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Tang W, Shen T, Chen Z. In silico discovery of potential PPI inhibitors for anti-lung cancer activity by targeting the CCND1-CDK4 complex via the P21 inhibition mechanism. Front Chem 2024; 12:1404573. [PMID: 38957406 PMCID: PMC11217521 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1404573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent and deadly form of lung cancer worldwide with a low 5-year survival rate. Current treatments have limitations, particularly for advanced-stage patients. P21, a protein that inhibits the CCND1-CDK4 complex, plays a crucial role in cell proliferation. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) based on pharmacophores can screen and design PPI inhibitors targeting the CCND1-CDK4 complex. By analyzing known inhibitors, key pharmacophores are identified, and computational methods are used to screen potential PPI inhibitors. Molecular docking, pharmacophore matching, and structure-activity relationship studies optimize the inhibitors. This approach accelerates the discovery of CCND1-CDK4 PPI inhibitors for NSCLC treatment. Molecular dynamics simulations of CCND1-CDK4-P21 and CCND1-CDK4 complexes showed stable behavior, comprehensive sampling, and P21's impact on complex stability and hydrogen bond formation. A pharmacophore model facilitated virtual screening, identifying compounds with favorable binding affinities. Further simulations confirmed the stability and interactions of selected compounds, including 513457. This study demonstrates the potential of CADD in optimizing PPI inhibitors targeting the CCND1-CDK4 complex for NSCLC treatment. Extended simulations and experimental validations are necessary to assess their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhoumiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Yang H, Li S, Li W, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Hao Y, Cao W, Xu F, Wang H, Du G, Wang J. Actinomycin D synergizes with Doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer by inducing P53-dependent cell apoptosis. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:262-273. [PMID: 37997385 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are three major subtypes of breast cancer, ER+, HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), namely ER-, PR-, HER2-. TNBC is the most aggressive breast cancer with poor prognosis and no target drug up to now. Actinomycin D (ActD) is a bioactive metabolite of marine bacteria that has been reported to have antitumor activity. The aim of study is to investigate whether ActD has a synergetic effect on TNBC with Doxorubicin (Dox), the major chemotherapeutic drug for TNBC, and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS TNBC cell lines HCC1937, MDA-MB-436 and nude mice were used in the study. Drug synergy determination, LDH assay, MMP assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, Flow cytometry, Flexible docking and CESTA assay were carried out. The expression of proteins associated with apoptosis was checked by Western blot and siRNA experiments were performed to investigate the role of P53 and PUMA induced by drugs. RESULTS There was much higher apoptosis rate of cells in the ActD + Dox group than that in ActD group or Dox group. Expression of MDM2 and BCL-2 was reduced while expression of P53, PUMA and BAX were increased in the groups treated with ActD + Dox or Dox compared to the control group. Furthermore, P53 siRNA or PUMA siRNA tremendously abrogated the cell apoptosis in the groups treated by ActD, Dox and ActD + Dox. Flexible docking and CESTA showed that ActD can bind MDM2. CONCLUSIONS ActD had a synergetic effect on TNBC with Dox via P53-dependent apoptosis and it may be a new choice for treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanxin Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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3
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Jana A, Naga R, Saha S, Griñán-Ferré C, Banerjee DR. Integration of ligand and structure-based pharmacophore screening for the identification of novel natural leads against Euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2/G9a). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3535-3562. [PMID: 37216299 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2213346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a blended ligand and structure-based pharmacophore screening approach to identify new natural leads against the Protein Lysine Methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2/G9a). The EHMT2/G9a has been associated with Cancer, Alzheimer's, and aging and is considered an emerging drug target having no clinically passed inhibitor. Purposefully, we developed the ligand-based pharmacophore (Pharmacophore-L) based on the common features of known inhibitors and the structure-based pharmacophore (Pharmacophore-S) based on the interaction profile of available crystal structures. The Pharmacophore-L and Pharmacophore-S were subjected to multiple tiers of validations and utilized in combination for the screening of total 741543 compounds coming from multiple databases. Additional layers of stringency were applied in the screening process to test drug-likeness (using Lipinski's rule, Veber's rule, SMARTS and ADMET filtration), to rule out any toxicity (TOPKAT analysis). The interaction profiles, stabilities, and comparative analysis against the reference were carried out by flexible docking, MD simulation, and MM-GBSA analysis, which finally led to three leads as potential inhibitors of G9a.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisek Jana
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Rahul Naga
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Sougata Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deb Ranjan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
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Žunec S, Vadlja D, Ramić A, Zandona A, Maraković N, Brekalo I, Primožič I, Katalinić M. Profiling Novel Quinuclidine-Based Derivatives as Potential Anticholinesterase Drugs: Enzyme Inhibition and Effects on Cell Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:155. [PMID: 38203326 PMCID: PMC10778980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic system, relying on the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), plays a significant role in muscle contraction, cognition, and autonomic nervous system regulation. The enzymes acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, responsible for hydrolyzing ACh, can fine-tune the cholinergic system's activity and are, therefore, excellent pharmacological targets to address a range of medical conditions. We designed, synthesized, and profiled 14 N-alkyl quaternary quinuclidines as inhibitors of human AChE and BChE and analyzed their impact on cell viability to assess their safety in the context of application as potential therapeutics. Our results showed that all of the 14 tested quinuclidines inhibited both AChE and BChE in the micromolar range (Ki = 0.26 - 156.2 μM). The highest inhibition potency was observed for two bisquaternary derivatives, 7 (1,1'-(decano)bis(3-hydroxyquinuclidinium bromide)) and 14 (1,1'-(decano)bis(3-hydroxyiminoquinuclidinium bromide)). The cytotoxic effect within 7-200 μM was observed only for monoquaternary quinuclidine derivatives, especially those with the C12-C16 alkyl chain. Further analysis revealed a time-independent mechanism of action, significant LDH release, and a decrease in the cells' mitochondrial membrane potential. Taking all results into consideration, we can confirm that a quinuclidine core presents a good scaffold for cholinesterase binding and that two bisquaternary quinuclidine derivatives could be considered as candidates worth further investigations as drugs acting in the cholinergic system. On the other hand, specific cell-related effects probably triggered by the free long alkyl chain in monoquaternary quinuclidine derivatives should not be neglected in future N-alkyl quaternary quinuclidine derivative structure refinements. Such an effect and their potential to interact with other specific targets, as indicated by a pharmacophore model, open up a new perspective for future investigations of these compounds' scaffold in the treatment of specific conditions and diseases other than cholinergic system-linked disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Žunec
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.Ž.); (A.Z.); (N.M.)
| | - Donna Vadlja
- Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia, Trg Kralja Petra Krešimira IV br. 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Alma Ramić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.R.); (I.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Antonio Zandona
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.Ž.); (A.Z.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.Ž.); (A.Z.); (N.M.)
| | - Iva Brekalo
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.R.); (I.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Ines Primožič
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.R.); (I.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.Ž.); (A.Z.); (N.M.)
