1
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Gotla S, Poddar A, Borison I, Matysiak S. Unravelling heparin's enhancement of amyloid aggregation in a model peptide system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22278-22285. [PMID: 39136546 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
A coarse-grained (CG) model for heparin, an anionic polysaccharide, was developed to investigate the mechanisms of heparin's enhancement of fibrillation in many amyloidogenic peptides. CG molecular dynamics simulations revealed that heparin, by forming contacts with the model amyloidogenic peptide, amyloid-β's K16LVFFAE22 fragment (Aβ16-22), promoted long-lived and highly beta-sheet-like domains in the peptide oligomers. Concomitantly, heparin-Aβ16-22 contacts suppressed the entropy of mixing of the oligomers' beta-domains. Such oligomers could make better seeds for fibrillation, potentially contributing to heparin's fibril-enhancing behaviour. Additionally, reductions in heparin's flexibility led to delayed aggregation, and less ordered Aβ16-22 oligomers, thus offering insights into the contrasting inhibition of fibrillation by the relatively rigid polysaccharide, chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Gotla
- Fischell Department of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
| | - Anushka Poddar
- Fischell Department of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
| | - Ilana Borison
- Fischell Department of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
| | - Silvina Matysiak
- Fischell Department of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
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2
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Keith A, Brichtová EP, Barber JG, Wales DJ, Jackson SE, Röder K. Energy Landscapes and Structural Ensembles of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Monomers. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5601-5611. [PMID: 38831581 PMCID: PMC11182347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
While GLP-1 and its analogues are important pharmaceutical agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, their susceptibility to aggregate into amyloid fibrils poses a significant safety issue. Many factors may contribute to the aggregation propensity, including pH. While it is known that the monomeric structure of GLP-1 has a strong impact on primary nucleation, probing its diverse structural ensemble is challenging. Here, we investigated the monomer structural ensembles at pH 3, 4, and 7.5 using state-of-the-art computational methods in combination with experimental data. We found significant stabilization of β-strand structures and destabilization of helical structures at lower pH, correlating with observed aggregation lag times, which are lower under these conditions. We further identified helical defects at pH 4, which led to the fastest observed aggregation, in agreement with our far-UV circular dichroism data. The detailed atomistic structures that result from the computational studies help to rationalize the experimental results on the aggregation propensity of GLP-1. This work provides a new insight into the pH-dependence of monomeric structural ensembles of GLP-1 and connects them to experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair
D. Keith
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Now:
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Eva Přáda Brichtová
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Now:
Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorferstr. 1A, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Jack G. Barber
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - David J. Wales
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Sophie E. Jackson
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Konstantin Röder
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Now:
Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
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3
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Savransky S, White AD, Vilardaga JP. Deciphering the role of glycosaminoglycans in GPCR signaling. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111149. [PMID: 38522808 PMCID: PMC10999332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are two essential components of the cell surface that regulate physiological processes in the body. GPCRs are the most extensive family of transmembrane receptors that control cellular responses to extracellular stimuli, while GAGs are polysaccharides that contribute to the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Due to their proximity to the plasma membrane, GAGs participate in signal transduction by interacting with various extracellular molecules and cell surface receptors. GAGs can directly interact with certain GPCRs or their ligands (chemokines, peptide hormones and neuropeptides, structural proteins, and enzymes) from the glutamate receptor family, the rhodopsin receptor family, the adhesion receptor family, and the secretin receptor family. These interactions have recently become an emerging topic, providing a new avenue for understanding how GPCR signaling is regulated. This review discusses our current state of knowledge about the role of GAGs in GPCR signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Savransky
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Alex D White
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Vilardaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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4
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Samui S, Biswas S, Basak S, Ghosh S, Muniyappa K, Naskar J. De novo designed aliphatic and aromatic peptides assemble into amyloid-like cytotoxic supramolecular nanofibrils. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4382-4388. [PMID: 38304566 PMCID: PMC10831423 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides are very interesting biomolecules that upon self-association form a variety of thermodynamically stable supramolecular structures of nanometric dimension e.g. nanotubes, nanorods, nanovesicles, nanofibrils, nanowires and many others. Herein, we report six peptide molecules having a general chemical structure, H-Gaba-X-X-OH (Gaba: γ-aminobutyric acid, X: amino acid). Out of these six peptides, three are aromatic and the others are aliphatic. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) studies reveal that except peptide 6 (H-Gaba-Trp-Trp-OH), all the reported peptides adopt nanofibrillar morphology upon aggregation in aqueous medium. These supramolecular assemblies can recognize amyloid-specific molecular probe congo red (CR) and thioflavine t (ThT) and exhibit all the characteristic properties of amyloids. The MTT cell viability assay reveals that the toxicity of both aliphatic and aromatic peptides increases with increasing concentration of the peptides to both cancer (HeLa) and non-cancer (HEK 293) cells. Of note, the aromatic peptides show a slightly higher cytotoxic effect compared to the aliphatic peptides. Overall, the studies highlight the self-assembling nature of the de novo designed aliphatic and aromatic peptides and pave the way towards elucidating the intricacies of pathogenic amyloid assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrata Samui
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - Soumi Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - Shubhanwita Basak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - Shreya Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - K Muniyappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Karnataka 560 012 India
| | - Jishu Naskar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
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5
