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Barakat NAM, Mahmoud MS, Moustafa HM. Comparing specific capacitance in rice husk-derived activated carbon through phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide activation order variations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1460. [PMID: 38233435 PMCID: PMC10794207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript investigates the influence of the chemical activation step order and process parameters on the specific capacitance of activated carbon derived from rice husk. The chemical activation was performed either before or after the carbonization step, using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as activating agents. For activation before carbonization, the carbonization process was conducted at various temperatures (600, 750, 850, and 1050 °C). On the other hand, for activation after carbonization, the effect of the volume of the chemical agent solution was studied, with 0, 6, 18, 21, 24, and 30 mL/g of phosphoric acid and 0, 18, 30, 45, 60, and 90 mL/g of 3.0 M KOH solution. The results revealed that in the case of chemical activation before carbonization, the optimum temperature for maximizing specific capacitance was determined to be 900 °C. Conversely, in the case of chemical activation after carbonization, the optimal volumes of the chemical agent solutions were found to be 30 mL/g for phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and 21 mL/g for potassium hydroxide (KOH). Moreover, it was observed that utilizing phosphoric acid treatment before the carbonization step leads to an 21% increase in specific capacitance, attributed to the retention of inorganic compounds, particularly silica (SiO2). Conversely, when rice husks were treated with KOH after the carbonization step, the specific capacitance was found to be doubled compared to treatment with KOH prior to the carbonization step due to embedding of SiO2 and KHCO3 inorganic constituents. This study provides valuable insights into the optimization of the chemical activation step order and process parameters for enhanced specific capacitance in rice husk-derived activated carbon. These findings contribute to the development of high-performance supercapacitors using rice husk as a sustainable and cost-effective precursor material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser A M Barakat
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, El-Minia, 61516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Mahmoud
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, El-Minia, 61516, Egypt
- Department of Engineering, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Suhar, 311, Oman
| | - Hager M Moustafa
- Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, El-Minia, 61516, Egypt
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Hoang AT, Kumar S, Lichtfouse E, Cheng CK, Varma RS, Senthilkumar N, Phong Nguyen PQ, Nguyen XP. Remediation of heavy metal polluted waters using activated carbon from lignocellulosic biomass: An update of recent trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134825. [PMID: 35526681 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of a cheap and effective adsorption approach based on biomass-activated carbon (AC) to remediate heavy metal contamination is clearly desirable for developing countries that are economically disadvantaged yet have abundant biomass. Therefore, this review provides an update of recent works utilizing biomass waste-AC to adsorb commonly-encountered adsorbates like Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, and As. Various biomass wastes were employed in synthesizing AC via two-steps processing; oxygen-free carbonization followed by activation. In recent works related to the activation step, the microwave technique is growing in popularity compared to the more conventional physical/chemical activation method because the microwave technique can ensure a more uniform energy distribution in the solid adsorbent, resulting in enhanced surface area. Nonetheless, chemical activation is still generally preferred for its ease of operation, lower cost, and shorter preparation time. Several mechanisms related to heavy metal adsorption on biomass wastes-AC were also discussed in detail, such as (i) - physical adsorption/deposition of metals, (ii) - ion-exchange between protonated oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, -COOH) and divalent metal cations (M2+), (iii) - electrostatic interaction between oppositely-charged ions, (iv) - surface complexation between functional groups (-OH, O2-, -CO-NH-, and -COOH) and heavy metal ions/complexes, and (v) - precipitation/co-precipitation technique. Additionally, key parameters affecting the adsorption performance were scrutinized. In general, this review offers a comprehensive insight into the production of AC from lignocellulosic biomass and its application in treating heavy metals-polluted water, showing that biomass-originated AC could bring great benefits to the environment, economy, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, 13100, France.
