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Wei J, Yi Z, Yang L, Zhang L, Yang J, Qin M, Cao S. Photonic crystal gas sensors based on metal-organic frameworks and polymers. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4901-4916. [PMID: 38979999 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00764f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
A photonic crystal (PC) is an optical microstructure with an adjustable dielectric constant. The PC sensor was deemed a powerful tool for gas molecule detection due to its excellent sensitivity, stability, online use and tailorable optical performance. The detection signals are generated by monitoring the changes of the photonic band gap when the sensing behavior occurs. Recently, many efforts have been devoted to improving the PC sensor's detection performance and reducing technical costs by selecting and refining functional materials. In this case, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a large specific surface, tunable structural properties and polymers with unique swelling properties have attracted increasingly attention. In this review, a systematic review of PC gas sensors based on MOFs and polymers was carried out for the first time. Firstly, the optical properties and gas sensing mechanism of PCs were briefly summarized. Secondly, a detailed discussion of the structural properties and rapid preparation methods of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), opals and inverse opals (IOPCs) was presented. Thirdly, the recent advances in MOF, polymer and MOF/polymer-based PC sensors over the past few years were summarized. It should be noted that the sensitivity and selectivity enhancement strategy by appropriate material species selection, organic ligand functionalization, metal-ion doping, diverse functional material arrays, and multi-component compounding were analyzed in detail. Finally, prospects on PC gas sensors are given in terms of preparation methods, material functionalization and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhihao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Junchao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Molin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, China.
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2
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Li J, Yu X, Zhang J, Jin J, Pan Y, Ji X, Jiang W. Well-Ordered Nanoparticles/Block Copolymer Nanosheets with a Controllable Location of Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39049156 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Precisely controlling the spatial distributions and arrangements of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into block copolymers is of great importance for fabricating novel nanomaterials with the desired optical and electronic properties. Herein, we develop a simple yet versatile strategy to prepare organic/inorganic nanosheets formed by the coassembly of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) and PS tethered gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@PS) within emulsion droplets. The arrangement of the AuNPs@PS building blocks within the block copolymers (BCP)/AuNPs nanosheets can be adjusted by tuning the effective size ratio (λeff), which can be controlled by the core diameter of the AuNPs and the molecular weight of the PS. Furthermore, the content of the AuNPs is also another essential parameter to manipulate the structures of the nanosheets with the specific λeff. Thus, the BCP/AuNPs hybrid nanosheets with controllable distributions and arrangements of the AuNPs were successfully prepared via tuning of λeff and the content of AuNPs. This study provides a facile way to fabricate well-ordered hybrid nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Yanxiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiangling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
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3
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Yuan Q, Zhang M, Wang D, Lv Y, Liu S, Mi HY, Han J, Liu C, Shen C. Solution-Processed One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Based on Hollow Silica Exhibiting High Refractive Index Contrast. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29141-29152. [PMID: 38773701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Poor interfacial quality and low refractive index contrast (Δn) are critical challenges for the development of high-performance one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPhCs) via solution methods that impede their optical efficiency. Herein, we introduce an innovative approach by hybridizing hollow SiO2 with poly(vinyl alcohol), referred to as PHS, followed by alternate assembly with TiO2 via spin-coating, achieving a 1DPhC with Δn = 0.76 at the wavelength of 550 nm. This method circumvents the need for high-temperature treatment and complex curing conditions, resulting in a 1DPhC with superior interfacial and optical characteristics. By adjusting the thickness of the PHS layers, we can finely tune the reflectance spectrum, attaining over 99% reflectance at the photonic band gap. Furthermore, 1DPhC demonstrates excellent adhesion to polycarbonate substrates and retains its optimal optical performance even after rigorous environmental testing, including hygrothermal cycles, exposure to hot water, friction, and solvent sonication. This research paves the way for the facile fabrication of high-performance 1DPhCs under mild conditions, offering new perspectives for photonic material processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Minglu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yan Lv
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hao-Yang Mi
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jian Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Changyu Shen
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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4
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Heo J, Seo S, Yun H, Ku KH. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle self-assembly at complex fluid interfaces: a new insight into dynamic surface chemistry. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3951-3968. [PMID: 38319675 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembly of core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) at fluid interfaces is a rapidly evolving area with tremendous potential in various fields, including biomedicine, display devices, catalysts, and sensors. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the current state-of-the-art in the programmed design of stimuli-responsive NP assemblies, with a specific focus on inorganic core/organic shell NPs below 100 nm for their responsive adsorption properties at fluid and polymer interfaces. The interface properties, such as ligands, charge, and surface chemistry, play a significant role in dictating the forces and energies governing both NP-NP and NP-hosting matrix interactions. We highlight the fundamental principles governing the reversible surface chemistry of NPs and present detailed experimental examples in the following three key aspects of stimuli-responsive NP assembly: (i) stimuli-driven assembly of NPs at the air/liquid interface, (ii) reversible NP assembly at the liquid/liquid interface, including films and Pickering emulsions, and (iii) hybrid NP assemblies at the polymer/polymer and polymer/water interfaces that exhibit stimuli-responsive behaviors. Finally, we address current challenges in existing approaches and offer a new perspective on the advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Heo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seunghwan Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Clyde DRM, Cortie DL, Granville S, Ware DC, Brothers PJ, Malmström J. Nanoscale Magnetic Arrays through Block Copolymer Templating of Polyoxometalates. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2165-2174. [PMID: 38329906 PMCID: PMC10885194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoarrays promise to enable new energy-efficient computations based on spintronics or magnonics. In this work, we present a block copolymer-assisted strategy for fabricating ordered magnetic nanostructures on silicon and permalloy substrates. Block copolymer micelle-like structures were used as a template in which polyoxometalate (POM) clusters could assemble in an opal-like structure. A combination of microscopy and scattering techniques was used to confirm the structural and organizational features of the fabricated materials. The magnetic properties of these materials were investigated by polarized neutron reflectometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and magnetometry measurements. The data show that a magnetic structural design was achieved and that a thin layer of patterned POMs strongly influenced an underlying permalloy layer. This work demonstrates that the bottom-up pathway is a potentially viable method for patterning magnetic substrates on a sub-100 nm scale, toward the magnetic nanostructures needed for spintronic or magnonic crystal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R M Clyde
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - David L Cortie
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Simon Granville
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - David C Ware
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Penelope J Brothers
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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Hartmann F, Bitsch M, Niebuur BJ, Koch M, Kraus T, Dietz C, Stark RW, Everett CR, Müller-Buschbaum P, Janka O, Gallei M. Self-Assembly of Polymer-Modified FePt Magnetic Nanoparticles and Block Copolymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5503. [PMID: 37629794 PMCID: PMC10455748 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of nanocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles is gaining interest as a model for application in small electronic devices. The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) makes these materials ideal for use as a soft matrix to support the structural ordering of the nanoparticles. In this work, a high-molecular-weight polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymer (PS-b-PMMA) was synthesized through anionic polymerization. The influence of the addition of different ratios of PMMA-coated FePt nanoparticles (NPs) on the self-assembled morphology was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The self-assembly of the NPs inside the PMMA phase at low particle concentrations was analyzed statistically, and the negative effect of higher particle ratios on the lamellar BCP morphology became visible. The placement of the NPs inside the PMMA phase was also compared to theoretical descriptions. The magnetic addressability of the FePt nanoparticles inside the nanocomposite films was finally analyzed using bimodal magnetic force microscopy and proved the magnetic nature of the nanoparticles inside the microphase-separated BCP films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hartmann
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bitsch
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM—Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (B.-J.N.); (M.K.); (T.K.)
