as a white pixel in commercial color printing applications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:25989-25997. [PMID: 32906876 DOI: 10.1364/oe.402170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color using metallic nanostructures has attracted considerable interest because of its subwavelength resolution and long sustainability. Significant efforts have been devoted to expanding the gamut of plasmonic color generation by tuning the composition, shape, and components in the primary pixel. In this study, we develop a novel and straightforward strategy for aluminum plasmonic color printing aimed at practical commercial applications. An array of aluminum nanodisks is designed for the broadband scattering of white pixels instead of the three primary colors. Examples presented include trademark and QR codes, which are common in the market of consumer advertising and item identification, that are encoded and fabricated in experiments with aluminum white color pixels to demonstrate feasibility. This simple and efficient strategy is compatible with cost-effective industrial fabrication methods, such as photolithography and nanoimprinting, and requires relatively simpler manufacturing procedures. Therefore, a new path is opened for the future with the extensive use of plasmonic color printing.
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20
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Chen YP, Lai CC, Tsai WS. Full-color based on bismuth core-shell nanoparticles in one-step fabrication. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:24511-24525. [PMID: 32906991 DOI: 10.1364/oe.398903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic resonances in metallic nanostructures are promising for the structure-dependent color-rendering effect. In this study, bismuth is selected as an alternative plasmonic material due to its large tunable range from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared. Various sizes of core-shell bismuth nanoparticles are fabricated on a large-area silicon substrate using a one-step thermal evaporation deposition process. Particle diameters, cross-sections, and arrangement are characterized at 12 featured sections, which reveal spectral shifts and full visible colors in a hue order with a color gamut that is close to sRGB. Color palettes on the chromaticity coordinates rendered from both measured and simulation reflection spectra are in very good accordance with the microscopic image colors of all sections.
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21
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Lee Y, Yun J, Seo M, Kim SJ, Oh J, Kang CM, Sun HJ, Chung TD, Lee B. Full-Color-Tunable Nanophotonic Device Using Electrochromic Tungsten Trioxide Thin Film. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6084-6090. [PMID: 32603122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Color generation based on strategically designed plasmonic nanostructures is a promising approach for display applications with unprecedented high-resolution. However, it is disadvantageous in that the optical response is fixed once the structure is determined. Therefore, obtaining high modulation depth with reversible optical properties while maintaining its fixed nanostructure is a great challenge in nanophotonics. In this work, dynamic color tuning and switching using tungsten trioxide (WO3), a representative electrochromic material, are demonstrated with reflection-type and transmission-type optical devices. Thin WO3 films incorporated in simple stacked configurations undergo dynamic color change by the adjustment of their dielectric constant through the electrochromic principle. A large resonance wavelength shift up to 107 nm under an electrochemical bias of 3.2 V could be achieved by the reflection-type device. For the transmission-type device, on/off switchable color pixels with improved purity are demonstrated of which transmittance is modulated by up to 4.04:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Lee
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeongse Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Minjee Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sun-Je Kim
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jaehyun Oh
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54151, South Korea
| | - Chung Mu Kang
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, South Korea
| | - Ho-Jung Sun
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54151, South Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, South Korea
| | - Byoungho Lee
- Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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22
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Nanostructured Color Filters: A Review of Recent Developments. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081554. [PMID: 32784749 PMCID: PMC7466596 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Color plays an important role in human life: without it life would be dull and monochromatic. Printing color with distinct characteristics, like hue, brightness and saturation, and high resolution, are the main characteristic of image sensing devices. A flexible design of color filter is also desired for angle insensitivity and independence of direction of polarization of incident light. Furthermore, it is important that the designed filter be compatible with the image sensing devices in terms of technology and size. Therefore, color filter requires special care in its design, operation and integration. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of nanostructured color filter designs described to date and evaluate them in terms of their performance.
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23
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Spatially Broadband Coupled-Surface Plasmon Wave Assisted Transmission Effect in Azo-Dye-Doped Liquid Crystal Cell. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071357. [PMID: 32664496 PMCID: PMC7407794 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Active tuning on a plasmonic structure is discussed in this report. We examined the transient transmission effects of an azo-dye-doped liquid crystal cell on a metallic surface grating. The transition between isotropic and nematic phases in liquid crystal generated micro-domains was shown to induce the dynamic scattering of light from a He-Ne laser, thereby allowing transmission through a non-transparent aluminum film overlaying a dielectric grating. Various grating pitches were tested in terms of transmission effects. The patterned gratings include stripe ones and circular forms. Our results indicate that surface plasmon polariton waves are involved in the transmission process. We also demonstrated how momentum diagrams of gratings and Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) modes combined with Mie scattering effects could explain the broadband coupling phenomenon. This noteworthy transition process could be applied to the development of spatially broadband surface plasmon polariton coupling devices.
