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Więcławik J, Chrobok A. Gallium(III)- and Indium(III)-Containing Ionic Liquids as Highly Active Catalysts in Organic Synthesis. Molecules 2023; 28:1955. [PMID: 36838943 PMCID: PMC9967191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical industry still requires development of environmentally friendly processes. Acid-catalysed chemical processes may cause environmental problems. Urgent need to replace conventional acids has forced the search for sustainable alternatives. Metal-containing ionic liquids have drawn considerable attention from scientists for many years. These compounds may exhibit very high Lewis acidity, which is usually dependent on the composition of the ionic liquid with the particular content of metal salt. Therefore, metal-containing ionic liquids have found a lot of applications and are successfully employed as catalysts, co-catalysts or reaction media in various fields of chemistry, especially in organic chemistry. Gallium(III)- and indium(III)-containing ionic liquids help to transfer the remarkable activity of metal salts into even more active and easier-to-handle forms of ionic liquids. This review highlights the wide range of possible applications and the high potential of metal-containing ionic liquids with special focus on Ga(III) and In(III), which may help to outline the framework for further development of the presented research topic and synthesis of new representatives of this group of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Chrobok
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Bolesława Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Neto BAD, Rocha RO, Rodrigues MO. Catalytic Approaches to Multicomponent Reactions: A Critical Review and Perspectives on the Roles of Catalysis. Molecules 2021; 27:132. [PMID: 35011363 PMCID: PMC8746711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we comprehensively describe catalyzed multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and the multiple roles of catalysis combined with key parameters to perform these transformations. Besides improving yields and shortening reaction times, catalysis is vital to achieving greener protocols and to furthering the MCR field of research. Considering that MCRs typically have two or more possible reaction pathways to explain the transformation, catalysis is essential for selecting a reaction route and avoiding byproduct formation. Key parameters, such as temperature, catalyst amounts and reagent quantities, were analyzed. Solvent effects, which are likely the most neglected topic in MCRs, as well as their combined roles with catalysis, are critically discussed. Stereocontrolled MCRs, rarely observed without the presence of a catalytic system, are also presented and discussed in this review. Perspectives on the use of catalytic systems for improved and greener MCRs are finally presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A. D. Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
| | - Rafael O. Rocha
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
| | - Marcelo O. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.O.R.); (M.O.R.)
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG72RD, UK
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3
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Sulfination of acetanilide using liquid coordination complexes as dual catalyst and solvent. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Azizi M, Nasr-Esfahani M, Mohammadpoor-Baltork I, Moghadam M, Mirkhani V, Tangestaninejad S, Kia R. Synthesis of Quinolines and Pyrido[3,2-g or 2,3-g]quinolines Catalyzed by Heterogeneous Propylphosphonium Tetrachloroindate Ionic Liquid. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14743-14750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Azizi
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | | | - Majid Moghadam
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Valiollah Mirkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Shahram Tangestaninejad
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Division, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Reza Kia
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-3516, Tehran, Iran
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Bis(p-sulfoanilino)triazine-functionalized silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles as an efficient and magnetically reusable nano-catalyst for Biginelli-type reaction. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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6
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Kore R, Berton P, Kelley SP, Aduri P, Katti SS, Rogers RD. Group IIIA Halometallate Ionic Liquids: Speciation and Applications in Catalysis. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Kore
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Paula Berton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Pavankumar Aduri
- Reliance Industries
Limited, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400701, India
| | - Sanjeev S. Katti
- Reliance Industries
Limited, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400701, India
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
- 525 Solutions,
Inc., 720 second Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401, United States
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Muškinja J, Janković N, Ratković Z, Bogdanović G, Bugarčić Z. Vanillic aldehydes for the one-pot synthesis of novel 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines. Mol Divers 2016; 20:591-604. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9658-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khiratkar AG, Muskawar PN, Bhagat PR. Polymer-supported benzimidazolium based ionic liquid: an efficient and reusable Brønsted acid catalyst for Biginelli reaction. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A polymer-supported benzimidazolium based ionic liquid (PSBIL) was synthesized by reaction of poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) and benzimidazole followed by ring opening of 1,4-butane sultone and acidification with sulphuric acid.