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Přáda Brichtová E, Krupová M, Bouř P, Lindo V, Gomes Dos Santos A, Jackson SE. Glucagon-like peptide 1 aggregates into low-molecular-weight oligomers off-pathway to fibrillation. Biophys J 2023; 122:2475-2488. [PMID: 37138517 PMCID: PMC10323027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical stability of peptide-based drugs is of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a 31-amino acid peptide hormone, the analogs of which are frequently used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the physical stability of GLP-1 and its C-terminal amide derivative, GLP-1-Am, both of which aggregate into amyloid fibrils. While off-pathway oligomers have been proposed to explain the unusual aggregation kinetics observed previously for GLP-1 under specific conditions, these oligomers have not been studied in any detail. Such states are important as they may represent potential sources of cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. Here, we identified and isolated stable, low-molecular-weight oligomers of GLP-1 and GLP-1-Am, using size-exclusion chromatography. Under the conditions studied, isolated oligomers were shown to be resistant to fibrillation or dissociation. These oligomers contain between two and five polypeptide chains and they have a highly disordered structure as indicated by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. They are highly stable with respect to time, temperature, or agitation despite their noncovalent character, which was established using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results provide evidence of stable, low-molecular-weight oligomers that are formed by an off-pathway mechanism which competes with amyloid fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Přáda Brichtová
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Krupová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Petr Bouř
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Viv Lindo
- AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie E Jackson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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6
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Lauth LM, Voigt B, Bhatia T, Machner L, Balbach J, Ott M. Heparin promotes rapid fibrillation of the basic Parathyroid Hormone at physiological pH. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2928-2939. [PMID: 35903816 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In acidic secretory granules of mammalian cells, peptide hormones including the parathyroid hormone (PTH) are presumably stored in the form of functional amyloid fibrils. Mature PTH, however, is considerably positively charged in acidic environments, a condition known to impede unassisted self-aggregation into fibrils. Here, we studied the role of the polyanion heparin on promoting fibril formation of PTH. Employing ITC, CD spectroscopy, NMR, SAXS and fluorescence-based assays we could demonstrate that heparin binds PTH with submicromolar affinity and facilitates its conversion into fibrillar seeds, enabling rapid formation of amyloid fibrils under acidic conditions. In absence of heparin, PTH remained in a soluble monomeric state. We suspect that heparin-like surfaces are required in vivo to convert PTH efficiently into fibrillar deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca M Lauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bruno Voigt
- Department of Biophysics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Twinkle Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Lisa Machner
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jochen Balbach
- Department of Biophysics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Maria Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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7
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Krishnan R, Ranganathan S, Maji SK, Padinhateeri R. Role of non-specific interactions in the phase-separation and maturation of macromolecules. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010067. [PMID: 35533203 PMCID: PMC9119624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase separation of biomolecules could be mediated by both specific and non-specific interactions. How the interplay between non-specific and specific interactions along with polymer entropy influences phase separation is an open question. We address this question by simulating self-associating molecules as polymer chains with a short core stretch that forms the specifically interacting functional interface and longer non-core regions that participate in non-specific/promiscuous interactions. Our results show that the interplay of specific (strength, ϵsp) and non-specific interactions (strength, ϵns) could result in phase separation of polymers and its transition to solid-like aggregates (mature state). In the absence of ϵns, the polymer chains do not dwell long enough in the vicinity of each other to undergo phase separation and transition into a mature state. On the other hand, in the limit of strong ϵns, the assemblies cannot transition into the mature state and form a non-specific assembly, suggesting an optimal range of interactions favoring mature multimers. In the scenario where only a fraction (Nfrac) of the non-core regions participate in attractive interactions, we find that slight modifications to either ϵns or Nfrac can result in dramatically altered self-assembled states. Using a combination of heterogeneous and homogeneous mix of polymers, we establish how this interplay between interaction energies dictates the propensity of biomolecules to find the correct binding partner at dilute concentrations in crowded environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Krishnan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Srivastav Ranganathan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- * E-mail: (SR); (RP)
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Ranjith Padinhateeri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- * E-mail: (SR); (RP)
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8
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Physicochemical factors of bioprocessing impact the stability of therapeutic proteins. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 55:107909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Samui S, Biswas S, Muniyappa K, Naskar J. Nano‐Assemblies of a Synthetic Peptide: Illuminating Aggregation Potential, Amyloidogenicity and Cytotoxicity. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrata Samui
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - Soumi Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
| | - K. Muniyappa
- Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Karnataka 560 012 India
| | - Jishu Naskar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Kalyani Nadia WB 741235 India
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10
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Najarzadeh Z, Zaman M, Sereikaite V, Strømgaard K, Andreasen M, Otzen DE. Heparin promotes fibrillation of most phenol-soluble modulin virulence peptides from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100953. [PMID: 34270957 PMCID: PMC8363829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), such as α-PSMs, β-PSMs, and δ-toxin, are virulence peptides secreted by different Staphylococcus aureus strains. PSMs are able to form amyloid fibrils, which may strengthen the biofilm matrix that promotes bacterial colonization of and extended growth on surfaces (e.g., cell tissue) and increases antibiotic resistance. Many components contribute to biofilm formation, including the human-produced highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan heparin. Although heparin promotes S. aureus infection, the molecular basis for this is unclear. Given that heparin is known to induce fibrillation of a wide range of proteins, we hypothesized that heparin aids bacterial colonization by promoting PSM fibrillation. Here, we address this hypothesis using a combination of thioflavin T-fluorescence kinetic studies, CD, FTIR, electron microscopy, and peptide microarrays to investigate the mechanism of aggregation, the structure of the fibrils, and identify possible binding regions. We found that heparin accelerates fibrillation of all α-PSMs (except PSMα2) and δ-toxin but inhibits β-PSM fibrillation by blocking nucleation or reducing fibrillation levels. Given that S. aureus secretes higher levels of α-PSM than β-PSM peptides, heparin is therefore likely to promote fibrillation overall. Heparin binding is driven by multiple positively charged lysine residues in α-PSMs and δ-toxins, the removal of which strongly reduced binding affinity. Binding of heparin did not affect the structure of the resulting fibrils, that is, the outcome of the aggregation process. Rather, heparin provided a scaffold to catalyze or inhibit fibrillation. Based on our findings, we speculate that heparin may strengthen the bacterial biofilm and therefore enhance colonization via increased PSM fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Najarzadeh