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Dietz
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.D.); (R.W.S.)
| | - Robert W. Stark
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.D.); (R.W.S.)
| | - Christopher R. Everett
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.R.E.); (P.M.-B.)
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Chair for Functional Materials, Department of Physics, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.R.E.); (P.M.-B.)
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Oliver Janka
- Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
| | - Markus Gallei
- Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (F.H.); (M.B.)
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Wu X, Wang J, Han J, Xie Y, Ge X, Liao J, Yi Y. Design of Suspended Slot Racetrack Microring Refractive Index Sensor Based on Polymer Nanocomposite. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092113. [PMID: 37177257 PMCID: PMC10180560 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, polymer nanocomposites have attracted great interest due to their remarkable characteristics of high performance and enabling production of low-cost devices. This article explores the reflective index sensing application of the polymer nanocomposite IOC-133, which is a TiOx/polymer nanocomposite with a reflective index between 1.8 and 1.9. Considering the material properties of high reflective index, low absorption loss, and compatibility with nanoimprint lithography, a microring-based reflective index sensor with a suspended slot waveguide structure is proposed. We combined the sensing mechanism of slot waveguides with high reflective index polymer nanocomposites and designed the suspended structure to address the problem of decreasing sensitivity caused by residual layers. The sensing device was adopted as a microring resonator, which is conducive to large-scale integration. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was employed to analyze the effects of several key parameters. The results showed that the racetrack microring sensor we propose can achieve a high sensitivity of 436 nm/RIU (Refractive Index Units), about six times higher than the microring sensor with a ridge waveguide. The Q factor of the microring reaches 1.42 × 104, and the detection limit is 1.38 × 10-4 RIU. The proposed suspended slot microring sensor has potential value in the field of nanoprinted photonic integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihan Wu
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jiachen Han
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yuqi Xie
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Xuyang Ge
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jianzhi Liao
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yunji Yi
- College of Integrated Circuits and Optoelectronic Chips, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
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Kim DH, Kwon HG, Choi HK. Dewetting-Induced Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers Templated by Colloidal Crystals. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040897. [PMID: 36850181 PMCID: PMC9961777 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in high-performance flexible electronic devices have increased the demand for more diverse and complex nanofabrication methods; high-resolution, high-efficiency, and low-cost patterning strategies for next-generation devices are therefore required. In this study, we demonstrate the formation of dewetting-induced hierarchical patterns using two self-assembled materials: block copolymers (BCPs) and colloidal crystals. The combination of the two self-assembly methods successfully generates multiscale hierarchical patterns because the length scales of the periodic colloidal crystal structures are suitable for templating the BCP patterns. Various concentric ring patterns were observed on the templated BCP films, and a free energy model of the polymer chain was applied to explain the formation of these patterns relative to the template width. Frequently occurring spiral-defective features were also examined and found to be promoted by Y-junction defects.
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Park TH, Yu S, Park J, Park C. Interactive structural color displays of nano-architectonic 1-dimensional block copolymer photonic crystals: FOCUS ISSUE REVIEW. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2156256. [PMID: 36632347 PMCID: PMC9828630 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2156256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For changing environmental circumstances, interactive structural color (SC) observation is a promising strategy to store and express external information. SCs based on self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystals have been a research focus due to their facile and diverse nanostructures relying on the volume ratio of blocks. Their unique nano-architectonics can reflect incident light due to constructive interference of the two different dielectric constituents. Their excellent ability to change nano-architectonics in response to external stimuli (i.e. humidity, temperature, pH, and mechanical force) allows for a programmable and stimuli-interactive BCP SC display. In this review, recent advances in programmable and stimuli-interactive SC displays with the 1-dimensional self-assembled BCP nano-architectonics are comprehensively discussed. First, this review focuses on the development of programmable BCP SCs that can store various information. Second, stimuli-interactive BCP SCs capable of responding reversibly to external stimuli are also addressed. Particularly, reversible BCP SC changes are suitable for rewritable displays and emerging human-interactive BCP SC displays that detect various human information through changes in electric signals with the simultaneous alteration of the BCP SCs. Based on previously reported literature, the current challenges in this research field are further discussed, and the perspective for future development is presented in terms of material, nano-architectonics, and process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Park
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Seunggun Yu
- Insulation Materials Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xu Z, Dong Q, Zhang L, Li W. Enhanced dielectric permittivity of hierarchically double-gyroid nanocomposites via macromolecular engineering of block copolymers. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15275-15280. [PMID: 36222383 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04516h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It is a challenging task to realize the periodically bicontinuous gyroid nanostructures of flexible nanocomposites with high loading of functionalized nanoparticles, which could exhibit high dielectric permittivity for energy storage and electronic devices. Herein, with the aid of the concept of macromolecular engineering, we propose novel nanocomposites, composed of A'(A''B)n miktoarm star copolymers and nanoparticles, to obtain a double-gyroid structure through self-consistent field theory coupled with density functional theory. By tailoring the architecture of this copolymer, a large window of the double-gyroid phase extending to a high loading concentration of nanoparticles is achieved, leading to a hierarchical structure of a percolation network of nanoparticles within the gyroid channels. Furthermore, the finite difference quasielectrostatic method is integrated to reveal an enhanced dielectric permittivity of the structured nanocomposites by increasing the loading concentration of nanoparticles. The simultaneous achievement of an ordered double-gyroid phase and high loading nanoparticles represents a crucial step toward the realization of fully three-dimensional network-like metamaterials via a rational molecular design of nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Qingshu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Liangshun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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11
