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Pinheiro TL, Becker V, da Cunha KPV, Frota A, Monicelli F, Araújo F, Capelo-Neto J. The use of coagulant and natural soil to control cyanobacterial blooms in a tropical reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173378. [PMID: 38795993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms have been a growing problem in water bodies and attracted attention from researcher and water companies worldwide. Different treatment methods have been researched and applied either inside water treatment plants or directly into reservoirs. We tested a combination of coagulants, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl3), and ballasts, luvisol (LUV) and planosol (PLAN), known as the 'Floc and Sink' technique, to remove positively buoyant cyanobacteria from a tropical reservoir water. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the two reaction variables - coagulant dosage (x1) and ballast dosage (x2) to remove the response variables: chlorophyll-a, turbidity, true color, and organic matter. Results showed that the combination of LUV with PAC effectively reduced the concentration of the response variables, while PLAN was ineffective in removing cyanobacteria when combined to PAC or FeCl3. Furthermore, FeCl3 presented poorer floc formation and lower removal efficiency compared to PAC. This study may contribute to the theoretical and practical knowledge of the algal biomass removal for mitigating eutrophication trough different dosages of coagulants and ballasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Lopes Pinheiro
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Block 713, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Becker
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Postgraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - André Frota
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Block 713, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Monicelli
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Postgraduate Program in Ecology, Natal, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Araújo
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Postgraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering, Natal, Brazil
| | - José Capelo-Neto
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Block 713, Campus Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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2
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Zhang Y, Gao X, Sun B, Liu X. Oxygen evolution and its drivers in a stratified reservoir: A supply-side perspective for informing hypoxia alleviation strategies. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121694. [PMID: 38713936 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia in stratified waters greatly threatens aquatic ecology and societal development owing to enhanced nutrient discharge and increasing global temperature. Current research predominantly alleviates hypoxia by reducing dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption or conducting hypolimnetic oxygenation, yet their implementation has encountered bottlenecks. Therefore, this study explores the potential of increasing the inherent DO supplies in stratified reservoirs to mitigate hypoxia. High-frequency in situ observations and massive modeling experiments are integrated to discern the DO supply mode and the dominant driver of DO evolution. Results indicate that periodic thermodynamic conditions determine the DO supply relationships between oxygen sources (inflow carriage, reaeration, and photosynthesis) for different water layers. Thermal stratification causes the hypolimnion to rely mostly on the inflow for DO supply, leading to a fragile budget prone to hypoxia. However, episodic hydrodynamic events (turnover, wind stir, density current, and flood) can promote DO supply and inhibit hypoxia. Temperature and DO regimes are primarily driven by outflow conditions, followed by inflow and meteorology conditions. Furthermore, hypolimnetic hypoxia can be regulated by altering inflow volume, outflow volume, and outlet elevation. These findings highlight the importance of longitudinal solute exchange in DO evolution in stratified reservoirs, providing a basis for alleviating hypoxia through cascade reservoir operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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Wei L, Zhang Y, Han Y, Zheng J, Xu X, Zhu L. Effective abatement of ammonium and nitrate release from sediments by biochar coverage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165710. [PMID: 37487903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic forms of N from sediments and runoff water, among others, remain some of the key sources of pollution of water bodies. However, the release of NH4+-N from sediment to water can be effectively reduced by biochar coverage due to high adsorption capacity, unlike NO3-N, where biochar has a low affinity. The feasibility of biochar coverage to abate NO3--N release needs to be evaluated. This study collected four sediments from Lake Taihu (China). Three types of biochar pyrolyzed from ordinary wastes, coconut shell (coBC), algal and excess sludge, were prepared to cover them and were incubated for 90 days. Results showed that the terminal total nitrogen (TN) and NO3--N concentrations decreased from 5.35 to 2.31-3.04 mg/L, 3.05 to 0.34-1.11 mg/L, respectively. CoBC coverage showed the best performance for reducing NO3--N release flux from 26.99 ± 0.19 to 9.30 ± 0.02 mg/m2·d (63.6 %). Potential denitrifiers, such as Flavobacterium and Exiguobacterium, were enriched in the biochar-coverage layer, and the absolute abundance of N-related functional genes (narG, nirS, nosZ and anammox) was increased by 1.76-4.21 times (p < 0.05). Jar tests by 15N isotope labeling further indicated that biochar addition increased the denitrification and anammox rates by 53.5-83.4 %. Experiments combining exogenous organic‑carbon addition and 15N labeling demonstrated that biochar's key role was regulating organic matter's bioavailability. Analysis with partial least square path modeling (PLS-PM) implied biochar with higher adsorption enhanced the denitrification and anammox processes in sediments via modifying the niche with suitable DOC, TN, and pH. This study suggested that biochar coverage could effectively abate NO3--N release from sediments by affecting the denitrification and anammox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lecheng Wei
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yutong Han
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314000, China.
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4
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Sun C, Zhong J, Pan G, Mortimer RJG, Yu J, Wen S, Zhang L, Yin H, Fan C. Controlling internal nitrogen and phosphorus loading using Ca-poor soil capping in shallow eutrophic lakes: Long-term effects and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119797. [PMID: 36870105 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Clean soil is a potential capping material for controlling internal nutrient loading and helping the recovery of macrophytes in eutrophic lakes, but the long-term effects and underlying mechanisms of clean soil capping under in-situ conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, a three-year field capping enclosure experiment combining intact sediment core incubation, in-situ porewater sampling, isotherm adsorption experiments and analysis of sediment nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fractions was conducted to assess the long-term performance of clean soil capping on internal loading in Lake Taihu. Our results indicate that clean soil has excellent P adsorption and retention capacity as an ecologically safe capping material and can effectively mitigate NH4+-N and SRP (soluble reactive P) fluxes at the sediment-water interface (SWI) and porewater SRP concentration for one year after capping. The mean NH4+-N and SRP fluxes of capping sediment were 34.86 mg m-2 h-1 and -1.58 mg m-2 h-1, compared 82.99 mg m-2 h-1 and 6.29 mg m-2 h-1 for control sediment. Clean soil controls internal NH4+-N release through cation (mainly Al3+) exchange mechanisms, while for SRP, clean soil can not only react with SRP due to its high Al and Fe content, but also stimulate the migration of active Ca2+ to the capping layer, thus precipitating as Ca-bound P (Ca-P). Clean soil capping also contributed to the restoration of macrophytes during the growing season. However, the effect of controlling internal nutrient loading only lasted for one year under in-situ conditions, after which the sediment properties returned to pre-capping conditions. Our results highlight that clean Ca-poor soil is a promising capping material and further research is needed to extend the longevity of this geoengineering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhe Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Gang Pan
- School of Humanities, York St John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York, YO31 7EX, UK; School of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Robert J G Mortimer
- School of Humanities, York St John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York, YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Juhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, PR China
| | - Shuailong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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Ali J, Yang Y, Pan G. Oxygen micro-nanobubbles for mitigating eutrophication induced sediment pollution in freshwater bodies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117281. [PMID: 36682273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sediment hypoxia is a growing problem and has negative ecological impacts on the aquatic ecosystem. Hypoxia can disturb the biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles of both phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in water columns and sediments. Anthropogenic eutrophication and internal nutrient release from lakebed sediment accelerate hypoxia to form a dead zone. Thus, sediment hypoxia mitigation is necessary for ecological restoration and sustainable development. Conventional aeration practices to control sediment hypoxia, are not effective due to high cost, sediment disturbance and less sustainability. Owing to high solubility and stability, micro-nanobubbles (MNBs) offer several advantages over conventional water and wastewater treatment practices. Clay loaded oxygen micro-nanobubbles (OMNBs) can be delivered into deep water sediment by gravity and settling. Nanobubble technology provides a promising route for cost-effective oxygen delivery in large natural water systems. OMNBs also have the immense potential to manipulate biochemical pathways and microbial processes for remediating sediment pollution in natural waters. This review article aims to analyze recent trends employing OMNBs loaded materials to mitigate sediment hypoxia and subsequent pollution. The first part of the review highlights various minerals/materials used for the delivery of OMNBs into benthic sediments of freshwater bodies. Release of OMNBs at hypoxic sediment water interphase (SWI) can provide significant dissolved oxygen (DO) to remediate hypoxia induced sediment pollution Second part of the manuscript unveils the impacts of OMNBs on sediment pollutants (e.g., methylmercury, arsenic, and greenhouse gases) remediation and microbial processes for improved biogeochemical cycles. The review article will facilitate environmental engineers and ecologists to control sediment pollution along with ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Ali
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yuesuo Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Gang Pan
- Centre of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies, School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom; Jiangsu Jiuguan Institute of Environment and Resources, Yixing, China.