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Masihuz Zaman
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Vita Sereikaite
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Maria Andreasen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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11
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Sharma K, Mehra S, Sawner AS, Markam PS, Panigrahi R, Navalkar A, Chatterjee D, Kumar R, Kadu P, Patel K, Ray S, Kumar A, Maji SK. Effect of Disease-Associated P123H and V70M Mutations on β-Synuclein Fibrillation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2836-2848. [PMID: 32833434 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA). The common pathological hallmark of synucleinopathies is the filamentous α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates along with membrane components in cytoplasmic inclusions in the brain. β-Synuclein (β-Syn), an isoform of α-Syn, inhibits α-Syn aggregation and prevents its neurotoxicity, suggesting the neuroprotective nature of β-Syn. However, this notion changed with the discovery of disease-associated β-Syn mutations, V70M and P123H, in patients with DLB. It is still unclear how these missense mutations alter the structural and amyloidogenic properties of β-Syn, leading to neurodegeneration. Here, we characterized the biophysical properties and investigated the effect of mutations on β-Syn fibrillation under different conditions. V70M and P123H show high membrane binding affinity compared to wild-type β-Syn, suggesting their potential role in membrane interactions. β-Syn and its mutants do not aggregate under normal physiological conditions; however, the proteins undergo self-polymerization in a slightly acidic microenvironment and/or in the presence of an inducer, forming long unbranched amyloid fibrils similar to α-Syn. Strikingly, V70M and P123H mutants exhibit accelerated fibrillation compared to native β-Syn under these conditions. NMR study further revealed that these point mutations induce local perturbations at the site of mutation in β-Syn. Overall, our data provide insight into the biophysical properties of disease-associated β-Syn mutations and demonstrate that these mutants make the native protein more susceptible to aggregation in an altered microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Surabhi Mehra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Ajay S. Sawner
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Pratap S. Markam
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Rajlaxmi Panigrahi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Ambuja Navalkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Debdeep Chatterjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Pradeep Kadu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Komal Patel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Soumik Ray
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India 400076
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12
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Ghosh P, De P. Modulation of Amyloid Protein Fibrillation by Synthetic Polymers: Recent Advances in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6598-6625. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
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13
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Samui S, Biswas S, Roy K, Deb I, Naskar J. Engineering of Supramolecular β-Sheet and Nontoxic Amyloid Fibrils from Synthetic Oligopeptides Containing γ-Aminobutyric Acid as the N-Terminal Residue. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2915-2918. [PMID: 31082196 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we demonstrate that three synthetic tripeptides containing conformationally flexible γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-Abu) as the N-terminal residue form supramolecular β-sheet and nanofibrillar aggregates upon self-association in aqueous medium. Congo red and thioflavin T binding study establish that these nanofibrillar aggregates are amyloidogenic in nature. The MTT cell survival assay suggests that these amyloid-like nanofibrillar aggregates are nontoxic toward cultured Neuro 2A cells. Interestingly, none of these tripeptides bear sequence identity with any amyloid forming proteins or peptides; however upon self-association, they form supramolecular β-sheet and amyloid-like nanofibrils those are nontoxic in nature. The results highlight the self-assembling nature of the conformationally flexible peptides in aqueous environment and support the hypothesis that amyloid formation is the intrinsic property of the polypeptide chain. Also the cytotoxicity is not predictive from amyloid fibril formation alone. Such nontoxic amyloid fibrils can be exploited in future to design functional biomaterials for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrata Samui
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Soumi Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
| | - Kaninika Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Rd., Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Ishani Deb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Rd., Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Jishu Naskar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia, WB 741235, India
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14
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Bothe JR, Andrews A, Smith KJ, Joyce LA, Krishnamachari Y, Kashi S. Peptide Oligomerization Memory Effects and Their Impact on the Physical Stability of the GLP-1 Agonist Liraglutide. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2153-2161. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Protein Nanofibrils as Storage Forms of Peptide Drugs and Hormones. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1174:265-290. [PMID: 31713202 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids are highly organized cross β-sheet protein nanofibrils that are associated with both diseases and functions. Thermodynamically amyloids are stable structures as they represent the lowest free energy state that proteins can attain. However, recent studies suggest that amyloid fibrils can be dissociated by a change in environmental parameters such as pH and ionic strength. This reversibility of amyloids can not only be associated with disease, but function as well. In disease-associated amyloids, fibrils can act as reservoirs of cytotoxic oligomers. Recently, in higher organisms such as mammals, hormones were found to be stored in amyloid-like state, where these were reported to act as a reservoir of functional monomers. These hormone amyloids can dissociate to monomers upon release from the secretory granules, and subsequently bind to their respective receptors and perform their functions. In this book chapter, we describe in detail how these protein nanofibrils represent the densest possible peptide packing and are suitable for long-term storage. Thus, mimicking the feature of amyloids to release functional monomers, it is possible to formulate amyloid-based peptide/protein drugs, which can be used for sustained release.