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Sustainable Technology Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West M.L.K. Drive, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, United States
| | - N Senthilkumar
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen
- PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Phuong Nguyen
- PATET Research Group, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Nascent Rice Husk as an Adsorbent for Removing Cationic Dyes from Textile Wastewater. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the applicability of rice husk (RH) to remove cationic dyes, i.e., methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV), from water. RH thermally treated at 75 °C showed a higher adsorption capacity than that at high temperatures (300–700 °C). For a suitable CV-adsorption model, a pseudo-first-order model for MB adsorption was followed by the kinetics adsorption process; however, a pseudo-second-order model was then suggested. In the qt versus t1/2 plot, the MB line passed through the origin, but that of CV did not. The Langmuir isotherm model was better than the Freundlich model for both dye adsorptions; furthermore, the adsorption capacity for MB and CV was 24.48 mg/g and 25.46 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamically, the adsorption of both MB and CV onto the RH was found to be spontaneous and endothermic. This adsorption increased insignificantly on increasing the solution pH from 4 to 10. With an increasing dosage of the RH, there was an increase in the removal percentages of MB and CV; however, adsorption capacity per unit mass of the RH was observed to decrease. Therefore, we conclude that utilizing RH as an available and affordable adsorbent is feasible to remove MB and CV from wastewater.
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4
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The Potentiality of Rice Husk-Derived Activated Carbon: From Synthesis to Application. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) has been extensively utilized as an adsorbent over the past few decades. AC has widespread applications, including the removal of different contaminants from water and wastewater, and it is also being used in capacitors, battery electrodes, catalytic supports, and gas storage materials because of its specific characteristics e.g., high surface area with electrical properties. The production of AC from naturally occurring precursors (e.g., coal, biomass, coconut shell, sugarcane bagasse, and so on) is highly interesting in terms of the material applications in chemistry; however, recently much focus has been placed on the use of agricultural wastes (e.g., rice husk) to produce AC. Rice husk (RH) is an abundant as well as cheap material which can be converted into AC for various applications. Various pollutants such as textile dyes, organic contaminants, inorganic anions, pesticides, and heavy metals can be effectively removed by RH-derived AC. In addition, RH-derived AC has been applied in supercapacitors, electrodes for Li-ion batteries, catalytic support, and energy storage, among other uses. Cost-effective synthesis of AC can be an alternative for AC production. Therefore, this review mainly covers different synthetic routes and applications of AC produced from RH precursors. Different environmental, catalytic, and energy applications have been pinpointed. Furthermore, AC regeneration, desorption, and relevant environmental concerns have also been covered. Future scopes for further research and development activities are also discussed. Overall, it was found that RH-derived AC has great potential for different applications which can be further explored at real scales, i.e., for industrial applications in the future.
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Menya E, Olupot PW, Storz H, Lubwama M, Kiros Y. Characterization and alkaline pretreatment of rice husk varieties in Uganda for potential utilization as precursors in the production of activated carbon and other value-added products. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 81:104-116. [PMID: 30527026 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 13 rice husk (RH) varieties from 4 agro-ecological zones in Uganda were characterized, NaOH-pretreated, and evaluated for their potential utilization as precursors for production of bio-oil, ash, char, and activated carbon for selected applications. RH varieties were characterized through particle size analysis, bulk density, proximate and ultimate analyses, specific surface area, pore volume, as well as lignocellulosic and inorganic compositions. Selected RH varieties were subsequently pretreated at NaOH concentrations of 1-4%w/v, using pretreatment ratios of 5 g RH: 40 mL NaOH. Properties varied among RH varieties, suiting them as feedstocks for different applications. Upland rice husk varieties are more suited precursors for production of bio-oil, and activated carbon due to their relatively lower ash content, higher specific surface area, as well as higher volatile matter and fixed carbon contents. Upland rice husks could as well be employed in the preparation of electrodes for electrochemical devices, due to their relatively higher specific surface area. A high ash content (21-32% dry basis) of lowland rice husks presents good prospects for their calcination, since larger amounts of rice husk ash could be obtained, and employed in different applications. Lowland rice husk varieties could also be more suited precursors for production of char for soil amendment, due to their relatively higher ash content, which subsequently increases their char yields. However, alkaline pretreatment of rice husks using 2-4%w/v NaOH can reduce the ash content by as much as 74-93%, depending on the rice husk variety, which paves way for utilizing rice husks with a high ash content in different applications. Aside from ash reduction, the enhanced specific surface area (1.2-1.7 m2 g-1), volatile matter (68-79%db) and fixed carbon (19-24%db) contents of NaOH-pretreated rice husks suggests they are more suited feedstocks than when employed in their raw form, for production of bio-oil, as well as activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Menya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Biosystems Engineering, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - P W Olupot