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24
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Klopfer E, Lawrence M, Barton DR, Dixon J, Dionne JA. Dynamic Focusing with High-Quality-Factor Metalenses. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5127-5132. [PMID: 32497434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Metasurface lenses provide an ultrathin platform in which to focus light, but weak light-matter interactions limit their dynamic tunability. Here we design submicron-thick, ultrahigh quality factor (high-Q) metalenses that enable dynamic modulation of the focal length and intensity. Using full-field simulations, we show that quality factors exceeding 5000 can be generated by including subtle, periodic perturbations within the constituent Si nanoantennas. Such high-Q resonances enable lens modulation based on the nonlinear Kerr effect, with focal lengths varying from 4 to 6.5 μm and focal intensities decreasing by half as input intensity increases from 0.1 to 1 mW/μm2. We also show how multiple high-Q resonances can be embedded in the lens response through judicious placement of the perturbations. Our high-Q lens design, with quality factors 2 orders of magnitude higher than existing lens designs, provides a foundation for reconfigurable, multiplexed, and hyperspectral metasurface imaging platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Klopfer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Mark Lawrence
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - David R Barton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jefferson Dixon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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25
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Self-assembled plasmonics for angle-independent structural color displays with actively addressed black states. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13350-13358. [PMID: 32493745 PMCID: PMC7306820 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001435117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials will enable the next generation of displays, detectors, and photovoltaic devices by interacting with light at subwavelength length scales. However, performance and practical integration with current electronic systems remain a scientific and engineering challenge. Here, we report the wafer-scale self-assembly/growth of nanoparticles which reproduce the cyan, magenta, and yellow color space. We explore the physics of the optical resonances and the advantageous properties they manifest for color filter technology, such as angle insensitivity and high saturation. The versatile formation process then enables integration with commercial devices to realize a hybrid, nanoparticle–liquid crystal reflective display. Nanostructured plasmonic materials can lead to the extremely compact pixels and color filters needed for next-generation displays by interacting with light at fundamentally small length scales. However, previous demonstrations suffer from severe angle sensitivity, lack of saturated color, and absence of black/gray states and/or are impractical to integrate with actively addressed electronics. Here, we report a vivid self-assembled nanostructured system which overcomes these challenges via the multidimensional hybridization of plasmonic resonances. By exploiting the thin-film growth mechanisms of aluminum during ultrahigh vacuum physical vapor deposition, dense arrays of particles are created in near-field proximity to a mirror. The sub-10-nm gaps between adjacent particles and mirror lead to strong multidimensional coupling of localized plasmonic modes, resulting in a singular resonance with negligible angular dispersion and ∼98% absorption of incident light at a desired wavelength. The process is compatible with arbitrarily structured substrates and can produce wafer-scale, diffusive, angle-independent, and flexible plasmonic materials. We then demonstrate the unique capabilities of the strongly coupled plasmonic system via integration with an actively addressed reflective liquid crystal display with control over black states. The hybrid display is readily programmed to display images and video.