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Kirti S, Patel K, Das S, Shrimali P, Samanta S, Kumar R, Chatterjee D, Ghosh D, Kumar A, Tayalia P, Maji SK. Amyloid Fibrils with Positive Charge Enhance Retroviral Transduction in Mammalian Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:126-138. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mehra S, Ghosh D, Kumar R, Mondal M, Gadhe LG, Das S, Anoop A, Jha NN, Jacob RS, Chatterjee D, Ray S, Singh N, Kumar A, Maji SK. Glycosaminoglycans have variable effects on α-synuclein aggregation and differentially affect the activities of the resulting amyloid fibrils. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12975-12991. [PMID: 29959225 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is mainly a sporadic disorder in which both environmental and cellular factors play a major role in the initiation of this disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are integral components of the extracellular matrix and are known to influence amyloid aggregation of several proteins, including α-synuclein (α-Syn). However, the mechanism by which different GAGs and related biological polymers influence protein aggregation and the structure and intercellular spread of these aggregates remains elusive. In this study, we used three different GAGs and related charged polymers to establish their role in α-Syn aggregation and associated biological activities of these aggregates. Heparin, a representative GAG, affected α-Syn aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas biphasic α-Syn aggregation kinetics was observed in the presence of chondroitin sulfate B. Of note, as indicated by 2D NMR analysis, different GAGs uniquely modulated α-Syn aggregation because of the diversity of their interactions with soluble α-Syn. Moreover, subtle differences in the GAG backbone structure and charge density significantly altered the properties of the resulting amyloid fibrils. Each GAG/polymer facilitated the formation of morphologically and structurally distinct α-Syn amyloids, which not only displayed variable levels of cytotoxicity but also exhibited an altered ability to internalize into cells. Our study supports the role of GAGs as key modulators in α-Syn amyloid formation, and their distinct activities may regulate amyloidogenesis depending on the type of GAG being up- or down-regulated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Mehra
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Mrityunjoy Mondal
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Laxmikant G Gadhe
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Subhadeep Das
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and.,the IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Arunagiri Anoop
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Narendra N Jha
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Reeba S Jacob
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Debdeep Chatterjee
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Soumik Ray
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Nitu Singh
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
| | - Samir K Maji
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and
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Das S, Jacob RS, Patel K, Singh N, Maji SK. Amyloid Fibrils: Versatile Biomaterials for Cell Adhesion and Tissue Engineering Applications. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1826-1839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Reeba S. Jacob
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Komal Patel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra, India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra, India
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Takeuchi M, Okamoto M, Okamoto R, Kinoshita H, Yamaguchi Y, Watanabe N. Discovery of a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analog with enhanced aggregation propensity. Peptides 2018; 102:8-15. [PMID: 29391187 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the course of our search for new GLP-1 analogs, we screened a number of [Ser8]-GLP-1 analogs using the C-terminal helix 3 of the albumin binding domain 3 of protein G from bacterial Streptococcal G strain 148 (G148-ABD3) as appendage. Our efforts led to the discovery of [Ser8]-GLP-1 (7-35)-GVKALIDEILAA-NH2, peptide 6, as a long-acting GLP-1 analog with enhanced self-associated aggregation. Peptide 6 showed enhanced stability in rat and human plasma and an extended half-life of 5.4 h with good bioavailability in rats and subsequently prolonged therapeutic effects in diabetic mice. Analytical ultracentrifugation and TLC suggest that 6 remains oligomeric in the circulation, which accounts for its extended in vivo half-life. The present work shows the possible enhancement of medium-sized oligopeptides aggregation propensity and highlights the potential advantages of peptide aggregates for long-acting peptide drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Takeuchi
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan
| | - Masayuki Okamoto
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan
| | - Ryuji Okamoto
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kinoshita
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan
| | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan
| | - Nobuhide Watanabe
- Mie Research Laboratories, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd., 363 Shiosaki, Hokusei-cho, Inabe-city, Mie 511-0406, Japan; Licensing & Business Development, R&D Strategy Center, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho, Co., Ltd.,Mitsui Building No.2 5F 1-1 Nihonbashi-Muromachi 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan.