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Yu YG, Ko JH, An JH, Kang BG, Song YM, Lee JS. Self-assembly of POSS-Polystyrene Bottlebrush Block Copolymers on an Angle-Robust Selective Absorber for Enhancing the Purity of Reflective Structural Color. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44753-44761. [PMID: 36075087 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach for improving color purity is explored by the introduction of an angle-robust selective absorber (ARSA) into bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP)-based one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs). The BBCPs of poly[(3-(12-(cis-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboximido)dodecanoylamino)propyl POSS)-block-(norbornene-graft-styrene)], Px (x = 1-4), with ultrahigh molecular weights (Mn ∼ 2260 kDa) and low dispersities (D̵ ∼ 1.07) are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The 1D PCs of the lamellar structure are fabricated by self-assembly of the BBCP with different periodicities for full color-generation (blue, green, and red). The optically tailored substrate (i.e., ARSA) is used to modulate the spectral line shape with selective absorption in the near-infrared range. Optical simulation proposes the optimized 1D PC structures on the ARSA, and it provides the reproducibility of the predictable color. The simulated structures are well matched with the experimental results, verifying the enhancement of color saturation even at various incident angles (0-70°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Ko
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun An
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Goo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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12
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Navarro L, Thünemann AF, Yokosawa T, Spiecker E, Klinger D. Regioselective Seeded Polymerization in Block Copolymer Nanoparticles: Post-Assembly Control of Colloidal Features. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208084. [PMID: 35790063 PMCID: PMC9544770 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Post-assembly modifications are efficient tools to adjust colloidal features of block copolymer (BCP) particles. However, existing methods often address particle shape, morphology, and chemical functionality individually. For simultaneous control, we transferred the concept of seeded polymerization to phase separated BCP particles. Key to our approach is the regioselective polymerization of (functional) monomers inside specific BCP domains. This was demonstrated in striped PS-b-P2VP ellipsoids. Here, polymerization of styrene preferably occurs in PS domains and increases PS lamellar thickness up to 5-fold. The resulting asymmetric lamellar morphology also changes the particle shape, i.e., increases the aspect ratio. Using 4-vinylbenzyl azide as co-monomer, azides as chemical functionalities can be added selectively to the PS domains. Overall, our simple and versatile method gives access to various multifunctional BCP colloids from a single batch of pre-formed particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Navarro
- Institute of PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise Straße 2–414195BerlinGermany
| | - Andreas F. Thünemann
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany
| | - Tadahiro Yokosawa
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) &Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNFCauerstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) &Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNFCauerstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of PharmacyFreie Universität BerlinKönigin-Luise Straße 2–414195BerlinGermany
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13
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Navarro L, Thünemann AF, Yokosawa T, Spiecker E, Klinger D. Regioselective Seeded Polymerization in Block Copolymer Nanoparticles: Post‐Assembly Control of Colloidal Features. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Navarro
- Freie Universitat Berlin Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy GERMANY
| | - Andreas F. Thünemann
- Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und -prufung Division 6.5 Synthesis and Scattering of Nanostructure GERMANY
| | - Tadahiro Yokosawa
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM) GERMANY
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM) GERMANY
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Freie Universitat Berlin Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4 14195 Berlin GERMANY
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14
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Ji W, Huang Z, Kentzinger E, Rücker U, Brückel T, Xiao Y. Nanoparticle-induced morphological transformation in block copolymer-based nanocomposites. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8766-8775. [PMID: 35674291 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01625g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
By controlling the chemical composition and the spatial organization of nanoparticles, hybrid nanocomposites incorporating ordered arrangements of nanoparticles could be endowed with exotic physical and chemical properties to fulfill demands in advanced electronics or energy-harvesting devices. However, a simple method to fabricate hybrid nanocomposites with precise control of nanoparticle distribution is still challenging. We demonstrate that block copolymer-based nanocomposites containing well-ordered nanoparticles with various morphologies can be readily obtained by adjusting the nanoparticle concentration. Moreover, the structural evolution of nanocomposite thin films as a function of nanoparticle loading is unveiled using grazing-incidence transmission small-angle X-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy. The morphological transformation proceeds through a phase transition from perforated lamellae to in-plane cylinder layout, followed by structural changes. The successful achievement of a variety of morphologies represents an effective and straightforward approach to producing functional hybrid nanocomposites for potential applications in various functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhai Ji
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, China.
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Zhongyuan Huang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, China.
| | - Emmanuel Kentzinger
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rücker
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brückel
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Yinguo Xiao
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055 Shenzhen, China.
