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Kassem R, Cousin A, Clesse D, Poignavent V, Trolet A, Ritzenthaler C, Michon T, Chovin A, Demaille C. Nanobody-guided redox and enzymatic functionalization of icosahedral virus particles for enhanced bioelectrocatalysis. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108570. [PMID: 37769510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Icosahedral, 30 nm diameter, grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) virus particles are adsorbed onto electrodes and used as nanoscaffolds for the assembly of an integrated glucose oxidizing system, comprising the enzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone-glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) and ferrocenylated polyethylene glycol chains (Fc-PEG) as a redox co-substrate. Two different GFLV-specific nanobodies, either fused to the enzyme, or chemically conjugated to Fc-PEG, are used for the regio-selective immunodecoration of the viral particles. A comprehensive kinetic characterization of the enzymatic function of the particles, initially decorated with the enzyme alone shows that simple immobilization on the GFLV capsid has no effect on the kinetic scheme of the enzyme, nor on its catalytic activity. However, we find that co-immobilization of the enzyme and the Fc-PEG co-substrate on GFLV does induce enzymatic enhancement, by promoting cooperativity between the two subunits of the homodimeric enzyme, via "synchronization" of their redox state. A decrease in inhibition of the enzyme by its substrate (glucose) is also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racha Kassem
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Anne Cousin
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Clesse
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vianney Poignavent
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Adrien Trolet
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Ritzenthaler
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Thierry Michon
- Université de Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA UMR 1332, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, F-75013 Paris, France.
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2
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Paiva TO, Schneider A, Bataille L, Chovin A, Anne A, Michon T, Wege C, Demaille C. Enzymatic activity of individual bioelectrocatalytic viral nanoparticles: dependence of catalysis on the viral scaffold and its length. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:875-889. [PMID: 34985473 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07445h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic activity of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorod particles decorated with an integrated electro-catalytic system, comprising the quinoprotein glucose-dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) enzyme and ferrocenylated PEG chains as redox mediators, is probed at the individual virion scale by atomic force microscopy-scanning electrochemical atomic force microscopy (AFM-SECM). A marked dependence of the catalytic activity on the particle length is observed. This finding can be explained by electron propagation along the viral backbone, resulting from electron exchange between ferrocene moieties, coupled with enzymatic catalysis. Thus, the use of a simple 1D diffusion/reaction model allows the determination of the kinetic parameters of the virus-supported enzyme. Comparative analysis of the catalytic behavior of the Fc-PEG/PQQ-GDH system assembled on two differing viral scaffolds, TMV (this work) and bacteriophage-fd (previous work), reveals two distinct kinetic effects of scaffolding: An enhancement of catalysis that does not depend on the virus type and a modulation of substrate inhibition that depends on the virus type. AFM-SECM detection of the enzymatic activity of a few tens of PQQ-GDH molecules, decorating a 40 nm-long viral domain, is also demonstrated, a record in terms of the lowest number of enzyme molecules interrogated by an electrochemical imaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telmo O Paiva
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Angela Schneider
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Research Unit Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Laure Bataille
- Université de Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA UMR 1332, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Agnès Anne
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Thierry Michon
- Université de Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA UMR 1332, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Christina Wege
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, Research Unit Molecular and Synthetic Plant Virology, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75013 Paris, France.
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3
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Paiva TO, Torbensen K, Patel AN, Anne A, Chovin A, Demaille C, Bataille L, Michon T. Probing the Enzymatic Activity of Individual Biocatalytic fd-Viral Particles by Electrochemical-Atomic Force Microscopy. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Telmo O. Paiva
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Kristian Torbensen
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Anisha N. Patel
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Agnès Anne
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 7591, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Laure Bataille
- Université de Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA UMR 1332, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Thierry Michon
- Université de Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA UMR 1332, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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4
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Torbensen K, Patel AN, Anne A, Chovin A, Demaille C, Bataille L, Michon T, Grelet E. Immuno-Based Molecular Scaffolding of Glucose Dehydrogenase and Ferrocene Mediator on fd Viral Particles Yields Enhanced Bioelectrocatalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Torbensen
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université − UMR 7591 CNRS, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 Rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 CEDEX 13 Paris, France
| | - Anisha N. Patel
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université − UMR 7591 CNRS, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 Rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 CEDEX 13 Paris, France
| | - Agnès Anne
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université − UMR 7591 CNRS, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 Rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 CEDEX 13 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université − UMR 7591 CNRS, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 Rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 CEDEX 13 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université − UMR 7591 CNRS, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 Rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 CEDEX 13 Paris, France
| | - Laure Bataille
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, 71, Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, CS 20032-33882 CEDEX Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Thierry Michon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, 71, Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, CS 20032-33882 CEDEX Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Eric Grelet