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26
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Zhang H, Kinnear C, Mulvaney P. Fabrication of Single-Nanocrystal Arrays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904551. [PMID: 31576618 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To realize the full potential of nanocrystals in nanotechnology, it is necessary to integrate single nanocrystals into addressable structures; for example, arrays and periodic lattices. The current methods for achieving this are reviewed. It is shown that a combination of top-down lithography techniques with directed assembly offers a platform for attaining this goal. The most promising of these directed assembly methods are reviewed: capillary force assembly, electrostatic assembly, optical printing, DNA-based assembly, and electrophoretic deposition. The last of these appears to offer a generic approach to fabrication of single-nanocrystal arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyou Zhang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Calum Kinnear
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Ian Wark Laboratories, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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27
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Lu W, Chow TH, Lai SN, Zheng B, Wang J. Electrochemical Switching of Plasmonic Colors Based on Polyaniline-Coated Plasmonic Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17733-17744. [PMID: 32195574 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color generation has attracted much research interest because of the unique optical properties of plasmonic nanocrystals that are promising for chromatic applications, such as flat-panel displays, smart windows, and wearable devices. Low-cost, monodisperse plasmonic nanocrystals supporting strong localized surface plasmon resonances are favorable for the generation of plasmonic colors. However, many implementations so far have either a single static state or complexities in the particle alignment and switching mechanism for generating multiple displaying states. Herein, we report on a facile and robust approach for realizing the electrochemical switching of plasmonic colors out of colloidal plasmonic nanocrystals. The metal nanocrystals are coated with a layer of polyaniline, whose refractive index and optical absorption are reversibly switched through the variation of an applied electrochemical potential. The change in refractive index and optical absorption results in the modulation of the plasmonic scattering intensity with a depth of 11 dB. The electrochemical switching process is fast (∼5 ms) and stable (over 1000 switching cycles). A device configuration is further demonstrated for switching plasmonic color patterns in a transparent electrochemical device, which is made from indium tin oxide electrodes and a polyvinyl alcohol solid electrolyte. Our control of plasmonic colors provides a favorable platform for engineering low-cost and high-performance miniaturized optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Him Chow
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sze Nga Lai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lin YS, Dai J, Zeng Z, Yang BR. Metasurface Color Filters Using Aluminum and Lithium Niobate Configurations. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:77. [PMID: 32274605 PMCID: PMC7145885 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two designs of metasurface color filters (MCFs) using aluminum and lithium niobate (LN) configurations are proposed and numerically studied. They are denoted as tunable aluminum metasurface (TAM) and tunable LN metasurface (TLNM), respectively. The configurations of MCFs are composed of suspended metasurfaces above aluminum mirror layers to form a Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonator. The resonances of TAM and TLNM are red-shifted with tuning ranges of 100 nm and 111 nm, respectively, by changing the gap between the bottom mirror layer and top metasurface. Furthermore, the proposed devices exhibit perfect absorption with ultra-narrow bandwidth spanning the whole visible spectral range by composing the corresponding geometrical parameters. To increase the flexibility and applicability of proposed devices, TAM exhibits high sensitivity of 481.5 nm/RIU and TLNM exhibits high figure-of-merit (FOM) of 97.5 when the devices are exposed in surrounding environment with different refraction indexes. The adoption of LN-based metasurface can enhance FWHM and FOM values as 10-fold and 7-fold compared to those of Al-based metasurface, which greatly improves the optical performance and exhibits great potential in sensing applications. These proposed designs provide an effective approach for tunable high-efficiency color filters and sensors by using LN-based metamaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Jie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhuoyu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bo-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Huo P, Song M, Zhu W, Zhang C, Chen L, Lezec HJ, Lu Y, Agrawal A, Xu T. Photorealistic full-color nanopainting enabled by low-loss metasurface. OPTICA 2020; 7:10.1364/optica.403092. [PMID: 33655018 PMCID: PMC7919752 DOI: 10.1364/optica.403092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We realize a dielectric metasurface that enables full-color generation and ultrasmooth brightness variation. The reproduced artwork "Girl with a Pearl Earring" features photorealistic color representation and stereoscopic image impression, mimicking the texture of an oil-painting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Huo
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Maowen Song
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wenqi Zhu
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20877, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20877, USA
| | - Henri J. Lezec
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Yanqing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20877, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
- Corresponding author:
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30
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Zhang X, Wang M, Tang F, Zhang H, Fu Y, Liu D, Song X. Transient Electronic Depletion and Lattice Expansion Induced Ultrafast Bandedge Plasmons. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902408. [PMID: 31993295 PMCID: PMC6974950 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Strong optical excitation of plasmonic nanostructures may induce simultaneous interband and intraband electronic transitions. However, interaction mechanisms between interband, intraband, and plasmon-band processes have not been thoroughly understood. In particular, optical-heating-induced lattice expansion, which definitely leads to shift of the Fermi level, has not been taken into account in plasmonic studies. Here, it is shown that plasmonic bandedge shift is responsible for the optical modulation on the boundary between plasmonic electron oscillation and interband transitions via investigations on gold nanofilms and nanoparticles. Strong optical excitation induces transient depletion of the conduction band just below the Fermi level through intraband transitions, while the subsequent lattice heating induces transient thermal expansion and hence lowers the Fermi level. Both effects reduce the threshold for interband transitions and therefore push the plasmonic bandedge to the red. These discoveries introduce a first correlation between plasmonic response and optical excitation induced thermal expansion of lattices. The revealed Fermi-level adjustment mechanism allows alignment of electronic levels at the metal-semiconductor interfaces, which applies to all conductive materials and renders reliable physics for the design of plasmonic or optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Zhang
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and College of Applied SciencesBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and College of Applied SciencesBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Fawei Tang
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Huanzhen Zhang
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsHebei University of EngineeringHandan056038P. R. China
| | - Yulan Fu
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and College of Applied SciencesBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
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Abdolahi M, Jiang H, Kaminska B. Structural colour QR codes for multichannel information storage with enhanced optical security and life expectancy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:405301. [PMID: 31247595 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab2d3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Current schemes for encoding and decoding anticounterfeiting optical quick response (QR) codes involve miscellaneous challenges. The need for using multiple light sources to read out the wavelength-multiplexed data from optically encoded organic dyes, photoblinking from quantum dots, and autofluorescence from carbon dots are some typical examples. In order to address these restrictions, we exploited our previously devised nanoimprinting-exposure-thermal-treatment (NETT) data storage approach to present a new structural-colour-based regime for optical encoding of high-security QR codes. The angle-dependent readability of our diffraction-based nanostructures poses an enhanced optical security feature that can substitute the existing inefficient encoding strategies by eliminating the constraints associated with them. Additionally, in comparison with conventional optical encoding media, using the long-lasting photocrosslinked SU-8 in the NETT method considerably enhances the life expectancy of the proposed QR codes. Also, considering the rapid NETT-based Ni stamp origination method, which was previously introduced by our group, mass-generation of the proposed codes is feasible. Owing to the special optically variable effects provided by the nanostructures, duplication of our QR codes is very difficult. The colour code design, which embeds 766 characters in 2907 modules in red, green and blue channels, was generated and fabricated onto generic nanostructure arrays using the NETT process. The encoded information was successfully read out from the pattern using a broadband light source and a digital camera. Higher capacities are also deemed to be reachable by implementing image processing and machine learning algorithms to overcome in-channel module recognition and cross-channel interferences.
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Dai Q, Deng L, Deng J, Tao J, Yang Y, Chen M, Li Z, Li Z, Zheng G. Ultracompact, high-resolution and continuous grayscale image display based on resonant dielectric metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:27927-27935. [PMID: 31684553 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.027927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the electromagnetic resonance that happens in dielectric nanobricks can be meticulously designed to control both amplitude and polarization of light, an ultracompact, high-resolution and continuous grayscale image display method based on resonant dielectric metasurfaces is proposed. Magnetic resonance occurs in dielectric nanobricks can yield unusual high reflectivity depending on the polarization state of incident light, which paves a new way for ultracompact image display when the resonant metasurfaces consisting of nano-polarizer arrays operate. Governed by Malus's law, nano-polarizer arrays featured with different orientations have been demonstrated to continuously manipulate the intensity of linearly polarized light cell-by-cell. Hence, it can practically enable recording a high fidelity grayscale image right at the sample surface with resolution as high as 84,667 dpi (dots per inch). This proposed resonant metasurface image (meta-image) display enjoys the advantages including continuous grayscale modulation, broadband working window, high-stability and high-density, which can easily find promising applications in ultracompact displays, high-end anti-counterfeiting, high-density optical information storage and information encryption, etc.