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Gates CA, Backos DS, Reigan P, Natale NR. The Lateral Metalation of Isoxazolo[3,4- d]pyridazinones towards Hit-to-Lead Development of Selective Positive Modulators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Molecules 2023; 28:6800. [PMID: 37836643 PMCID: PMC10574779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoxazolo[3,4-d] pyridazinones ([3,4-d]s) were previously shown to have selective positive modulation at the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) Subtypes 2 and 4, with no functional cross-reactivity at mGluR1a, mGluR5, or mGluR8. Additional analogs were prepared to access more of the allosteric pocket and achieve higher binding affinity, as suggested by homology modeling. Two different sets of analogs were generated. One uses the fully formed [3,4-d] with an N6-aryl with and without halogens. These underwent successful selective lateral metalation and electrophilic quenching (LM&EQ) at the C3 of the isoxazole. In a second set of analogs, a phenyl group was introduced at the C4 position of the [3,4-d] ring via a condensation of 4-phenylacetyl-3-ethoxcarbonyl-5-methyl isoxazole with the corresponding hydrazine to generate the 3,4-ds 2b and 2j to 2n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Gates
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Donald S Backos
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Philip Reigan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas R Natale
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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6
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Matošević A, Opsenica DM, Spasić M, Maraković N, Zandona A, Žunec S, Bartolić M, Kovarik Z, Bosak A. Evaluation of 4-aminoquinoline derivatives with an n-octylamino spacer as potential multi-targeting ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110620. [PMID: 37406982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The most successful therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is directed toward increasing levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), the enzymes responsible for its hydrolysis. In this paper, we extended our study on 4-aminoquinolines as human cholinesterase inhibitors on twenty-six new 4-aminoquinolines containing an n-octylamino spacer on C(4) and different substituents on the terminal amino group. We evaluated the potency of new derivatives to act as multi-targeted ligands by determining their inhibition potency towards human AChE and BChE, ability to chelate biometals Fe, Cu and Zn, ability to inhibit the action of β-secretase 1 (BACE1) and their antioxidant capacity. All of the tested derivatives were very potent inhibitors of human AChE and BChE with inhibition constants (Ki) ranging from 0.0023 to 1.6 μM. Most of the compounds were estimated to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by passive transport and were nontoxic to human neuronal, kidney and liver cells in concentrations in which they inhibit cholinesterases. Generally, newly synthesised compounds were weak reductants compared to standard antioxidants, but all possessed a certain amount of antioxidant activity compared to tacrine. Of the eleven most potent cholinesterase inhibitors, eight compounds also inhibited BACE1 activity at 10-18%. Based on our overall results, compounds 8 with 3-fluorobenzyl, 11 with 3-chlorobenzyl and 17 with 3-metoxy benzyl substituents on the terminal amino group stood out as the most promising for the treatment of AD; they strongly inhibited AChE and BChE, were non-toxic on HepG2, HEK293 and SH-SY5Y cells, had the potential to cross the BBB and possessed the ability to chelate biometals and/or inhibit the activity of BACE1 within a range close to the therapeutically desired degree of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Matošević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dejan M Opsenica
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Beograd, Serbia; Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, ICTM, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marta Spasić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Zandona
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suzana Žunec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Bartolić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Bosak
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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7
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Kant R, Jha P, Saluja D, Chopra M. Identification of novel inhibitors of Neisseria gonorrhoeae MurI using homology modeling, structure-based pharmacophore, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation-based approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7433-7446. [PMID: 36106953 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2121943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
MurI is one of the most significant role players in the biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng). We attempted to highlight the structural and functional relationship between Ng-MurI and D-glutamate to design novel molecules targeting this interaction. The three-dimensional (3D) model of the protein was constructed by homology modeling and the quality and consistency of generated model were assessed. The binding site of the protein was identified by molecular docking studies and a pharmacophore was identified using the interactions of the control ligand. The structure-based pharmacophore model was validated and employed for high-throughput virtual screening and molecular docking to identify novel Ng-MurI inhibitors. Finally, the model was optimized by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the optimized model complex with the substrate glutamate and novel molecules facilitated us to confirm the stability of the protein-ligand docked complexes. The 100 ns MD simulations of the potential lead compounds with protein confirmed that the modeled complexes were stable. This study identifies novel potential compounds with good fitness and docking scores, which made the interactions of biological significance within the protein active site. Hence, the identified compounds may act as new leads to design and develop Ng-MurI inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research & Delhi School of Public Health, IoE, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prakash Jha
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Daman Saluja
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research & Delhi School of Public Health, IoE, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Madhu Chopra
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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8
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Tong H, Shao G, Wang L, Li J, Wang T, Zhang L, Lv Y, Ye F, Fu C, Jin Y. Association of a single amino acid replacement with dorsal pigmentation in a lizard from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124907. [PMID: 37230451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Reptiles can evolve adaptive colors in different environments, but relatively little is known about the genetic mechanisms. Here, we identified the MC1R gene and its association with intraspecific color variation in the lizard Phrynocephalus erythrurus. Analysis of the MC1R sequence in 143 individuals from dark South Qiangtang Plateau (SQP) and light North Qiangtang plateau (NQP) populations, revealed two amino acid sites that showed significant differences in frequency between two areas. One SNP, corresponding to Glu183Lys residue, was found to be a highly significant outlier and differentially fixed for SQP and NQP populations. This residue is located in an extracellular area in the second small extracellular loop within the secondary structure of MC1R, which represents an "attachment pocket" part of the 3D structure. Cytological expression of MC1R alleles with the Glu183Lys replacement showed a 39 % increase in intracellular agonist-induced cyclic AMP levels and a 23.18 % greater cell surface expression of MC1R protein in the SQP relative to the NQP allele. Further in silico 3D modeling and in vitro binding experiments indicated a higher MC1R-α-MSH binding for the SQP allele, and elevated melanin synthesis. We provide an overview of how a single amino acid replacement leads to fundamental changes in MC1R function, and hence shapes variation in dorsal pigmentation in lizards from different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Tong
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Gang Shao
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Leijie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Jiasheng Li
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yudie Lv
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Fei Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Caiyun Fu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuanting Jin
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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9
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Drug Repurposing to Inhibit Histamine N-Methyl Transferase. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020576. [PMID: 36677633 PMCID: PMC9867436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lower activity of the histaminergic system is associated with neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the enhancement of histaminergic neurotransmission by inhibition of histamine N-methyl transferase (HNMT), which degrades histamine, appears as an important approach. For this purpose, rigid and flexible molecular docking studies of 185 FDA-approved drugs with the HNMT enzyme were carried out to select two compounds to perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to evaluate the binding free energies and stability of the enzyme-drug complexes. Finally, an HNMT inhibition assay was performed to corroborate their effect towards HNMT. Molecular docking studies with HNMT allowed the selection of dihydroergotamine and vilazodone since these molecules showed the lowest Gibbs free energy values. Analysis of the binding mode of vilazodone showed interactions with the binding pocket of HNMT with Glu28, Gln143, and Asn283. In contrast, dihydroergotamine binds to the HNMT active site in a different location, apparently because it is overall the more rigid ligand compared to flexible vilazodone. HNMT inhibitory activity for dihydroergotamine and vilazodone was corroborated (IC50 = 72.89 μM and 45.01 μM, respectively) by in vitro assays. Drug repurposing of HNMT was achieved by employing computational studies.
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10
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Salem IM, Mostafa SM, Salama I, El-Sabbagh OI, A. H. Hegazy W, Ibrahim TS. Human dihydrofolate reductase inhibition effect of 1-Phenylpyrazolo[3,4–d]pyrimidines: Synthesis, antitumor evaluation and molecular modeling study. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Gašo Sokač D, Zandona A, Roca S, Vikić-Topić D, Lihtar G, Maraković N, Bušić V, Kovarik Z, Katalinić M. Potential of Vitamin B6 Dioxime Analogues to Act as Cholinesterase Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13388. [PMID: 36362178 PMCID: PMC9655973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Seven pyridoxal dioxime quaternary salts (1-7) were synthesized with the aim of studying their interactions with human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The synthesis was achieved by the quaternization of pyridoxal monooxime with substituted 2-bromoacetophenone oximes (phenacyl bromide oximes). All compounds, prepared in good yields (43-76%) and characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, were evaluated as reversible inhibitors of cholinesterase and/or reactivators of enzymes inhibited by toxic organophosphorus compounds. Their potency was compared with that of their monooxime analogues and medically approved oxime HI-6. The obtained pyridoxal dioximes were relatively weak inhibitors for both enzymes (Ki = 100-400 µM). The second oxime group in the structure did not improve the binding compared to the monooxime analogues. The same was observed for reactivation of VX-, tabun-, and paraoxon-inhibited AChE and BChE, where no significant efficiency burst was noted. In silico analysis and molecular docking studies connected the kinetic data to the structural features of the tested compound, showing that the low binding affinity and reactivation efficacy may be a consequence of a bulk structure hindering important reactive groups. The tested dioximes were non-toxic to human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) and human embryonal kidney cells (HEK293).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Gašo Sokač
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Antonio Zandona
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sunčica Roca
- NMR Centre, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dražen Vikić-Topić
- NMR Centre, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Natural and Health Sciences, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagrebačka 30, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Lihtar
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentina Bušić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, F. Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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12
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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Biscarbamates as Potential Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101220. [PMID: 36297332 PMCID: PMC9609992 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) plays a role in the progression of symptoms and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), selective inhibition of BChE over acetylcholinesterase (AChE) can represent a promising pathway in treating AD. The carbamate group was chosen as a pharmacophore because the carbamates currently or previously in use for the treatment of AD displayed significant positive effects on cognitive symptoms. Eighteen biscarbamates with different substituents at the carbamoyl and hydroxyaminoethyl chain were synthesized, and their inhibitory potential toward both cholinesterases and inhibition selectivity were determined. The ability of carbamates to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by passive transport, their cytotoxic profile and their ability to chelate biometals were also evaluated. All biscarbamates displayed a time-dependent inhibition with inhibition rate constants within 10-3-10-6 M-1 min-1 range for both cholinesterases, with generally higher preference to BChE. For two biscarbamates, it was determined that they should be able to pass the BBB by passive transport, while for five biscarbamates, this ability was slightly limited. Fourteen biscarbamates did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect toward liver, kidney and neuronal cells. In conclusion, considering their high BChE selectivity, non-toxicity, ability to chelate biometals and pass the BBB, compounds 2 and 16 were pointed out as the most promising compounds for the treatment of middle and late stages of AD.