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6
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Liu Z, Bai G, Liu Y, Zou Y, Ding Z, Wang R, Chen D, Kong L, Wang C, Liu L, Liu B, Zhou Q, He F, Wu Z, Zhang Y. Long-term study of ecological restoration in a typical shallow urban lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157505. [PMID: 35870592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the long-term effects (6 years) of sediment improvement and submerged plant restoration of a subtropical shallow urban lake, Hangzhou West Lake China. To reveal the lake ecosystems variations, we analyzed the sediment properties, submerged macrophyte characteristics, sediment microorganisms, and benthic macroinvertebrate communities from 2015 to 2020. The ecological restoration project decreased sediment TP and OM, increased submerged macrophyte biomass and sediment microbial diversity, and improved the benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the restored area. The sediment TP decreased from 2.94 mg/g in 2015 to 1.33 mg/g in 2020. The sediment OM of the restored area decreased from 27.44 % in 2015 to 8.08 % in 2020. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the restoration improved the sediment conditions, making it suitable for the growth of submerged macrophytes, and then sped up the restoration and reconstruction of the lake ecosystem. These results have significant implications on the ecological management of shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guoliang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilingyun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zimao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Disong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lingwei Kong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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7
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Ren B, Weitzel KA, Duan X, Nadagouda MN, Dionysiou DD. A comprehensive review on algae removal and control by coagulation-based processes: mechanism, material, and application. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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8
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Oxygen Nanobubbles for Lake Restoration—Where Are We at? A Review of a New-Generation Approach to Managing Lake Eutrophication. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14131989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Nutrient enrichment of lakes from anthropogenic activities is a significant and increasing issue globally, impairing the health, biodiversity and service provisioning from lakes, with impacts on cultural, recreational, economic and aesthetic values. Internal nutrient loads from lakebed sediment releases are a primary cause of lake eutrophication and have necessitated geoengineering methods to mitigate releases and speed up recovery from eutrophication. Our objective in this review was to evaluate the use of oxygen nanobubbles as a geoengineering technology to remediate low oxygen conditions at the lake sediment/water interface, as a precursor to alleviating eutrophication linked to high internal nutrient loads. Oxygen nanobubbles (NBs) are bubbles < 1000 nm formed at the interface of solid surfaces and aqueous solutions. These bubbles have higher density than water, persist for longer and facilitate greater oxygen solubility than larger bubbles. Methods have been developed to enable NB formation at the surface of carrier materials, which are then used in conjunction with modified local soils (MLSs), to ‘floc, lock and oxygenate’ to strip nutrients from the water column, locking them in lakebed sediments and oxygenating the sediments to prevent re-release of nutrients. Most studies of NBs for lake restoration have thus far only demonstrated their potential for this purpose, using short-term, small-scale core incubations conducted mainly in laboratory settings. Work is required to (1) address scalability, including procurement and cost, (2) extend laboratory incubation studies to large outdoor enclosures and pond/lake trials, (3) examine longevity of the effects in the natural environment, including potential for MLSs to smother benthos and/or have toxic effects, and (4) extend to a range of lake environments and MLS types. Legal, cultural and social acceptance of the technology is another prerequisite of applications in the natural environment and requires individualised analysis. Until these issues are addressed in a systematic way that addresses scalability and recommends suitable carrier materials and MLSs, NBs may continue to remain largely untried as a geoengineering method to address lake eutrophication.
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Zhong J, Chen C, Yu J, Shen Q, Liu C, Fan C. Effect of dredging and capping with clean soil on the mitigation of algae-induced black blooms in Lake Taihu, China: A simulation study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114106. [PMID: 34784568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sediment is an important source of matter that causes blackening and odor formation in a water body. The restoration of polluted sediment can suppress algae-induced black blooms to a certain degree. In this study, we compared the control effects of sediment dredging and capping with clean soil on algae-induced black blooms in Lake Taihu using indoor simulation experiments. In addition, we explored the driving effect of temperature on algae-induced black blooms using the method of gradual warming (18, 23, and 28 °C) during the experiment. No blackening of the water body was observed in the simulation stages I (18 °C) and II (23 °C), and the blackening and odor formation occurred within 3 d when the temperature increased to 28 °C in stage III, implying that high temperature was an important driving factor for algae-induced black blooms. Dredging and capping inhibited the blackening and odor formation to some extent, and the colorimetric values in the water columns were lower in the treatment groups than in the control group. At the end of the experiment, the colorimetric values of dredging and capping treatments were 56.5% and 96.7% of the colorimetric value of the control group, respectively. The control effect of dredging on the blackening elements, i.e., Fe2+ and S2- and the main odor forming compounds, i.e., dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) was observed in stage II (11-20 d) and stage III (21-27 d), respectively, and the inhibition ability of dredging to suppress algal-induced black blooms was superior than that of capping with clean soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China.
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Juhua Yu
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, PR China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
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10
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Peng C, Huang Y, Yan X, Jiang L, Wu X, Zhang W, Wang X. Effect of overlying water pH, temperature, and hydraulic disturbance on heavy metal and nutrient release from drinking water reservoir sediments. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2135-2148. [PMID: 34013658 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
How environmental factors impact the release of pollutants from sediment is critical to ensure the safety of drinking water, especially when the seasons change. Here, we investigated the effect of water pH, temperature, and hydraulic disturbance on the release of heavy metals and nutrients from the sediment of drinking water reservoir. The results show that lower initial water pH promoted the Zn release, while low temperature enhanced the Mn flux after 15 days. Meanwhile, continuous disturbance caused more metals releasing from sediment than intermittent disturbance due to greater shear stress and turbulence effect. However, intermittent high-speed disturbance greatly altered the dynamic release of Zn from L-shaped curve to U-shape in water column. Moreover, lower water pH caused higher ammonium in water but lower nitrate since H+ restrained the nitrification. Yet, higher temperature inhibited the release of ammonium from sediment, which might relate to the accelerated mineralization of organic nitrogen and elevated dissolved oxygen caused by the algae growth. Notably, hydraulic disturbance with various intensity and duration greatly influenced the fluxes of various species of nitrogen and soluble phosphate in water column, because the disturbance facilitated the nitrogen and phosphorus exchanges between sediment-water and water-air interfaces. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Lower water pH induced Zn release, while low temperature gradually enhanced Mn level. More metals were released from sediment under continuous disturbance than intermittent disturbance. Lower water pH caused higher ammonium nitrogen in water but lower nitrate nitrogen. Higher temperature inhibited the release of ammonium nitrogen from sediment. Hydraulic disturbance greatly changed the release of different species of nitrogen and soluble phosphate from sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunying Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuchen Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Wu
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyun Wang
- Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
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11
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Wang C, Cai Q, Li Y, Tian C, Wu X, Huang Y, Xiao B. Simultaneous removal of cyanobacterial blooms and production of clean water by coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42082-42092. [PMID: 33792846 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13664-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A mechanical harvesting technology based on coupling flocculation with a rotary drum filter (RDF, 35-μm) was applied to remove cyanobacterial blooms and produce clean water in Lake Caohai, a sub-lake of Lake Dianchi (Kunming, China). After treatment with a shipboard RDF and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM, 0.5-2 mg/L) flocculation, > 95% of cyanobacterial biomass was removed. The chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration and turbidity in the effluent were < 8 μg/L and < 3 NTU, respectively. Nutrient concentrations were also markedly reduced, with a permanganate index (PI) of < 2 mg/L and total phosphorus concentration of < 20 μg/L. The total nitrogen concentration was reduced from 2.75 to 1.65 mg/L, and most of the residual nitrogen was nitrate. Although powerful for the removal of suspended particles and an enhanced water transparency, the combined technology showed no significant reduction in inorganic nutrients and only a slight reduction in dissolved organic matter (DOM). The concentrations of protein and polysaccharide were significantly reduced, while that of humic matter did not change during the process. After flushing with the effluent of the RDF, a 20,000-m3 enclosure of lake water became clear when the volume of the effluent was 1.8 times that of the water enclosure. The electrical energy per order (EE/O) was calculated to be 0.053kWh/m3, which is lower than that of transferring water from more than 10 km away (0.058 kWh/m3). Thus, a shipboard RDF coupled with CPAM flocculation is a promising approach to remove harmful cyanobacterial blooms and improve the water environment of eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qijia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Li
- Kunming Research Academy of Plateau Lake Dianchi, Kunming, 671500, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Kunming Research Academy of Plateau Lake Dianchi, Kunming, 671500, China.
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Arruda RS, Noyma NP, de Magalhães L, Mesquita MCB, de Almeida ÉC, Pinto E, Lürling M, Marinho MM. 'Floc and Sink' Technique Removes Cyanobacteria and Microcystins from Tropical Reservoir Water. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060405. [PMID: 34200982 PMCID: PMC8228476 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining coagulants with ballast (natural soil or modified clay) to remove cyanobacteria from the water column is a promising tool to mitigate nuisance blooms. Nevertheless, the possible effects of this technique on different toxin-producing cyanobacteria species have not been thoroughly investigated. This laboratory study evaluated the potential effects of the "Floc and Sink" technique on releasing microcystins (MC) from the precipitated biomass. A combined treatment of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) with lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) and/or local red soil (LRS) was applied to the bloom material (mainly Dolichospermum circinalis and Microcystis aeruginosa) of a tropical reservoir. Intra and extracellular MC and biomass removal were evaluated. PAC alone was not efficient to remove the biomass, while PAC + LMB + LRS was the most efficient and removed 4.3-7.5 times more biomass than other treatments. Intracellular MC concentrations ranged between 12 and 2.180 µg L-1 independent from the biomass. PAC treatment increased extracellular MC concentrations from 3.5 to 6 times. However, when combined with ballast, extracellular MC was up to 4.2 times lower in the top of the test tubes. Nevertheless, PAC + LRS and PAC + LMB + LRS treatments showed extracellular MC concentration eight times higher than controls in the bottom. Our results showed that Floc and Sink appears to be more promising in removing cyanobacteria and extracellular MC from the water column than a sole coagulant (PAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Silva Arruda
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524—PHLC Sala 511a, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (N.P.N.); (L.d.M.); (M.C.B.M.); (M.M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Natália Pessoa Noyma
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524—PHLC Sala 511a, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (N.P.N.); (L.d.M.); (M.C.B.M.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Leonardo de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524—PHLC Sala 511a, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (N.P.N.); (L.d.M.); (M.C.B.M.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Marcella Coelho Berjante Mesquita
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524—PHLC Sala 511a, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (N.P.N.); (L.d.M.); (M.C.B.M.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Éryka Costa de Almeida
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (É.C.d.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil; (É.C.d.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Manzi Marinho
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524—PHLC Sala 511a, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil; (N.P.N.); (L.d.M.); (M.C.B.M.); (M.M.M.)