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Manjavacas A, Zundel L, Sanders S. Analysis of the Limits of the Near-Field Produced by Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10682-10693. [PMID: 31487460 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Periodic arrays are an exceptionally interesting arrangement for metallic nanostructures because of their ability to support collective lattice resonances. These modes, which arise from the coherent multiple scattering enabled by the lattice periodicity, give rise to very strong and spectrally narrow optical responses. Here, we investigate the enhancement of the near-field produced by the lattice resonances of arrays of metallic nanoparticles when illuminated with a plane wave. We find that, for infinite arrays, this enhancement can be made arbitrarily large by appropriately designing the geometrical characteristics of the array. On the other hand, in the case of finite arrays, the near-field enhancement is limited by the number of elements of the array that interact coherently. Furthermore, we show that, as the near-field enhancement increases, the length scale over which it extends above and below the array becomes larger and its spectral linewidth narrows. We also analyze the impact that material losses have on these behaviors. As a direct application of our results, we investigate the interaction between a nanoparticle array and a dielectric slab placed a certain distance above it and show that the extraordinary near-field enhancement produced by the lattice resonance can lead to very strong interactions, even at significantly large separations. This work provides a detailed characterization of the limits of the near-field produced by lattice resonances and, therefore, advances our knowledge of the optical response of periodic arrays of nanostructures, which can be used to design and develop applications exploiting the extraordinary properties of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Manjavacas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Lauren Zundel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
| | - Stephen Sanders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico 87131 , United States
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Chen W, Guo J, Zhao Q, Gopalan P, Fafarman AT, Keller A, Zhang M, Wu Y, Murray CB, Kagan CR. Designing Strong Optical Absorbers via Continuous Tuning of Interparticle Interaction in Colloidal Gold Nanocrystal Assemblies. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7493-7501. [PMID: 31136152 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We program the optical properties of colloidal Au nanocrystal (NC) assemblies via an unconventional ligand hybridization (LH) strategy to precisely engineer interparticle interactions and design materials with optical properties difficult or impossible to achieve in bulk form. Long-chain hydrocarbon ligands used in NC synthesis are partially exchanged, from 0% to 100%, with compact thiocyanate ligands by controlling the reaction time for exchange. The resulting NC assemblies show transmittance, reflectance, optical permittivity, and direct-current (DC) resistivity that continuously traverse a dielectric-metal transition, providing analog tuning of their physical properties, unlike the digital control realized by complete exchange with ligands of varying length. Exploiting this LH strategy, we create Au NC assemblies that are strong, ultrathin film optical absorbers, as seen by a 6× increase in the extinction of infrared light compared to that in bulk Au thin films and by a temperature rise of 20 °C upon illumination with 808 nm light. Our LH strategy may be applied to the design of materials constructed from NCs of different size, shape, and composition for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aaron T Fafarman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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35
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Nineteenth-century nanotechnology: The plasmonic properties of daguerreotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13791-13798. [PMID: 31182585 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1904331116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmons, the collective oscillations of mobile electrons in metallic nanostructures, interact strongly with light and produce vivid colors, thus offering a new route to develop color printing technologies with improved durability and material simplicity compared with conventional pigments. Over the last decades, researchers in plasmonics have been devoted to manipulating the characteristics of metallic nanostructures to achieve unique and controlled optical effects. However, before plasmonic nanostructures became a science, they were an art. The invention of the daguerreotype was publicly announced in 1839 and is recognized as the earliest photographic technology that successfully captured an image from a camera, with resolution and clarity that remain impressive even by today's standards. Here, using a unique combination of daguerreotype artistry and expertise, experimental nanoscale surface analysis, and electromagnetic simulations, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the plasmonic properties of these early photographs, which can be recognized as an example of plasmonic color printing. Despite the large variability in size, morphology, and material composition of the nanostructures on the surface of a daguerreotype, we are able to identify and characterize the general mechanisms that give rise to the optical response of daguerreotypes. Therefore, our results provide valuable knowledge to develop preservation protocols and color printing technologies inspired by past ones.
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Halas NJ. Plasmonics sheds light on the nanotechnology of daguerreotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13724-13726. [PMID: 31239346 PMCID: PMC6628667 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908296116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi J Halas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005;
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