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13
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Duncan NS, Campbell MJ, Backos DS, Li C, Rider KC, Stump S, Weaver MJ, Gajewski MP, Beall HD, Reigan P, Natale NR. 10-Alkoxy-anthracenyl-isoxazole analogs have sub-micromolar activity against a Glioblastoma multiforme cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 69:116911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Chai HH, Ham JS, Kim TH, Lim D. Identifying ligand-binding specificity of the oligopeptide receptor OppA from Bifidobacterium longum KACC91563 by structure-based molecular modeling. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Komatović K, Matošević A, Terzić-Jovanović N, Žunec S, Šegan S, Zlatović M, Maraković N, Bosak A, Opsenica DM. 4-Aminoquinoline-Based Adamantanes as Potential Anticholinesterase Agents in Symptomatic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1305. [PMID: 35745878 PMCID: PMC9229919 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the most important mode of action expected of a potential drug used for the treatment of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), our previous pilot study of 4-aminoquinolines as potential human cholinesterase inhibitors was extended to twenty-two new structurally distinct 4-aminoquinolines bearing an adamantane moiety. Inhibition studies revealed that all of the compounds were very potent inhibitors of AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with inhibition constants (Ki) ranging between 0.075 and 25 µM. The tested compounds exhibited a modest selectivity between the two cholinesterases; the most selective for BChE was compound 14, which displayed a 10 times higher preference, while compound 19 was a 5.8 times more potent inhibitor of AChE. Most of the compounds were estimated to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by passive transport. Evaluation of druglikeness singled out fourteen compounds with possible oral route of administration. The tested compounds displayed modest but generally higher antioxidant activity than the structurally similar AD drug tacrine. Compound 19 showed the highest reducing power, comparable to those of standard antioxidants. Considering their simple structure, high inhibition of AChE and BChE, and ability to cross the BBB, 4-aminoquinoline-based adamantanes show promise as structural scaffolds for further design of novel central nervous system drugs. Among them, two compounds stand out: compound 5 as the most potent inhibitor of both cholinesterases with a Ki constant in low nano molar range and the potential to cross the BBB, and compound 8, which met all our requirements, including high cholinesterase inhibition, good oral bioavailability, and antioxidative effect. The QSAR model revealed that AChE and BChE inhibition was mainly influenced by the ring and topological descriptors MCD, Nnum, RP, and RSIpw3, which defined the shape, conformational flexibility, and surface properties of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Komatović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ana Matošević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.); (S.Ž.); (N.M.)
| | - Nataša Terzić-Jovanović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.-J.); (S.Š.)
| | - Suzana Žunec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.); (S.Ž.); (N.M.)
| | - Sandra Šegan
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.-J.); (S.Š.)
| | - Mario Zlatović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.K.); (M.Z.)
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.); (S.Ž.); (N.M.)
| | - Anita Bosak
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.); (S.Ž.); (N.M.)
| | - Dejan M. Opsenica
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.-J.); (S.Š.)
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, ICTM, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Sompel K, Dwyer-Nield LD, Smith AJ, Elango A, Backos DS, Zhang B, Gross J, Ternyak K, Matsuda JL, Kopf K, Keith RL, Tennis MA. Iloprost requires the Frizzled-9 receptor to prevent lung cancer. iScience 2022; 25:104442. [PMID: 35707728 PMCID: PMC9189122 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of premalignant lesion progression is a promising approach to reducing lung cancer burden in high-risk populations. Substantial preclinical and clinical evidence has demonstrated efficacy of the prostacyclin analogue iloprost for lung cancer chemoprevention. Iloprost activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) to initiate chemopreventive signaling and in vitro, which requires the transmembrane receptor Frizzled9 (FZD9). We hypothesized a Fzd 9 -/- mouse would not be protected by iloprost in a lung cancer model. Fzd 9 -/- mice were treated with inhaled iloprost in a urethane model of lung adenoma. We found that Fzd 9 -/- mice treated with iloprost were not protected from adenoma development compared to wild-type mice nor did they demonstrate increased activation of iloprost signaling pathways. Our results established that iloprost requires FZD9 in vivo for lung cancer chemoprevention. This work represents a critical advancement in defining iloprost's chemopreventive mechanisms and identifies a potential response marker for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Sompel
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lori D. Dwyer-Nield
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alex J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alamelu Elango
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Don S. Backos
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert L. Keith
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Meredith A. Tennis
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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17
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The effect of putrescine on the lysozyme activity and structure: Spectroscopic approaches and molecular dynamic simulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112402. [PMID: 35151046 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present research addressed the influence of polyamine (putrescine) on the compound as well as function of lysozyme; accordingly, UV- Visible, fluorescence spectroscopy and simulation method were applied to fulfill this goal. Lysozyme's structural variability was examined at various putrescine concentrations; also, the putrescine binding to lysozyme was addressed using spectrofluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) and UV-Vis measurements. The obtained results indicated that with raising the putrescine concentration, the intrinsic quenching fluorescence of lysozyme was decreased based on the static mechanism. Analysis of thermodynamic parameters also indicated that van der Waals as well as hydrogen bond forces served a fundamental role in determining the resulting stability; this was in agreement with modeling studies. Measurement of UV absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy also demonstrated that lysozyme's second and tertiary structures were altered in a putrescine concentration-dependent manner. Putrescine inhibited lysozyme's enzymatic activity, displaying its affinity with the lysozyme's active site. Further, molecular simulation conducted revealed that putrescine could have spontaneous binding to lysozyme, changing its structure, thus further emphasizing the experimental results.
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18
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Zorbaz T, Malinak D, Hofmanova T, Maraković N, Žunec S, Hrvat NM, Andrys R, Psotka M, Zandona A, Svobodova J, Prchal L, Fingler S, Katalinić M, Kovarik Z, Musilek K. Halogen substituents enhance oxime nucleophilicity for reactivation of cholinesterases inhibited by nerve agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Al-Tawil MF, Daoud S, Hatmal MM, Taha MO. Discovery of new Cdc2-like kinase 4 (CLK4) inhibitors via pharmacophore exploration combined with flexible docking-based ligand/receptor contact fingerprints and machine learning. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10686-10700. [PMID: 35424985 PMCID: PMC8982525 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00136e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc2-like kinase 4 (CLK4) inhibitors are of potential therapeutic value in many diseases particularly cancer. In this study, we combined extensive ligand-based pharmacophore exploration, ligand-receptor contact fingerprints generated by flexible docking, physicochemical descriptors and machine learning-quantitative structure-activity relationship (ML-QSAR) analysis to investigate the pharmacophoric/binding requirements for potent CLK4 antagonists. Several ML methods were attempted to tie these properties with anti-CLK4 bioactivities including multiple linear regression (MLR), random forests (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), probabilistic neural network (PNN), and support vector regression (SVR). A genetic function algorithm (GFA) was combined with each method for feature selection. Eventually, GFA-SVR was found to produce the best self-consistent and predictive model. The model selected three pharmacophores, three ligand-receptor contacts and two physicochemical descriptors. The GFA-SVR model and associated pharmacophore models were used to screen the National Cancer Institute (NCI) structural database for novel CLK4 antagonists. Three potent hits were identified with the best one showing an anti-CLK4 IC50 value of 57 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fayiz Al-Tawil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences Private University Amman Jordan
| | - Ma'mon M Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University PO Box 330127 Zarqa 13133 Jordan
| | - Mutasem Omar Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan
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20
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Structure Revision and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitory Activity of Drazepinone. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120714. [PMID: 34940713 PMCID: PMC8708580 DOI: 10.3390/md19120714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
From the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sumatrense (Trichocomaceae), a pair of enantiomers [(+)-1 and (−)-1] were isolated with identical 1D NMR data to drazepinone, which was originally reported to have a trisubstituted naphthofuroazepinone skeleton. In this study, we confirmed the structures of the two enantiomers as drazepinone and revised their structures by detailed analysis of extensive 2D NMR data and a comparison of the calculated 13C chemical shifts, ECD, VCD, and ORD spectra with those of the experiment ones. (+)-1 and (−)-1 were evaluated for their PTP inhibitory activity in vitro. (−)-1 showed selective PTP inhibitory activity against PTP1B and TCPTP with IC50 values of 1.56 and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively.
