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Liu L, Wang W, Wu S, Gao H. Recent Advances in the Siderophore Biology of Shewanella. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:823758. [PMID: 35250939 PMCID: PMC8891985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.823758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the abundance of iron in nature, iron acquisition is a challenge for life in general because the element mostly exists in the extremely insoluble ferric (Fe3+) form in oxic environments. To overcome this, microbes have evolved multiple iron uptake strategies, a common one of which is through the secretion of siderophores, which are iron-chelating metabolites generated endogenously. Siderophore-mediated iron transport, a standby when default iron transport routes are abolished under iron rich conditions, is essential under iron starvation conditions. While there has been a wealth of knowledge about the molecular basis of siderophore synthesis, uptake and regulation in model bacteria, we still know surprisingly little about siderophore biology in diverse environmental microbes. Shewanella represent a group of γ-proteobacteria capable of respiring a variety of organic and inorganic substrates, including iron ores. This respiratory process relies on a large number of iron proteins, c-type cytochromes in particular. Thus, iron plays an essential and special role in physiology of Shewanella. In addition, these bacteria use a single siderophore biosynthetic system to produce an array of macrocyclic dihydroxamate siderophores, some of which show particular biological activities. In this review, we first outline current understanding of siderophore synthesis, uptake and regulation in model bacteria, and subsequently discuss the siderophore biology in Shewanella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haichun Gao
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Ortiz BJ, Jennings J, Gross WS, Santos TMA, Lin TY, Weibel DB, Lynn DM. Soft Materials that Intercept, Respond to, and Sequester Bacterial Siderophores. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:5401-5412. [PMID: 35341019 PMCID: PMC8945880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and characterization of Fe-containing soft materials that respond to, interface with, and/or sequester Fe-chelating 'siderophores' that bacteria use to scavenge for iron and regulate iron homeostasis. We demonstrate that metal-organic network coatings fabricated by crosslinking tannic acid with iron(III) are stable in bacterial growth media, but erode upon exposure to biologically relevant concentrations of enterobactin and deferoxamine B, two siderophores produced by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Our results are consistent with changes in network stability triggered by the extraction of iron(III) and reveal rates of siderophore-induced disassembly to depend upon both siderophore concentration and affinity for iron(III). These coatings also disassemble when incubated in the presence of cultures of wild-type Escherichia coli. Assays using genetically modified strains of E. coli reveal the erosion of these materials by live cultures to be promoted by secretion of enterobactin and not from other factors resulting from bacterial growth and metabolism. This stimuli-responsive behavior can also be exploited to design coatings that release the Fe-chelating antibiotic ciprofloxacin into bacterial cultures. Finally, we report the discovery of Fe-containing polymer hydrogels that avidly sequester and scavenge enterobactin from surrounding media. The materials reported here are (i) capable of interfacing or interfering with mechanisms that bacteria use to maintain iron homeostasis, either by yielding iron to or by sequestering iron-scavenging agents from bacteria, and can (ii) respond dynamically to or report on the presence of populations of iron-scavenging bacteria. Our results thus provide new tools that could prove useful for microbiological research and enable new stimuli-responsive strategies for interfacing with or controlling the behaviors of communities of iron-scavenging bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - James Jennings
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Ave., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - William S. Gross
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Thiago M. A. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ti-Yu Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Douglas B. Weibel
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Ave., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1550 Engineering. Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Current Address: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstraße 50, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (D.B.W.); (D.M.L.)
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Dr., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Ave., University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Current Address: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstraße 50, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (D.B.W.); (D.M.L.)