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Greybush NJ, Charipar K, Geldmeier JA, Bauman SJ, Johns P, Naciri J, Charipar N, Park K, Vaia RA, Fontana J. Dynamic Plasmonic Pixels. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3875-3883. [PMID: 30794377 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Information display utilizing plasmonic color generation has recently emerged as an alternative paradigm to traditional printing and display technologies. However, many implementations so far have either presented static pixels with a single display state or rely on relatively slow switching mechanisms such as chemical transformations or liquid crystal transitions. Here, we demonstrate spatial, spectral, and temporal control of light using dynamic plasmonic pixels that function through the electric-field-induced alignment of plasmonic nanorods in organic suspensions. By tailoring the geometry and composition (Au and Au@Ag) of the nanorods, we illustrate light modulation across a significant portion of the visible and infrared spectrum (600-2400 nm). The fast (∼30 μs), reversible nanorod alignment is manifested as distinct color changes, characterized by shifts of observed chromaticity and luminance. Integration into larger device architectures is showcased by the fabrication of a seven-segment numerical indicator. The control of light on demand achieved in these dynamic plasmonic pixels establishes a favorable platform for engineering high-performance optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Greybush
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Kristin Charipar
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Jeffrey A Geldmeier
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Stephen J Bauman
- University of Arkansas Fayetteville , 3189 Bell, 1 University of Arkansas, 800 West Dickson , Fayetteville , Arkansas 72701 , United States
| | - Paul Johns
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Jawad Naciri
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Nicholas Charipar
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Kyoungweon Park
- Air Force Research Laboratory , AFRL 2941 Hobson Way , Wright-Patterson AFB , Ohio 45433 , United States
| | - Richard A Vaia
- Air Force Research Laboratory , AFRL 2941 Hobson Way , Wright-Patterson AFB , Ohio 45433 , United States
| | - Jake Fontana
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave, SW , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
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Esposito M, Todisco F, Bakhti S, Passaseo A, Tarantini I, Cuscunà M, Destouches N, Tasco V. Symmetry Breaking in Oligomer Surface Plasmon Lattice Resonances. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1922-1930. [PMID: 30721077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel plasmonic-mode engineering, enabled by the structural symmetry of a plasmonic crystal with a metallic oligomer as unit cell. We show how the oligomer symmetry can tailor the scattering directions to spatially overlap with the diffractive orders directions of a plasmonic array. Applied to the color generation field, the presented approach enables the challenging achievement of a broad spectrum of angle-dependent colors since smooth and continuous generation of transmitted vibrant colors, covering both the cyan-magenta-yellow and the red-green-blue color spaces, is demonstrated by scattering angle- and polarization-dependent optical response. The addition of a symmetry driven level of control multiplies the possibility of optical information storage, being of potential interest for secured optical information encoding but also for nanophotonic applications, from demultiplexers or signal processing devices to on-chip optical nanocircuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Esposito
- CNR NANOTEC-Nanotechnology Institute , Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni , IT-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Francesco Todisco
- Center for Nano Optics , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
| | - Said Bakhti
- Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR 5516 , University of Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS , F-42023 , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Adriana Passaseo
- CNR NANOTEC-Nanotechnology Institute , Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni , IT-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Iolena Tarantini
- Department of Mathematics and Physics Ennio De Giorgi , University of Salento , Via Arnesano , Lecce 73100 Italy
| | - Massimo Cuscunà
- CNR NANOTEC-Nanotechnology Institute , Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni , IT-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Nathalie Destouches
- Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR 5516 , University of Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS , F-42023 , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Vittorianna Tasco
- CNR NANOTEC-Nanotechnology Institute , Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni , IT-73100 Lecce , Italy
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Xiong K, Tordera D, Jonsson MP, Dahlin AB. Active control of plasmonic colors: emerging display technologies. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:024501. [PMID: 30640724 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aaf844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of plasmonic nanostructures for color generation, a technology that dates back to ancient times. Plasmonic structural colors have several attractive features but once the structures are prepared the colors are normally fixed. Lately, several concepts have emerged for actively tuning the colors, which opens up for many new potential applications, the most obvious being novel color displays. In this review we summarize recent progress in active control of plasmonic colors and evaluate them with respect to performance criteria for color displays. It is suggested that actively controlled plasmonic colors are generally less interesting for emissive displays but could be useful for new types of electrochromic devices relying on ambient light (electronic paper). Furthermore, there are several other potential applications such as images to be revealed on demand and colorimetric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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40
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Jia H, Wu QJ, Jiang C, Wang H, Wang LQ, Jiang JZ, Zhang DX. High-transmission polarization-dependent active plasmonic color filters. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:704-711. [PMID: 30694258 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color filters, exhibiting great promise as an alternative for existing colorant-based filters, often only output one fixed color. Developing active color filters with controllable color output will lead to more compact color filter-based devices. In this paper, we present an approach to achieve active color filtering with a polarization-dependent plasmonic structural color filter, which comprises arrays of asymmetric cross-shaped nanoapertures in an ultrathin film of silver. A systematical study for aperture size, array period, and the thickness of silver film dependences of color filter properties is carried out, and strategies for polarization-dependent color filter designing are generated. A polarization-dependent and high tunability of color can be achieved by selecting the appropriate nanostructure parameters, which imply many potential applications.