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Lu Y, Lu D, Hu Y. Glucagon-like peptide 2 decreases osteoclasts by stimulating apoptosis dependent on nitric oxide synthase. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12443. [PMID: 29457300 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) is involved in the regulation of energy absorption and metabolism. Despite the importance of the GLP2 signalling mechanisms on osteoclast, little has been studied on how GLP2 works during osteoclastogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 cells were infected with rLV-Green-GLP2. The induction of osteoclasts was performed by RANKL. TRAP were detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and staining. Total nitric oxide and total NOS activity were measured. Cells apoptosis was detected by Hoest33258 and Annix V staining. Animal test, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP), co-immunoprecipitation(IP) and luciferase reporter assay were also performed. RESULTS We indicate that GLP2 is associated with osteoporosis-related factors in aged rats, including BALP, TRAP, IL6, TNFα, Nitric Oxide (NO), iNOS, calcitonin and occludin. Moreover, GLP2 is demonstrated to result in negative action during proliferation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclasts. Furthermore, GLP2 decreases osteoclasts induced from monocyte/macrophage cells RAW264.7 as well as the serum TRAP activity in aged rats. Mechanistic investigations reveal GLP2 enhances the expression of iNOS through stimulating the activity of TGFβ-Smad2/3 signalling in osteoclasts. In particular, inhibition of TGFβ fully abrogates this function of GLP2 in osteoclasts. Strikingly, overexpression of GLP2 significantly increases the product of nitric oxide via iNOS which promotes apoptosis of osteoclasts by decreasing bcl2 or increasing caspase3. Thereby, the ability of GLP2 to regulate apoptosis depends on TGFβ-Smad2/3-iNOS-NO signalling pathway since total NOS inhibitor L-NMMA specifically inhibits the actions by GLP2. CONCLUSIONS GLP2 induces apoptosis via TGFβ-Smad2/3 signalling, which contributes to the inhibition of the proliferation of osteoclasts and which may provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Departments of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Departments of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jacob RS, Das S, Singh N, Patel K, Datta D, Sen S, Maji SK. Amyloids Are Novel Cell-Adhesive Matrices. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1112:79-97. [PMID: 30637692 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3065-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids are highly ordered peptide/protein aggregates traditionally associated with multiple human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. However, recent studies suggest that amyloids can also perform several biological functions in organisms varying from bacteria to mammals. In many lower organisms, amyloid fibrils function as adhesives due to their unique surface topography. Recently, amyloid fibrils have been shown to support attachment and spreading of mammalian cells by interacting with the cell membrane and by cell adhesion machinery activation. Moreover, similar to cellular responses on natural extracellular matrices (ECMs), mammalian cells on amyloid surfaces also use integrin machinery for spreading, migration, and differentiation. This has led to the development of biocompatible and implantable amyloid-based hydrogels that could induce lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells. In this chapter, based on adhesion of both lower organisms and mammalian cells on amyloid nanofibrils, we posit that amyloids could have functioned as a primitive extracellular matrix in primordial earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeba S Jacob
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Komal Patel
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debalina Datta
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shamik Sen
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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GLP2 Promotes Directed Differentiation from Osteosarcoma Cells to Osteoblasts and Inhibits Growth of Osteosarcoma Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 10:292-303. [PMID: 29499942 PMCID: PMC5862135 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) is a proglucagon-derived peptide that is involved in the regulation of energy absorption and exerts beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the GLP2 during osteogenic differentiation has not been illustrated. Herein, we indicated that GLP2 was demonstrated to result in positive action during the osteogenic differentiation of human osteosarcoma cells. Our findings demonstrate that GLP2 inhibis the growth of osteosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic investigations reveal GLP2 inhibits the expression and activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), triggering the decrease of c-Myc, PKM2, and CyclinD1 in osteosarcoma cells. In particular, rescued NF-κB abrogates the functions of GLP2 in osteosarcoma cells. Strikingly, GLP2 overexpression significantly increased the expression of osteogenesis-associated genes (e.g., Ocn and PICP) dependent on c-Fos-BMP signaling, which promotes directed differentiation from osteosarcoma cells to osteoblasts with higher alkaline phosphatase activity. Taken together, our results suggested that GLP2 could be a valuable drug to promote directed differentiation from osteosarcoma cells to osteoblasts, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Romero CM, Martorell PV, López AG, Peñalver CGN, Chaves S, Mechetti M. Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 162:246-255. [PMID: 29216511 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis for industrial application is based on the use of enzymes to perform complex transformations. However, these systems have some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst. In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp. Mcn4, as well as the determination of its composition, was carried out. The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization. After the partial purification, the exopolysaccharidewas identified as a levan with a non-Newtonian behavior. Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified. Bacillus sp. Mcn4 biofilms were developed on different surfaces, being the most stable those developed on hydrophilic supports. The biofilm showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm. Indeed, two enzymes with lipase activity were identified in native PAGE. These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis. The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme. Based on these findings, the current study proposes green and natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Romero
- PROIMI, PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, T4001 MVB, Tucumán Fac. Bioq., Qca. y Farmacia (UNT), Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - P V Martorell
- PROIMI, PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, T4001 MVB, Tucumán Fac. Bioq., Qca. y Farmacia (UNT), Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - A Gómez López
- Laboratorio de Física de Fluidos y Electrorreología, Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino-INFINOA (CONICET-UNT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina
| | - C G Nieto Peñalver
- PROIMI, PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, T4001 MVB, Tucumán Fac. Bioq., Qca. y Farmacia (UNT), Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - S Chaves
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), CONICET-UNT, Instituto de Química Biológica "Dr. Bernabé Bloj", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT. Chacabuco 461, T4000ILI, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M Mechetti
- Laboratorio de Física de Fluidos y Electrorreología, Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino-INFINOA (CONICET-UNT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina