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Endicott N, Rivera GSM, Yang J, Wencewicz TA. Emergence of Ferrichelatase Activity in a Siderophore-Binding Protein Supports an Iron Shuttle in Bacteria. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:493-506. [PMID: 32341999 PMCID: PMC7181320 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Siderophores are small-molecule high-affinity multidentate chelators selective for ferric iron that are produced by pathogenic microbes to aid in nutrient sequestration and enhance virulence. In Gram-positive bacteria, the currently accepted paradigm in siderophore-mediated iron acquisition is that effluxed metal-free siderophores extract ferric iron from biological sources and the resulting ferric siderophore complex undergoes diffusion-controlled association with a surface-displayed siderophore-binding protein (SBP) followed by ABC permease-mediated translocation across the cell envelope powered by ATP hydrolysis. Here we show that a more efficient paradigm is possible in Gram-positive bacteria where extracellular metal-free siderophores associate directly with apo-SBPs on the cell surface and serve as non-covalent cofactors that enable the holo-SBPs to non-reductively extract ferric iron directly from host metalloproteins with so-called "ferrichelatase" activity. The resulting SBP-bound ferric siderophore complex is ready for import through an associated membrane permease and enzymatic turnover is achieved through cofactor replacement from the readily available pool of extracellular siderophores. This new "iron shuttle" model closes a major knowledge gap in microbial iron acquisition and defines new roles of the siderophore and SBP as cofactor and enzyme, respectively, in addition to the classically accepted roles as a transport substrate and receptor pair. We propose the formal name "siderophore-dependent ferrichelatases" for this new class of catalytic SBPs.
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Oviedo JM, Surmann K, Gorgojo JP, Valdez H, Dhople VM, Lamberti Y, Völker U, Rodriguez ME. Shotgun proteomic analysis of Bordetella parapertussis provides insights into the physiological response to iron starvation and potential new virulence determinants absent in Bordetella pertussis. J Proteomics 2019; 206:103448. [PMID: 31325608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bordetella parapertussis is one of the pathogens that cause whooping cough. Even though its incidence has been rising in the last decades, this species remained poorly investigated. This study reports the first extensive proteome analysis of this bacterium. In an attempt to gain some insight into the infective phenotype, we evaluated the response of B. parapertussis to iron starvation, a critical stress the bacteria face during infection. Among other relevant findings, we observed that the adaptation to this condition involves significant changes in the abundance of two important virulence factors of this pathogen, namely, adenylate cyclase and the O-antigen. We further used the proteomic data to search for B. parapertussis proteins that are absent or classified as pseudogenes in the genome of Bordetella pertussis to unravel differences between both whooping cough causative agents. Among them, we identified proteins involved in stress resistance and virulence determinants that might help to explain the differences in the pathogenesis of these species and the lack of cross-protection of current acellular vaccines. Altogether, these results contribute to a better understanding of B. parapertussis biology and pathogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: Whooping cough is a reemerging disease caused by both Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis. Current vaccines fail to induce protection against B parapertussis and the incidence of this species has been rising over the years. The proteomic analysis of this study provided relevant insights into potential virulence determinants of this poorly-studied pathogen. It further identified proteins produced by B. parapertussis not present in B. pertussis, which might help to explain both the differences on their respective infectious process and the current vaccine failure. Altogether, the results of this study contribute to the better understanding of B. parapertussis pathogenesis and the eventual design of improved preventive strategies against whooping cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Marcos Oviedo
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Kristin Surmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Gorgojo
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Hugo Valdez
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Vishnu M Dhople
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yanina Lamberti
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Rodriguez
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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Luu LDW, Octavia S, Zhong L, Raftery MJ, Sintchenko V, Lan R. Proteomic Adaptation of Australian Epidemic Bordetella pertussis. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700237. [PMID: 29464899 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough. The predominant strains in Australia changed to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) cluster I (pertussis toxin promoter allele ptxP3/pertactin gene allele prn2) from cluster II (non-ptxP3/non-prn2). Cluster I was mostly responsible for the 2008-2012 Australian epidemic and was found to have higher fitness compared to cluster II using an in vivo mouse competition assay, regardless of host's immunization status. This study aimed to identify proteomic differences that explain higher fitness in cluster I using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), and high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRM-hr). A few key differences in the whole cell and secretome were identified between the cluster I and II strains tested. In the whole cell, nine proteins were upregulated (>1.2 fold change, q < 0.05) and three were downregulated (<0.8 fold change, q < 0.05) in cluster I. One downregulated protein was BP1569, a TLR2 agonist for Th1 immunity. In the secretome, 12 proteins were upregulated and 1 was downregulated which was Bsp22, a type III secretion system (T3SS) protein. Furthermore, there was a trend of downregulation in three T3SS effectors and other virulence factors. Three proteins were upregulated in both whole cell and supernatant: BP0200, molybdate ABC transporter (ModB), and tracheal colonization factor A (TcfA). Important expression differences in lipoprotein, T3SS, and transport proteins between the cluster I and II strains were identified. These differences may affect immune evasion, virulence and metabolism, and play a role in increased fitness of cluster I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Don Wai Luu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sophie Octavia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ling Zhong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark J Raftery