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - H Storz
- Thuenen Institute of Agricultural Technology, Bundesallee 47, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - M Lubwama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Y Kiros
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Yang D, Jing H, Wang Z, Li J, Hu M, Lv R, Zhang R, Chen D. Coupled ultrasonication-milling synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 528:208-224. [PMID: 29857252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) based supercapacitors exhibit intrinsic advantages in energy storage. Traditional two-step synthesis (carbonization and activation) of AC faces difficulties in precisely regulating its pore-size distribution and thoroughly removing residual impurities like silicon oxide. This paper reports a novel coupled ultrasonication-milling (CUM) process for the preparation of hierarchically porous carbon (HPC) using corn cobs as the carbon resource. The as-obtained HPC is of a large surface area (2288 m2 g-1) with a high mesopore ratio of ∼44.6%. When tested in a three-electrode system, the HPC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 465 F g-1 at 0.5 Ag-1, 2.7 times higher than that (170 F g-1) of the commercial AC (YP-50F). In the two-electrode test system, the HPC device exhibits a specific capacitance of 135 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, twice higher than that (68 F g-1) of YP-50F. The above excellent energy-storage properties are resulted from the CUM process which efficiently removes the impurities and modulates the mesopore/micropore structures of the AC samples derived from the agricultural resides of corn cobs. The CUM process is an efficient method to prepare high-performance biomass-derived AC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Huijuan Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhaowu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jiaheng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Mingxiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Laboratory of Aeronautical Composites, Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management, University Centre, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Deliang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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Iraola-Arregui I, Van Der Gryp P, Görgens JF. A review on the demineralisation of pre- and post-pyrolysis biomass and tyre wastes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 79:667-688. [PMID: 30343799 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis is an attractive technology to convert low-cost carbonaceous waste materials into fuels, energy and other value added products goods. During pyrolysis, the inorganic minerals present in the feedstock can cause problems to the equipment and give side reactions. Besides, the minerals present in the chars can hinder their possible applications. Therefore, it seems necessary to eliminate said contaminants in order to valorise the aforementioned goods. Demineralisation is a process widely used for purifying materials that are contaminated with inorganic matter. Although this technique is commonly used with waste materials that will undergo pyrolysis, or the products obtained from it, the studies analysing this practise are rather scattered. The aim of this paper was to compile and review the current literature concerning the demineralisation of carbonaceous waste (tyres and lignocellulosic biomass) materials. The chemistry involved, feedstock type and the effect of performing the purifying step before or after pyrolysis were addressed in this work. The review revealed that biomass samples should be demineralised before pyrolysis in order to affect not only the char but also the bio-oil quality. Depending on the form in which the minerals are linked to the structure, the solvent chosen will vary (from water to strong acids). However, water is the most popular option due to its price and easy disposal. In tyres, demineralisation should be performed after pyrolysis using strong acid and subsequently base. Due to the crosslinked chemical structure, rubber is highly resistant to chemicals thus the pre-treatment has to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Iraola-Arregui
- Process Engineering Department, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - P Van Der Gryp
- School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - J F Görgens
- Process Engineering Department, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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8
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Production and performance of activated carbon from rice husks for removal of natural organic matter from water: A review. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Yadav AK, Pandey KM, Dey A. Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite with Rice Husk as Reinforcement: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.06.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Chen G, Guo X, Cheng Z, Yan B, Dan Z, Ma W. Air gasification of biogas-derived digestate in a downdraft fixed bed gasifier. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 69:162-169. [PMID: 28844438 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Digestate is a byproduct from biomass anaerobic digestion process. Gasification of dried digestate to produce gasesous product might be a promising route. In this work, air gasification of digestate with high ash content was performed in a downdraft fixed bed gasifier at temperature varying from 600°C to 800°C and air equivalence ratio (ER) ranging from 0.25 to 0.30. The ash melting properties were firstly detected by the Intelligent Ash Melting Point Test, and the by-products (biochar and ash) were analyzed. The results showed that no ash slagging was observed and therefore it is feasible to operate digestate gasification under 800°C and ER ranging from 0.25 to 0.30. High temperature favored gas production, 800°C is proposed for digestate gasification in the present study. ER with a medium value improved gas quality and cold gas efficiency (CGE), and the optimal LHV of 4.78MJ/Nm3 and CGE of 67.01% were obtained with ER of 0.28. High ER favored the increase of gas yield and decrease of tar concentration, and the optimal gas yield of 2.15 Nm3/kg and tar concentration of 1.61g/Nm3 were achieved with ER of 0.30. Improved molar ratio of H2/CO varying from 1.03 to 1.08 was obtained at 800°C, indicating gaseous product has the potential for chemical synthesis processes (1<H2/CO<2). The byproducts biochar and ash could be applied on land as fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas/Oil Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zeng Dan