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21
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Alhobeira HA, Al Mogbel M, Khan S, Khan M, Haque S, Somvanshi P, Wahid M, Mandal RK. Prioritization and characterization of validated biofilm blockers targeting glucosyltransferase C of Streptococcus mutans. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:335-344. [PMID: 33783274 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1903021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To date, several Glucosyltransferase C (GtfC) inhibitors have been identified and experimentally validated. All these inhibitors have been validated at different experimental conditions like degree of purity, animal models, kinetic conditions, experimental environment etc.; and most of these inhibitors (ligands) proved to be quite effective in their respective validation environment. However, due to varied experimental validation conditions, and absence of molecular interaction data, there is no way to prioritize these validated ligands for their inhibition potential against GtfC. The present study is a novel attempt of comparative evaluation of the interaction of the validated ligands on a single platform and under similar conditions with a dual objective, i.e. ligand prioritization for their respective inhibitory potential and elucidation of the involved unknown molecular interactions. Carbohydrate derivatives (6-Deoxy sucrose and Trichloro-galactosucrose) were identified as the most promising GtfC inhibitors. In addition, Asp588, Trp517, and Asn481 amino acid residues of the domain A1 proved vital for the inhibitory effect. The study highlights the importance of the comparative analysis of the validated ligands in order to identify the most promising leads for drug discovery against dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazza A Alhobeira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Mogbel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Hail University, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahvish Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K Mandal
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Marić P, Ahel M, Maraković N, Lončar J, Mihaljević I, Smital T. Selective interaction of microcystin congeners with zebrafish (Danio rerio) Oatp1d1 transporter. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131155. [PMID: 34182632 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most studied cyanotoxins. The uptake of MCs in cells and tissues of mammals and fish species is mostly mediated by organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs in humans and rodents; Oatps in other species), and the Oatp1d1 appears to be a major transporter for MCs in fish. In this study, six MC congeners of varying physicochemical properties (MC-LR, -RR, -YR, -LW, -LF, -LA) were tested by measuring their effect on the uptake of model Oatp1d1 fluorescent substrate Lucifer yellow (LY) in HEK293T cells transiently or stably overexpressing zebrafish Oatp1d1. MC-LW and -LF showed the strongest interaction resulting in an almost complete inhibition of LY transport with IC50 values of 0.21 and 0.26 μM, while congeners -LR, -YR and -LA showed lower inhibitory effects. To discern between Oatp1d1 substrates and inhibitors, results were complemented by Michaelis-Menten kinetics and chemical analytical determinations of MCs uptake, along with molecular docking studies performed using the developed zebrafish Oatp1d1 homology model. Our study showed that Oatp1d1-mediated transport of MCs could be largely dependent on their basic physicochemical properties, with log POW being the most obvious determinant. Finally, apart from determination of the chemical composition of cynobacterial blooms, a reliable risk assessment should take into account the interaction of identified MC congeners with Oatp1d1 as their primary transporter, and herewith we demonstrated that such a comprehensive approach could be based on the use of highly specific in vitro models, accompanied by chemical assessment and in silico molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Marić
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijan Ahel
- Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry and Biogeochemistry of Organic Compounds, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jovica Lončar
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tvrtko Smital
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb, Croatia.
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23
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Evaluation of Effects of Ractopamine on Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Locomotory Physiology in Animal Model Zebrafish Larvae. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092449. [PMID: 34572098 PMCID: PMC8466814 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ractopamine (RAC) is a beta-adrenoceptor agonist that is used to promote lean and increased food conversion efficiency in livestock. This compound has been considered to be causing behavioral and physiological alterations in livestock like pig. Few studies have addressed the potential non-target effect of RAC in aquatic animals. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential physiological response after acute RAC exposure in zebrafish by evaluating multiple endpoints like locomotor activity, oxygen consumption, and cardiovascular performance. Zebrafish larvae were subjected to waterborne RAC exposure at 0.1, 1, 2, 4, or 8 ppm for 24 h, and the corresponding cardiovascular, respiratory, and locomotion activities were monitored and quantified. In addition, we also performed in silico molecular docking for RAC with 10 zebrafish endogenous β-adrenergic receptors to elucidate the potential acting mechanism of RAC. Results show RAC administration can significantly boost locomotor activity, cardiac performance, oxygen consumption, and blood flow rate, but without affecting the cardiac rhythm regularity in zebrafish embryos. Based on structure-based flexible molecular docking, RAC display similar binding affinity to all ten subtypes of endogenous β-adrenergic receptors, from adra1aa to adra2db, which are equivalent to the human one. This result suggests RAC might act as high potency and broad spectrum β-adrenergic receptors agonist on boosting the locomotor activity, cardiac performance, and oxygen consumption in zebrafish. To validate our results, we co-incubated a well-known β-blocker of propranolol (PROP) with RAC. PROP exposure tends to minimize the locomotor hyperactivity, high oxygen consumption, and cardiac rate in zebrafish larvae. In silico structure-based molecular simulation and binding affinity tests show PROP has an overall lower binding affinity than RAC. Taken together, our studies provide solid in vivo evidence to support that RAC plays crucial roles on modulating cardiovascular, respiratory, and locomotory physiology in zebrafish for the first time. In addition, the versatile functions of RAC as β-agonist possibly mediated via receptor competition with PROP as β-antagonist.
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24
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Gogoi N, Chowdhury P, Goswami AK, Das A, Chetia D, Gogoi B. Computational guided identification of a citrus flavonoid as potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Mol Divers 2021; 25:1745-1759. [PMID: 33236176 PMCID: PMC7685905 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although vaccine development is being undertaken at a breakneck speed, there is currently no effective antiviral drug for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the possibilities offered by naturally available and abundant flavonoid compounds, as a prospective antiviral drug to combat the virus. A library of 44 citrus flavonoids was screened against the highly conserved Main Protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 using molecular docking. The compounds which showed better CDocker energy than the co-crystal inhibitor of Mpro were further revalidated by flexible docking within the active site; followed by assessment of drug likeness and toxicity parameters. The non-toxic compounds were further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation and predicted activity (IC50) using 3D-QSAR analysis. Subsequently, hydrogen bonds and dehydration analysis of the best compound were performed to assess the binding affinity to Mpro. It was observed that out of the 44 citrus flavonoids, five compounds showed lower binding energy with Mpro than the co-crystal ligand. Moreover, these compounds also formed H-bonds with two important catalytic residues His41 and Cys145 of the active sites of Mpro. Three compounds which passed the drug likeness filter showed stable conformation during MD simulations. Among these, the lowest predicted IC50 value was observed for Taxifolin. Therefore, this study suggests that Taxifolin, could be a potential inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 main protease and can be further analysed by in vitro and in vivo experiments for management of the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelutpal Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Purvita Chowdhury
- Department of Health Research, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Tripura, 799035, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Goswami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biological sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Dipak Chetia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, India
| | - Bhaskarjyoti Gogoi
- Department of Biotechnology, Royal School of Bio-Science, Royal Global University, Guwahati, 781035, India.