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Puripat M, Ramozzi R, Hatanaka M, Parasuk W, Parasuk V, Morokuma K. The Biginelli Reaction Is a Urea-Catalyzed Organocatalytic Multicomponent Reaction. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6959-67. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maneeporn Puripat
- Nanoscience
and Technology Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry (FIFC), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Romain Ramozzi
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry (FIFC), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry (FIFC), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Waraporn Parasuk
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Vudhichai Parasuk
- Nanoscience
and Technology Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry (FIFC), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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Alvim HGO, Lima TB, de Oliveira AL, de Oliveira HCB, Silva FM, Gozzo FC, Souza RY, da Silva WA, Neto BAD. Facts, Presumptions, and Myths on the Solvent-Free and Catalyst-Free Biginelli Reaction. What is Catalysis for? J Org Chem 2014; 79:3383-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haline G. O. Alvim
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Tatiani B. Lima
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Aline L. de Oliveira
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Heibbe C. B. de Oliveira
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Fabricio M. Silva
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Fabio C. Gozzo
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Roberto Y. Souza
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Wender A. da Silva
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
| | - Brenno A. D. Neto
- Laboratory
of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy
Ribeiro, P.O.Box 4478, Brasília, Distrito Federal CEP 70904-970, Brazil
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Alvim HGO, de Lima TB, de Oliveira HCB, Gozzo FC, de Macedo JL, Abdelnur PV, Silva WA, Neto BAD. Ionic Liquid Effect over the Biginelli Reaction under Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400291t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio C. Gozzo
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julio L. de Macedo
- Laboratory of Catalysis, Institute
of Chemistry, University of Brasília, P. O. Box 4478, CEP 70904970, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Patricia V. Abdelnur
- Embrapa Agroenergia, PqEB s/no Avenida W3 Norte (final), Edifício Embrapa Agroenergia,
CEP: 70770-901, P. O. Box 40315
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Ramos LM, Guido BC, Nobrega CC, Corrêa JR, Silva RG, de Oliveira HCB, Gomes AF, Gozzo FC, Neto BAD. The Biginelli reaction with an imidazolium-tagged recyclable iron catalyst: kinetics, mechanism, and antitumoral activity. Chemistry 2013; 19:4156-68. [PMID: 23460474 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of a new ion-tagged iron catalyst. The catalyst was employed in the Biginelli reaction with impressive performance. High yields have been achieved when the reaction was carried out in imidazolium-based ionic liquids (BMI⋅PF6, BMI⋅NTf2, and BMI⋅BF4), thus showing that the ionic-liquid effects play a role in the reaction. Moreover, the ion-tagged catalyst could be recovered and reused up to eight times without any noticeable loss in activity. Mechanistic studies performed by using high-resolution electrospray-ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass (HR-EI-QTOF) spectrometry and kinetic experiments indicate only one reaction pathway and rule out the other two possibilities under the development conditions. The theoretical calculations are in accordance with the proposed mechanism of action of the iron catalyst. Finally, the 37 dihydropyrimidinone derivatives, products of the Biginelli reaction, had their cytotoxicity evaluated in assays against MCF-7 cancer cell linages with encouraging results of some derivatives, which were virtually non-toxic against healthy cell linages (fibroblasts).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Ramos
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasilia (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O.Box 4478, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
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Ramos LM, Ponce de Leon y Tobio AY, dos Santos MR, de Oliveira HCB, Gomes AF, Gozzo FC, de Oliveira AL, Neto BAD. Mechanistic studies on Lewis acid catalyzed Biginelli reactions in ionic liquids: evidence for the reactive intermediates and the role of the reagents. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10184-93. [PMID: 23101501 DOI: 10.1021/jo301806n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of common Lewis acids supported in imidazolium-based ionic liquids as the catalysts to promote the Biginelli reaction. The ionic liquid effect and the reaction mechanism are discussed on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and theoretical calculations. Indeed, the results showed that the ionic medium plays a fundamental role in the synthesis of biologically active dihydropyrimidinones due to the stabilization of the charged intermediates proposed in the mechanism. When conducted in an ionic liquid as solvent, the reaction mechanism is more complex than in other Lewis acid catalyzed Biginelli reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Ramos
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904-970, P.O. Box 4478, Brasília DF, Brazil
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