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13
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Zhou J, Li D, Zhao Z, Huang Y. Phosphorus bioavailability and the diversity of microbial community in sediment in response to modified calcium peroxide ceramsite capping. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110682. [PMID: 33434607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioavailability of phosphorus (P) has close relationship with the microbial community in sediments and plays an important role in the sedimentary P release. However, little is known about the relationship between P bioavailability and microbial community under capping conditions. A 62-day experiment was conducted by capping with modified calcium peroxide ceramsite (MCPC) at different addition dosages (from 1:1 to 1:4, the ratio of mobile P in sediment to MCPC). P disappearance and release were expressed by the dissolved inorganic P (DIP) in overlying water. The results show that the proportion of disappeared P in released P was reduced sharply from 44% (Control) to 2% (1:4) under the capping with MCPC. Under the capping, the concentrations of DIP and Fe(Ⅱ) in pore water decreased markedly compared with the control, the removal up to 71.6% and 59.3% (mean, P < 0.05), respectively. The bioavailable P (BAP) presented the obvious decline under the capping with MCPC, which indicates the inhibition on the algae growth. The algae available P (AAP), water soluble P (WSP) and readily desorbable P (RDP) were reduced obviously at the 1:2 ratio compared with the other ratios. On the contrary, the biggest increase of Olsen-P in sediment was at the 1:2 ratio. This may be the explanation why the disappearance of DIP in the pore water was found. The result of microbial community structures in sediment shows that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae increased under the MCPC capping. It is analyzed that the microbial diversity is related negatively with the BAP in the sediments under the capping with MCPC, suggesting that microbial diversity is the key to control the BAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Zhehao Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
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14
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Zhu Y, Cheng S, Wang P, Chen H, Zhang X, Liu L, Li X, Ding Y. A possible environmental-friendly removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by using pyroligneous acid. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111159. [PMID: 32829212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms are crucial environmental issues by threatening both aquatic ecosystem and human health. A biomass by-product with antimicrobial activity, pyroligneous acid (PA) was tested for its suitability for removal of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) in this work. Results show that the removal efficiency could reach up to 90% in the presence of 0.45% of PA and the inhibition to M. aeruginosa growth could extend to at least 40 days. The removal mechanism was studied. Both organic acids and phenols are functional content in M. aeruginosa removal and acetic acid is the most important one. Zeta potential analysis and morphology study show that the damage of cells dominates the flocculation and sedimentation of M. aeruginosa under low PA concentration (<0.7%), and increasing PA (≥0.7%) resulted in a trend of zeta potential to zero, thus removing any "shield" and triggering flocculation. Finally, study on the phenols residual after M. aeruginosa treatment shows that it could be close to 0 in 70 h. Therefore, this work proposes a possible method for world-wide treatment of cyanobacteria bloom and a new way for further utilization of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China.
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Hanyang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Xueru Zhang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Xueliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China.
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15
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Mucci M, Guedes IA, Faassen EJ, Lürling M. Chitosan as a Coagulant to Remove Cyanobacteria Can Cause Microcystin Release. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110711. [PMID: 33182627 PMCID: PMC7696597 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has been tested as a coagulant to remove cyanobacterial nuisance. While its coagulation efficiency is well studied, little is known about its effect on the viability of the cyanobacterial cells. This study aimed to test eight strains of the most frequent bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, exposed to a realistic concentration range of chitosan used in lake restoration management (0 to 8 mg chitosan L-1). We found that after 1 h of contact with chitosan, in seven of the eight strains tested, photosystem II efficiency was decreased, and after 24 h, all the strains tested were affected. EC50 values varied from 0.47 to > 8 mg chitosan L-1 between the strains, which might be related to the amount of extracellular polymeric substances. Nucleic acid staining (Sytox-Green®) illustrated the loss of membrane integrity in all the strains tested, and subsequent leakage of pigments was observed, as well as the release of intracellular microcystin. Our results indicate that strain variability hampers generalization about species response to chitosan exposure. Hence, when used as a coagulant to manage cyanobacterial nuisance, chitosan should be first tested on the natural site-specific biota on cyanobacteria removal efficiency, as well as on cell integrity aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Mucci
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; (E.J.F.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iame A. Guedes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Elisabeth J. Faassen
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; (E.J.F.); (M.L.)
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; (E.J.F.); (M.L.)
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16
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yan P, Luo J, Kong L, Chang J, Liu B, Xu D, He F, Wu Z. Synergistic control of internal phosphorus loading from eutrophic lake sediment using MMF coupled with submerged macrophytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:138697. [PMID: 32438085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sediment phosphorus (P) is the main source of endogenous P for lake eutrophication. An in-situ combined technology for determination the removal effect of sediment P in all fractions was first developed using the novel modified maifanite (MMF) and submerged macrophytes in this study. MMF was synthesized using an acidification process (2.5 mol/L H2SO4) and then a calcination (400 °C) method. The morphology and structure of MMF were characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, and BET. We tested the removal effects of sediment P by MMF and submerged macrophytes in combination and separately. The results demonstrated that the synergistic removal capacity of sediment P using MMF coupled with submerged macrophytes was higher than the sum of them applied separately. MMF could promote the submerged macrophytes growth and enhance the adsorption of extra P on MMF through root oxygenation and nutrient allocation. The microcosm experiment results showed that sediment from fMMF+V. spiralis exhibited the most microbial diversity and abundance among the sediment. The combination of MMF and submerged macrophytes increased the Firmicutes abundance and decreased the Bacteroidetes. These results indicated that adsorption-biological technology can be regarded as a novel and competitive technology to the endogenous pollution control in eutrophic shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Pan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology, University of California-Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lingwei Kong
- Environmental Research and Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Junjun Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Song X, Wang W, Cao X, Wang Y, Zou L, Ge X, Zhao Y, Si Z, Wang Y. Chlorella vulgaris on the cathode promoted the performance of sediment microbial fuel cells for electrogenesis and pollutant removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138011. [PMID: 32361353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The lack of electron acceptors in cathode has limited the widespread application of sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs). In this study, Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) was added to the cathode to produce oxygen as an electron acceptor. The synergistic effects between C. vulgaris and electrogenic microorganisms in SMFCs were investigated, and were shown to enhance biodegradation of organic matter in sediments and convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Results showed that the addition of C. vulgaris on the cathode of SMFCs significantly reduced their internal resistance. The low algae concentration SMFC group reduced the initial internal resistance by 67.4% under illumination and produced a maximum power density of 5.17 W/m3, which was 6 times higher than that of SMFCs without addition of C. vulgaris. We also obtained organic matter removal efficiencies 37.2% higher after 16 days, which accelerated the startup time for three times. It was demonstrated that IEF-N and OP, respectively, were forms of nitrogen and phosphorus removed by SMFCs. Additionally, high-throughput sequencing of microbial communities indicated that C. vulgaris increased the abundance of electrogenic bacteria (Geobacter and Desulfobulbaceae) in the anode and types of photosynthetic bacteria that support oxygen production in the cathode. The combined application of microalgae- and SMFC-based technologies offer a promising remediation approach for organically-contaminated sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshan Song
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Wenting Wang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xin Cao
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Lixiong Zou
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Ge
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Zhihao Si
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
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18
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Zhang K, Pan R, Luo Z, Zhang T, Fan J. Interspecific competition between Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudanadaena and their production of T&O compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126509. [PMID: 32224357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudanabaena are two common cyanobacterial species/genus and they can occur coincidently in many eutrophic lakes globally. These two cyanobacteria could produce Taste & Odor (T&O) compounds, and their production of T&O compounds might be changed when they are present coincidently. The amounts of T&O compounds and their producers may influence the effectiveness of water treatment processes. Therefore, the mutual interactions between Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-905, M) and Pseudanabaena sp. (FACHB-1277, P) on T&O compounds in co-cultures were evaluated in this study. Different initial cell concentrations of M and P, with ratios of M:P = 1:1, M:P = 1:2 and M:P = 2:1 were applied in the co-cultures. The growth of M was enhanced under all of the cyanobacterial cell ratios. The growth of P was enhanced under the ratio of M:P = 1:1, while it was inhibited under the ratios of M:P = 1:2 and M: P = 2:1. In addition, the growth of the two cyanobacteria and their production of β-cyclocitral and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) in the filtrate of P were higher than those in the filtrate of M, which may be attributed to their associated secondary metabolites. The cell integrity and photosynthetic capacity of the two studied cyanobacteria are greatly affected by exposure to β-cyclocitral and 2-MIB. The results showed that β-cyclocitral and 2-MIB had the allelopathic effects on the two cyanobacteria species which might influence the composition of co-existing cyanobacteria and their production of T&O compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renjie Pan
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhang Luo
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Office of Lin'an District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tuqiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajia Fan
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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19
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Song X, Li D, Zhao Z, Zhou J, Xu C, Geng X, Huang Y. The effect of microenvironment in the sediment on phosphorus immobilization under capping with ACPM and Phoslock®. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15440-15453. [PMID: 32077015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, in situ capping is a typical popular geoengineering method for eutrophication control. It is crucial to better understand the effect of microenvironment change due to capping, such as amended calcium peroxide material (ACPM) and Phoslock®, on phosphorus (P) adsorption and immobilization under the addition of external P. The microenvironment in sediment was presented by the concentration of O2, NH4+, and Fe2+ and microbial activity. The P removal and immobilization were also analyzed. The results show that the stronger oxidation in the microenvironment under the capping with ACPM was due to the higher reduction of NH4+ and Fe2+ and the higher increase of microbial activity, compared to Phoslock®. Although, under the capping of ACPM, less amount of external P was removed and there was a faster release of sedimentary P, compared to Phoslock®, ACPM improved the transformation of P from mobile P fractions to inert P fractions. In addition, sedimentary P under the capping of ACPM presents less release than that under the capping of Phoslock® during the anaerobic incubation. However, the settlement of suspended solids decreased the function of capping. All these results indicated that the mechanism of P removal and immobilization was different under the capping of ACPM and Phoslock®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Zhehao Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Chutian Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xue Geng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Kerui Road, Suzhou, 215009, China
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20
