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Ali F, Shafaa MW, Amin M. Computational Approach for Probing Redox Potential for Iron-Sulfur Clusters in Photosystem I. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:362. [PMID: 35336736 PMCID: PMC8945787 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem I is a light-driven electron transfer device. Available X-ray crystal structure from Thermosynechococcus elongatus showed that electron transfer pathways consist of two nearly symmetric branches of cofactors converging at the first iron-sulfur cluster FX, which is followed by two terminal iron-sulfur clusters FA and FB. Experiments have shown that FX has lower oxidation potential than FA and FB, which facilitates the electron transfer reaction. Here, we use density functional theory and Multi-Conformer Continuum Electrostatics to explain the differences in the midpoint Em potentials of the FX, FA and FB clusters. Our calculations show that FX has the lowest oxidation potential compared to FA and FB due to strong pairwise electrostatic interactions with surrounding residues. These interactions are shown to be dominated by the bridging sulfurs and cysteine ligands, which may be attributed to the shorter average bond distances between the oxidized Fe ion and ligating sulfurs for FX compared to FA and FB. Moreover, the electrostatic repulsion between the 4Fe-4S clusters and the positive potential of the backbone atoms is lowest for FX compared to both FA and FB. These results agree with the experimental measurements from the redox titrations of low-temperature EPR signals and of room temperature recombination kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedaa Ali
- Medical Biophysics Division, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (F.A.); (M.W.S.)
- Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Medhat W. Shafaa
- Medical Biophysics Division, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (F.A.); (M.W.S.)
| | - Muhamed Amin
- Department of Sciences, University College Groningen, University of Groningen, Hoendiepskade 23/24, 9718 BG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Universiteit Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9718 BG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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Jung JY, Kim S, Lee H, Kim K, Kim W, Park MS, Kwon JH, Yang JW. Use of extracts from oyster shell and soil for cultivation of Spirulina maxima. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2395-400. [PMID: 24871274 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion and trace metals play important roles in various metabolisms of photosynthetic organisms. In this study, simple methods were developed to extract calcium ion and micronutrients from oyster shell and common soil, and the prepared extracts were tested as a replacement of the corresponding chemicals that are essential for growth of microalgae. The oyster shell and soil were treated with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide or with 10 % hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The potential application of these natural sources to cultivation was investigated with Spirulina maxima. When compared to standard Zarrouk medium, the Spirulina maxima cultivated in a modified Zarrouk media with elements from oyster shell and soil extract exhibited increases in biomass, chlorophyll, and phycocyanin by 17, 16, and 64 %, respectively. These results indicate that the extracts of oyster shell and soil provide sufficient amounts of calcium and trace metals for successful cultivation of Spirulina maxima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Jung
- Advanced Biomass R&D Center, KAIST, 291 Daehakno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Kwon JH, Rögner M, Rexroth S. Direct approach for bioprocess optimization in a continuous flat-bed photobioreactor system. J Biotechnol 2012; 162:156-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Golbeck JH, Mehari T, Parrett K, Ikegami I. Reconstitution of the photosystem I complex from the P700 and Fx-containing reaction center core protein and the FA/FBpolypeptide. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kamlowski A, van der Est A, Fromme P, Krauss N, Schubert WD, Klukas O, Stehlik D. The structural organization of the PsaC protein in Photosystem I from single crystal EPR and X-ray crystallographic studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1997; 1319:199-213. [PMID: 9131044 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(96)00162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In Photosystem I (PS I) the terminal electron acceptors, FA and FB, are iron-sulfur (4Fe-4S) centers, which are bound to the stromal subunit PsaC. The orientation of PsaC is determined relative to the whole PS I complex (see Schubert, W.-D. et al. (1995) in From Light to Biosphere (Mathis, P. ed.), Vol. II, pp. 3-10, Kluwer) from which a molecular model for the structure of PsaC within PS I is derived. Two strategies are followed: (i) PS I single crystal EPR data on the orientation of the g tensors of both FA- and FB- relative to each other and relative to the crystal axes (see preceding paper) are used in conjunction with the central structural part of the bacterial 2 [Fe4S4] ferredoxins, the cysteine binding motifs of which are known to be homologous to those of PsaC; (ii) the same core structure is fitted into the intermediate resolution electron density map of PS I. The PsaC orientation obtained both ways agree well. The local twofold symmetry axis inherent to the ferredoxin model leaves a twofold ambiguity in the structural conclusion. Deviations from this C2-symmetry in the amino acid sequence of PsaC are analyzed with respect to observable properties which would resolve the remaining structural ambiguity. Arguments both for and against FA being the distal iron-sulfur center (to FX) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kamlowski
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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ENDOR and ESEEM of the 15N labelled radical cations of chlorophyll a and the primary donor P700 in photosystem I. Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00021-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Prisner TF, McDermott AE, Un S, Norris JR, Thurnauer MC, Griffin RG. Measurement of the g-tensor of the P700+. signal from deuterated cyanobacterial photosystem I particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:9485-8. [PMID: 8415727 PMCID: PMC47593 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.20.9485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report high-field continuous wave EPR spectra of P700+. in preparations obtained from deuterated cyanobacteria (Synechococcus lividus). Measurements were performed with photosystem I (PS-I) preparations, whole cells from cyanobacteria grown in 2H2O, and photosystem II (PS-II) preparations, as well as with protonated PS-I preparations. Because of the significantly improved resolution of our 140-GHz spectrometer (as compared with X- or Q-band EPR) the principal values of the g-tensor of the primary donor P700+. could be resolved and measured with high accuracy as g11 = 2.00304, g22 = 2.00262, and g33 = 2.00232. Other signals arising from Mn2+ and a dark signal from PS-II at g approximately 2.00266 are distinguished from the P700+. g-tensor powder pattern. The measured g values are compared with those of several bacterial reaction center donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Prisner
- Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139
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Brettel K, Sieckmann I, Fromme P, van der Est A, Stehlik D. Low-temperature EPR on single crystals of photosystem I: study of the iron-sulfur center FA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mono-, di- and trimeric PS I reaction center complexes isolated from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(90)90074-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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McDermott AE, Yachandra VK, Guiles RD, Sauer K, Klein MP, Parrett KG, Golbeck JH. EXAFS structural study of FX, the low-potential Fe-S center in photosystem I. Biochemistry 1989; 28:8056-9. [PMID: 2690931 DOI: 10.1021/bi00446a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We present iron extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of a photosystem I core preparation containing FX, the very low potential iron-sulfur cluster in photosystem I. The preparation lacks FA and FB. The amplitude of Fe-Fe backscattering in the EXAFS spectrum indicates that FX may be a [4Fe-4S] cluster and is not a [2Fe-2S] cluster or clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E McDermott
- Laboratory of Chemical Biodynamics, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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Scheller HV, Svendsen I, Møller BL. Subunit Composition of Photosystem I and Identification of Center X as a [4Fe-4S] Iron-Sulfur Cluster. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Guigliarelli B, Guillaussier J, Bertrand P, Gayda JP, Setif P. Evidence for Only One Iron-Sulfur Cluster in Center X of Photosystem I from Higher Plants. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Golbeck JH. Structure, function and organization of the Photosystem I reaction center complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 895:167-204. [PMID: 3333014 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4173(87)80002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Golbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, OR 97207
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