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41
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Oh H, Lee J, Seo M, Baek IU, Byun JY, Lee M. Laser-Induced Dewetting of Metal Thin Films for Template-Free Plasmonic Color Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38368-38375. [PMID: 30360063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color laser printing has several advantages over pigment-based technology, including the absence of ink and toner and the production of nonfading colors. However, the current printing method requires a template that should be prepared via nanofabrication processes, making it impractical for large-area color images. In this study, we show that laser-induced dewetting of metal thin films by a nanosecond pulsed laser can be effectively utilized for plasmonic color printing. Ag, Au, and their complex films deposited on a glass substrate were dewetted into different surface structures such as droplets, rods, and ripples, depending on the incident laser energy. The resulting morphological evolutions could be explained by Rayleigh and capillary instabilities. For a bimetallic film comprising Ag nanowires coated on a Au layer, a few different plasmonic colors were generated from a single sample simply by changing the laser fluence. This provides a possible method for implementing plasmonic color laser printing without using a prepatterned template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harim Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Minseok Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - In Uk Baek
- Materials Architecture Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Korea
| | - Ji Young Byun
- Materials Architecture Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Korea
| | - Myeongkyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749 , Korea
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Blau Y, Eitan M, Egorov V, Boag A, Hanein Y, Scheuer J. In situ real-time beam monitoring with dielectric meta-holograms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:28469-28483. [PMID: 30470019 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.028469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach for performing in situ and real-time beam monitoring, based on dielectric meta-hologram, is proposed and demonstrated. The ultrathin dielectric meta-hologram projects a portion of the beam power onto a screen to provide a visual indicator of the spatial intensity distribution of a Gaussian laser beam, as well as its waist position along the optical axis. Specifically, we demonstrate simple monitoring of the spot size, astigmatism, lateral position, and position along the optical axis of the beam. Good agreement is found with both theory and conventional knife-edge beam profiler measurements. This in situ beam monitoring approach could provide a highly useful tool for numerous optical applications.
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Kim S, Kim JM, Park JE, Nam JM. Nonnoble-Metal-Based Plasmonic Nanomaterials: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704528. [PMID: 29572964 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The application scope of plasmonic nanostructures is rapidly expanding to keep pace with the ongoing development of various scientific findings and emerging technologies. However, most plasmonic nanostructures heavily depend on rare, expensive, and extensively studied noble metals such as Au and Ag, with the limited choice of elements hindering their broad and practical applications in a wide spectral range. Therefore, abundant and inexpensive nonnoble metals have attracted attention as new plasmonic nanomaterial components, allowing these nonnoble-metal-based materials to be used in areas such as photocatalysis, sensing, nanoantennas, metamaterials, and magnetoplasmonics with new compositions, structures, and properties. Furthermore, the use of nonnoble metal hybrids results in newly emerging or synergistic properties not observed from single-metal component systems. Here, the synthetic strategies and recent advances in nonnoble-metal-based plasmonic nanostructures comprising Cu, Al, Mg, In, Ga, Pb, Ni, Co, Fe, and related hybrids are highlighted, and a discussion and perspectives in their synthesis, properties, applications, and challenges are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae-Myoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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Gao Y, Huang C, Hao C, Sun S, Zhang L, Zhang C, Duan Z, Wang K, Jin Z, Zhang N, Kildishev AV, Qiu CW, Song Q, Xiao S. Lead Halide Perovskite Nanostructures for Dynamic Color Display. ACS NANO 2018; 12:8847-8854. [PMID: 30112908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprint-based color display using either extrinsic structural colors or intrinsic emission colors is a rapidly emerging research field for high-density information storage. Nevertheless, advanced applications, e. g., dynamic full-color display and secure information encryption, call for demanding requirements on in situ color change, nonvacuum operation, prompt response, and favorable reusability. By transplanting the concept of electrical/chemical doping in the semiconductor industry, we demonstrate an in situ reversible color nanoprinting paradigm via photon doping, triggered by the interplay of structural colors and photon emission of lead halide perovskite gratings. It solves the aforementioned challenges at one go. By controlling the pumping light, the synergy between interlaced mechanisms enables color tuning over a large range with a transition time on the nanosecond scale in a nonvacuum environment. Our design presents a promising realization of in situ dynamic color nanoprinting and will empower the advances in structural color and classified nanoprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Can Huang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Chenglong Hao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583 , Singapore
| | - Shang Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583 , Singapore
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Zonghui Duan
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Zhongwei Jin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583 , Singapore
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Alexander V Kildishev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583 , Singapore
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Qinghai Song
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
| | - Shumin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System , Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China
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45