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Zhang H, Chen J, Han M, An W, Yu J. Anoxia remediation and internal loading modulation in eutrophic lakes using geoengineering method based on oxygen nanobubbles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136766. [PMID: 31982760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Benthic anoxia and internal P release, widely occurring in eutrophic lakes, are major factors threatening the health of aquatic ecosystems. In this paper, we experimentally evaluated the efficacy of a new type of "flock-lock" geoengineering method based on oxygen nanobubble technology to remediate sediment anoxia and reduce the internal P release in waters with and without algal blooms. Oxygen-carrying materials (OCM) modified from natural zeolites were used as capping agents and an oxygen-locking layer consists of OCM and the oxidized sediment was formed between anoxic sediment and overlying water. The synergy of diffusion and retention of oxygen in this layer contributes to both the increase of DO and reversal of anoxic conditions. By capping with OCM, the DO in overlying water improved instantly from around 1.5 mg/L to 3.5-4 mg/L and 5-6 mg/L in the systems with algal blooms and without algal blooms, respectively, and maintained throughout the incubation period. The oxygen penetration depth in the sediment can be significantly enhanced from around 0 cm to 3 cm and form an oxygen-locking layer at the end of the experiment by capping with OCM. The labile P was effectively retained via the re-oxidation of ferrous iron in this layer compared with the obvious release of labile P and Fe in control. More importantly, the oxygen depletion and labile P increase at the sediment-water interface caused by the decomposition of the deposited algal biomass can be substantially eliminated after capping with OCM. The study shed insights on the sustainable modulation of sediment anoxia and internal loading in eutrophic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Yangtze River Delta Branch, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yiwu 322000, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mingli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei An
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Ji X, Liu C, Zhang M, Yin Y, Pan G. Mitigation of methylmercury production in eutrophic waters by interfacial oxygen nanobubbles. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115563. [PMID: 32059129 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In mercury (Hg)-polluted eutrophic waters, algal blooms are likely to aggravate methylmercury (MeHg) production by causing intensified hypoxia and enriching organic matter at the sediment-water interface. The technology of interfacial oxygen (O2) nanobubbles is proven to alleviate hypoxia and may have potential to mitigate the risks of MeHg formation. In this study, incubation column experiments were performed using sediment and overlying water samples collected from the Baihua Reservoir (China), which is currently suffering from co-contamination of Hg and eutrophication. The results indicated that after the application of O2 nanobubbles, the %MeHg (ratio of MeHg to total Hg) in the overlying water and surface sediment decreased by up to 76% and 56% respectively. In addition, the MeHg concentrations decreased from 0.54 ± 0.15 to 0.17 ± 0.01 ng L-1 in the overlying water and from 56.61 ± 9.23 to 25.48 ± 4.08 ng g-1 in the surface sediment. The decline could be attributed to the alleviation of anoxia and the decrease of labile organic matter and bioavailable Hg. In addition, hgcA gene abundances in the overlying water and surface sediment decreased by up to 69% and 44% after the addition of O2 nanobubbles, as is consistent with MeHg occurrence in such areas. Accordingly, this work proposed a promising strategy of using interfacial oxygen nanobubbles to alleviate the potentially enhanced MeHg production during algal bloom outbreaks in Hg-polluted eutrophic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Ji
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chengbin Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Meiyi Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Yongguang Yin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Beijing Advanced Science and Innovation Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, PR China; Center of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies (iWEF), School of Animal, Rural, and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG25 0QF, UK.
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Jiao Y, Xu L, Li Q, Gu S. Thin-layer fine-sand capping of polluted sediments decreases nutrients in overlying water of Wuhan Donghu Lake in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7156-7165. [PMID: 31879889 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Capping water body sediments with a thin layer of sand is an effective technique to decrease nutrient concentrations in the water column and accelerate ecological restoration of eutrophic water bodies. However, long-term effects of thin-layer sand capping in shallow lakes are reported less often. Using clean fine sand and geotextile mats as capping materials for sediments collected from Wuhan Donghu Lake in China, we designed a 290-day tank experiment with 3 cm of sand capping at four percentages of sediment coverage from 25 to 100% and a control (no capping). We monitored total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate (NO3-), ammonia (NH4+), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the overlying water every 7 days. Mean TN and NO3- concentrations were significantly the lowest (P < 0.05) at 50% coverage. Further increase in coverage kept them slightly fluctuating. NH4+ concentration was significantly lowest (P < 0.05) at 75% coverage. The relation between coverage and mean TP and SRP concentrations indicated that 75% coverage significantly decreased (P < 0.05) them, and increasing coverage to 100% decreased them even more. The fluxes of TN and TP estimated between sediments and overlying water showed that the thin fine-sand layer significantly increased the function of sediments as a sink of TN from overlying water and the potential of a sand layer to block release of TP from sediments (P < 0.05). Our results suggested that if thin-layer sand capping were applied to Wuhan Donghu Lake, more than 50% coverage is required to decrease nutrients in the lake's water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Qingman Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Sen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, OSUR, Géosciences - UMR 6118, F-35000, Rennes, France
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Sima W, Hu M, He Q, Qiu Y, Lv Y, Dai L, Shao Q, Zhou T, Li H, Zhou M, Ai H, Zhan H. Regulation of nitrogen dynamics at the sediment–water interface during HAB degradation and subsequent reoccurrence. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13480-13488. [PMID: 35493021 PMCID: PMC9051457 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on nutrient dynamics have been extensively studied; however, the response of nitrogen to continuous HAB degradation and subsequent reoccurrence is not well understood. Here, a small-scale experiment was conducted to assess how nitrogen in the sediment–water interface (SWI) responds to HAB degradation and subsequent reoccurrence at different initial algal densities. The results showed that during the algae decomposition stage, the NH4+–N flux of the SWI remained positive but decreased with the increase in algal density from 3.5 × 107 to 2.3 × 108 cells per L, indicating that the sediment was the source of NH4+–N. In contrast, the deposit was a sink of NO3−–N. However, during the reoccurrence of HAB, the distribution of NH4+–N and NO3−–N fluxes was completely converted. Nitrogen flux analysis throughout algae decomposition and reoccurrence indicated that although the sediment acted as a sink of nitrogen, the flux was dependent on the initial algal density. Our results confirmed that algae decomposition and reoccurrence would greatly affect the nitrogen cycle of the SWI, during which dissolved oxygen (DO) and initial algal density dominated. This study is the first to show that the regulation of nitrogen flux and migration changes during continuous HAB decomposition and subsequent reoccurrence. The effects of harmful algal blooms (HABs) on nutrient dynamics have been extensively studied; however, the response of nitrogen to continuous HAB degradation and subsequent reoccurrence is not well understood.![]()
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Bioremediation of contaminated river sediment and overlying water using biologically activated beads: A case study from Shedu river, China. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li W, Zhang S, Zhang L, Li X, Wang F, Li G, Li J, Li W. In-situ remediation of sediment by calcium nitrate combined with composite microorganisms under low-DO regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134109. [PMID: 31476511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, in-situ remediation of sediment was carried out by combining various methods. The results showed that the treatment effect of Calcium nitrate + composite functional microorganisms + Low-DO (dissolved oxygen) aeration (CN/CFM/LDA) was the best, in which 2.5 g calcium nitrate, 1 g functional bacteria and intermittent aeration (0.1 m3/h, 3 h per day) were utilized for the remediation of 500 g sediments within 40-day experimental period. The DO and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in overlying water have been improved from 3.23 mg/L to 4.4 mg/L and 25.8 mV to 112.4 mV, respectively. The release fluxes of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) were respectively reduced by 30.51%, 13.11% and 77.45% compared with the control and the removal rate of the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in sediments was 94.14% compared with the original sample. The results of high-throughput sequencing show that the dominant bacterial community in CN/CFM/LDA was transformed into Proteobacteria (relative abundance of 74.17%) at the phylum level and Thiobacillus (relative abundance of 38.52%) at the genus level. The results of 16S functional prediction indicated that the remediation method can enhance the numbers of microbial key enzymes (92360) in the nitrification and denitrification process, where Low-DO aeration can mediate the growth of denitrifying bacteria and promote the performance of key enzymes. In conclusion, the experimental results show that the use of calcium nitrate and composite functional microorganisms under low-DO regulation has a promising remediation effect on sediments of black-malodorous water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
| | - Shaokang Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lieyu Zhang
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guowen Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Biswas B, Warr LN, Hilder EF, Goswami N, Rahman MM, Churchman JG, Vasilev K, Pan G, Naidu R. Biocompatible functionalisation of nanoclays for improved environmental remediation. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3740-3770. [PMID: 31206104 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01019f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among the wide range of materials used for remediating environmental contaminants, modified and functionalised nanoclays show particular promise as advanced sorbents, improved dispersants, or biodegradation enhancers. However, many chemically modified nanoclay materials are incompatible with living organisms when they are used in natural systems with detrimental implications for ecosystem recovery. Here we critically review the pros and cons of functionalised nanoclays and provide new perspectives on the synthesis of environmentally friendly varieties. Particular focus is given to finding alternatives to conventional surfactants used in modified nanoclay products, and to exploring strategies in synthesising nanoclay-supported metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. A large number of promising nanoclay-based sorbents are yet to satisfy environmental biocompatibility in situ but opportunities are there to tailor them to produce "biocompatible" or regenerative/reusable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabananda Biswas
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. and Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Laurence N Warr
- Institute for Geography and Geology, University of Greifswald, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Emily F Hilder
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Nirmal Goswami
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Mohammad M Rahman
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. and Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Jock G Churchman
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Gang Pan
- Centre of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies, School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Southwell, NG25 0QF, UK
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ACT building, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. and Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Modified Local Soil (MLS) Technology for Harmful Algal Bloom Control, Sediment Remediation, and Ecological Restoration. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs), eutrophication, and internal pollutant sources from sediment, represent serious problems for public health, water quality, and ecological restoration worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that Modified Local Soil (MLS) technology is an efficient and cost-effective method to flocculate the HABs from water and settle them onto sediment. Additionally, MLS capping treatment can reduce the resuspension of algae flocs from the sediment, and convert the algal cells, along with any excessive nutrients in-situ into fertilisers for the restoration of submerged macrophytes in shallow water systems. Furthermore, the capping treatment using oxygen nanobubble-MLS materials can also mitigate sediment anoxia, causing a reduction in the release of internal pollutants, such as nutrients and greenhouse gases. This paper reviews and quantifies the main features of MLS by investigating the effect of MLS treatment in five pilot-scale whole-pond field experiments carried out in Lake Tai, South China, and in Cetian Reservoir in Datong city, North China. Data obtained from field monitoring showed that the algae-dominated waters transform into a macrophyte-dominated state within four months of MLS treatment in shallow water systems. The sediment-water nutrient fluxes were substantially reduced, whilst water quality (TN, TP, and transparency) and biodiversity were significantly improved in the treatment ponds, compared to the control ponds within a duration ranging from one day to three years. The sediment anoxia remediation effect by oxygen nanobubble-MLS treatment may further contribute to deep water hypoxia remediation and eutrophication control. Combined with the integrated management of external loads control, MLS technology can provide an environmentally friendly geo-engineering method to accelerate ecological restoration and control eutrophication.