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15
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Blosch SE, Scannelli SJ, Alaboalirat M, Matson JB. Complex Polymer Architectures Using Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization: Synthesis, Applications, and Practical Considerations. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Blosch
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Samantha J. Scannelli
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Mohammed Alaboalirat
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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16
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Seong HG, Chen Z, Emrick T, Russell TP. Reconfiguration and Reorganization of Bottlebrush Polymer Surfactants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200530. [PMID: 35224828 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bottlebrush random copolymers (BRCPs), having randomly distributed hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains, are shown to reconfigure into hydrophilic-rich and hydrophobic-rich conformations at liquid-liquid interfaces to reduce interfacial energy. Both the degree of polymerization (NBB ) and extent of grafting in these BRCPs were found to impact surface coverage and assembly kinetics. The time-dependence of the interfacial tension is described as the sum of two exponential relaxation functions characterizing BRCP diffusion, interfacial adsorption, and reorganization. Interfacial tension (γ) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) results showed that higher molecular weight BRCPs require longer time to adsorb to the water-oil interface, but less time for interfacial reorganization. Overall, this work describes fundamental principles of BRCP assembly at liquid-liquid interfaces, with implications pertaining to polymer design with enhanced understanding of emulsification, adhesion, and related properties in fluids and at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Gyu Seong
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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17
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Yuan T, Li Y, Song DP. Interfacial Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Core-Shell Bottlebrush Block Copolymers Toward Responsive Photonic Balls Bearing Ionic Channels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200188. [PMID: 35436806 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photonic balls can be facilely obtained through interfacial self-assembly of amphiphilic bottlebrush block polymers (BBCPs) within a water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) multiple emulsion system, and polystyrene (PS) has been employed as the skeleton of the balls showing no responsive properties. Here, we demonstrate the design and synthesis of core-shell BBCPs with a poly(tert-butyl acrylate)-block-polystyrene (PtBA-b-PS) block copolymer as the hydrophobic side chains and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the hydrophilic block. Interfacial self-assembly of the core-shell BBCPs within shrinking droplets produces porous microspheres with full-spectrum structural colors through an organized spontaneous emulsification (OSE) process. The PtBA core wrapped by PS in the skeleton of the balls can be converted into polyacrylic acid (PAA) forming an ionic channel responsive to pH variations. Consequently, the hydrolyzed photonic balls show different colors under different pH conditions dependent on varied degrees of ionization and hydration of the PAA channel. Reflected colors can be verified using an optical spectrometer, providing an effective strategy for precise pH indication. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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18
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Cappelletti C, Olaechea LM, Ianiro A, Prado-Martínez C, Oveisi E, Weder C, Schrettl S. Metallosupramolecular polymers as precursors for platinum nanocomposites. Polym Chem 2022; 13:1880-1890. [PMID: 35432604 PMCID: PMC8962995 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites comprising a polymer matrix and metallic nanoparticles (NPs) can merge the structural features of the matrix material with the functional characteristics of the NPs. While such materials are promising for a wide range of applications, their preparation typically requires multi-step processes that can be difficult to control. Alternatively, materials with NPs can be directly accessed in a controlled manner by exploiting zero-valent metallosupramolecular polymer (MSP) precursors. We here report how the nature of the polymer and its molecular weight affect the nanocomposite formation and structure. Poly(tetrahydrofuran)-based macromonomers with suitable ligands are used to prepare MSPs based on bis(η2-alkyne)platinum(0) complexes. Heating these materials causes disassembly of the complexes and, upon the release of Pt0-atoms, Pt-NPs form in the matrix polymer. The Pt content in the MSP influences the NP formation and thereby the characteristics of the nanocomposites. It is also possible to trigger the complex dissociation and NP formation by exposure to UV light. This allows photolithographic processing and thus the preparation of nanocomposites that contain Pt-NPs in a spatially controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Cappelletti
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Luis M Olaechea
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Ianiro
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Cristina Prado-Martínez
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, EPFL 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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19
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He Q, Vijayamohanan H, Li J, Swager TM. Multifunctional Photonic Janus Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5661-5667. [PMID: 35297624 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photonic Janus particles with a sphere fused to a cone are created from the phase separation of dendronized brush block copolymers (den-BBCP) and poly(4-vinylpyridine)-r-polystyrene (P4VP-r-PS) during the solvent evaporation of oil-in-water emulsions. Rapid self-assembly of den-BBCP generates well-ordered lamellar structures stacking along the long axis of the particles, producing structural colors that are dependent on the incident light angle. The colors are tunable over the visible spectrum by varying the molecular weight of den-BBCP. The P4VP-r-PS phase can undergo further surface modifications to produce multifunctional photonic Janus particles. Specifically, real-time magnetic control of the reflected color is achieved by coating the P4VP-r-PS phase with citric acid-capped Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Charged biomolecules (i.e., antibodies) are electrostatically immobilized to the Fe3O4 coating for potential applications in biosensing. As a demonstration, a new photonic sensor for the foodborne pathogen Salmonella is developed with antibody-modified photonic Janus particles, where the angle-dependent structural color plays a key role in the sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Harikrishnan Vijayamohanan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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20
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Seong H, Chen Z, Emrick T, Russell TP. Reconfiguration and Reorganization of Bottlebrush Polymer Surfactants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Gyu Seong
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department Conte Center for Polymer Research University of Massachusetts 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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21
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Patel BB, Walsh DJ, Patel K, Kim DH, Kwok JJ, Guironnet D, Diao Y. Rapid, interface-driven domain orientation in bottlebrush diblock copolymer films during thermal annealing. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1666-1677. [PMID: 35133377 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01634b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Favorable polymer-substrate interactions induce surface orientation fields in block copolymer (BCP) melts. In linear BCP processed near equilibrium, alignment of domains generally persists for a small number of periods (∼4-6 D0) before randomization of domain orientation. Bottlebrush BCP are an emerging class of materials with distinct chain dynamics stemming from substantial molecular rigidity, enabling rapid assembly at ultrahigh (>100 nm) domain periodicities with strong photonic properties (structural color). This work assesses interface-induced ordering in PS-b-PLA bottlebrush diblock copolymer films during thermal annealing between planar surfaces. To clearly observe the decay in orientational order from surface to bulk, we choose to study micron-scale films spanning greater than 200 lamellar periods. In situ optical microscopy and transmission UV-Vis spectroscopy are used to monitor photonic properties during annealing and paired with ex situ UV-Vis reflection measurement, cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to probe the evolution of domain microstructure. Photonic properties were observed to saturate within minutes of annealing at 150 °C, with distinct variation in transmission response as a function of film thickness. The depth of the highly aligned surface region was found to vary stochastically in the range of 30-100 lamellar periods, with the sharpness of the orientation gradient decreasing substantially with increasing film thickness. This observation suggests a competition between growth of aligned, heterogeneously nucleated, grains at the surface and orientationally isotropic, homogeneously nucleated, grains throughout the bulk. This work demonstrates the high potential of bottlebrush block copolymers in rapid fabrication workflows and provides a point of comparison for future application of directed self-assembly to BBCP ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijal B Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Dylan J Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Kush Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Justin J Kwok