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Zapadka KL, Becher FJ, Uddin S, Varley PG, Bishop S, Gomes Dos Santos AL, Jackson SE. A pH-Induced Switch in Human Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Aggregation Kinetics. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16259-16265. [PMID: 27998088 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation and amyloid fibril formation of peptides and proteins is a widespread phenomenon. It has serious implications in a range of areas from biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications to medical disorders. The aim of this study was to develop a better understanding of the mechanism of aggregation and amyloid fibrillation of an important pharmaceutical, human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is a 31-residue hormone peptide that plays an important role regulating blood glucose levels, analogues of which are used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Amyloid fibril formation of GLP-1 was monitored using thioflavin T fluorescence as a function of peptide concentration between pH 7.5 and 8.2. Results from these studies establish that there is a highly unusual pH-induced switch in GLP-1 aggregation kinetics. At pH 8.2, the kinetics are consistent with a nucleation-polymerization mechanism for fibril formation. However, at pH 7.5, highly unusual kinetics are observed, where the lag time increases with increasing peptide concentration. We attribute this result to the formation of off-pathway species together with an initial slow, unimolecular step where monomer converts to a different monomeric form that forms on-pathway oligomers and ultimately fibrils. Estimation of the pKa values of all the ionizable groups in GLP-1 suggest it is the protonation/deprotonation of the N-terminus that is responsible for the switch with pH. In addition, a range of biophysical techniques were used to characterize (1) the start point of the aggregation reaction and (2) the structure and stability of the fibrils formed. These results show that the off-pathway species form under conditions where GLP-1 is most prone to form oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina L Zapadka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Frederik J Becher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Shahid Uddin
- Formulation Sciences, MedImmune Ltd. , Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Paul G Varley
- Formulation Sciences, MedImmune Ltd. , Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Steve Bishop
- Formulation Sciences, MedImmune , One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | - Sophie E Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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Jacob RS, Sen S, Maji SK. Adhesion of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Differentiation of SH-SY5Y Cells on Amyloid Fibrils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201600071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reeba S. Jacob
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Shamik Sen
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
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26
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Ranganathan S, Maji SK, Padinhateeri R. Defining a Physical Basis for Diversity in Protein Self-Assemblies Using a Minimal Model. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13911-13922. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srivastav Ranganathan
- Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ranjith Padinhateeri
- Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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Ghosh D, Mehra S, Sahay S, Singh PK, Maji SK. α-synuclein aggregation and its modulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 100:37-54. [PMID: 27737778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder marked by the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions, Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs) as well as the degeneration of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. The LBs and LNs in PD are mainly composed of aggregated form of a presynaptic protein, α-synuclein (α-Syn). However, the mechanisms of α-Syn aggregation and actual aggregated species responsible for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons have not yet been resolved. Despite the fact that α-Syn aggregation in LBs and LNs is crucial and mutations of α-Syn are associated with early onset PD, it is really a challenging task to establish a correlation between α-Syn aggregation rate and PD pathogenesis. Regardless of strong genetic contribution, PD is mostly sporadic and familial forms of the disease represent only a minor part (<10%) of all cases. The complexity in PD further increases due to the involvement of several cellular factors in the pathogenesis of the disease as well as the environmental factors associated with the risk of developing PD. Therefore, effect of these factors on α-Syn aggregation pathway and how these factors modulate the properties of wild type (WT) as well as mutated α-Syn should be collectively taken into account. The present review specifically provides an overview of recent research on α-Syn aggregation pathways and its modulation by several cellular factors potentially relevant to PD pathogenesis. We also briefly discuss about effect of environmental risk factors on α-Syn aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Surabhi Mehra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shruti Sahay
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Amyloid formation of growth hormone in presence of zinc: Relevance to its storage in secretory granules. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23370. [PMID: 27004850 PMCID: PMC4804206 DOI: 10.1038/srep23370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are cross-β-sheet fibrillar aggregates, associated with various human diseases and native functions such as protein/peptide hormone storage inside secretory granules of neuroendocrine cells. In the current study, using amyloid detecting agents, we show that growth hormone (GH) could be stored as amyloid in the pituitary of rat. Moreover, to demonstrate the formation of GH amyloid in vitro, we studied various conditions (solvents, glycosaminoglycans, salts and metal ions) and found that in presence of zinc metal ions (Zn(II)), GH formed short curvy fibrils. The amyloidogenic nature of these fibrils was examined by Thioflavin T binding, Congo Red binding, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Our biophysical studies also suggest that Zn(II) initiates the early oligomerization of GH that eventually facilitates the fibrillation process. Furthermore, using immunofluorescence study of pituitary tissue, we show that GH in pituitary significantly co-localizes with Zn(II), suggesting the probable role of zinc in GH aggregation within secretory granules. We also found that GH amyloid formed in vitro is capable of releasing monomers. The study will help to understand the possible mechanism of GH storage, its regulation and monomer release from the somatotrophs of anterior pituitary.
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29
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Ranganathan S, Ghosh D, Maji SK, Padinhateeri R. A minimal conformational switching-dependent model for amyloid self-assembly. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21103. [PMID: 26883720 PMCID: PMC4756677 DOI: 10.1038/srep21103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid formation is associated with various pathophysiological conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as many useful functions. The hallmark of amyloid assemblies is a conformational transition of the constituent proteins into a β - sheet rich filament. Accounting for this conformational transition in amyloidogenic proteins, we develop an analytically solvable model that can probe the dynamics of an ensemble of single filaments. Using the theory and Monte Carlo simulations, we show the presence of two kinetic regimes for the growth of a self-assembling filament – switching-dependent and –independent growth regimes. We observe a saturation in fibril elongation velocities at higher concentrations in the first regime, providing a novel explanation to the concentration-independence of growth velocities observed experimentally. We also compute the length fluctuation of the filaments to characterize aggregate heterogeneity. From the early velocities and length fluctuation, we propose a novel way of estimating the conformational switching rate. Our theory predicts a kinetic phase diagram that has three distinct phases – short oligomers/monomers, disordered aggregates and β -rich filaments. The model also predicts the force generation potential and the intermittent growth of amyloid fibrils evident from single molecular experiments. Our model could contribute significantly to the physical understanding of amyloid aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