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, China
| | - Wenchao Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Lab of Biomass-based Oil and Gas (China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation), Tianjin 300072, China
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11
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Shapovalova I, Vurasko A, Petrov L, Kraus E, Leicht H, Heilig M, Stoyanov O. Hybrid composites based on technical cellulose from rice husk. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Shapovalova
- Ural State Forest Engineering University; Institute of Chemical Processing of Vegetable Raw Materials and Industrial Ecology; Yekaterinburg 620100 Russian Federation
| | - Alesya Vurasko
- Ural State Forest Engineering University; Institute of Chemical Processing of Vegetable Raw Materials and Industrial Ecology; Yekaterinburg 620100 Russian Federation
| | - Lev Petrov
- Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Organic Synthesis; Yekaterinburg 620990 Russian Federation
| | - Eduard Kraus
- SKZ-German Plastics Center; Research and Development, Adhesive Bonding and Surface Engineering; Wuerzburg 97076 Germany
| | - Heinrich Leicht
- SKZ-German Plastics Center; Research and Development, Adhesive Bonding and Surface Engineering; Wuerzburg 97076 Germany
| | - Michael Heilig
- SKZ-German Plastics Center; Research and Development, Adhesive Bonding and Surface Engineering; Wuerzburg 97076 Germany
| | - Oleg Stoyanov
- Kazan National Research Technological University; Faculty of Plastics and Composite Materials Technology, Processing and Certification; Kazan 420015 Russian Federation
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12
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Migahed MA, Abdul-Rahiem AM, Zaki EG. Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Carbon Steel Using Amine Surfactants Based on Cellulose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40735-017-0104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Zhang W, Liu D, Lin H, Lu H, Xu J, Liu D. On the cycling stability of the supercapacitive performance of activated carbon in KOH and H 2 SO 4 electrolytes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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15
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Tolba GM, Bastaweesy A, Ashour E, Abdelmoez W, Khalil KA, Barakat NA. Effective and highly recyclable ceramic membrane based on amorphous nanosilica for dye removal from the aqueous solutions. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Panwar V, Bansal A, Ray SS, Jain SL. Renewable waste rice husk grafted oxo-vanadium catalyst for oxidation of tertiary amines to N-oxides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13571d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Low cost renewable waste rice husks (RH) have been used as a support for grafting of an oxo-vanadium Schiff base via covalent attachment for the oxidation of tertiary amines to N-oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Panwar
- Chemical Sciences Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- Dehradun-248005
- India
| | - Ankushi Bansal
- Chemical Sciences Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- Dehradun-248005
- India
| | - Siddharth S. Ray
- Chemical Sciences Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- Dehradun-248005
- India
| | - Suman L. Jain
- Chemical Sciences Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum
- Dehradun-248005
- India
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17
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Vadivel V, Brindha P. Antioxidant property of solvent extract and acid/alkali hydrolysates from rice hulls. FOOD BIOSCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Effective and highly recyclable nanosilica produced from the rice husk for effective removal of organic dyes. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Alvarez J, Lopez G, Amutio M, Bilbao J, Olazar M. Physical Activation of Rice Husk Pyrolysis Char for the Production of High Surface Area Activated Carbons. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Alvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gartzen Lopez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maider Amutio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Bilbao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Martin Olazar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
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20
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Fernandes GP, Yadav GD. Atom-Economical Selective-Ring-Opening Reaction of Glycidol with 1-Naphthol Catalyzed by Magnesium Silicate of a Biogenic Silica Source. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Godfree P. Fernandes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
| | - Ganapati D. Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India
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21
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Liu D, Zhang W, Lin H, Li Y, Lu H, Wang Y. Hierarchical porous carbon based on the self-templating structure of rice husk for high-performance supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hierarchical porous carbon based on the self-templating structure of rice husk was prepared for high-performance supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechen Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Haibo Lin
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries of Ministry of Education
| | - Yang Li
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Haiyan Lu