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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22
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Yasir M, Sai T, Sicher A, Scheffold F, Steiner U, Wilts BD, Dufresne ER. Enhancing the Refractive Index of Polymers with a Plant-Based Pigment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103061. [PMID: 34558188 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are essential components of many nanostructured materials. However, the refractive indices of common polymers fall in a relatively narrow range between 1.4 and 1.6. Here, it is demonstrated that loading commercially-available polymers with large concentrations of a plant-based pigment can effectively enhance their refractive index. For polystyrene (PS) loaded with 67 w/w% β-carotene (BC), a peak value of 2.2 near the absorption edge at 531 nm is achieved, while maintaining values above 1.75 across longer wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Despite high pigment loadings, this blend maintains the thermoforming ability of PS, and BC remains molecularly dispersed. Similar results are demonstrated for the plant-derived polymer ethyl cellulose (EC). Since the refractive index enhancement is intimately connected to the introduction of strong absorption, it is best suited to applications where light travels short distances through the material, such as reflectors and nanophotonic systems. Enhanced reflectance from films is experimentally demonstrated, as large as sevenfold for EC at selected wavelengths. Theoretical calculations highlight that this simple strategy can significantly increase light scattering by nanoparticles and enhance the performance of Bragg reflectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasir
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tianqi Sai
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alba Sicher
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Scheffold
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ullrich Steiner
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bodo D Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Eric R Dufresne
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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23
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Perli G, Wang Q, Braga CB, Bertuzzi DL, Fontana LA, Soares MCP, Ruiz J, Megiatto JD, Astruc D, Ornelas C. Self-Assembly of a Triazolylferrocenyl Dendrimer in Water Yields Nontraditional Intrinsic Green Fluorescent Vesosomes for Nanotheranostic Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12948-12954. [PMID: 34291930 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The promising field of nanomedicine stimulates a continuous search for multifunctional nanotheranostic systems for imaging and drug delivery. Herein, we demonstrate that application of supramolecular chemistry's concepts in dendritic assemblies can enable the formation of advanced dendrimer-based nanotheranostic devices. A dendrimer bearing 81 triazolylferrocenyl terminal groups adopts a more compact shell-like structure in polar solvents with the ferrocenyl peripheral groups backfolding toward the hydrophobic dendrimer interior, while exposing the more polar triazole moieties as the dendritic shell. Akin to lipids, the compact dendritic structure self-assembles into uniform nanovesicles that in turn self-assemble into larger vesosomes in water. The vesosomes emit green nontraditional intrinsic fluorescence (NTIL), which is an emerging property as there are no classical fluorophores in the dendritic macromolecular structure. This work confirms the hypothesis that the NTIL emission is greatly enhanced by rigidification of the supramolecular assemblies containing heteroatomic subluminophores (HASLs) and by the presence of electron rich functional groups on the periphery of dendrimers. This work is the first one detecting NTIL in ferrocenyl-terminated dendrimers. Moreover, the vesosomes are stable in biological medium, are uptaken by cells, and show cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. Accordingly, the self-organization of these dendrimers into tertiary structures promotes the emergence of new properties enabling the same component, in this case, ferrocenyl group, to function as both antitumoral drug and fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Perli
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Qi Wang
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Carolyne B Braga
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego L Bertuzzi
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Liniquer A Fontana
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco C P Soares
- Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices, Rua Mendeleyev 200, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-860 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaime Ruiz
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jackson D Megiatto
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Didier Astruc
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Catia Ornelas
- Institute of Chemistry, Rua Josue de Castro, Cidade Universitaria Zeferino Vaz, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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24
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Robertson M, Zhou Q, Ye C, Qiang Z. Developing Anisotropy in Self-Assembled Block Copolymers: Methods, Properties, and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100300. [PMID: 34272778 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) self-assembly has continually attracted interest as a means to provide bottom-up control over nanostructures. While various methods have been demonstrated for efficiently ordering BCP nanodomains, most of them do not generically afford control of nanostructural orientation. For many applications of BCPs, such as energy storage, microelectronics, and separation membranes, alignment of nanodomains is a key requirement for enabling their practical use or enhancing materials performance. This review focuses on summarizing research progress on the development of anisotropy in BCP systems, covering a variety of topics from established aligning techniques, resultant material properties, and the associated applications. Specifically, the significance of aligning nanostructures and the anisotropic properties of BCPs is discussed and highlighted by demonstrating a few promising applications. Finally, the challenges and outlook are presented to further implement aligned BCPs into practical nanotechnological applications, where exciting opportunities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Robertson
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Qingya Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Changhuai Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
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25
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Aviv Y, Altay E, Rzayev J, Shenhar R. Assembly of Bottlebrush Block Copolymers and Nanoparticles in Ultrathin Films: Effect of Substrate–Copolymer Interaction on the Nanocomposite Morphology. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Aviv
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Esra Altay
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Javid Rzayev
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Roy Shenhar
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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26
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Li X, Wang B, Liu QJ, Zhao R, Song DP, Li Y. Supersoft Elastic Bottlebrush Microspheres with Stimuli-Responsive Color-Changing Properties in Brine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6744-6753. [PMID: 34036783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solvent-free supersoft elastomer is highly desirable for building photonic structures with significant stimuli-responsive color changes. We report supersoft elastic porous microspheres with vivid structural colors obtained via self-assembly of amphiphilic bottlebrush block copolymers at the water/oil interface templated by ordered water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions. The porous structure is composed of cross-linked bottlebrush polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the supersoft elastic skeleton and bottlebrush poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as the internal responsive layer. The obtained microspheres show large reversible volume changes through well-controlled dehydration or hydration of PEO in response to salt ions in an aqueous environment. As a result, full-spectrum colors are obtained dependent on different salt concentrations. In-situ observation of color reflection of a microsphere indicates a gradual structural transition from the outside to the inside corresponding to migration of water molecules and salt ions. Moreover, rod-like bottlebrush PEO exhibits an anion-induced salting-out behavior different from that of random coil polymers. The significantly responsive behaviors of bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP) assemblies in the presence of salt ions primarily rely on the supersoft elastic skeleton of the porous structure, providing a facile route to the creation of stimuli-responsive photonic materials by low-cost self-assembly methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bangbang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qiu-Jun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruijun Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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27