- Centre de Recherche Paul-Pascal, UMR 5031 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
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5
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Silva SM, Hoque S, Gonçales VR, Gooding JJ. The Impact of the Position of the Redox Label on Charge Transfer and Hybridization Efficiency at DNA Interfaces. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saimon Moraes Silva
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; The University of New South Wales; Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Sharmin Hoque
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; The University of New South Wales; Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - Vinicius R. Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; The University of New South Wales; Sydney 2052 Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; The University of New South Wales; Sydney 2052 Australia
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6
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Silva SM, Tavallaie R, Gonçales VR, Utama RH, Kashi MB, Hibbert DB, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. Dual Signaling DNA Electrochemistry: An Approach To Understand DNA Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:1249-1255. [PMID: 29345941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical DNA biosensors composed of a redox marker modified nucleic acid probe tethered to a solid electrode is a common experimental construct for detecting DNA and RNA targets, proteins, inorganic ions, and even small molecules. This class of biosensors generally relies on the binding-induced conformational changes in the distance of the redox marker relative to the electrode surface such that the charge transfer is altered. The conventional design is to attach the redox species to the distal end of a surface-bound nucleic acid strand. Here we show the impact of the position of the redox marker, whether on the distal or proximal end of the DNA monolayer, on the DNA interface electrochemistry. Somewhat unexpectedly, greater currents were obtained when the redox molecules were located on the distal end of the surface-bound DNA monolayer, notionally furthest away from the electrode, compared with currents when the redox species were located on the proximal end, close to the electrode. Our results suggest that a limitation in ion accessibility is the reason why smaller currents were obtained for the redox markers located at the bottom of the DNA monolayer. This understanding shows that to allow the quantification of the amount of redox labeled target DNA strand that hybridizes to probe DNA immobilized on the electrode surface, the redox species must be on the distal end of the surface-bound duplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saimon Moraes Silva
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Robert H Utama
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Mehran B Kashi
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - D Brynn Hibbert
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
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7
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Huang KC, White RJ. Random Walk on a Leash: A Simple Single-Molecule Diffusion Model for Surface-Tethered Redox Molecules with Flexible Linkers. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12808-17. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4060788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chun Huang
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop
Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Ryan J. White
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop
Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
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8
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Gebala M, La Mantia F, Schuhmann W. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Hysteresis Imposed by Intercalation of Proflavine in Ferrocene-Modified Double-Stranded DNA. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2208-16. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Anne A, Chovin A, Demaille C, Lafouresse M. High-Resolution Mapping of Redox-Immunomarked Proteins Using Electrochemical–Atomic Force Microscopy in Molecule Touching Mode. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7924-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201907v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Anne
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Manon Lafouresse
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, UMR 7591 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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10
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Anne A, Cambril E, Chovin A, Demaille C, Goyer C. Electrochemical atomic force microscopy using a tip-attached redox mediator for topographic and functional imaging of nanosystems. ACS NANO 2009; 3:2927-2940. [PMID: 19769340 DOI: 10.1021/nn9009054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We describe the development of a new type of high-resolution atomic force electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM), labeled Tarm (for tip-attached redox mediator)/AFM-SECM, where the redox mediator, a ferrocene (Fc), is tethered to the AFM-SECM probe via nanometer long, flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains. It is demonstrated that the tip-attached ferrocene-labeled PEG chains effectively shuttle electrons between the tip and substrate, thus acting as molecular sensors probing the local electrochemical reactivity of a planar substrate. Moreover the Fc-PEGylated AFM-SECM probes can be used for tapping mode imaging, allowing simultaneous recording of electrochemical feedback current and of topography, with a vertical and a lateral resolution in the nanometer range. By imaging the naturally nanostructured surface of HOPG, we demonstrate that Tarm/AFM-SECM microscopy can be used to probe the reactivity of nanometer-sized active sites on surfaces. This new type of SECM microscopy, being, by design, free of the diffusional constraints of classical SECM, is expected to, in principle, enable functional imaging of redox nanosystems such as individual redox enzyme molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Anne
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moleculaire, Unite Mixte de Recherche Universite, CNRS No. 7591, Universite Paris Diderot, Paris 7, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baif, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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11
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Tagliazucchi M, Calvo EJ. Electrochemically Active Polyelectrolyte‐Modified Electrodes. CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODES 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527627059.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Ikeda R, Kobayashi S, Chiba J, Inouye M. Detection of mismatched duplexes by synchronizing the pulse potential frequency with the dynamics of ferrocene/isoquinoline conjugate-connected DNA probes immobilized onto electrodes. Chemistry 2009; 15:4822-8. [PMID: 19308983 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry was performed at various scan rates for the duplexes from ferrocene/isoquinoline conjugate-connected DNA probes on gold electrodes. The relationship between the observed currents and the scan rates disclosed the enhanced bending elasticity of the mismatched duplexes compared with the fully matched duplexes. The difference of the dynamics was easily detected through the currents from the conjugate by adjusting the pulse potential frequency in square-wave voltammetry. By using the present strategy, we succeeded in accurately detecting various naturally occurring single-nucleotide polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reona Ikeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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13