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28
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Chen C, Shi X, Yang Z, Fan F, Li Y. An integrated method for controlling the offensive odor and suspended matter originating from algae-induced black blooms. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:526-532. [PMID: 30660909 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic algae-induced black blooms can trigger crises in urban water supplies and have fatal effects on aquatic ecosystems. Urgent disposal methods to mitigate the taste and odor are imperative for ensuring the safety of the drinking water supply. In this study, we tested three oxidants and two flocculants to improve water quality after the occurrence of a black bloom. The results indicated that a two-step integrated treatment process is efficient as an urgent disposal measure. The first step is removal of volatile organic sulfide compounds (VOSCs) through the addition of H2O2. A total of 50 mg/L of H2O2 can largely decrease the concentrations of dimethyl trisulfide and related alkyl sulfide compounds in the water column. The second step is the flocculation and sedimentation of black-bloom-induced black matter via a chitosan-modified clay. The addition of 1 g/L of an attapulgite clay plus 10 mg/L of chitosan can effectively deposit suspended matter on the bottom of the water column and have a positive effect on the removal of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
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Ai H, Qiu Y, He Q, He Y, Yang C, Kang L, Luo H, Li W, Mao Y, Hu M, Li H. Turn the potential greenhouse gases into biomass in harmful algal blooms waters: A microcosm study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:520-528. [PMID: 30476831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon sources are a critical requirement for the proliferation of algae and the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), but are often turned into methane (CH4) after the collapse of severe HABs. Here, we attempt to remove HABs, reduce algal-derived CH4 emissions, and repair the broken carbon biogeochemical cycle in aquatic systems using an integrated ecological approach including flocculation, capping, and submerged macrophyte induction, preliminary at a microcosm scale. This strategy sustainably reached 98% algal removal after 65 days of incubation and resulted in an aerobic microenvironment (ORP = +12 mv) at the sediment-water interface. The approach contributed to an approximate 60% decline in CH4 released from the aquatic environment into the atmosphere jointly through assimilation of mineralized organic carbon by submerged macrophytes, production of carbon dioxide (CO2) under aerobic conditions, and aerobic CH4 oxidation. Some of the CO2 produced in the aquatic phase contributed to inorganic carbon and formed the submerged macrophytes biomass. A combination of flocculation, capping, and submerged macrophyte incubation were significant contributors to altering the carbon budget and sealing nearly 99% of the carbon in the simulated ecosystem (the majority in sediment, followed by submerged macrophytes), providing a sustainable way to reuse algal-derived carbon and reduce CH4 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Ai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yixi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yixin He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Li Kang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Huarui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yufeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Meijuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Tan K, Huang Z, Ji R, Qiu Y, Wang Z, Liu J. A review of allelopathy on microalgae. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2019; 165:587-592. [PMID: 30688632 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Algal blooms have severe impacts on the utilization of water resources. The discovery of allelopathy provides a new dimension to solving this problem due to its high efficiency, safety and economy. Allelopathy can suppress the growth of microalgae by impairing the structure, photosynthesis and enzyme activity of algal cells. In the current work, we first demonstrate the allelopathy and allelochemicals derived from both plants and algae. We then expound the potential mechanisms of allelopathy on microalgae. Next, the potential application of allelochemicals in water environment is proposed. Finally, the key challenge and future perspective are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiting Tan
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ziqi Huang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ruibo Ji
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongting Qiu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Junxia Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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31
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Zhu Y, Tang W, Jin X, Shan B. Using biochar capping to reduce nitrogen release from sediments in eutrophic lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:93-104. [PMID: 30053668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of reduced nitrogen release from sediments were studied using biochar (BC) capping in simulated water-sediment systems. Dried solid waste of Phyllostachys pubescens was used to produce BC, which was then pyrolyzed at 500 °C. Subsequently, 14 sediment cores were collected, including the sediment-water interface and some overlying water, from two sites in Baiyangdian Lake (China). The sediment cores were split into two batches (A and B), and then two each were capped with soil, BC or a BC/soil mixture, and incubated for 30 days. In the BC capped cores, the ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations decreased from 0.90 mg·L-1 to 0.05 mg·L-1, 0.88 mg·L-1 to 0.18 mg·L-1, 6.93 mg·L-1 to 2.81 mg·L-1, respectively, in batch A and 3.51 mg·L-1 to 0.11 mg·L-1, 0.92 mg·L-1 to 0.61 mg·L-1, 8.88 mg·L-1 to 3.32 mg·L-1, respectively, in batch B. The sediments to water fluxes of NH4+-N, NO3--N and TN were greatly reduced or reversed. Compared with other cappings, the BC layer was shown to absorb more NH4+-N from the pore water, thereby breaking the diffusion gradient of NH4+-N at the sediment-water interface, and has a good inhibitory effect on the endogenous release of NH4+-N from the sediments. Additionally, in the BC capped cores, the redox potential remarkably increased and dissolved oxygen was comparatively high. This study suggests that BC capping can reduce the amount of nitrogen released from polluted sediments because the diffusion of nitrogen to the overlying water is chemically blocked by the cap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoqing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Microcystis aeruginosa Synergistically Facilitate the Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride and Cr(VI) on PAN/TiO2/Ag Nanofiber Mats. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8120628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms can cause serious damage to aquatic ecosystems. However, we have demonstrated that typical algae-blooming species Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) combined with photocatalysts could synergistically facilitate the photodecontamination of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and Cr(VI). In this study, for the first time, harmful algae were successfully converted into photoreactive bionano hybrid materials by immobilizing M. aeruginosa cells onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-TiO2/Ag hybrid nanofibers, and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated. The addition of M. aeruginosa significantly improved the photodecontamination, and the reaction rate constant (k) values of TC and Cr(VI) degradation by M. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber mats were 2.4 and 1.5-fold higher than that of bare PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber. Photoreaction caused damage to algae cells, but no microcystin was found that had been photodegraded simultaneously. The effects of various active species were also investigated, and the photodegradation mechanism was proposed. Recycling tests revealed that this flexible M. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag hybrid mat had potential application in the removal of mixed organic and inorganic pollutants with high efficiency and without secondary pollutants. Thus, harmful algae blooms could serve as an efficient materials to remove toxic pollutants in a sustainable way under visible light irradiation.