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Venkatesh RB, Manohar N, Qiang Y, Wang H, Tran HH, Kim BQ, Neuman A, Ren T, Fakhraai Z, Riggleman RA, Stebe KJ, Turner K, Lee D. Polymer-Infiltrated Nanoparticle Films Using Capillarity-Based Techniques: Toward Multifunctional Coatings and Membranes. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2021; 12:411-437. [PMID: 34097843 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101220-093836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-infiltrated nanoparticle films (PINFs) are a new class of nanocomposites that offer synergistic properties and functionality derived from unusually high fractions of nanomaterials. Recently, two versatile techniques,capillary rise infiltration (CaRI) and solvent-driven infiltration of polymer (SIP), have been introduced that exploit capillary forces in films of densely packed nanoparticles. In CaRI, a highly loaded PINF is produced by thermally induced wicking of polymer melt into the nanoparticle packing pores. In SIP, exposure of a polymer-nanoparticle bilayer to solvent vapor atmosphere induces capillary condensation of solvent in the pores of nanoparticle packing, leading to infiltration of polymer into the solvent-filled pores. CaRI/SIP PINFs show superior properties compared with polymer nanocomposite films made using traditional methods, including superb mechanical properties, thermal stability, heat transfer, and optical properties. This review discusses fundamental aspects of the infiltration process and highlights potential applications in separations, structural coatings, and polymer upcycling-a process to convert polymer wastes into useful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bharath Venkatesh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Neha Manohar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Yiwei Qiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Haonan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Hong Huy Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , , .,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Université Grenoble Alpes), LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Baekmin Q Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , , .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Anastasia Neuman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Tian Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Robert A Riggleman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Kathleen J Stebe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Kevin Turner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
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28
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Dong Y, Ma Z, Song DP, Ma G, Li Y. Rapid Responsive Mechanochromic Photonic Pigments with Alternating Glassy-Rubbery Concentric Lamellar Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8770-8779. [PMID: 33913333 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photonic pigment particles prepared via self-assembly have been suffering from their poor mechanical performances; i.e., they can easily be damaged and lose structural color under a compression force. This greatly limits their uses as mechanochromic pigments. Here, a nanoscale concentric lamellar structure of alternating glassy-rubbery microdomains is successfully created within photonic microparticles through a confined self-assembly and photo-cross-linking strategy. The glassy domain is composed of polystyrene, and cross-linked bottlebrush polydimethylsiloxane served as the supersoft elastic domain. The obtained photonic structure not only shows large deformation and visible color changes under a loaded compression force but also rapidly recovers to its original state in less than 1 s (∼0.16 s) upon unloading. Continuously loading-unloading micro compression test indicates that no obvious damage can be identified after 250 cycles, indicating the high durability of the pigments against deformation. These pigments with different reflected colors are simply obtained using bottlebrush block copolymer formulations with tunable weight percentages of polymer additives. The mechanical robust photonic pigments may be useful in many important applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guiqiu Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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29
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30
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Chen X, Yang X, Song DP, Men YF, Li Y. Discovery and Insights into Organized Spontaneous Emulsification via Interfacial Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Bottlebrush Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yong-Feng Men
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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31
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Kim EJ, Shin JJ, Do T, Lee GS, Park J, Thapar V, Choi J, Bang J, Yi GR, Hur SM, Kim JG, Kim BJ. Molecular Weight Dependent Morphological Transitions of Bottlebrush Block Copolymer Particles: Experiments and Simulations. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5513-5522. [PMID: 33591730 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular weights and chain rigidities of block copolymers can strongly influence their self-assembly behavior, particularly when the block copolymers are under confinement. We investigate the self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) confined in evaporative emulsions with varying molecular weights. A series of symmetric BBCPs, where polystyrene (PS) and polylactide (PLA) side-chains are grafted onto a polynorbornene (PNB) backbone, are synthesized with varying degrees of polymerization of the PNB (NPNB) ranging from 100 to 300. Morphological transitions from onion-like concentric particles to striped ellipsoids occur as the NPNB of the BBCP increases above 200, which is also predicted from coarse-grained simulations of BBCP-containing droplets by an implicit solvent model. This transition is understood by the combined effects of (i) an elevated entropic penalty associated with bending lamella domains of large molecular weight BBCP particles and (ii) the favorable parallel alignment of the backbone chains at the free surface. Furthermore, the morphological evolutions of onion-like and ellipsoidal particles are compared. Unlike the onion-like BBCP particles, ellipsoidal BBCP particles are formed by the axial development of ring-like lamella domains on the particle surface, followed by the radial propagation into the particle center. Finally, the shape anisotropies of the ellipsoidal BBCP particles are analyzed as a function of particle size. These BBCP particles demonstrate promising potential for various applications that require tunable rheological, optical, and responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyang Do
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Gue Seon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhae Park
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Vikarm Thapar
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Hur
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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32
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Kim BQ, Qiang Y, Turner KT, Choi SQ, Lee D. Heterostructured Polymer‐Infiltrated Nanoparticle Films with Cavities via Capillary Rise Infiltration. ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES 2021; 8:2001421. [DOI: 10.1002/admi.202001421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baekmin Q. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KINC Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Yiwei Qiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Kevin T. Turner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Siyoung Q. Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KINC Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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33
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Huang J, Hall A, Jayapurna I, Algharbi S, Ginzburg V, Xu T. Nanocomposites Based on Coil-Comb Diblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Huang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aaron Hall
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ivan Jayapurna
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Samana Algharbi
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Valeriy Ginzburg
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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34
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Wang Y, Desroches GJ, Macfarlane RJ. Ordered polymer composite materials: challenges and opportunities. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:426-443. [PMID: 33367442 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07547g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites containing nanoscale fillers are an important class of materials due to their ability to access a wide variety of properties as a function of their composition. In order to take full advantage of these properties, it is critical to control the distribution of nanofillers within the parent polymer matrix, as this structural organization affects how the two constituent components interact with one another. In particular, new methods for generating ordered arrays of nanofillers represent a key underexplored research area, as emergent properties arising from nanoscale ordering can be used to introduce novel functionality currently inaccessible in random composites. The knowledge gained from developing such methods will provide important insight into the thermodynamics and kinetics associated with nanomaterial and polymer assembly. These insights will not only benefit researchers working on new composite materials, but will also deepen our understanding of soft matter systems in general. In this review, we summarize contemporary research efforts in manipulating nanofiller organization in polymer nanocomposites and highlight future challenges and opportunities for constructing ordered nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Griffen J Desroches
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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35
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Li Y, Chen X, Geng H, Dong Y, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Ma G, Song D, Li Y. Oxidation Control of Bottlebrush Molecular Conformation for Producing Libraries of Photonic Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | | | - Yun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Li Pan
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Gui‐Qiu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Dong‐Po Song