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vitali Sintchenko
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research-Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Dorji D, Mooi F, Yantorno O, Deora R, Graham RM, Mukkur TK. Bordetella Pertussis virulence factors in the continuing evolution of whooping cough vaccines for improved performance. Med Microbiol Immunol 2017; 207:3-26. [PMID: 29164393 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-017-0524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite high vaccine coverage, whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis remains one of the most common vaccine-preventable diseases worldwide. Introduction of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines in the 1940s and acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines in 1990s reduced the mortality due to pertussis. Despite induction of both antibody and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses by aP and wP vaccines, there has been resurgence of pertussis in many countries in recent years. Possible reasons hypothesised for resurgence have ranged from incompliance with the recommended vaccination programmes with the currently used aP vaccine to infection with a resurged clinical isolates characterised by mutations in the virulence factors, resulting in antigenic divergence with vaccine strain, and increased production of pertussis toxin, resulting in dampening of immune responses. While use of these vaccines provide varying degrees of protection against whooping cough, protection against infection and transmission appears to be less effective, warranting continuation of efforts in the development of an improved pertussis vaccine formulations capable of achieving this objective. Major approaches currently under evaluation for the development of an improved pertussis vaccine include identification of novel biofilm-associated antigens for incorporation in current aP vaccine formulations, development of live attenuated vaccines and discovery of novel non-toxic adjuvants capable of inducing both antibody and CMI. In this review, the potential roles of different accredited virulence factors, including novel biofilm-associated antigens, of B. pertussis in the evolution, formulation and delivery of improved pertussis vaccines, with potential to block the transmission of whooping cough in the community, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorji Dorji
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, 6102, Australia
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Khesar Gyalpo Medical University of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Frits Mooi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Osvaldo Yantorno
- Laboratorio de Biofilms Microbianos, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI-CONICET-CCT La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Rajendar Deora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ross M Graham
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, 6102, Australia
| | - Trilochan K Mukkur
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, 6102, Australia.
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Gasperini G, Arato V, Pizza M, Aricò B, Leuzzi R. Physiopathological roles of spontaneously released outer membrane vesicles of Bordetella pertussis. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:1247-1259. [PMID: 28980823 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Bordetella pertussis has been shown to release outer membrane vesicles (OMV) both in vitro and in vivo but little is known about their biological role during the initial phases of B. pertussis infection of the airways. RESULTS We have demonstrated that OMV are released by B. pertussis in a human ciliated-airway cell model and purified vesicles can interact with host cells. Binding and uptake are strictly Bvg-regulated and OMV-associated pertussis toxin contributes to host-cell intoxication. Furthermore, we have shown that OMV act as iron-delivery systems complementing the B. pertussis growth defect in iron-limiting conditions. CONCLUSION We have proved that OMV play different roles in B. pertussis physiopathology and we opened new perspectives to be further investigated.
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8
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Hollibaugh JT, Luo H. Ecotype diversification of an abundant Roseobacter lineage. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:1625-1638. [PMID: 28142225 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Roseobacter DC5-80-3 cluster (also known as the RCA clade) is among the most abundant bacterial lineages in temperate and polar oceans. Previous studies revealed two phylotypes within this cluster that are distinctly distributed in the Antarctic and other ocean provinces. Here, we report a nearly complete genome co-assembly of three closely related single cells co-occurring in the Antarctic, and compare it to the available genomes of the other phylotype from ocean regions where iron is more accessible but phosphorus and nitrogen are less. The Antarctic phylotype exclusively contains an operon structure consisting of a dicitrate transporter fecBCDE and an upstream regulator likely for iron uptake, whereas the other phylotype consistently carry a high-affinity phosphate pst transporter and the phoB-phoR regulatory system, a high-affinity ammonium amtB transporter, urea and taurine utilization systems. Moreover, the Antarctic phylotype uses proteorhodopsin to acquire light, whereas the other uses bacteriochlorophyll-a and the sulfur-oxidizing sox cluster for energy acquisition. This is potentially an iron-saving strategy for the Antarctic phylotype because only the latter two pathways have iron-requiring cytochromes. Therefore, the two DC5-80-3 phylotypes, while diverging by only 1.1% in their 16S rRNA genes, have evolved systematic differences in metabolism to support their distinct ecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen, 361101, China