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25
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El-Shahat M, Salama MAM, El-Farargy AF, Ali MM, Ahmed DM. Effective Pharmacophore for CDC25 Phosphatases Enzyme Inhibitors: Newly Synthesized Bromothiazolopyrimidine Derivatives. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:118-131. [PMID: 32560601 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200619182519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazolopyrimidine analogues are versatile synthetic scaffold possessing wide spectrum of biological interests involving potential anticancer activity. OBJECTIVE To report the synthesis of novel bromothiazolopyrimidine derivatives and the study of both molecular modeling and in-vitro anticancer activity. METHODS Novel bromothiazolopyrimidine derivatives 5-18 have been prepared from 2-bromo-3-(4- chlorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-propenone 3 as a key starting compound. The anti-cancer activities of the new compounds were evaluated against HepG2, MCF-7, A549 and HCT116 cell lines. RESULTS The compounds 16, 17 and 18 showed cytotoxic and growth inhibitory activities on both colon and lung cells. The cytotoxic activities of the novel synthetic compounds 8, 9, 11, 16, 17 and 18 were due to CDC25 phosphatases inhibition as shown by the enzymatic binding assay. Although compounds 8, 9 and 11 have only demonstrated CDC25B phosphatases inhibition. CONCLUSION The novel bromothiazolopyrimidine derivatives showed promising in vitro anticancer activities against colon cancer HCT116 and lung cancer A549 cell lines comparable to the anticancer drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud El-Shahat
- Department of Photochemistry, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Bohouth St., P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mowafia A M Salama
- Department of Photochemistry, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Bohouth St., P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F El-Farargy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig Univerisity, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, 33 EL-Bohouth St., P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Meng X, Cui L, Song F, Luan M, Ji J, Si H, Duan Y, Zhai H. 3D-QSAR and Molecular Docking Studies on Design Anti-Prostate Cancer Curcumin Analogues. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2021; 16:245-256. [PMID: 30370853 DOI: 10.2174/1573409914666181029123746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most common tumors in the world and the fifth leading cause of male cancer death. Although the treatment of localized androgen-dependent prostate cancer has been successful, the efficacy of androgen-independent metastatic disease is limited. Curcumin, a natural product, has been found to inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. OBJECTIVE To design curcumin analogs with higher biological activity and lower toxicity and side effects for the treatment of prostate cancer. METHODS In this study, the three dimensional-quantitative structure activity relationship (3DQSAR) and molecular docking studies were performed on 34 curcumin analogs as anti-prostate cancer compounds. We introduced OSIRIS Property Explorer to predict drug-related properties of newly designed compounds. RESULTS The optimum CoMSIA model exhibited statistically significant results: the cross-validated correlation coefficient q2 is 0.540 and non-cross-validated R2 value is 0.984. The external predictive correlation coefficient Rext 2 is 0.792. The information of structure-activity relationship can be obtained from the CoMSIA contour maps. In addition, the molecular docking study of the compounds for 3ZK6 as the protein target revealed important interactions between active compounds and amino acids. CONCLUSION Compound 28i may be a new type of anti-prostate cancer drug with higher biological activity and more promising development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Meng
- Department of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Fucheng Song
- Department of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Mingyuan Luan
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Junjie Ji
- Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Hongzong Si
- Institute for Computational Science and Engineering, Laboratory of New Fibrous Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yunbo Duan
- Institute for Computational Science and Engineering, Laboratory of New Fibrous Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Honglin Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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27
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Nazeri MT, Shaabani A. Synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles via isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions as an efficient synthesis tool. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04514h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present review covers all synthetic methods based on isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions for the preparation of polysubstituted pyrroles as the parent cores of many essential drugs, biologically active compounds, and compounds with wide application in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Nazeri
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjou Boulevard Street, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shaabani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjou Boulevard Street, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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28
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Samson JM, Ravindran Menon D, Vaddi PK, Kalani Williams N, Domenico J, Zhai Z, Backos DS, Fujita M. Computational Modeling of NLRP3 Identifies Enhanced ATP Binding and Multimerization in Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584364. [PMID: 33329557 PMCID: PMC7711157 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyropyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) are clinically distinct syndromes that encompass a phenotypic spectrum yet are caused by alterations in the same gene, NLRP3. Many CAPS cases and other NLRP3-autoinflammatory diseases (NLRP3-AIDs) are directly attributed to protein-coding alterations in NLRP3 and the subsequent dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leading to IL-1β-mediated inflammatory states. Here, we used bioinformatics tools, computational modeling, and computational assessments to explore the proteomic consequences of NLRP3 mutations, which potentially drive NLRP3 inflammasome dysregulation. We analyzed 177 mutations derived from familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS), and the non-hereditary chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous and articular syndrome, also known as neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (CINCA/NOMID), as well as other NLRP3-AIDs. We found an inverse relationship between clinical severity and the severity of predicted structure changes resulting from mutations in NLRP3. Bioinformatics tools and computational modeling revealed that NLRP3 mutations that are predicted to be structurally severely-disruptive localize around the ATP binding pocket and that specific proteo-structural changes to the ATP binding pocket lead to enhanced ATP binding affinity by altering hydrogen-bond and charge interactions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that NLRP3 mutations that are predicted to be structurally mildly- or moderately-disruptive affect protein-protein interactions, such as NLRP3-ASC binding and NLRP3-NLRP3 multimerization, enhancing inflammasome formation and complex stability. Taken together, we provide evidence that proteo-structural mechanisms can explain multiple mechanisms of inflammasome activation in NLRP3-AID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Mae Samson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Dinoop Ravindran Menon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Prasanna K Vaddi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nazanin Kalani Williams
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Joanne Domenico
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Zili Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Donald S Backos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Immunology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Denver VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
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29
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Vitamin B3-Based Biologically Active Compounds as Inhibitors of Human Cholinesterases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218088. [PMID: 33138280 PMCID: PMC7663184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the potential of nine vitamin B3 scaffold-based derivatives as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors, as a starting point for the development of novel drugs for treating disorders with cholinergic neurotransmission-linked pathology. As the results indicate, all compounds reversibly inhibited both enzymes in the micromolar range pointing to the preference of AChE over BChE for binding the tested derivatives. Molecular docking studies revealed the importance of interactions with AChE active site residues Tyr337 and Tyr124, which dictated most of the observed differences. The most potent inhibitor of both enzymes with Ki of 4 μM for AChE and 8 μM for BChE was the nicotinamide derivative 1-(4′-phenylphenacyl)-3-carbamoylpyridinium bromide. Such a result places it within the range of several currently studied novel cholinesterase inhibitors. Cytotoxicity profiling did not classify this compound as highly toxic, but the induced effects on cells should not be neglected in any future detailed studies and when considering this scaffold for drug development.
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30
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A novel method for the synthesis and characterization of 10-hexyl-3-(1-hexyl-4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-10H-phenothiazine: DFT computational, in vitro anticancer and in silico molecular docking studies. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Weaver MJ, Stump S, Campbell MJ, Backos DS, Li C, Reigan P, Adams E, Beall HD, Natale NR. 10-N-heterocylic aryl-isoxazole-amides (AIMs) have robust anti-tumor activity against breast and brain cancer cell lines and useful fluorescence properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115781. [PMID: 33038788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of anthracenyl-isoxazole amide (AIM) antitumor agents containing N-heterocycles in the 10 position (N-het) were synthesized using palladium cross-coupling. The unique steric environment of the N-het-AIMs required individual optimization in each case. Lanthanide mediated double activation was used to couple the dimethylamino pyrrole moiety, required for antitumor action. Robust antitumor activity was observed against breast and brain cancer cell lines. The compounds were docked with the c-myc oncogene promoter sequence, which adopts a G4 quadruplex DNA conformation, and represents the working hypothesis for biological action. The N-het-AIMs have useful fluorescence properties, allowing for observation of their distribution within tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Weaver
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States; Elite One Source, Nutritional Services, 1001 South 3rd, WestMissoula, MT 59801, United States(1)
| | - Sascha Stump
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Michael J Campbell
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Donald S Backos
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States
| | - Philip Reigan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Earle Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Howard D Beall
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Nicholas R Natale
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States.