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Yue‐Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
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36
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Li Y, Chen X, Geng H, Dong Y, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Ma G, Song D, Li Y. Oxidation Control of Bottlebrush Molecular Conformation for Producing Libraries of Photonic Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3647-3653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | | | - Yun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Li Pan
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Gui‐Qiu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Dong‐Po Song
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Yue‐Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
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37
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Yavitt BM, Fei H, Kopanati GN, Winter HH, Watkins JJ. Liquid‐to‐solid
transitions in
nanoparticle‐filled
brush block copolymer composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Yavitt
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - Hua‐Feng Fei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - Gayathri N. Kopanati
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - H. Henning Winter
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
| | - James J. Watkins
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA
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38
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Schneider L, Lichtenberg G, Vega D, Müller M. Symmetric Diblock Copolymers in Cylindrical Confinement: A Way to Chiral Morphologies? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50077-50095. [PMID: 33079515 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the confinement-induced formation and stability of helix morphologies in lamella-forming AB diblock copolymers via large-scale, particle-based, single-chain-in-mean-field simulations. Such helix structures are rarely observed in bulk or thin films. Structure formation is induced by quenching incompatibility, χN, from a disordered morphology. If the surfaces of the cylindrical confinement do not prefer one component over the other, we observe that stacked lamellae, with their normals along the cylinder axis, are the preferred morphology. Kinetically, this morphology initially forms close to the cylinder surface, whereas the spontaneous, spinodal microphase separation in the cylinder's interior gives rise to a microemulsion-like morphology, riddled with defects and no directional order. Subsequently, the ordered morphology on the cylinder surface progresses inward, pervading the entire volume. In case that the cylindrical pore is only partially filled, the additional confinement along the cylinder axis generally gives rise to incommensurability between the equilibrium spacing of stacked lamellae and the cylinder height. To accommodate this mismatch, the lamella normals will tilt away from the cylinder axis and generate helices of lamellae on the surface of the cylinder. Again, this order progresses from the cylinder surface inward, generating a chiral morphology. Because the spacing between the internal AB interfaces decreases upon approaching the helix center, the concomitant stress results in a decrease in the number of lamellae and the formation of unique dislocation defects. This type of chiral defect morphology is reproducibly formed by the kinetics of structure formation in partly filled cylindrical pores with nonpreferential surfaces and may find applications in photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Schneider
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Georg Lichtenberg
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Vega
- Instituto de Fı́sica del Sur (IFISUR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Sur, 8000 Bahı́a Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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39
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Zhao TH, Jacucci G, Chen X, Song DP, Vignolini S, Parker RM. Angular-Independent Photonic Pigments via the Controlled Micellization of Amphiphilic Bottlebrush Block Copolymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002681. [PMID: 33064337 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photonic materials with angular-independent structural color are highly desirable because they offer the broad viewing angles required for application as colorants in paints, cosmetics, textiles, or displays. However, they are challenging to fabricate as they require isotropic nanoscale architectures with only short-range correlation. Here, porous microparticles with such a structure are produced in a single, scalable step from an amphiphilic bottlebrush block copolymer. This is achieved by exploiting a novel "controlled micellization" self-assembly mechanism within an emulsified toluene-in-water droplet. By restricting water permeation through the droplet interface, the size of the pores can be precisely addressed, resulting in structurally colored pigments. Furthermore, the reflected color can be tuned to reflect across the full visible spectrum using only a single polymer (Mn = 290 kDa) by altering the initial emulsification conditions. Such "photonic pigments" have several key advantages over their crystalline analogues, as they provide isotropic structural coloration that suppresses iridescence and improves color purity without the need for either refractive index matching or the inclusion of a broadband absorber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianheng H Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gianni Jacucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Richard M Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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40
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Kim S, Cho Y, Kim JH, Song S, Lim J, Choi SH, Char K. Structural Analysis of Bottlebrush Block Copolymer Micelles Using Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1261-1266. [PMID: 35638628 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We present structural analysis of spherical diblock copolymer micelles where core blocks have bottlebrush architecture. The dependence of the core radius (Rcore) and the corona thickness (Lcorona) on the core block length (Ncore) is investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and discussed in terms of the stiffness of a core-forming polymer posed by its long fluoroalkyl side chains. The conformation of the core block is strongly stretched, and the measured exponents α and β from power-law correlations, Rcore ∼ Ncoreα and Lcorona ∼ Ncoreβ, respectively, are greater than those from any scaling predictions for block copolymer micelles with a flexible, linear core-block. Such deviations are attributed to the appreciable chain stiffness of the bottlebrush core block, and a simple model is suggested to understand how the core block stiffness influences both the dimensions of core and corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunshik Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Song
- Department of Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kookheon Char
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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41
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Lequieu J, Quah T, Delaney KT, Fredrickson GH. Complete Photonic Band Gaps with Nonfrustrated ABC Bottlebrush Block Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1074-1080. [PMID: 35648618 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bottlebrush block polymers are a promising platform for self-assembled photonic materials, yet most work has been limited to one-dimensional photonic crystals based on the lamellar phase. Here we demonstrate with simulation that nonfrustrated ABC bottlebrush block polymers can be used to self-assemble three-dimensional photonic crystals with complete photonic band gaps. To show this, we have developed a computational approach that couples self-consistent field theory (SCFT) simulations to Maxwell's equations, thereby permitting a direct link between molecular design, self-assembly, and photonic band structures. Using this approach, we calculate the phase diagram of nonfrustrated ABC bottlebrush block polymers and identify regions where the alternating gyroid and alternating diamond phases are stable. By computing the photonic band structures of these phases, we demonstrate that complete band gaps can be found in regions of thermodynamic stability, thereby suggesting a route to realize these photonic materials experimentally. Furthermore, we demonstrate that gap size depends on volume fraction, segregation strength, and polymer architecture, and we identify a design strategy based on symmetry breaking that can achieve band gaps for lower values of refractive index contrast. Taken together, the approach presented here provides a powerful and flexible tool for predicting both the self-assembly and photonic band structures of polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lequieu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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42
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He Q, Ku KH, Vijayamohanan H, Kim BJ, Swager TM. Switchable Full-Color Reflective Photonic Ellipsoidal Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10424-10430. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qilin He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Harikrishnan Vijayamohanan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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43
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Guo T, Yu X, Zhao Y, Yuan X, Li J, Ren L. Structure Memory Photonic Crystals Prepared by Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Semicrystalline Bottlebrush Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoliang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yunhui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Junyu Li
- DSM DMSC R&D Solutions, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Lixia Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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44
