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Podgorski MN, Keto AB, Coleman T, Bruning JB, De Voss JJ, Krenske EH, Bell SG. The Oxidation of Oxygen and Sulfur-Containing Heterocycles by Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301371. [PMID: 37338048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of monooxygenase enzymes play important roles in the metabolism of molecules which contain heterocyclic, aromatic functional groups. Here we study how oxygen- and sulfur-containing heterocyclic groups interact with and are oxidized using the bacterial enzyme CYP199A4. This enzyme oxidized both 4-(thiophen-2-yl)benzoic acid and 4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzoic acid almost exclusively via sulfoxidation. The thiophene oxides produced were activated towards Diels-Alder dimerization after sulfoxidation, forming dimeric metabolites. Despite X-ray crystal structures demonstrating that the aromatic carbon atoms of the thiophene ring were located closer to the heme than the sulfur, sulfoxidation was still favoured with 4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzoic acid. These results highlight a preference of this cytochrome P450 enzyme for sulfoxidation over aromatic hydroxylation. Calculations predict a strong preference for homodimerization of the enantiomers of the thiophene oxides and the formation of a single major product, in broad agreement with the experimental data. 4-(Furan-2-yl)benzoic acid was oxidized to 4-(4'-hydroxybutanoyl)benzoic acid using a whole-cell system. This reaction proceeded via a γ-keto-α,β-unsaturated aldehyde species which could be trapped in vitro using semicarbazide to generate a pyridazine species. The combination of the enzyme structures, the biochemical data and theoretical calculations provides detailed insight into the formation of the metabolites formed from these heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Podgorski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Angus B Keto
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Tom Coleman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - John B Bruning
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - James J De Voss
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Krenske
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen G Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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2
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Javorskis T, Jurys A, Bagdžiūnas G, Orentas E. Synthesis of
C
‐ and
N
‐Substituted 1,5,2,6‐Dithiadiazocanes –Electrophilic‐Nucleophilic Thioamination (ENTA) Reagents. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Javorskis
- Department of Organic Chemistry Vilnius University Naugarduko 24 LT-03225 Vilnius Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Arminas Jurys
- Department of Organic Chemistry Vilnius University Naugarduko 24 LT-03225 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdžiūnas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Saulėtekio av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center Vilnius University Saulėtekio av. 7 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry Vilnius University Naugarduko 24 LT-03225 Vilnius Lithuania
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3
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Verlinden S, Woller T, De Proft F, Verniest G, Alonso M. Towards the Design of Optically Active Thiophene S-Oxides using Quantum Chemistry. Chemistry 2019; 25:2840-2851. [PMID: 30600854 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of axially chiral biaryls has risen steeply in the recent decades. This structural motif proved to be successful in catalytic asymmetric synthesis and the configuration of the biaryl axis is decisive for the biological activity. A new approach for the atroposelective synthesis of biaryls would be through a cycloaddition between an enantiopure phenyl-substituted thiophene S-oxide and an alkyne. Importantly, the chiral center of the thiophene S-oxide needs to be stable enough to avoid pyramidal inversion during the cycloaddition. Considering that the racemization of thiophene monoxides has been scarcely investigated so far, we perform a thorough quantum chemical study on the inversion barriers of a large number of chiral thiophene S-oxide derivatives. Our main goal is to identify substitution patterns leading to stable atropisomers at room temperature. Appealingly, the role of stereoelectronic effects and the position of the substituents as well as the importance of aromaticity on the pyramidal inversion barrier are elucidated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Verlinden
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry (ORGC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Woller
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guido Verniest
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry (ORGC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Highly regio- and Stereoselective Diels–Alder Cycloadditions of α-Alkoxyvinyl(ethoxy)carbene complexes with exo-heterocyclic dienes. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Levandowski BJ, Herath D, Gallup NM, Houk KN. Origin of π-Facial Stereoselectivity in Thiophene 1-Oxide Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2611-2616. [PMID: 29360357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a DFT computational study (M06-2X) of π-facial selectivity in the Diels-Alder reactions of thiophene 1-oxide. The preference for the syn cycloaddition arises because the ground state geometry of thiophene 1-oxide is predistorted into an envelope conformation that resembles the syn transition state geometry. The syn distortion occurs to minimize the effect of hyperconjugative antiaromaticity in the thiophene 1-oxide, arising from overlap of the σ*SO with the π-system. The syn selectivity follows through to the product structure that is stabilized by a π-σ*SO interaction, related to the 7-norbornenyl ion stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Levandowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dinushka Herath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nathan M Gallup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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6
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Otani T, Miyoshi M, Shibata T, Matsuo T, Hashizume D, Tamao K. Thermally Stable Monosubstituted Thiophene 1-Oxide and 1-Imides Stabilized by a Bulky Rind Group at Their 3-Position: Synthesis, Structure, and Inversion Barriers on the Sulfur Atom. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Otani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- Course of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Anan College, 265 Aoki Minobayashi, Anan, Tokushima 774-0017
| | - Mayu Miyoshi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
| | - Takanori Shibata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555
| | - Tsukasa Matsuo
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Kohei Tamao
- Functional Elemento-Organic Chemistry Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
- RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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7
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Timoshenko VM, Kaminska EI, Rozhenko AB, Vlasenko YG, Chernega AN, Shermolovich YG. Molecular and electronic structure of triethylammonium salt of N-[(1-acetyl-2-oxopropyl)(phenyl)-λ4- sulfanylidene]ethanesulfonamide. J Sulphur Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2012.747091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim M. Timoshenko
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Elena I. Kaminska
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Alexander B. Rozhenko
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