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Anne A, Demaille C, Goyer C. Electrochemical atomic-force microscopy using a tip-attached redox mediator. Proof-of-concept and perspectives for functional probing of nanosystems. ACS NANO 2009; 3:819-827. [PMID: 19281224 DOI: 10.1021/nn8007788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the first steps toward the development of a new type of high-resolution AFM-SECM microscopy which relies on the use of tip-attached redox-labeled polymer chains as mediators to probe the local electrochemical reactivity of a planar substrate at the nanoscale. Submicrometer-sized combined gold AFM-SECM probes were functionalized by linear, nanometer-sized, flexible, PEG3400 chains bearing a ferrocene (Fc) redox label at their free end. Analysis of the force and current approach curves recorded when such Fc-PEGylated probes (tips) were approached to a bare gold substrate allowed the presence of the Fc-PEG chains at the very tip end of the combined probes to be specifically demonstrated. It also allowed the chain coverage, configuration, and dynamics to be determined. When the Fc-PEGylated probe is positioned some approximately 5 nm above the substrate, only a few hundred chains are actually electrochemically contacting the surface, thus reducing the size of the tip-substrate interaction area to 20-40 nm. Most importantly, we have shown that the tip-borne PEG chains are flexible enough to allow their Fc heads to efficiently "sense" locally the electrochemical reactivity of the substrate, thus validating the working principle of the new AFM-SECM microscopy we propose. This innovative microscopy, we label Tarm (for tip-attached redox mediator)/AFM-SECM, should be particularly suitable for probing the activity of slowly functioning nanometer-sized active sites on surfaces, such as individual enzyme molecules, because it is, by design, free of the diffusional constraints which hamper the characterization of such nanosystems by classical SECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Anne
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moleculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université-CNRS No. 7591, Université Paris Diderot (Paris 7), 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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14
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Abbou J, Anne A, Demaille C. Accessing the Dynamics of End-Grafted Flexible Polymer Chains by Atomic Force-Electrochemical Microscopy. Theoretical Modeling of the Approach Curves by the Elastic Bounded Diffusion Model and Monte Carlo Simulations. Evidence for Compression-Induced Lateral Chain Escape. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:22664-75. [PMID: 17092014 DOI: 10.1021/jp064559i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of a molecular layer of linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains of molecular weight 3400, bearing at one end a ferrocene (Fc) label and thiol end-grafted at a low surface coverage onto a gold substrate, is probed using combined atomic force-electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM), at the scale of approximately 100 molecules. Force and current approach curves are simultaneously recorded as a force-sensing microelectrode (tip) is inserted within the approximately 10 nm thick, redox labeled, PEG chain layer. Whereas the force approach curve gives access to the structure of the compressed PEG layer, the tip-current, resulting from tip-to-substrate redox cycling of the Fc head of the chain, is controlled by chain dynamics. The elastic bounded diffusion model, which considers the motion of the Fc head as diffusion in a conformational field, complemented by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, from which the chain conformation can be derived for any degree of confinement, allows the theoretical tip-current approach curve to be calculated. The experimental current approach curve can then be very satisfyingly reproduced by theory, down to a tip-substrate separation of approximately 2 nm, using only one adjustable parameter characterizing the chain dynamics: the effective diffusion coefficient of the chain head. At closer tip-substrate separations, an unpredicted peak is observed in the experimental current approach curve, which is shown to find its origin in a compression-induced escape of the chain from within the narrowing tip-substrate gap. MC simulations provide quantitative support for lateral chain elongation as the escape mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Abbou
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université-CNRS No. 7591, Université de Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France
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15
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Anne A, Demaille C. Dynamics of electron transport by elastic bending of short DNA duplexes. Experimental study and quantitative modeling of the cyclic voltammetric behavior of 3'-ferrocenyl DNA end-grafted on gold. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:542-57. [PMID: 16402842 DOI: 10.1021/ja055112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of electron transport within a molecular monolayer of 3'-ferrocenylated-(dT)(20) strands, 5'-thiol end-grafted onto gold electrode surfaces via a short C2-alkyl linker, is analyzed using cyclic voltammetry as the excitation/measurement technique. It is shown that the single-stranded DNA layer behaves as a diffusionless system, due to the high flexibility of the ss-DNA chain. Upon hybridization by the fully complementary (dA)(20) target, the DNA-modified gold electrode displays a highly unusual voltammetric behavior, the faradaic signal even ultimately switching off at a high enough potential scan rate. This remarkable extinction phenomenon is qualitatively and quantitatively justified by the model of elastic bending diffusion developed in the present work which describes the motion of the DNA-borne ferrocene moiety as resulting from the elastic bending of the duplex DNA toward and away from the electrode surface. Its use allows us to demonstrate that the dynamics of electron transport within the hybridized DNA layer is solely controlled by the intrinsic bending elasticity of ds-DNA. Fast scan rate cyclic voltammetry of end-grafted, redox-labeled DNA layers is shown to be an extremely efficient method to probe the bending dynamics of short-DNA fragments in the submillisecond time range. The persistence length of the end-anchored ds-DNA, a parameter quantifying the flexibility of the nanometer-long duplex, can then be straightforwardly and accurately determined from the voltammetry data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Anne
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université - CNRS No. 7591, Université de Paris 7 - Denis Diderot, France.