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Zhang H, Shang Y, Lyu T, Chen J, Pan G. Switching Harmful Algal Blooms to Submerged Macrophytes in Shallow Waters Using Geo-engineering Methods: Evidence from a 15N Tracing Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:11778-11785. [PMID: 30207712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Switching the dominance from algae to macrophytes is crucial for lake management of human-induced eutrophication. Nutrients from algal sources can be utilized in the process of transition from algal blooms to macrophytes, thereby mitigating eutrophication. However, this process rarely occurs in algal bloom dominated waters. Here, we examined the hypothesis that the transition of algal blooms to macrophytes and the transfer of nutrients from algae at different temperatures (8 and 25 °C) can be facilitated by using a geo-engineering method. The results showed that the combination of flocculation and capping treatment could not only remove Microcystis aeruginosa blooms from eutrophic waters but also facilitate algal decomposition and incorporation into a submerged macrophyte ( Potamogeton crispus) biomass. The flocculation-capping treatment could trigger algal cell lysis. As compared with the control groups, the photosynthesis and respiration rate of algae were inhibited and chlorophyll-a (Chl- a) concentrations were significantly reduced in the flocculation-capping treatment groups. The 15N tracing study revealed that 3.3% and 34.8% of algae-derived nitrogen could be assimilated by Potamogeton crispus at 8 and 25 °C, respectively. The study demonstrated that the flocculation-capping method can facilitate the switchover from algae- to the macrophyte-dominated state, which is crucial for restoring the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
| | - Tao Lyu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences , and §Centre of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies (iWEF) , Nottingham Trent University , Brackenhurst Campus , NG25 0QF , U.K
| | - Jun Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences , and §Centre of Integrated Water-Energy-Food Studies (iWEF) , Nottingham Trent University , Brackenhurst Campus , NG25 0QF , U.K
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Zhang H, Lyu T, Bi L, Tempero G, Hamilton DP, Pan G. Combating hypoxia/anoxia at sediment-water interfaces: A preliminary study of oxygen nanobubble modified clay materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:550-560. [PMID: 29754089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Combating hypoxia/anoxia is an increasingly common need for restoring natural waters suffering from eutrophication. Oxygen nanobubble modified natural particles were investigated for mitigating hypoxia/anoxia at the sediment-water interface (SWI) in a simulated column experiment. By adding oxygen nanobubble modified zeolites (ONMZ) and local soils (ONMS), the oxygen nanobubble concentrations (105-107 particles/mL) were several orders of magnitude higher in the water than the original water solution (104 particles/mL) within 24 h. In the column experiment, an oxygen-locking surface sediment layer was formed after capping with ONMZ and ONMS particles. The synergy of diffusion of oxygen nanobubbles and retention of oxygen in this layer contributes to both the increase of DO and reversal of hypoxic conditions. The overlying water had significantly higher dissolved oxygen (DO) values (4-7.5 mg/L) over the experimental period of 127 days in ONMZ and ONMS compared with the control systems (around 1 mg/L). Moreover, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) was reversed from -200 mV to 180-210 mV and maintained positive values for 89 days in ONMZ systems. In the control systems, ORP was consistently negative and decreased from -200 mV to -350 mV. The total phosphorus (TP) flux from sediment to water across the SWI was negative in the ONMZ and ONMS treated systems, but positive in the control system, indicating the sediment could be switched from TP source to sink. The oxygen-locking capping layer was crucial in preventing oxygen consumption caused by the reduced substances released from the anoxic sediment. The study outlines a potentially promising technology for mitigating sediment anoxia and controlling nutrient release from sediments, which could contribute significantly to addressing eutrophication and ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tao Lyu
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG250QF, UK
| | - Lei Bi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Grant Tempero
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - David P Hamilton
- Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand; Current Address: Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane 4120, Australia
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, NG250QF, UK.
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Wang L, Miao X, Ali J, Lyu T, Pan G. Quantification of Oxygen Nanobubbles in Particulate Matters and Potential Applications in Remediation of Anaerobic Environment. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:10624-10630. [PMID: 30320247 PMCID: PMC6173480 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial nanobubbles can exist on various hydrophobic and hydrophilic material interfaces. There are diverse applications for oxygen nanobubbles, which are closely related to their content and long-term stability. However, it remains challenging to determine the amount of nanobubbles loaded in a porous material. In this study, a novel method was used to quantify the total amount of oxygen nanobubbles loaded onto irregular particulate materials. Different materials were evaluated and their oxygen-loading capacities were found to be as follows: activated carbon (AC) > zeolite > biochar > diatomite > coal ash > clay. Significant differences in oxygen-loading capacities were mainly ascribed to differences in the specific surface area and hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of the materials. The total oxygen loading on AC achieved using the high pressure loading method was higher than that achieved by the temperature variation method. This new quantitative method provides the possibility for the manipulation of oxygen nanobubble materials in practical applications and it is anticipated to be an important supplement to the existing methods of characterizing interfacial oxygen nanobubbles. Our results demonstrate that materials containing oxygen nanobubbles can significantly increase the dissolved oxygen and oxidation reduction potential in anaerobic systems. With the addition of oxygen-loaded materials (such as AC), the survival time of zebrafish was prolonged up to 20 h in a deoxygenated water system, and the germination rate of Vallisneria spiralis was also increased from 27 to 73% in an anaerobic sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department
of Environmental Nanotechnology, Research Center for Eco-environmental
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Miao
- Department
of Environmental Nanotechnology, Research Center for Eco-environmental
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Research
Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jafar Ali
- Department
of Environmental Nanotechnology, Research Center for Eco-environmental
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- Research
Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao Lyu
- School
of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell NG25 0QF, U.K.
| | - Gang Pan
- Department
of Environmental Nanotechnology, Research Center for Eco-environmental
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
- School
of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell NG25 0QF, U.K.
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Yu J, Zhong J, Chen Q, Huang W, Hu L, Zhang Y, Fan C. An investigation of the effects of capping on internal phosphorus release from sediments under rooted macrophytes (Phragmites australis) revegetation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24682-24694. [PMID: 29916150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In eutrophic lake restorations, in situ capping is an often considered method to control sediment internal phosphorus (P) pollution for mitigating eutrophication status. Subsequent aquatic macrophyte revegetation can directly derive P from the sediment for growth. However, the effects of capping with clean soils on internal P release from sediments under rooted aquatic macrophyte revegetation are still unclear. In the present study, the influences of sediment P remobilization by P. australis revegetation on P inactivation by capping were investigated based on an entire growth simulation study. Our findings showed during the growth of P. australis, tests conducted on total phosphorous (TP), calcium-bound P (Ca-P), loosely bound P (loose-P), organic P (Org-P), and iron-adsorbed P (Fe-P) found significant changes (p < 0.001). Specifically, the mean contents of TP and Ca-P decreased by 291.1 and 224.2 mg kg-1, respectively, while those of Fe-P increased from 26.4 to 124.8 mg kg-1. In addition, sediment mobile-P contents increased coincidentally with the growth of P. australis during the whole course of experiment. Further analysis indicated calculated diffusion fluxes of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) generally increased with incubation time, although capping effectively induced the reduction of SRP concentration in pore water and its release to waters. Therefore, sediment P remobilization by P. australis revegetation was able to enhance P lability in lake sediments, with intermediate activation ability compared to other correlated water bodies. This phenomenon was most likely attributed to solubilization of sediment P by organic acids secreted from P. australis rhizosphere. Overall, sediment P remobilization by rooted macrophytes is unfavorable for capping to control internal P release to water column during eutrophic lake restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuming Hu
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Shi W, Pan G, Chen Q, Song L, Zhu L, Ji X. Hypoxia Remediation and Methane Emission Manipulation Using Surface Oxygen Nanobubbles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:8712-8717. [PMID: 30001132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Algal blooms in eutrophic waters often induce anoxia/hypoxia and enhance methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere, which may contribute to global warming. At present, there are very few strategies available to combat this problem. In this study, surface oxygen nanobubbles were tested as a novel approach for anoxia/hypoxia remediation and CH4 emission control. Incubation column experiments were conducted using sediment and water samples taken from Lake Taihu, China. The results indicated that algae-induced anoxia/hypoxia could be reduced or reversed after oxygen nanobubbles were loaded onto zeolite micropores and delivered to anoxic sediment. Cumulated CH4 emissions were also reduced by a factor of 3.2 compared to the control. This was mainly attributed to the manipulation of microbial processes using the surface oxygen nanobubbles, which potentially served as oxygen suppliers. The created oxygen-enriched environment simultaneously decreased methanogen but increased methanotroph abundances, making a greater fraction of organic carbon recycled as carbon dioxide (CO2) instead of CH4. The CH4/CO2 emission ratio decreased to 3.4 × 10-3 in the presence of oxygen nanobubbles, compared to 11 × 10-3 in the control, and therefore the global warming potential was reduced. This study proposes a possible strategy for anoxia/hypoxia remediation and CH4 emission control in algal bloom waters, which may benefit global warming mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
- Center for Eco-Environment Research , Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute , Nanjing 210098 , China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
- School of Animal, Rural, and Environmental Sciences , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham NG25 0QF , U.K
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Center for Eco-Environment Research , Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute , Nanjing 210098 , China
| | - Lirong Song
- Institute of Hydrobiology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430075 , China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering , Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044 , China
| | - Xiaonan Ji
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , China
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Tang X, Zhang X, Cao T, Ni L, Xie P. Reconstructing clear water state and submersed vegetation on behalf of repeated flocculation with modified soil in an in situ mesocosm experiment in Lake Taihu. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1433-1445. [PMID: 29996440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The geo-engineering approach of modified soil flocculation has been widely applied to mitigate algal blooms and eutrophication in relatively small lakes. Nevertheless, its potential ecological risks and feasibility should be examined and identified prior to its application in large natural lakes given the multiple functions of these water bodies in human health and welfare. In situ mesocosm experiments on modified soil flocculation were performed in Lake Taihu during summer 2010 and 2011. Chitosan-modified kaolinite (CMK) soil was used to flocculate algal blooms and improve water transparency to facilitate the re-establishment of the submersed macrophyte Vallisneria natans in this shallow eutrophic lake. Moreover, the ecological effects of CMK soil were assessed. Results showed that repeated additions of CMK (0.3g/L for each time) improved water quality in terms of Chl-a, TN, and TP concentrations; TN/TP ratio; turbidity; redox conditions; and nitrification and denitrification activities. These effects lasted for 48days. After the fourth dose of CMK, the biomass of all phytoplankton categories, except for that of Cryptophyta, decreased by >90% (ca. 1-2×106cell/L or 0.38-0.55mg/L of wet weight). Zooplankton biomass markedly decreased after the first CMK addition, and copepods became dominant. These effects, however, did not last for the long term. Most importantly, submersed V. natans was restored successfully when water clarity and quality were improved through repeated CMK flocculation. Nevertheless, the indices of carbohydrate depletion and free amino acid accumulation indicated that the plant experienced physiological stresses. The reestablishment of V. natans reinforced the positive effects of repeated CMK dosing on water quality, and promoted a clear water state. V. natans is recommended for vegetative restoration in shallow eutrophic lakes given its facile transplantation, high stress tolerance, and physiological traits, which can be applied as indices of post-flocculation effects. In summary, the combination of repeated CMK dosing and revegetation of V. natans can feasibly improve water quality and initiate the restoration of a clear water state in shallow eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Huaian Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211102, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Te Cao
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Leyi Ni
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Wang X, Wang X, Wei Z, Zhang S. Potent removal of cyanobacteria with controlled release of toxic secondary metabolites by a titanium xerogel coagulant. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 128:341-349. [PMID: 29117587 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooming is a serious environmental issue throughout the world. Removal of cyanobacterial cells from surface water with controlled release of cyanobacterial organic matter (COM), especially toxic microcystins (MCs), would potentially reduce the processing burden in follow-up water treatment. Coagulation is a key technique in water treatment. Herein, the potential application of a novel titanium xerogel coagulant (TXC) was evaluated for the treatment of cyanobacteria-laden water in terms of cyanobacteria removal efficiency, variation of cell viability, the release and evolution of COM in the floc accumulation and storage process. Under acidic to neutral conditions, TXC showed a higher removal efficiency of approximately 99% for cyanobacteria and a lower residual Ti concentration than the widely-used commercial polyferric sulfate (PFS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC). Another advantage of TXC was the reduced MCs concentration caused by the released acetylacetone (AcAc) from the hydrolysis of TXC. Under solar irradiation, AcAc degraded the extracellular MCs from an initial concentration of 40 μg/L to a residual concentration of 7 μg/L during a 16-day floc storage process. The low residual Ti concentration (< 0.04 mg/L) and the efficient removal of COM/MCs following TXC coagulation reduced the toxicity to photobacteria. The results demonstrate that TXC is a promising dual-effect coagulant for treatment of cyanobacteria-laden water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Zhongbo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China.