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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Alvarez J, Lopez G, Amutio M, Bilbao J, Olazar M. Upgrading the rice husk char obtained by flash pyrolysis for the production of amorphous silica and high quality activated carbon. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 170:132-137. [PMID: 25127010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The overall valorization of rice husk char obtained by flash pyrolysis in a conical spouted bed reactor (CSBR) has been studied in a two-step process. Thus, silica has been recovered in a first step and the remaining carbon material has been subjected to steam activation. The char samples used in this study have been obtained by continuous flash pyrolysis in a conical spouted bed reactor at 500°C. Extraction with Na2CO3 allows recovering 88% of the silica contained in the rice husk char. Activation of the silica-free rice husk char has been carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 800°C using steam as activating agent. The porous structure of the activated carbons produced includes a combination of micropores and mesopores, with a BET surface area of up to 1365m(2)g(-1) at the end of 15min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Alvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gartzen Lopez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maider Amutio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Bilbao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Martin Olazar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, E48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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23
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Cope CO, Webster DS, Sabatini DA. Arsenate adsorption onto iron oxide amended rice husk char. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 488-489:554-61. [PMID: 24529452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, rice husks were charred at 550 °C in a partially sealed ceramic vessel for 30minutes to create a high specific surface area (SSA) rice husk char (RHC). The RHC was then amended with iron oxides using dissolved ferric nitrate, Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O, to provide a surface chemistry conducive to arsenic adsorption. The 550 °C iron oxide amended rice husk char's (550 IOA-RHC's) SSA was nearly 2.5 orders of magnitude higher and the arsenate adsorptive level was nearly 2 orders of magnitude higher than those reported for iron oxide amended sand, thus indicating a positive relationship between post-amendment SSA and arsenate adsorptive levels. Rice husks were then charred at temperatures ranging from 450 °C to 1050 °C to create an even higher SSA material, which might further increase arsenate adsorptive levels. The 950 °C RHC was chosen for amendment due to its high SSA and feasibility of being produced in the field. Once amended, the 950 °C iron oxide amended rice husk char (950 IOA-RHC) improved the arsenate adsorption capacity by thus confirming a positive relationship, though not a linear relationship, between post-amendment SSA and arsenic adsorptive capacity. Further study demonstrated that post-amendment mesoporous volume and mesoporous surface area appear to be better indicators of arsenic adsorptive capacity than SSA or iron content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher O Cope
- University of Oklahoma, School of Civil Engineering & Environmental Science, 202W Boyd St, Rm 334, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| | - Damon S Webster
- University of Oklahoma, School of Civil Engineering & Environmental Science, 202W Boyd St, Rm 334, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
| | - David A Sabatini
- University of Oklahoma, School of Civil Engineering & Environmental Science, 202W Boyd St, Rm 334, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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Han X, He Y, Zhao H, Wang D. Optimization of preparation conditions of activated carbon from the residue of desilicated rice husk using response surface methodology. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Kumagai S, Sato M, Tashima D. Electrical double-layer capacitance of micro- and mesoporous activated carbon prepared from rice husk and beet sugar. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Chen Y, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang L, Ding L, Gao X, Ma Y, Guo Y. Application studies of activated carbon derived from rice husks produced by chemical-thermal process--a review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 163:39-52. [PMID: 21353192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The production of functional activated carbon materials starting from cheap natural precursors using environmentally friendly processes is a highly attractive subject in material chemistry today. Recently, much attention has been focused on the use of plant biomass to produce functional carbonaceous materials, encompassing economic, environmental and social issues. Besides the classical route to produce activated carbons from fossil materials, rice husk shows clear advantages in that it can generate a variety of cheap and sustainable carbonaceous materials with attractive nanostructure and functional patterns for a wide range of applications. From a comprehensive literature review, it was found that porous carbon that derived from rice husks, in addition to having wide availability, has fast kinetics and appreciable adsorption capacities too. Porous carbon materials also play a significant role in new applications such as catalytic supports, battery electrodes, capacitors, and gas storage. In this review, an extensive list of rice husks literature has been compiled. Conclusions have been drawn from the literature reviewed, and suggestions for future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Liou TH, Wu SJ. Kinetics Study and Characteristics of Silica Nanoparticles Produced from Biomass-Based Material. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100050t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Horng Liou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taipei 24301, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Jung Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gungjuan Rd., Taipei 24301, Taiwan
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Chandra TC, Mirna MM, Sunarso J, Sudaryanto Y, Ismadji S. Activated carbon from durian shell: Preparation and characterization. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2008.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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