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16
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Calvo EJ, Wolosiuk A. Wiring Enzymes in Nanostructures Built with Electrostatically Self-Assembled Thin Films. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:43-7. [PMID: 15688642 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200400312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The construction of electrostatically self-assembled intelligent nanostructures on electrodes with redox enzyme layers and redox polymer molecular wires defined in space allowed the analysis of redox charge transport from the redox enzyme to the electrode along nanometric distances. Recent results on the electrical connection of enzymes to electrodes and perspectives of generating electrical signals from molecular recognition in integrated enzyme electrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto J Calvo
- INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellon 2, Ciudad Universitaria 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Okochi M, Ohta H, Tanaka T, Matsunaga T. Electrochemical probe for on-chip type flow immunoassay: Immunoglobulin G labeled with ferrocenecarboaldehyde. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 90:14-9. [PMID: 15736166 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Labeling of ferrocenecarboaldehyde (Fc-CHO) to immunoglobulin G (IgG) via formation of Schiff-base and its reduction was investigated for construction of an electrochemical probe for miniaturized amperometric flow immunoassay. Approximately eight molecules of Fc-CHO were labeled to IgG and the reversible redox property of ferrocene was observed. Labeling efficiency improved by over three times as compared to the conventional method using ferrocenemonocarboxylic acid (Fc-COOH). Also, binding affinity of IgG labeled with Fc-CHO to its antigen, IgE, was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface plasmon resonance assay. IgG labeled with Fc-CHO that retained eight ferrocene moiety showed sufficient binding affinity to its antigen and the current response obtained in the flow electrochemical detection system increased by 14-fold as compared with IgG labeled with Fc-COOH when applying the potential of 390 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. The minimum detectable concentration of IgG labeled with Fc-CHO was 0.06 microM. IgG labeled with Fc-CHO demonstrate biochemical and electrochemical properties that are useful for electrochemical immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Okochi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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Calvo EJ, Danilowicz CB, Wolosiuk A. Supramolecular multilayer structures of wired redox enzyme electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:1800-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b500528k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave R van Staveren
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare Biotechnologie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Abbou J, Anne A, Demaille C. Probing the Structure and Dynamics of End-Grafted Flexible Polymer Chain Layers by Combined Atomic Force−Electrochemical Microscopy. Cyclic Voltammetry within Nanometer-Thick Macromolecular Poly(ethylene glycol) Layers. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:10095-108. [PMID: 15303886 DOI: 10.1021/ja0493502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The combined atomic force-electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM) technique was used in aqueous solution to determine both the static and dynamical properties of nanometer-thick monolayers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains end-grafted to a gold substrate surface. Approach of a microelectrode tip from a redox end-labeled PEG layer triggered a tip-to-substrate cycling motion of the chains' free ends as a result of the redox heads' oxidation at the tip and re-reduction at the substrate surface. As few as approximately 200 chains at a time could be addressed in such a way. Quantitative analysis of the data, in the light of a simple model of elastic bounded diffusion SECM positive feedback, gave access to the end-tethered polymer layer thickness and the end-to-end diffusion coefficient of the chains. The thickness of the grafted PEG layer was shown to increase with the chain surface coverage, while the end-to-end diffusion coefficient was found to be constant and close to the one predicted by Rouse dynamics. At close tip-substrate separation, slowing of the chains' motion, as a consequence of their vertical confinement within the tip-substrate gap, was observed and quantitatively modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Abbou
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche Université-CNRS No. 7591, Université de Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris 05, France
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Salmain M, Jaouen G. Side-chain selective and covalent labelling of proteins with transition organometallic complexes. Perspectives in biology. CR CHIM 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1631-0748(03)00023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chapter 7 Chemically modified electrodes with integrated biomolecules and molecular wires. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(03)80112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Catasús M, Bueno A, Moyano A, Maestro MA, Mahı́a J. β-Ferrocenyl-β-amino alcohols: a new class of central chiral ferrocene derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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