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30
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Jacob RS, George E, Singh PK, Salot S, Anoop A, Jha NN, Sen S, Maji SK. Cell Adhesion on Amyloid Fibrils Lacking Integrin Recognition Motif. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5278-98. [PMID: 26742841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are highly ordered, cross-β-sheet-rich protein/peptide aggregates associated with both human diseases and native functions. Given the well established ability of amyloids in interacting with cell membranes, we hypothesize that amyloids can serve as universal cell-adhesive substrates. Here, we show that, similar to the extracellular matrix protein collagen, amyloids of various proteins/peptides support attachment and spreading of cells via robust stimulation of integrin expression and formation of integrin-based focal adhesions. Additionally, amyloid fibrils are also capable of immobilizing non-adherent red blood cells through charge-based interactions. Together, our results indicate that both active and passive mechanisms contribute to adhesion on amyloid fibrils. The present data may delineate the functional aspect of cell adhesion on amyloids by various organisms and its involvement in human diseases. Our results also raise the exciting possibility that cell adhesivity might be a generic property of amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeba S Jacob
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Edna George
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Pradeep K Singh
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Shimul Salot
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Arunagiri Anoop
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Narendra Nath Jha
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Shamik Sen
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Samir K Maji
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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31
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Moorthy BS, Ghomi HT, Lill MA, Topp EM. Structural transitions and interactions in the early stages of human glucagon amyloid fibrillation. Biophys J 2015; 108:937-948. [PMID: 25692598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the intermolecular interactions and structural changes during fibrillation is crucial for the design of safe and efficacious glucagon formulations. Amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange with mass spectrometric analysis was used to identify the interactions and amino acids involved in the initial stages of glucagon fibril formation at acidic pH. Kinetic measurements from intrinsic and thioflavin T fluorescence showed sigmoidal behavior. Secondary structural measurement of fibrillating glucagon using far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy showed changes in structure from random coil → α-helix → β-sheet, with increase in α-helix content during the lag phase followed by increase in β-sheet content during the growth phase. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange with mass spectrometric analysis of fibrillating glucagon suggested that C-terminal residues 22-29 are involved in interactions during the lag phase, during which N-terminal residues 1-6 showed no changes. Molecular dynamics simulations of glucagon fragments showed C-terminal to C-terminal interactions with greater α-helix content for the 20-29 fragment, with hydrophobic and aromatic residues (Phe-22, Trp-25, Val-23, and Met-27) predominantly involved. Overall, the study shows that glucagon interactions during the early phase of fibrillation are mediated through C-terminal residues, which facilitate the formation of α-helix-rich oligomers, which further undergo structural rearrangement and elongation to form β-sheet-rich mature fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan S Moorthy
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Hamed Tabatabaei Ghomi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Markus A Lill
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Elizabeth M Topp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
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32
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Singh PK, Ghosh D, Tewari D, Mohite GM, Carvalho E, Jha NN, Jacob RS, Sahay S, Banerjee R, Bera AK, Maji SK. Cytotoxic helix-rich oligomer formation by melittin and pancreatic polypeptide. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120346. [PMID: 25803428 PMCID: PMC4372375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conversion of amyloid fibrils by many peptides/proteins involves cytotoxic helix-rich oligomers. However, their toxicity and biophysical studies remain largely unknown due to their highly dynamic nature. To address this, we chose two helical peptides (melittin, Mel and pancreatic polypeptide, PP) and studied their aggregation and toxicity. Mel converted its random coil structure to oligomeric helical structure upon binding to heparin; however, PP remained as helix after oligomerization. Interestingly, similar to Parkinson’s associated α-synuclein (AS) oligomers, Mel and PP also showed tinctorial properties, higher hydrophobic surface exposure, cellular toxicity and membrane pore formation after oligomerization in the presence of heparin. We suggest that helix-rich oligomers with exposed hydrophobic surface are highly cytotoxic to cells irrespective of their disease association. Moreover as Mel and PP (in the presence of heparin) instantly self-assemble into stable helix-rich amyloidogenic oligomers; they could be represented as models for understanding the biophysical and cytotoxic properties of helix-rich intermediates in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K. Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debanjan Tewari
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh M. Mohite
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Edmund Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Narendra Nath Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Reeba S. Jacob
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shruti Sahay
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amal K. Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samir K. Maji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
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Investigating the intrinsic aggregation potential of evolutionarily conserved segments in p53. Biochemistry 2014; 53:5995-6010. [PMID: 25181279 DOI: 10.1021/bi500825d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation and amyloid formation are known to play a role both in diseases and in biological functions. Transcription factor p53 plays a major role in tumor suppression by maintaining genomic stability. Recent studies have suggested that amyloid formation of p53 could lead to its loss of physiological function as a tumor suppressor. Here, we investigated the intrinsic amyloidogenic nature of wild-type p53 using sequence analysis. We used bioinformatics and aggregation prediction algorithms to establish the evolutionarily conserved nature of aggregation-prone sequences in wild-type p53. Further, we analyzed the amyloid forming capacity of conserved and aggregation-prone p53-derived peptides PILTIITL and YFTLQI in vitro using various biophysical techniques, including all atom molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, we probed the seeding ability of the PILTIITL peptide on p53 aggregation in vitro and in cells. Our data demonstrate the intrinsic amyloid forming ability of a sequence stretch of the p53 DNA binding domain (DBD) and its aggregation templating behavior on full-length and p53 core domain. Therefore, p53 aggregation, instigated through an amyloidogenic segment in its DBD, could be a putative driving force for p53 aggregation in vivo.