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Guo T, Wang Y, Qiao Y, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Ren L. Thermal property of photonic crystals (PCs) prepared by solvent annealing self-assembly of bottlebrush PS-b-PtBA. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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45
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Shin JJ, Kim EJ, Ku KH, Lee YJ, Hawker CJ, Kim BJ. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Block Copolymer Particles: Tuning Shape, Interfaces, and Morphology. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:306-317. [PMID: 35648552 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Confined assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is receiving increasing attention due to the ability to create unconventional morphologies that cannot be observed in the corresponding bulk systems. This effect is further driven by the simplicity and versatility of these procedures for controlling the shape of particles prepared by 3D soft confinement of BCPs in emulsions. By taking advantage of a mobile emulsion interface, the one-step formation of nonspherical BCP particles through spontaneous deformation is possible with design principles and theoretical models for controlling shape/nanostructure now being established. This Viewpoint highlights strategies for shape tuning of BCP particles, currently accessible shapes, their controllability, and potential application. The emergence of 3D soft confinement of BCPs and related theory is overviewed with a focus on current strategies, types of nonspherical shapes achieved, and structure-property relationships for nonspherical BCP particles. Finally, the applications and future perspectives for these materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeman J. Shin
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California−Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | | | | | | | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California−Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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46
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Schedl AE, Howell I, Watkins JJ, Schmidt HW. Gradient Photonic Materials Based on One-Dimensional Polymer Photonic Crystals. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000069. [PMID: 32167639 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In nature, animals such as chameleons are well-known for the complex color patterns of their skin and the ability to adapt and change the color by manipulating sophisticated photonic crystal systems. Artificial gradient photonic materials are inspired by these color patterns. A concept for the preparation of such materials and their function as tunable mechanochromic materials is presented in this work. The system consists of a 1D polymer photonic crystal on a centimeter scale on top of an elastic poly(dimethylsiloxane) substrate with a gradient in stiffness. In the unstrained state, this system reveals a uniform red reflectance over the entire sample. Upon deformation, a gradient in local strain of the substrate is formed and transferred to the photonic crystal. Depending on the magnitude of this local strain, the thickness of the photonic crystal decreases continuously, resulting in a position-dependent blue shift of the reflectance peak and hence the color in a rainbow-like fashion. Using more sophisticated hard-soft-hard-soft-hard gradient elastomers enables the realization of stripe-like reflectance patterns. Thus, this approach allows for the tunable formation of reflectance gradients and complex reflectance patterns. Envisioned applications are in the field of mechanochromic sensors, telemedicine, smart materials, and metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas E Schedl
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 95440, Germany
| | - Irene Howell
- Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - James J Watkins
- Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Hans-Werner Schmidt
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 95440, Germany
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47
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Yun HS, Do HW, Berggren KK, Ross CA, Choi HK. Commensurability-Driven Orientation Control during Block Copolymer Directed Self-Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10852-10857. [PMID: 32024362 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the orientation of block copolymer (BCP) patterns in topographical templates is controlled using a simple template design rule. The orientation of the pattern is selected by using a template with one commensurate dimension and one incommensurate dimension. An array of binary states of a BCP pattern can be programmed into a desired layout by tuning of the template wall thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Su Yun
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wan Do
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Karl K Berggren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Caroline A Ross
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hong Kyoon Choi
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea
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48
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Zou Y, Zhou X, Ma J, Yang X, Deng Y. Recent advances in amphiphilic block copolymer templated mesoporous metal-based materials: assembly engineering and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1173-1208. [PMID: 31967137 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00334g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous metal-based materials (MMBMs) have received unprecedented attention in catalysis, sensing, and energy storage and conversion owing to their unique electronic structures, uniform mesopore size and high specific surface area. In the last decade, great progress has been made in the design and application of MMBMs; in particular, many novel assembly engineering methods and strategies based on amphiphilic block copolymers as structure-directing agents have also been developed for the "bottom-up" construction of a variety of MMBMs. Development of MMBMs is therefore of significant importance from both academic and practical points of view. In this review, we provide a systematic elaboration of the molecular assembly methods and strategies for MMBMs, such as tuning the driving force between amphiphilic block copolymers and various precursors (i.e., metal salts, nanoparticles/clusters and polyoxometalates) for pore characteristics and physicochemical properties. The structure-performance relationship of MMBMs (e.g., pore size, surface area, crystallinity and crystal structure) based on various spectroscopy analysis techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculation is discussed and the influence of the surface/interfacial properties of MMBMs (e.g., active surfaces, heterojunctions, binding sites and acid-base properties) in various applications is also included. The prospect of accurately designing functional mesoporous materials and future research directions in the field of MMBMs is pointed out in this review, and it will open a new avenue for the inorganic-organic assembly in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zou
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xinran Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Junhao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xuanyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. and State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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49
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Müller M. Process-directed self-assembly of copolymers: Results of and challenges for simulation studies. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Subramanian A, Tiwale N, Doerk G, Kisslinger K, Nam CY. Enhanced Hybridization and Nanopatterning via Heated Liquid-Phase Infiltration into Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1444-1453. [PMID: 31786911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrids featuring tunable material properties can be readily generated by applying vapor- or liquid-phase infiltration (VPI or LPI) of inorganic materials into organic templates, with resulting properties controlled by type and quantity of infiltrated inorganics. While LPI offers more diverse choices of infiltratable elements, it tends to yield smaller infiltration amount than VPI, but the attempt to address the issue has been rarely reported. Here, we demonstrate a facile temperature-enhanced LPI method to control and drastically increase the quantity and kinetics of Pt infiltration into self-assembled polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) block copolymer (BCP) thin films. By applying LPI at mildly elevated temperatures (40-80 °C), we showcase controllable optical functionality of hybrid BCP films along with conductive three-dimensional (3D) inorganic nanostructures. Structural analysis reveals enhanced metal loading into the BCP matrix at higher LPI temperatures, suggesting multiple metal ion infiltration per monomer of P2VP. Combining temperature-enhanced LPI with hierarchical multilayer BCP self-assembly, we generate BCP-metal hybrid optical coatings featuring tunable antireflective properties as well as scalable conductive 3D Pt nanomesh structures. Enhanced material infiltration and control by temperature-enhanced LPI not only enables tunability of organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures and properties but also expands the application of BCPs for generating uniquely functional inorganic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwanth Subramanian
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794 , United States
| | - Nikhil Tiwale
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973 , United States
| | - Gregory Doerk
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973 , United States
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973 , United States
| | - Chang-Yong Nam
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794 , United States
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