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32
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Absolute Configurations and Chitinase Inhibitions of Quinazoline-Containing Diketopiperazines from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium polonicum. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090479. [PMID: 32967228 PMCID: PMC7551877 DOI: 10.3390/md18090479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new quinazoline-containing diketopiperazines, polonimides A–C (1–3), along with four analogues (4–7), were obtained from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium polonicum. Among them, 2 and 4, 3 and 5 were epimers, respectively, resulting the difficulty in the determination of their configurations. The configurations of 1–3 were determined by 1D nuclear overhauser effect (NOE), Marfey and electron circular dichroism (ECD) methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) calculation with the combination of DP4plus probability method was used to distinguish the absolute configurations of C-3 in 3 and 5. All of 1–7 were tested for their chitinase inhibitory activity against OfHex1 and OfChi-h and cytotoxicity against A549, HGC-27 and UMUC-3 cell lines. Compounds 1–7 exhibited weak activity towards OfHex1 and strong activity towards OfChi-h at a concentration of 10.0 μM, with the inhibition rates of 0.7%–10.3% and 79.1%–95.4%, respectively. Interestingly, 1–7 showed low cytotoxicity against A549, HGC-27 and UMUC-3 cell lines, suggesting that good prospect of this cluster of metabolites for drug discovery.
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33
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Achilonu I, Iwuchukwu EA, Achilonu OJ, Fernandes MA, Sayed Y. Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease using FDA-approved Isavuconazonium, a P2-P3 α-ketoamide derivative and Pentagastrin: An in-silico drug discovery approach. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 101:107730. [PMID: 32920239 PMCID: PMC7462840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is an attractive target towards discovery of drugs to treat COVID-19 because of its key role in virus replication. The atomic structure of Mpro in complex with an α-ketoamide inhibitor (Lig13b) is available (PDB ID:6Y2G). Using 6Y2G and the prior knowledge that protease inhibitors could eradicate COVID-19, we designed a computational study aimed at identifying FDA-approved drugs that could interact with Mpro. We searched the DrugBank and PubChem for analogs and built a virtual library containing ∼33,000 conformers. Using high-throughput virtual screening and ligand docking, we identified Isavuconazonium, a ketoamide inhibitor (α-KI) and Pentagastrin as the top three molecules (Lig13b as the benchmark) based on docking energy. The ΔGbind of Lig13b, Isavuconazonium, α-KI, Pentagastrin was −28.1, −45.7, −44.7, −34.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that these ligands are stable within the Mpro active site. Binding of these ligands is driven by a variety of non-bonded interaction, including polar bonds, H-bonds, van der Waals and salt bridges. The overall conformational dynamics of the complexed-Mpro was slightly altered relative to apo-Mpro. This study demonstrates that three distinct classes molecules, Isavuconazonium (triazole), α-KI (ketoamide) and Pentagastrin (peptide) could serve as potential drugs to treat patients with COVID-19. Using computational modelling, we show that SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) interacts with peptidomimetic drugs. The interaction between the Mpro and the peptidomimetics is energetically favourable. Isavuconazonium, a P2–P3 α-ketoamide derivative and Pentagastrin showed the tightest and most favourable binding to Mpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikechukwu Achilonu
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel Amarachi Iwuchukwu
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Okechinyere Juliet Achilonu
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Manuel Antonio Fernandes
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Yasien Sayed
- Protein Structure-Function Research Unit, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
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34
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Modulation of LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 murine cells by novel isoflavonoids from Millettia pulchra. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103693. [PMID: 32120079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Millettia pulchra is a renowned anti-inflammatory herbal medicine in southeast provinces of China. However, the underlying anti-inflammation mechanism remained incompletely understood. Herein, four new isoflavones, pulvones A-D and eleven reported constituents were isolated from the stems of Millettia pulchra with their structures being elucidated by HRMS and NMR analysis. The anti-inflammatory activities of pulvones A and C were further evaluated due to the better inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and no obvious cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 cells. Western blot showed that pulvones A significantly decreased the levels of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and pulvones C only decreased the level of iNOS protein. ELISA analysis demonstrated that pulvones A inhibited the production of both interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β while pulvones C showed better suppression effect on IL-1β production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Then, their potential inhibitory effects on NF-κB pathway were tested in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Immunofluorescence and western blot assay showed that pulvones A and C reduced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB(p65) and interrupted IκB phosphorylation. The ADP-Glo™ kinase assay showed pulvones A and C could directedly inhibit the IKKβ kinase activity with the inhibitory rate of 40%, which were also verified by docking study. Collectively, these results suggested that pulvones A and C's anti-inflammatory effects were relevant to the interruption of NF-κB activation by inhibiting IKKβ kinase.
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35
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Pei H, Xue L, Tang M, Tang H, Kuang S, Wang L, Ma X, Cai X, Li Y, Zhao M, Peng A, Ye H, Chen L. Alkaloids from Black Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Murine Macrophages by Inhibiting Activation of NF-κB Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2406-2417. [PMID: 32031370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) has been commonly utilized in food preparation and traditional medicine in several countries. Seven new amide alkaloids, pipernigramides A-G (3, 10, 38, and 41-44), a new piperic ester, pipernigrester A (48), along with 47 known compounds were isolated from the EtOH extract of P. nigrum. The inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) of all compounds were then evaluated. Among the tested compounds, three of them (42-44) significantly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated NO (IC50 = 4.74 ± 0.18, 4.08 ± 0.19, and 3.71 ± 0.32 μM, respectively), and IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 release in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, 42-44 suppressed IκB degradation and further inhibited the cytosol-nucleus translocation of the p65 subunit by targeting IKK-β. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema test, 42-44 demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects as well. These results indicate that all three compounds from P.nigrum have the potential anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heying Pei
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Xue
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Minghai Tang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Tang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Kuang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Wang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China.,School of Chemical Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Cai
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China.,School of Chemical Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Peng
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , People's Republic of China
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36
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A combined experimental and DFT computations study of novel (E)-3-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)acrylonitrile(TACNBNF): Insight into the synthesis, single crystal XRD, NMR, vibrational spectral analysis, in vitro antioxidant and in silico molecular docking investigation with human peroxiredoxin 5 protein. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Yu Z, Chen Y, Zhao W, Zheng F, Ding L, Liu J. Novel ACE inhibitory tripeptides from ovotransferrin using bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17434. [PMID: 31758024 PMCID: PMC6874687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-derived ACE inhibitory peptides have recently attracted increased attention. This work focused on a more efficient in silico method to find ACE inhibitory peptides from ovotransferrin. In this work, ovotransferrin was digested into peptides by virtual enzymolysis. Subsequently, in vitro ACE inhibitory activity of potential tripeptides was conducted following the peptide score, toxicity, and water solubility prediction. Both pharmacophore study and flexible docking were applied to analyze ACE inhibition mechanism of tripeptides. Our results demonstrated that EWL was a potent ACE inhibitory tripeptide with IC50 value of 380 ± 10 μM. Besides, pharmacophore and flexible docking showed that the pi interaction and hydrogen bond were the key interactions in ACE-EWL complex. It appears that the in vitro ACE inhibitory activity of tripeptide EWL was consistent with its molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 102488, P.R. China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P.R. China.
| | - Fuping Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 102488, P.R. China.
| | - Long Ding
- Lab of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Lab of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, P.R. China.