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40
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Pei H, Jin Y, Xu H, Ma C, Sun J, Li H. Using quartz sand to enhance the removal efficiency of M. aeruginosa by inorganic coagulant and achieve satisfactory settling efficiency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13586. [PMID: 29051599 PMCID: PMC5648817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, low-cost and non-polluting quartz sand was respectively mixed with AlCl3, FeCl3 and PAFC to synergistically remove Microcystis aeruginosa. Results showed that quartz sand could markedly increase the algae removal efficiency and decrease the coagulant doses. The increase of removal efficiency with AlCl3 and FeCl3 was only due to the enhancement of floc density by the quartz sand. However, the removal efficiency with PAFC was increased not only by the enhanced floc density, but also by the enlarged floc size. Flocs from 50 mg/L sand addition were larger than that with other sand doses, which was on account of the appropriate enhancement of collision efficiency at this dose. After coagulation, the extracellular organic matter (EOM) and microcystins (MCs) in system with quartz sand was remarkably reduced. That’s because quartz sand can enhance the coagulation so as to improve capping the EOM and MCs in flocs during coagulation process. Owing to 200 mg/L quartz sand could damage the cell’s membrane during coagulation proces, algal cells in the system lysed two days earlier than with 50 mg/L sand during flocs storage. In addition, cells with PAFC incurred relatively moderate cellular oxidative damage and could remain intact for longer time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China. .,Shandong provincial engineering center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan, 250061, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hangzhou Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jiongming Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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Fan Y, Li Y, Wu D, Li C, Kong H. Application of zeolite/hydrous zirconia composite as a novel sediment capping material to immobilize phosphorus. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 123:1-11. [PMID: 28641088 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A unique sediment-capping agent consisting of a zeolite/hydrous zirconia composite (ZHZ) was developed and tested for P-immobilization in the overlying water and sediment cores from a freshwater pond. In the ZHZ, NaP1 zeolite was covered with hydrous zirconia, which existed as an amorphous phase. Experimental results in pond water indicated that ZHZ could efficiently remove soluble reactive phosphorus. The 28-day sediment incubation experiments showed that capping sediment with ZHZ resulted in a more efficient, rapid and sustained decrease in P concentration when compared with the traditional alum treatment method. Furthermore, ZHZ increased the sediment stability, resulting in the lowest turbidity, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations in overlying water following artificially induced resuspension of sediment. Phosphorus fractionation of sediment showed that the dominant P form transferred from HCl-extractable P to residual P, and the most release-sensitive P (labile P and reductant reactive P) was decreased after ZHZ application. Overall, ZHZ is a highly effective P-immobilization material. ZHZ has high potential as a sediment capping material to control internal P loading in eutrophic water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Deyi Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Chunjie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hainan Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
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42
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Liu C, Chen K, Wang Z, Fan C, Gu X, Huang W. Nitrogen exchange across the sediment-water interface after dredging: The influence of contaminated riverine suspended particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:879-886. [PMID: 28774552 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dredging has been widely implemented in shallow lakes to reduce internal nitrogen (N) loading. The suspended particulate matter (SPM) coming from polluted rivers usually contains high levels of N and ultimately deposits on the dredged sediment surfaces near the river mouth. To study the influence of the riverine SPM on N exchange across the sediment-water interface (SWI) after dredging, a 360-day experiment was carried out comparing un-dredged and dredged sediments from Lake Chaohu, China. Dredged treatments showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in total N concentrations in the sediments, while the deposition of SPM had little influence on labile NH4+-N concentrations. In addition, NH4+-N concentrations in pore-water and NH4+-N fluxes were significantly lower in dredged than in un-dredged sediments, despite the deposition of SPM. The oxygen production rates and the oxygen penetration depth in the dredged sediments were both higher than those in the un-dredged sediments. The increase of Nitrospira in dredged sediments was consistent with their decreased NH4+-N concentrations and fluxes across the SWI. Therefore, the oxidizing condition, increased oxygen production/consumption rates and Nitrospira relative abundance across the SWI were believed to be correlated with the low N exchange rates in dredged sediments. Dredging for reducing internal N loading in a river mouth area is therefore feasible, although the influence of the riverine SPM should be taken into account when aiming to achieve a long-term internal N loading reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Kaining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Xiaozhi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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Li J, Li R, Li J. Current research scenario for microcystins biodegradation - A review on fundamental knowledge, application prospects and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:615-632. [PMID: 28407581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are common cyanotoxins produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) and severely threaten human and ecosystems health. Biodegradation is an efficient and sustainable biological strategy for MCs removal. Many novel findings in fundamental knowledge and application potential of MC-biodegradation have been documented. Little effort has devoted to summarize and comment recent research progress on MC-biodegradation, and discuss the research problems and gaps. This review deals with current research scenario in aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation for MCs. Diverse organisms capable of degrading MCs are encapsulated. Enzymatic mechanisms and influence factors regulating aerobic and anaerobic MC-biodegradation are summarized and discussed, which are essential for assessing and reducing MC-risks during HCBs episodes. Also, we propose some ideas to solve the challenges and bottleneck problems in practical application of MC-biodegradation, and discuss research gaps and promising research methods which deserve special attention. This review may provide new insights on future direction of MC-biodegradation research, in order to further broaden its application prospects for bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Renhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Yu J, Ding S, Zhong J, Fan C, Chen Q, Yin H, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Evaluation of simulated dredging to control internal phosphorus release from sediments: Focused on phosphorus transfer and resupply across the sediment-water interface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 592:662-673. [PMID: 28318691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sediment dredging is an effective restoration method to control the internal phosphorus (P) loading of eutrophic lakes. However, the core question is that the real mechanism of dredging responsible for sediment internal P release still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the P exchange across the sediment-water interface (SWI) and the internal P resupply ability from the sediments after dredging. The study is based on a one-year field simulation study in Lake Taihu, China, using a Rhizon soil moisture sampler, high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper), ZrO-Chelex diffusive gradients in thin film (ZrO-Chelex DGT), and P fractionation and adsorption isotherm techniques. The results showed low concentration of labile P in the pore water with a low diffusion potential and a low resupply ability from the sediments after dredging. The calculated flux of P from the post-dredged sediments decreased by 58% compared with that of non-dredged sediments. Furthermore, the resupply in the upper 20mm of the post-dredged sediments was reduced significantly after dredging (P<0.001). Phosphorus fractionation analysis showed a reduction of 25% in the mobile P fractions in the post-dredged sediments. Further analysis demonstrated that the zero equilibrium P concentration (EPC0), partitioning coefficient (Kp), and adsorption capacity (Qmax) on the surface sediments increased after dredging. Therefore, dredging could effectively reduce the internal P resupply ability of the sediments. The reasons for this reduction are probably the lower contributions of mobile P fractions, higher retention ability, and the adsorption capacity of P for post-dredged sediments. Overall, this investigation indicated that dredging was capable of effectively controlling sediment internal P release, which could be ascribed to the removal of the surface sediments enriched with total phosphorus (TP) and/or organic matter (OM), coupled with the inactivation of P to iron (Fe) (hydr)oxides in the upper 20mm active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China; CEER, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jicheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- CEER, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 73 Beijing East Road, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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Mucci M, Noyma NP, de Magalhães L, Miranda M, van Oosterhout F, Guedes IA, Huszar VLM, Marinho MM, Lürling M. Chitosan as coagulant on cyanobacteria in lake restoration management may cause rapid cell lysis. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 118:121-130. [PMID: 28423343 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Combining coagulant and ballast to remove cyanobacteria from the water column is a promising restoration technique to mitigate cyanobacterial nuisance in surface waters. The organic, biodegradable polymer chitosan has been promoted as a coagulant and is viewed as non-toxic. In this study, we show that chitosan may rapidly compromise membrane integrity and kill certain cyanobacteria leading to release of cell contents in the water. A strain of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and one strain of Planktothrix agardhii were most sensitive. A 1.3 h exposure to a low dose of 0.5 mg l-1 chitosan already almost completely killed these cultures resulting in release of cell contents. After 24 h, reductions in PSII efficiencies of all cyanobacteria tested were observed. EC50 values varied from around 0.5 mg l-1 chitosan for the two sensitive strains, via about 5 mg l-1 chitosan for an Aphanizomenon flos-aquae strain, a toxic P. agardhii strain and two Anabaena cylindrica cultures, to more than 8 mg l-1 chitosan for a Microcystis aeruginosa strain and another A. flos-aquae strain. Differences in sensitivity to chitosan might be related to polymeric substances that surround cyanobacteria. Rapid lysis of toxic strains is likely and when chitosan flocking and sinking of cyanobacteria is considered in lake restoration, flocculation efficacy studies should be complemented with investigation on the effects of chitosan on the cyanobacteria assemblage being targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Mucci
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Natalia Pessoa Noyma
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela Miranda
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank van Oosterhout
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iamê Alves Guedes