| | - James T Hollibaugh
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Haiwei Luo
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518000, China.,Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Banerjee S, Paul S, Nguyen LT, Chu BCH, Vogel HJ. FecB, a periplasmic ferric-citrate transporter from E. coli, can bind different forms of ferric-citrate as well as a wide variety of metal-free and metal-loaded tricarboxylic acids. Metallomics 2016; 8:125-33. [PMID: 26600288 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00218d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Escherichia coli Fec system, consisting of an outer membrane receptor (FecA), a periplasmic substrate binding protein (FecB) and an inner membrane permease-ATPase type transporter (FecC/D), plays an important role in the uptake and transport of Fe(3+)-citrate. Although several FecB sequences from various organisms have been reported, there are no biophysical or structural data available for this protein to date. In this work, using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we report for the first time the ability of FecB to bind different species of Fe(3+)-citrate as well as other citrate complexes with trivalent (Ga(3+), Al(3+), Sc(3+) and In(3+)) and a representative divalent metal ion (Mg(2+)) with low μM affinity. Interestingly, ITC experiments with various iron-free di- and tricarboxylic acids show that FecB can bind tricarboxylates with μM affinity but not biologically relevant dicarboxylates. The ability of FecB to bind with metal-free citrate is also observed in (1)H,(15)N HSQC-NMR titration experiments reported here at two different pH values. Further, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments indicate that the ligand-bound form of FecB has greater thermal stability than ligand-free FecB under all pH and ligand conditions tested, which is consistent with the idea of domain closure subsequent to ligand binding for this type of periplasmic binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambuddha Banerjee
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Subrata Paul
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Leonard T Nguyen
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Byron C H Chu
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Hans J Vogel
- Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Carlier A, Fehr L, Pinto-Carbó M, Schäberle T, Reher R, Dessein S, König G, Eberl L. The genome analysis of Candidatus Burkholderia crenata reveals that secondary metabolism may be a key function of the Ardisia crenata leaf nodule symbiosis. Environ Microbiol 2016; 18:2507-22. [PMID: 26663534 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A majority of Ardisia species harbour Burkholderia sp. bacteria within specialized leaf nodules. The bacteria are transmitted hereditarily and have not yet been cultured outside of their host. Because the plants cannot develop beyond the seedling stage without their symbionts, the symbiosis is considered obligatory. We sequenced for the first time the genome of Candidatus Burkholderia crenata (Ca. B. crenata), the leaf nodule symbiont of Ardisia crenata. The genome of Ca. B. crenata is the smallest Burkholderia genome to date. It contains a large amount of insertion sequences and pseudogenes and displays features consistent with reductive genome evolution. The genome does not encode functions commonly associated with plant symbioses such as nitrogen fixation and plant hormone metabolism. However, we identified unique genes with a predicted role in secondary metabolism in the genome of Ca. B. crenata. Specifically, we provide evidence that the bacterial symbionts are responsible for the synthesis of compound FR900359, a cyclic depsipeptide with biomedical properties previously isolated from leaves of A. crenata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelien Carlier
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Microbiology, University of Ghent, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Linda Fehr
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marta Pinto-Carbó
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Till Schäberle
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Raphael Reher
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Dessein
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.,National Botanic Garden of Belgium, 1860, Meise, Belgium
| | - Gabriele König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
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Fazary AE, Ju YH, Al-Shihri AS, Alfaifi MY, Alshehri MA. Biodegradable siderophores: survey on their production, chelating and complexing properties. REV INORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe academic and industrial research on the interactions of complexing agents with the environment has received more attention for more than half a century ago and has always been concerned with the applications of chelating agents in the environment. In contrast, in recent years, an increasing scholarly interest has been demonstrated in the chemical and biological degradation of chelating agents. This is reflected by the increasing number of chelating agents-related publications between 1950 and middle of 2016. Consequently, the discovery of new green biodegradable chelating agents is of great importance and has an impact in the non-biodegradable chelating agent’s replacement with their green chemistry analogs. To acquire iron, many bacteria growing aerobically, including marine species, produce siderophores, which are low-molecular-weight compounds produced to facilitate acquisition of iron. To date and to the best of our knowledge, this is a concise and complete review article of the current and previous relevant studies conducted in the field of production, purification of siderophore compounds and their metal complexes, and their roles in biology and medicine.
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