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38
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Mihaljević I, Bašica B, Maraković N, Kovačević R, Smital T. Interaction of organotin compounds with three major glutathione S-transferases in zebrafish. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104713. [PMID: 31706034 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in cellular detoxification as enzymatic mediators of glutathione (GSH) conjugation with a wide range of deleterious compounds, enabling their easier extrusion out of the organism. GSTs are shown to interact with organotin compounds (OTCs), known environmental pollutants, either as substrates, serving as electrophilic targets to the nucleophilic attack of GSH, or as noncompetitive inhibitors by binding to GST active sites and disrupting their enzymatic functions. There is a wide range of deleterious biological effects caused by OTCs in low concentration range. Their environmental concentrations, further potentiated by bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms, correspond with inhibitory constants reported for Gsts in zebrafish, which implies their environmental significance. Therefore, our main goal in this study was to analyze interactions of three major zebrafish Gsts - Gstp1, Gstr1, and Gstt1a - with a series of ten environmentally relevant organotin compounds. Using previously developed Gst inhibition assay with recombinant Gst proteins and fluorescent monochlorobimane as a model substrate, we determined Gst inhibitory constants for all tested OCTs. Furthermore, in order to elucidate nature of Gst interactions with OTCs, we determined type of interactions between tested Gsts and the strongest OTC inhibitors. Our results showed that OTCs can interact with zebrafish Gsts as competitive, noncompetitive, or mixed-type inhibitors. Determined types of interactions were additionally confirmed in silico by molecular docking studies of tested OTCs with newly developed Gst models. In silico models were further used to reveal structures of tested Gsts in more detail and identify crucial amino acid residues which interact with OTCs within Gst active sites. Our results revealed more extensive involvement of Gstr1 and Gstp1 in detoxification of numerous tested OTCs, with low inhibitory constants in nanomolar to low micromolar range and different types of inhibition, whereas Gstt1a noncompetitively interacted with only two tested OTCs with significantly higher inhibitory constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mihaljević
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branka Bašica
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radmila Kovačević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tvrtko Smital
- Laboratory for Molecular Ecotoxicology, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Musoev A, Numonov S, You Z, Gao H. Discovery of Novel DPP-IV Inhibitors as Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus Predicted by 3D QSAR Pharmacophore Models, Molecular Docking and de novo Evolution. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162870. [PMID: 31394858 PMCID: PMC6720998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) rapidly breaks down the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). Thus, the use of DPP-IV inhibitors to retard the degradation of endogenous GLP-1 is a possible mode of therapy correcting the defect in incretin-related physiology. The aim of this study is to find a new small molecule and explore the inhibition activity to the DPP-IV enzyme using a computer aided simulation. In this study, the predicted compounds were suggested as potent anti-diabetic candidates. Chosen structures were applied following computational strategies: The generation of the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D QSAR) pharmacophore models, virtual screening, molecular docking, and de novo Evolution. The method also validated by performing re-docking and cross-docking studies of seven protein systems for which crystal structures were available for all bound ligands. The molecular docking experiments of predicted compounds within the binding pocket of DPP-IV were conducted. By using 25 training set inhibitors, ten pharmacophore models were generated, among which hypo1 was the best pharmacophore model with the best predictive power on account of the highest cost difference (352.03), the lowest root mean squared deviation (RMSD) (2.234), and the best correlation coefficient (0.925). Hypo1 pharmacophore model was used for virtual screening. A total of 161 compounds including 120 from the databases, 25 from the training set, 16 from the test set were selected for molecular docking. Analyzing the amino acid residues of the ligand-receptor interaction, it can be concluded that Arg125, Glu205, Glu206, Tyr547, Tyr662, and Tyr666 are the main amino acid residues. The last step in this study was de novo Evolution that generated 11 novel compounds. The derivative dpp4_45_Evo_1 by all scores CDOCKER_ENERGY (CDOCKER, -41.79), LigScore1 (LScore1, 5.86), LigScore2 (LScore2, 7.07), PLP1 (-112.01), PLP2 (-105.77), PMF (-162.5)—have exceeded the control compound. Thus the most active compound among 11 derivative compounds is dpp4_45_Evo_1. Additionally, for derivatives dpp4_42_Evo_1, dpp4_43_Evo2, dpp4_46_Evo_4, and dpp4_47_Evo_2, significant upward shifts were recorded. The consensus score for the derivatives of dpp4_45_Evo_1 from 1 to 6, dpp4_43_Evo2 from 4 to 6, dpp4_46_Evo_4 from 1 to 6, and dpp4_47_Evo_2 from 0 to 6 were increased. Generally, predicted candidates can act as potent occurring DPP-IV inhibitors given their ability to bind directly to the active sites of DPP-IV. Our result described that the 6 re-docked and 27 cross-docked protein-ligand complexes showed RMSD values of less than 2 Å. Further investigation will result in the development of novel and potential antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizullo Musoev
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sodik Numonov
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", Dushanbe 734063, Tajikistan
| | - Zhuhong You
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- School of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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Cayla NS, Dagne BA, Wu Y, Lu Y, Rodriguez L, Davies DL, Gross ER, Heifets BD, Davies MF, MacIver MB, Bertaccini EJ. A newly developed anesthetic based on a unique chemical core. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:15706-15715. [PMID: 31308218 PMCID: PMC6681746 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1822076116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous anesthetic agents are associated with cardiovascular instability and poorly tolerated in patients with cardiovascular disease, trauma, or acute systemic illness. We hypothesized that a new class of intravenous (IV) anesthetic molecules that is highly selective for the slow type of γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) could have potent anesthetic efficacy with limited cardiovascular effects. Through in silico screening using our GABAAR model, we identified a class of lead compounds that are N-arylpyrrole derivatives. Electrophysiological analyses using both an in vitro expression system and intact rodent hippocampal brain slice recordings demonstrate a GABAAR-mediated mechanism. In vivo experiments also demonstrate overt anesthetic activity in both tadpoles and rats with a potency slightly greater than that of propofol. Unlike the clinically approved GABAergic anesthetic etomidate, the chemical structure of our N-arylpyrrole derivative is devoid of the chemical moieties producing adrenal suppression. Our class of compounds also shows minimal to no suppression of blood pressure, in marked contrast to the hemodynamic effects of propofol. These compounds are derived from chemical structures not previously associated with anesthesia and demonstrate that selective targeting of GABAAR-slow subtypes may eliminate the hemodynamic side effects associated with conventional IV anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëlie S Cayla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Beza A Dagne
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Larry Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Daryl L Davies
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Eric R Gross
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Boris D Heifets
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - M Frances Davies
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Anesthesia, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - M Bruce MacIver
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Edward J Bertaccini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;
- Department of Anesthesia, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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Liu WS, Jin WY, Zhou L, Lu XH, Li WY, Ma Y, Wang RL. Structure based design of selective SHP2 inhibitors by De novo design, synthesis and biological evaluation. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2019; 33:759-774. [PMID: 31300938 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-019-00213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SHP2 phosphatase, encoded by the PTPN11 gene, is a non-receptor PTP, which plays an important role in growth factor, cytokine, integrin, hormone signaling pathways, and regulates cellular responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, adhesion migration and apoptosis. Many studies have reported that upregulation of SHP2 expression is closely related to human cancer, such as breast cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer. Hence, SHP2 has become a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. In this paper, we reported the identification of compound 1 as SHP2 inhibitor. Fragment-based ligand design, De novo design, ADMET and Molecular docking were performed to explore potential selective SHP2 allosteric inhibitors based on SHP836. The results of docking studies indicated that the selected compounds had higher selective SHP2 inhibition than existing inhibitors. Compound 1 was found to have a novel selectivity against SHP2 with an in vitro enzyme activity IC50 value of 9.97 μM. Fluorescence titration experiment confirmed that compound 1 directly bound to SHP2. Furthermore, the results of binding free energies demonstrated that electrostatic energy was the primary factor in elucidating the mechanism of SHP2 inhibition. Dynamic cross correlation studies also supported the results of docking and molecular dynamics simulation. This series of analyses provided important structural features for designing new selective SHP2 inhibitors as potential drugs and promising candidates for pre-clinical pharmacological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yan Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hua Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ya Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Run-Ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Rd, Heping Dist, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
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Arya R, Gupta SP, Paliwal S, Sharma S, Madan K, Chauhan M. Pharmacophore Modeling and Docking Studies to Investigate Potential Leads for the Development of β -Secretase APP Cleavage Enzyme-1 (BACE-1) Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666181023110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Alzheimer’s disease is a medical condition with detrimental brain health. It is
majorly diagnosed in aging individuals plaque in β) characterized by accumulated Amyloidal beta (A
1 BACE) 1 secretase APP cleavage enzyme βneurological areas. The ) is the target of choice that can
be exploited to find drugs against Alzheimer’s disease.
Methods:
A series of BACE-1 inhibitors with reported binding constant were considered for the development
of a feature based pharmacophore model.
Results:
The good correlation coefficient (r=0.91) and RMSD of 0.93 was observed with 30 compounds
in training set. The model was validated internally (r2test=0.76) as well as externally by Fischer validation.
The pharmacophore based virtual screening retrieved compounds that were docked and biologically
evaluated.