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21949-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vera L M Huszar
- Museu Nacional, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Manzi Marinho
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524-PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Noyma NP, de Magalhães L, Miranda M, Mucci M, van Oosterhout F, Huszar VLM, Marinho MM, Lima ERA, Lürling M. Coagulant plus ballast technique provides a rapid mitigation of cyanobacterial nuisance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178976. [PMID: 28598977 PMCID: PMC5466316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms are a risk to environmental health and public safety due to the potent toxins certain cyanobacteria can produce. These nuisance organisms can be removed from water bodies by biomass flocculation and sedimentation. Here, we studied the efficacy of combinations of a low dose coagulant (poly-aluminium chloride-PAC-or chitosan) with different ballast compounds (red soil, bauxite, gravel, aluminium modified zeolite and lanthanum modified bentonite) to remove cyanobacterial biomass from water collected in Funil Reservoir (Brazil). We tested the effect of different cyanobacterial biomass concentrations on removal efficiency. We also examined if zeta potential was altered by treatments. Addition of low doses of PAC and chitosan (1-8 mg Al L-1) to the cyanobacterial suspensions caused flock formation, but did not settle the cyanobacteria. When those low dose coagulants were combined with ballast, effective settling in a dose-dependent way up to 99.7% removal of the flocks could be achieved without any effect on the zeta potential and thus without potential membrane damage. Removal efficacy was influenced by the cyanobacterial biomass and at higher biomass more ballast was needed to achieve good removal. The combined coagulant-ballast technique provides a promising alternative to algaecides in lakes, ponds and reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia P Noyma
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcela Miranda
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maíra Mucci
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van Oosterhout
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera L M Huszar
- Museu Nacional, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Marinho
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R A Lima
- Chemistry Institute, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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47
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Miranda M, Noyma N, Pacheco FS, de Magalhães L, Pinto E, Santos S, Soares MFA, Huszar VL, Lürling M, Marinho MM. The efficiency of combined coagulant and ballast to remove harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a tropical shallow system. HARMFUL ALGAE 2017; 65:27-39. [PMID: 28526117 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that a combination of coagulant and ballast could be efficient for removal of positively buoyant harmful cyanobacteria in shallow tropical waterbodies, and will not promote the release of cyanotoxins. This laboratory study examined the efficacy of coagulants [polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and chitosan (made of shrimp shells)] alone, and combined with ballast (lanthanum modified bentonite, red soil or gravel) to remove the natural populations of cyanobacteria collected from a shallow eutrophic urban reservoir with alternating blooms of Cylindrospermopsis and Microcystis. PAC combined with ballast was effective in settling blooms dominated by Microcystis or Cylindrospermopsis. Contrary to our expectation, chitosan combined with ballast was only effective in settling Cylindrospermopsis-dominated blooms at low pH, whereas at pH≥8 no effective flocculation and settling could be evoked. Chitosan also had a detrimental effect on Cylindrospermopsis causing the release of saxitoxins. In contrast, no detrimental effect on Microcystis was observed and all coagulant-ballast treatments were effective in not only settling the Microcystis dominated bloom, but also lowering dissolved microcystin concentrations. Our data show that the best procedure for biomass reduction also depends on the dominant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Miranda
- Post-Graduate Program in Ecology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil.
| | - Natália Noyma
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 - PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe S Pacheco
- Earth System Science Center (CCST), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Av. dos Astronautas, 1.758 - Jardim da Granja, 12227-010 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 - PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 - Bl 17, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Suzan Santos
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 - PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda A Soares
- Post-Graduate Program in Ecology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, R. José Lourenço Kelmer, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil
| | - Vera L Huszar
- Laboratory of Phycology, National Museum, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcelo M Marinho
- Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Phytoplankton, Department of Plant Biology, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 - PHLC Sala 511a, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Xu R, Zhang M, Mortimer RJG, Pan G. Enhanced Phosphorus Locking by Novel Lanthanum/Aluminum-Hydroxide Composite: Implications for Eutrophication Control. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3418-3425. [PMID: 28225266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanum (La) bearing materials have been widely used to remove phosphorus (P) in water treatment. However, it remains a challenge to enhance phosphate (PO4) adsorption capacity and La usage efficiency. In this study, La was coprecipitated with aluminum (Al) to obtain a La/Al-hydroxide composite (LAH) for P adsorption. The maximum PO4 adsorption capacities of LAH (5.3% La) were 76.3 and 45.3 mg P g-1 at pH 4.0 and 8.5, which were 8.5 and 5.3 times higher than those of commercially available La-modified bentonite (Phoslock, 5.6% La), respectively. P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis showed that PO4 was preferentially bonded with Al under weakly acid conditions (pH 4.0), while tended to associate with La under alkaline conditions (pH 8.5). La LIII-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis indicated that PO4 was bonded on La sites by forming inner sphere bidentate-binuclear complexes and oxygen defects exhibited on LAH surfaces, which could be active adsorption sites for PO4. The electrostatic interaction, ligand exchange, and oxygen defects on LAH surfaces jointly facilitated PO4 adsorption but with varied contribution under different pH conditions. The combined contribution of two-component of La and Al may be an important direction for the next generation of commercial products for eutrophication mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meiyi Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
| | - Robert J G Mortimer
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University , Brackenhurst Campus, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University , Brackenhurst Campus, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
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49
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Xu L, Huo M, Sun C, Cui X, Zhou D, Crittenden JC, Yang W. Bioresources inner-recycling between bioflocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa and its reutilization as a substrate for bioflocculant production. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43784. [PMID: 28252111 PMCID: PMC5333146 DOI: 10.1038/srep43784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioflocculation, being environmental-friendly and highly efficient, is considered to be a promising method to harvest microalgae. However, one limitation of this technology is high expense on substrates for bioflocculant bacteria cultivation. In this regard, we developed an innovative method for the inner-recycling of biomass that could harvest the typical microalgae, Microcystis aeruginosa, using a bioflocculant produced by Citrobacter sp. AzoR-1. In turn, the flocculated algal biomass could be reutilized as a substrate for Citrobacter sp. AzoR-1 cultivation and bioflocculant production. The experimental results showed that 3.4 ± 0.1 g of bioflocculant (hereafter called MBF-12) was produced by 10 g/L of wet biomass of M. aeruginosa (high-pressure steam sterilized) with an additional 10 g/L of glucose as an extra carbon source. The efficiency of MBF-12 for M. aeruginosa harvesting could reach ~95% under the optimized condition. Further analysis showed that MBF-12, dominated by ~270 kDa biopolymers, contributed the bioflocculation mechanisms of interparticle bridging and biosorption process. Bioflocculant synthesis by Citrobacter sp. AzoR-1 using microalga as a substrate, including the polyketide sugar unit, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and terpenoid backbone pathways. Our research provides the first evidence that harvested algae can be reutilized as a substrate to grow a bioflocculant using Citrobacter sp. AzoR-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Mingxin Huo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Caiyun Sun
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiaochun Cui
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - John C. Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Wu Yang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
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50
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Huang X, Shi W, Ni J, Li Z. Evaluation of laboratory-scale in situ capping sediments with purple parent rock to control the eutrophication. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7114-7123. [PMID: 28093671 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effectiveness of controlling the eutrophication using purple parent rock to cap the sediments was evaluated in the laboratory scale. Sediments were collected from Sanxikou reservoir (China) in July 2013. Then, three types of purple parent rock (T1f, J3p, and J2s) which are distributed widely in southwest China were used to cap the sediments. Limestone and calcite were used as the contrast group, because they had been reported as effective controls on eutrophication. Then, they were incubated at 20 °C for 46 days. The results indicated that the application of purple parent rock as a barrier material can effectively inhibit the release of nutrient elements in sediments, and the inhibition rates of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonium (NH4-N), and nitrate (NO3-N) were much better than that of limestone and calcite. Among the three types of purple parent rock, J3p exhibited the best inhibitory effect on the release of nitrogen in sediments, and the inhibition efficiency of TN, NH4-N, and NO3-N was 59.7, 77.6, and 45.1%, respectively. As for T1f, it exhibited the best inhibitory effect on the release of TP in sediments with the inhibition rate of 94.4%. Whereas all these capping materials showed weak inhibition on release of organic matter in sediments, and the inhibition efficiencies were less than 20%. Moreover, these treatments could also cause distinct changes in the microbial community in sediments and overlying water, and the contents of TN and TP in all capping materials increased. All results demonstrated that purple parent rock could inhibit the release of nutrient in sediments through mechanical interception, physical adsorption, and chemical absorption as well as changing the microbial activity in the covering layer, sediments, or overlying water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interface Process and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenhao Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interface Process and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiupai Ni
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interface Process and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Soil Multiscale Interface Process and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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