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Das J, Ghosh M, Ghosh B, Mandal P, Maji S, Das D. A single probe for solvent dependent optical recognition of iron(II/III) and arsenite: discrimination between iron redox states with single crystal X-ray structure evidence. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18039. [PMID: 37865670 PMCID: PMC10590385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection and discrimination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions have been investigated using a simple probe (L), produced by the condensation of ethylenediamine and 3-ethoxysalicyaldehyde. Single crystal X-ray structures demonstrate that L interacts with Fe2+ and Fe3+. In aqueous-DMSO media, the L recognises AsO2- by fluorescence and colorimetry techniques. The AsO2- aided PET inhibition and H-bond assisted chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) boost fluorescence by 91-fold. The L can detect 0.354 ppb Fe2+, 0.22 ppb Fe3+ and 0.235 ppt AsO2-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Milan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Biplab Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Prasenjit Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Sangita Maji
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
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2
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Algar JL, Phillips JE, Evans JD, Preston D. Stoichiometric Control of Guest Recognition of Self-Assembled Palladium(II)-Based Supramolecular Architectures. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300673. [PMID: 37643994 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
We report flexible [Pd(L)2 ]2+ complexes where there is self-recognition, driven by π-π interactions between electron-rich aromatic arms and the cationic regions they are tethered to. This self-recognition hampers the association of these molecules with aromatic molecular targets in solution. In one case, this complex can be reversibly converted to an 'open' [Pd2 (L)2 ]4+ macrocycle through introduction of more metal ion. This is accomplished by the ligand having two bidentate binding sites: a 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole site, and a bis-1,2,3-triazole site. Due to favourable hydrogen bonding, the 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole units reliably coordinate in the [Pd(L)2 ]2+ complex to control speciation: a second equivalent of Pd(II) is required to enforce coordination to bis-triazole sites and form the macrocycle. The macrocycle interacts with a molecular substrate with higher affinity. In this fashion we are able to use stoichiometry to reversibly switch between two different species and regulate guest binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess L Algar
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - James E Phillips
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Jack D Evans
- Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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3
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Algar JL, Findlay JA, Preston D. Roles of Metal Ions in Foldamers and Other Conformationally Flexible Supramolecular Systems. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:464-476. [PMID: 36855532 PMCID: PMC9955367 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conformational control is a key prerequisite for much molecular function. As chemists seek to create complex molecules that have applications beyond the academic laboratory, correct spatial positioning is critical. This is particularly true of flexible systems. Conformationally flexible molecules show potential because they resemble in many cases naturally occurring analogues such as the secondary structures found in proteins and peptides such as α-helices and β-sheets. One of the ways in which conformation can be controlled in these molecules is through interaction with or coordination to metal ions. This review explores how secondary structure (i.e., controlled local conformation) in foldamers and other conformationally flexible systems can be enforced or modified through coordination to metal ions. We hope to provide examples that illustrate the power of metal ions to influence this structure toward multiple different outcomes.