Conclusion:
The three structurally diverse molecules were tested by in-vitro method. The pyridine
derivative with highest fit value (6.9) exhibited IC50 value of 2.70 µM and thus was found to be the most
promising lead molecule as BACE-1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Arya
- Banasthali University, 304022, Banasthali, (Raj.), India
| | - Satya Prakash Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, 250005, Meerut, India
| | | | - Swapnil Sharma
- Banasthali University, 304022, Banasthali, (Raj.), India
| | - Kirtika Madan
- Banasthali University, 304022, Banasthali, (Raj.), India
| | - Monika Chauhan
- Banasthali University, 304022, Banasthali, (Raj.), India
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43
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Wei-Ya L, Yu-Qing D, Yang-Chun M, Xin-Hua L, Ying M, Wang RL. Exploring the cause of the inhibitor 4AX attaching to binding site disrupting protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A1 trimerization by molecular dynamic simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4840-4851. [PMID: 30661451 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1567392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic overexpression of protein tyrosine phosphatase of liver regeneration-1 (PTP4A1, also called PRL-1) markedly enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells migration and invasion. The PTP4A1 trimerization played a vital role in mediating cell proliferation and motility. Biochemical and structural studies have proved that the compound 4AX, a well-known inhibitor for PRL1, directly binds to the PTP4A1 trimer interface and obstructs trimer formation of PTP4A1. However, the molecular basis of the ligand-4AX inhibition on PTP4A1 trimer conformations remains unclear. In this study, the docking analysis and the molecular dynamics simulation (MD simulation) study were performed to investigate how the molecule binding at each interface disrupted the trimer formation. The results suggested that the ligand-4AX attaching to the binding site changed the conformation of A:Q131, A:Q135 in the AC interface, C:R18, C:P96 in the CA interface and B:Q131 in the BA interface, leading to the weak interactions between subunits and thus resulting in the disruption of the PTP4A1 trimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei-Ya
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Duan Yu-Qing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin , China
| | - Ma Yang-Chun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Lu Xin-Hua
- National Microbial Medicine Engineering & Research Center, Hebei Industry Microbial Metabolic Engineering & Technology Research Center, New Drug Research & Development Center of North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation , Shijiazhuang , China
| | - Ma Ying
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Run-Ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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Clark JJ, Benson ML, Smith RD, Carlson HA. Inherent versus induced protein flexibility: Comparisons within and between apo and holo structures. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006705. [PMID: 30699115 PMCID: PMC6370239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how ligand binding influences protein flexibility is important, especially in rational drug design. Protein flexibility upon ligand binding is analyzed herein using 305 proteins with 2369 crystal structures with ligands (holo) and 1679 without (apo). Each protein has at least two apo and two holo structures for analysis. The inherent variation in structures with and without ligands is first established as a baseline. This baseline is then compared to the change in conformation in going from the apo to holo states to probe induced flexibility. The inherent backbone flexibility across the apo structures is roughly the same as the variation across holo structures. The induced backbone flexibility across apo-holo pairs is larger than that of the apo or holo states, but the increase in RMSD is less than 0.5 Å. Analysis of χ1 angles revealed a distinctly different pattern with significant influences seen for ligand binding on side-chain conformations in the binding site. Within the apo and holo states themselves, the variation of the χ1 angles is the same. However, the data combining both apo and holo states show significant displacements. Upon ligand binding, χ1 angles are frequently pushed to new orientations outside the range seen in the apo states. Influences on binding-site variation could not be easily attributed to features such as ligand size or x-ray structure resolution. By combining these findings, we find that most binding site flexibility is compatible with the common practice in flexible docking, where backbones are kept rigid and side chains are allowed some degree of flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J. Clark
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mark L. Benson
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Smith
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Heather A. Carlson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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45
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Synthesis, antibacterial, anticancer and molecular docking studies of macrocyclic metal complexes of dihydrazide and diketone. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Kumar M, Kumar G, Dadure KM, Masram DT. Copper(ii) complexes based on levofloxacin and 2N-donor ligands: synthesis, crystal structures and in vitro biological evaluation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03178b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The molecular structures and in vitro biological applications of two cationic copper(ii) complexes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
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47
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Dettori L, Jelsch C, Guiavarc’h Y, Delaunay S, Framboisier X, Chevalot I, Humeau C. Molecular rules for selectivity in lipase-catalysed acylation of lysine. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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48
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Popichak KA, Hammond SL, Moreno JA, Afzali MF, Backos DS, Slayden RD, Safe S, Tjalkens RB. Compensatory Expression of Nur77 and Nurr1 Regulates NF- κB-Dependent Inflammatory Signaling in Astrocytes. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:1174-1186. [PMID: 30111648 PMCID: PMC6117504 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activation of glial cells promotes loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease. The transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) regulates the expression of multiple neuroinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in activated glial cells that are damaging to neurons. Thus, inhibition of NF-κB signaling in glial cells could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the prevention of neuroinflammatory injury. Nuclear orphan receptors in the NR4A family, including NR4A1 (Nur77) and NR4A2 (Nurr1), can inhibit the inflammatory effects of NF-κB, but no approved drugs target these receptors. Therefore, we postulated that a recently developed NR4A receptor ligand, 1,1bis (3'indolyl) 1(pmethoxyphenyl) methane (C-DIM5), would suppress NF-κB-dependent inflammatory gene expression in astrocytes after treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and the inflammatory cytokines interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α C-DIM5 increased expression of Nur77 mRNA and suppressed expression of multiple neuroinflammatory genes. C-DIM5 also inhibited the expression of NFκB-regulated inflammatory and apoptotic genes in quantitative polymerase chain reaction array studies and effected p65 binding to unique genes in chromatin immunoprecipitation next-generation sequencing experiments but did not prevent p65 translocation to the nucleus, suggesting a nuclear-specific mechanism. C-DIM5 prevented nuclear export of Nur77 in astrocytes induced by MPTP treatment and simultaneously recruited Nurr1 to the nucleus, consistent with known transrepressive properties of this receptor. Combined RNAi knockdown of Nur77 and Nurr1 inhibited the anti-inflammatory activity of C-DIM5, demonstrating that C-DIM5 requires these receptors to inhibit NF-κB. Collectively, these data demonstrate that NR4A1/Nur77 and NR4A2/Nurr1 dynamically regulated inflammatory gene expression in glia by modulating the transcriptional activity of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katriana A Popichak
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Sean L Hammond
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Julie A Moreno
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Maryam F Afzali
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Donald S Backos
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Richard D Slayden
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Stephen Safe
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
| | - Ronald B Tjalkens
- Departments of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences (K.A.P., S.L.H., R.B.T.) and Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology (J.A.M., M.F.A., R.D.S.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.); and Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (S.S.)
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Ranjan P, Athar M, Vijayakrishna K, Meena LK, Vasita R, Jha PC. Deciphering the anthelmintic activity of benzimidazolium salts by experimental and in-silico studies. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gates C, Backos DS, Reigan P, Kang HJ, Koerner C, Mirzaei J, Natale NR. Isoxazolo[3,4-d]pyridazinones positively modulate the metabotropic glutamate subtypes 2 and 4. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4797-4803. [PMID: 30143366 PMCID: PMC6675577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isoxazolo[3,4-d] pyridazinones ([3,4-d]s) are selective positive modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) subtypes 2 and 4, with no functional cross reactivity at mGluR1a, mGLuR5 or mGluR8. Modest binding for two of the [3,4-d]s is observed at the allosteric fenobam mGluR5 site, but not sufficient to translate into a functional effect. The structure activity relationship (SAR) for mGluR2 and mGluR4 are distinct: the compounds which select for mGluR2 all contain fluorine on the N-6 aryl group. Furthermore, the [3,4-d]s in this study showed no significant binding at inhibitory GABAA, nor excitatory NMDA receptors, and previously we had disclosed that they lack significant activity at the System Xc-Antiporter. A homology model based on Conn's mGluR1 crystal structure was examined, and suggested explanations for a preference for allosteric over orthosteric binding, subtype selectivity, and suggested avenues for optimization of efficacy as a reasonable working hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gates
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Donald S Backos
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Philip Reigan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, 2113 Genetics Medicine Building, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Chris Koerner
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Joseph Mirzaei
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - N R Natale
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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