- b Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Bielefeld , Postfach 100131, 33501 , Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Yuriy G. Vlasenko
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Alexandr N. Chernega
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Yuriy G. Shermolovich
- a Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine , Murmans'ka 5, Kyiv , 02094 , Ukraine
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9
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Wang P, Min J, Nwachukwu JC, Cavett V, Carlson KE, Guo P, Zhu M, Zheng Y, Dong C, Katzenellenbogen JA, Nettles KW, Zhou HB. Identification and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of estrogen receptor ligands based on 7-thiabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-7-oxide. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2324-41. [PMID: 22283328 DOI: 10.1021/jm201556r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To develop estrogen receptor (ER) ligands having novel structures and activities, we have explored compounds in which the central hydrophobic core has a more three-dimensional topology than typically found in estrogen ligands and thus exploits the unfilled space in the ligand-binding pocket. Here, we build upon our previous investigations of 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene core ligands, by replacing the oxygen bridge with a sulfoxide. These new 7-thiabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-7-oxides were conveniently prepared by a Diels-Alder reaction of 3,4-diarylthiophenes with dienophiles in the presence of an oxidant and give cycloadducts with endo stereochemistry. Several new compounds demonstrated high binding affinities with excellent ERα selectivity, but unlike oxabicyclic compounds, which are transcriptional antagonists, most thiabicyclic compounds are potent, ERα-selective agonists. Modeling suggests that the gain in activity of the thiabicyclic compounds arises from their endo stereochemistry that stabilizes an active ER conformation. Further, the disposition of methyl substituents in the phenyl groups attached to the bicyclic core unit contributes to their binding affinity and subtype selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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10
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Nakayama J, Hiraiwa S, Fujihara T. Photolysis and photo-oxidation of 3,4-di-tert-butylthiophene 1-oxide. J Sulphur Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17415990802044185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juzo Nakayama
- a Department of Chemistry , School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Suguru Hiraiwa
- a Department of Chemistry , School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujihara
- a Department of Chemistry , School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
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11
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Nakayama J, Iguchi K, Fujihara T. Atropisomerism of the 1,3-cyclohexadiene Derivatives Induced by Steric Congestion. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10426501003773472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juzo Nakayama
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iguchi
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujihara
- b Molecular Analysis and Life Science Center , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzo Nakayama
- a Department of Chemistry , Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
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13
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Nakayama J, Furuya T, Suzuki Y, Hiraiwa S, Sugihara Y. π-Face-Selective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of 3,4-Di-tert-butylthiophene 1-Oxide with 1,3-Dipoles. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500902856297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juzo Nakayama
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Furuya
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuko Suzuki
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Suguru Hiraiwa
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugihara
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University , Saitama, Japan
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14
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Abstract
Diels-Alder reaction is one of the most fundamental and important reactions for organic synthesis. In this chapter we review the studies of the π-facial selectivity in the Diels-Alder reactions of the dienes having unsymmetrical π-plane. The theories proposed as the origin of the selectivity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan,
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15
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Sugihara Y, Takeda KI, Zhao J, Aoyama Y, Okuda H, Nakayama J. New Synthesis of 1,2-Thiazetidines ofanti- andsyn-9,9′-Bibenzonorbornenylidenes. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Sugihara Y, Aoyama Y, Okada H, Nakayama J. Synthesis of Isolable Thiirane 1-Imides and Their Stereospecific Ring-enlargement to 1,2-Thiazetidines. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Iguchi K, Sugihara Y, Nakayama J. Preparation of Sterically Congested Compounds: 6,7-Di-t-butyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2,3,6,7-Tetra-t-butylanthraquinone, and 2,3,6,7-Tetra-t-butylanthracene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.81.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Yoshida S, Morohashi Y, Fujihara T, Sugihara Y, Nakayama J. Rearrangement of the tert-butyl group of 5,6-di-tert-butyl-2,3,7-trithiabicylo-5-ene 7-endoxide. J Sulphur Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/17415990701753373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Yoshida
- a Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuta Morohashi
- a Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujihara
- a Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugihara
- a Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - Juzo Nakayama
- a Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan
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Margetić D, Murata Y, Komatsu K. X-ray structural analyses and DFT study of 7-thianorbornenes: 4-aza-4-phenyl-10-thiatricyclo[5.2.1.0.2,6]deca-8-ene-3,5-dione and 4-aza-l,4,7-trimethyl-10-thiatricyclo[5.2.1.0.2,6]deca-8-ene-3,5-dione. Struct Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-006-9119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Takayama J, Sugihara Y, Takayanagi T, Nakayama J. syn-π-Face- and endo-selective, inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reactions of 3,4-di-tert-butylthiophene 1-oxide with electron-rich dienophiles. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Takayama J, Sugihara Y, Nakayama J. SO2-Extrusion of an 8-thiabicylo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-diene 8,8-dioxide and rearrangement of the resulting cycloheptatriene. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Alcaide B, Almendros P. Chapter 4 Four-membered ring systems. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE 2003 LITERATURE PRECEDED BY TWO CHAPTERS ON CURRENT HETEROCYCLIC TOPICS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(05)80046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Nakayama J, Iida S, Sugihara Y, Ishii A. Pummerer reaction of 4,7-di-tert-butyl-3h,8h-1,2,5,6-dithiadiazocine 1-oxide; formation of 1,4-dithiins. J Sulphur Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/17415990410001658946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Takayama J, Sugihara Y, Ishii A, Nakayama J. Preparation of 1,4,5,8-tetra-tert-butyl-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene by twofold SO2 extrusion. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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