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4
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Betancourth JG, Castaño JA, Visbal R, Chaur MN. The versatility of the amino moiety of the hydrazone group in molecular and supramolecular systems. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renso Visbal
- Universidad del Valle Departamento de Química COLOMBIA
| | - Manuel N. Chaur
- Universidad del Valle Chemistry Calle 13 # 100-00Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad del Valle 76000 Cali COLOMBIA
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5
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Magnetic and electrochemical properties of corner-like and grid-like complexes resulting from the self-assembly of two structurally related bis(hydrazones) and iron (II). Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Wang J, Wicher B, Méndez-Ardoy A, Li X, Pecastaings G, Buffeteau T, Bassani DM, Maurizot V, Huc I. Loading Linear Arrays of Cu II Inside Aromatic Amide Helices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18461-18466. [PMID: 34014599 PMCID: PMC8456862 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The very stable helices of 8-amino-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid oligoamides are shown to uptake CuII ions in their cavity through deprotonation of their amide functions with minimal alteration of their shape, unlike most metallo-organic structures which generally differ from their organic precursors. The outcome is the formation of intramolecular linear arrays of a defined number of CuII centers (up to sixteen in this study) at a 3 Å distance, forming a molecular mimic of a metal wire completely surrounded by an organic sheath. The helices pack in the solid state so that the arrays of CuII extend intermolecularly. Conductive-AFM and cyclic voltammetry suggest that electrons are transported throughout the metal-loaded helices in contrast with hole transport observed for analogous foldamers devoid of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- CBMN (UMR 5248), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alejandro Méndez-Ardoy
- ISM (UMR 5255), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Xuesong Li
- CBMN (UMR 5248), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Gilles Pecastaings
- LCPO (UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP, CNRS, 16, Av. Pey-Berland, 33600, Pessac, France
- CRPP (UMR 5031), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 115 Avenue du Dr Albert Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Thierry Buffeteau
- ISM (UMR 5255), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Dario M Bassani
- ISM (UMR 5255), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Victor Maurizot
- CBMN (UMR 5248), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Ivan Huc
- CBMN (UMR 5248), Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33600, Pessac, France
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence e-conversion, 85748, Garching, Germany
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7
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Wang J, Wicher B, Méndez‐Ardoy A, Li X, Pecastaings G, Buffeteau T, Bassani DM, Maurizot V, Huc I. Loading Linear Arrays of Cu
II
Inside Aromatic Amide Helices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- CBMN (UMR 5248) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP 2 rue Robert Escarpit 33600 Pessac France
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs Poznan University of Medical Sciences Grunwaldzka 6 60-780 Poznan Poland
| | | | - Xuesong Li
- CBMN (UMR 5248) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP 2 rue Robert Escarpit 33600 Pessac France
| | - Gilles Pecastaings
- LCPO (UMR 5629) Bordeaux INP CNRS 16, Av. Pey-Berland 33600 Pessac France
- CRPP (UMR 5031) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS 115 Avenue du Dr Albert Schweitzer 33600 Pessac France
| | - Thierry Buffeteau
- ISM (UMR 5255) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS 351, Cours de la Libération 33405 Talence France
| | - Dario M. Bassani
- ISM (UMR 5255) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS 351, Cours de la Libération 33405 Talence France
| | - Victor Maurizot
- CBMN (UMR 5248) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP 2 rue Robert Escarpit 33600 Pessac France
| | - Ivan Huc
- CBMN (UMR 5248) Univ. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP 2 rue Robert Escarpit 33600 Pessac France
- Department of Pharmacy Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandstraße 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Cluster of Excellence e-conversion 85748 Garching Germany
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8
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Preston D. Discrete Self-Assembled Metallo-Foldamers with Heteroleptic Sequence Specificity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20027-20035. [PMID: 34263526 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Discrete and structurally diverse foldamer sequences are constructed in both natural and abiotic systems primarily using inert connectivity with irreversible organic covalent bonds, serving to preserve the identity of the sequence. The formation of sequences under thermodynamic control using labile coordination bonds would be attractive for synthetic ease and modular capability, but this presents issues regarding sequence preservation. Here is presented an approach integrating palladium(II) metal ions into the sequence itself, with fidelity maintained through use of complementary pairings of ligand arrangements at the metal centre. This is accomplished using sites of different denticity and/or hydrogen bonding capability. In this fashion, discrete and ordered metallo-sequences are formed as thermodynamic products in a single step, and these then fold into defined conformations due to π-π interactions between electron-rich and -poor aromatic regions of the combined componentry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
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9
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Preston D. Discrete Self‐Assembled Metallo‐Foldamers with Heteroleptic Sequence Specificity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ACT 2600 Australia
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10
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Cho HJ, Kim T, Kim H, Song C. Solid-State Emissive Metallo-Supramolecular Assemblies of Quinoline-Based Acyl Hydrazone. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E600. [PMID: 31973170 PMCID: PMC7037554 DOI: 10.3390/s20030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Development of fluorescence-based sensory materials for metal elements is currently in the mainstream of research due to the simplicity and usability of fluorescence as a method of detection. Herein, we report a novel "bis"-quinoline-based acyl hydrazone-named bQH that could be synthesized by a facile, low-cost method through simple condensation of hydrazide with an aldehyde. This acyl hydrazone showed emissive properties through Zn selective binding, especially in its solid-state, as shown by experiments such as UV-Vis, photoluminescence (PL), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and inductively-coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopies (ICP-OES), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping. The binding modes in which bQH coordinates to Zn2+ was proved to consist of two modes, 1:1 and 1:2 (bQH:Zn2+), where the binding mode was controlled by the Zn2+ ion content. Under the 1:1 binding mode, bQH-Zn2+ complexes formed a polymeric array through the metallo-supramolecular assembly. The resulting bQH-Zn2+ complex maintained its fluorescence in solid-state and exhibited excellent fluorescence intensity as compared to the previously reported quinoline-based acyl hydrazone derivative (mQH).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changsik Song
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (H.J.C.); (T.K.); (H.K.)