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Zhao D, Zhang S, Meng Y, Xiongwei D, Zhang D, Liang Y, Wang L, Liu C. Polyanion binding accelerates the formation of stable and low-toxic aggregates of ALS-linked SOD1 mutant A4V. Proteins 2014; 82:3356-72. [PMID: 25220364 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The toxic property thus far shared by both ALS-linked SOD1 variants and wild-type SOD1 is an increased propensity to aggregation. However, whether SOD1 oligomers or aggregates are toxic to cells remains to be well defined. Moreover, how the toxic SOD1 species are removed from intra- and extracellular environments also needs to be further explored. The DNA binding has been shown to be capable of accelerating the aggregatio\n of wild-type and oxidized SOD1 forms under acidic and neutral conditions. In this study, we explore the binding of DNA and heparin, two types of essential life polyanions, to A4V, an ALS-linked SOD1 mutant, under acidic conditions, and its consequences. The polyanion binding alters the A4V conformation, neutralizes its local positive charges, and increases its local concentrations along the polyanion chain, which are sufficient to lead to acceleration of the pH-dependent A4V aggregation. The accelerated aggregation, which is ascribed to the polyanion binding-mediated removal or shortening of the lag phase in aggregation, contributes to the formation of amorphous A4V nanoparticles. The prolonged incubation with polyanions not only results in the complete conversion of likely soluble toxic A4V oligomers into non- and low-toxic SDS-resistant aggregates, but also increases their stability. Although this is only an initial step toward reducing the toxicity of SOD1 mutants, the accelerating role of polyanions in protein aggregation might become one of the rapid pathways that remove toxic forms of SOD1 mutants from intra- and extracellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Rovó P, Farkas V, Stráner P, Szabó M, Jermendy Á, Hegyi O, Tóth GK, Perczel A. Rational Design of α-Helix-Stabilized Exendin-4 Analogues. Biochemistry 2014; 53:3540-52. [DOI: 10.1021/bi500033c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rovó
- Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Farkas
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Stráner
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Jermendy
- 1st
Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Hegyi
- Department
of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor K. Tóth
- Department
of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- Laboratory
of Structural Chemistry and Biology, Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modelling Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Anoop A, Ranganathan S, Das Dhaked B, Jha NN, Pratihar S, Ghosh S, Sahay S, Kumar S, Das S, Kombrabail M, Agarwal K, Jacob RS, Singru P, Bhaumik P, Padinhateeri R, Kumar A, Maji SK. Elucidating the role of disulfide bond on amyloid formation and fibril reversibility of somatostatin-14: relevance to its storage and secretion. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16884-903. [PMID: 24782311 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The storage of protein/peptide hormones within subcellular compartments and subsequent release are crucial for their native function, and hence these processes are intricately regulated in mammalian systems. Several peptide hormones were recently suggested to be stored as amyloids within endocrine secretory granules. This leads to an apparent paradox where storage requires formation of aggregates, and their function requires a supply of non-aggregated peptides on demand. The precise mechanism behind amyloid formation by these hormones and their subsequent release remain an open question. To address this, we examined aggregation and fibril reversibility of a cyclic peptide hormone somatostatin (SST)-14 using various techniques. After proving that SST gets stored as amyloid in vivo, we investigated the role of native structure in modulating its conformational dynamics and self-association by disrupting the disulfide bridge (Cys(3)-Cys(14)) in SST. Using two-dimensional NMR, we resolved the initial structure of somatostatin-14 leading to aggregation and further probed its conformational dynamics in silico. The perturbation in native structure (S-S cleavage) led to a significant increase in conformational flexibility and resulted in rapid amyloid formation. The fibrils formed by disulfide-reduced noncyclic SST possess greater resistance to denaturing conditions with decreased monomer releasing potency. MD simulations reveal marked differences in the intermolecular interactions in SST and noncyclic SST providing plausible explanation for differential aggregation and fibril reversibility observed experimentally in these structural variants. Our findings thus emphasize that subtle changes in the native structure of peptide hormone(s) could alter its conformational dynamics and amyloid formation, which might have significant implications on their reversible storage and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunagiri Anoop
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Srivastav Ranganathan
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Bhagwan Das Dhaked
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Narendra Nath Jha
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Supriya Pratihar
- the Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Shruti Sahay
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Santosh Kumar
- the School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751 005, and
| | - Subhadeep Das
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, the IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Mamata Kombrabail
- the Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005
| | - Kumud Agarwal
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Reeba S Jacob
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Praful Singru
- the School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 751 005, and
| | - Prasenjit Bhaumik
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Ranjith Padinhateeri
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076,
| | - Samir K Maji
- From the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076,
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37
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Ghosh D, Dutta P, Chakraborty C, Singh PK, Anoop A, Jha NN, Jacob RS, Mondal M, Mankar S, Das S, Malik S, Maji SK. Complexation of amyloid fibrils with charged conjugated polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:3775-3786. [PMID: 24678792 DOI: 10.1021/la404739f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that conjugated charged polymers are amyloid imaging agents and promising therapeutic candidates for neurological disorders. However, very less is known about their efficacy in modulating the amyloid aggregation pathway. Here, we studied the modulation of Parkinson's disease associated α-synuclein (AS) amyloid assembly kinetics using conjugated polyfluorene polymers (PF, cationic; PFS, anionic). We also explored the complexation of these charged polymers with the various AS aggregated species including amyloid fibrils and oligomers using multidisciplinary biophysical techniques. Our data suggests that both polymers irrespective of their different charges in the side chains increase the fibrilization kinetics of AS and also remarkably change the morphology of the resultant amyloid fibrils. Both polymers were incorporated/aligned onto the AS amyloid fibrils as evident from electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the resultant complexes were structurally distinct from their pristine form of both polymers and AS supported by FTIR study. Additionally, we observed that the mechanism of interactions between the polymers with different species of AS aggregates were markedly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, Maharashtra, Mumbai 400076, India
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