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Zhang H, Cadusch J, Kinnear C, James T, Roberts A, Mulvaney P. Direct Assembly of Large Area Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7529-7537. [PMID: 30004661 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A major goal of nanotechnology is the assembly of nanoscale building blocks into functional optical, electrical, or chemical devices. Many of these applications depend on an ability to optically or electrically address single nanoparticles. However, positioning large numbers of single nanocrystals with nanometer precision on a substrate for integration into solid-state devices remains a fundamental roadblock. Here, we report fast, scalable assembly of thousands of single nanoparticles using electrophoretic deposition. We demonstrate that gold nanospheres down to 30 nm in size and gold nanorods <100 nm in length can be assembled into predefined patterns on transparent conductive substrates within a few seconds. We find that rod orientation can be preserved during deposition. As proof of high fidelity scale-up, we have created centimeter scale patterns comprising more than 1 million gold nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyou Zhang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Jasper Cadusch
- School of Physics , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Calum Kinnear
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Timothy James
- School of Physics , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
- Reserve Bank of Australia , Craigieburn , Victoria 3064 , Australia
| | - Ann Roberts
- School of Physics , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia
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46
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Design and Simulation of Active Frequency-selective Metasurface for Full-colour Plasmonic Display. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11778. [PMID: 30082819 PMCID: PMC6079087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report a full-colour plasmonic pixel by incorporating a low-index buffer layer and an EO material layer with a gap surface plasmon-based metasuface. The reflection spectra can be modulated by an external voltage bias with a reflectivity higher than 60% when filtering red, green and blue primary light. Vivid colour can be generated by mixing the three primaries in time sequence. Brightness can be tuned by the duty cycle of bright and dark state. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the switchable pixels we designed can achieve a gamut overlapping 80% area of NTSC colour space and a contrast ratio of 10.63, 26.11 and 2.97 for red, green and blue when using a white quatom-dot-enhancement-film backlit.
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Kim SJ, Seong M, Yun HW, Ahn J, Lee H, Oh SJ, Hong SH. Chemically Engineered Au-Ag Plasmonic Nanostructures to Realize Large Area and Flexible Metamaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25652-25659. [PMID: 29979023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We developed a simple and systematic method to fabricate optically tunable and thermally and chemically stable Au-Ag nanocrystal-based plasmonic metamaterials. An Ag nanocrystal-based metamaterial with desirable optical properties was fabricated via nanoimprinting and ligand-exchange process. Its optical properties were controlled by selectively substituting Ag atoms with Au atoms through a spontaneous galvanic replacement reaction. The developed Au-Ag-based metamaterials provide excellent tunable plasmonic properties required for various applications in the visible and near-infrared regions by controlling the Au-Ag composition according to the conditions of the galvanic displacement. Furthermore, their thermal and chemical stabilities significantly improved because of the protective Au thin layer on the surface. Using this developed process, chemically and thermally stable and flexible plasmonic metamaterials were successfully fabricated on a flexible polyester terephthalate substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mingi Seong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Won Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
- ICT Materials & Components Research Laboratory , ETRI , Daejeon 305-700 , Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Soong Ju Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Korea University , Anam-dong 5-1, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Hong
- ICT Materials & Components Research Laboratory , ETRI , Daejeon 305-700 , Republic of Korea
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48
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Active Color Control in a Metasurface by Polarization Rotation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8060982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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49
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Shao L, Zhuo X, Wang J. Advanced Plasmonic Materials for Dynamic Color Display. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704338. [PMID: 29125645 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic structures exhibit promising applications in high-resolution and durable color generation. Research on advanced hybrid plasmonic materials that allow dynamically reconfigurable color control has developed rapidly in recent years. Some of these results may give rise to practically applicable reflective displays in living colors with high performance and low power consumption. They will attract broad interest from display markets, compared with static plasmonic color printing, for example, in applications such as digital signage, full-color electronic paper, and electronic device screens. In this progress report, the most promising recent examples of utilizing advanced plasmonic materials for the realization of dynamic color display are highlighted and put into perspective. The performances, advantages, and disadvantages of different technologies are discussed, with emphasis placed on both the potential and possible limitations of various hybrid materials for dynamic plasmonic color display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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50
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Chen P, Liu X, Goyal G, Tran NT, Shing Ho JC, Wang Y, Aili D, Liedberg B. Nanoplasmonic Sensing from the Human Vision Perspective. Anal Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Garima Goyal
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - Nhung Thi Tran
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - James Chin Shing Ho
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Yi Wang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Daniel Aili
- Division of Molecular Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
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