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11
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Haiduc I. Review. Inverse coordination. Organic nitrogen heterocycles as coordination centers. A survey of molecular topologies and systematization. Part 2. Six-membered rings. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1670349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Haiduc
- Facultatea de Chimie, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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12
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Goswami A, Saha S, Biswas PK, Schmittel M. (Nano)mechanical Motion Triggered by Metal Coordination: from Functional Devices to Networked Multicomponent Catalytic Machinery. Chem Rev 2019; 120:125-199. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Goswami
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Pronay Kumar Biswas
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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13
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Lobo MJ, Moratti SC, Hanton LR. A Design Strategy for Single‐Stranded Helicates using Pyridine‐Hydrazone Ligands and Pb
II. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1184-1193. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen J. Lobo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Stephen C. Moratti
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Lyall R. Hanton
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand
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14
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15
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Shen J, Ren C, Zeng H. Surprisingly High Selectivity and High Affinity in Mercury Recognition by H-Bonded Cavity-Containing Aromatic Foldarands. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5387-5396. [PMID: 28151660 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the absence of macrocyclic ring constraints, few synthetic systems, possessing a mostly solvent-independent well-folded conformation that is predisposed for highly selective and high affinity recognition of metal ions, have been demonstrated. We report here such a unique class of conformationally robust modularly tunable folding molecules termed foldarands that can recognize Hg2+ ions surprisingly well over 22 other metal ions. Despite the lack of sulfur atoms and having only oxygen-donor atoms in its structure, the best foldarand molecule, i.e., tetramer 4, exhibits a selectivity factor of at least 19 in differentiating the most tightly bound Hg2+ ion from all other metal ions, and a binding capacity that is ≥18 times that of thio-crown ethers. These two noteworthy binding characters make possible low level removal of Hg2+ ions. With a [4]:[Hg2+] molar ratio of 5:1 and a single biphasic solvent extraction, the concentration of Hg2+ ions could be reduced drastically by 98% (from 200 to 4 ppb) in pure water. 4 could also effect a highly efficient reduction in mercury content by 98% (from 500 to 10 ppb) in artificial groundwater via multiple successive extractions with an overall consumption of 4 being 9:1 in terms of [4]:[Hg2+] molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Changliang Ren
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
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16
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Li W, Zhang C, Qi S, Deng X, Wang W, Yang B, Liu J, Dong Z. A folding-directed catalytic microenvironment in helical dynamic covalent polymers formed by spontaneous configuration control. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Helical dynamic covalent polymers with a folding-directed hollow tubular structure were investigated for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Shuaiwei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
| | - Zeyuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P.R. China
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17
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Barboiu M, Stadler AM, Lehn JM. Kontrollierte Faltungs-, Bewegungs- und konstitutionelle Dynamik in polyheterocyclischen molekularen Strängen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes; CNRS UMR 5635; Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047 34095 Montpellier Frankreich
| | - Adrian-Mihail Stadler
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (UMR 7006); Université de Strasbourg; 8 Allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg Frankreich
- Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT); Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie (KIT); 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (UMR 7006); Université de Strasbourg; 8 Allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg Frankreich
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18
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Barboiu M, Stadler AM, Lehn JM. Controlled Folding, Motional, and Constitutional Dynamic Processes of Polyheterocyclic Molecular Strands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4130-54. [PMID: 26894262 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
General design principles have been developed for the control of the structural features of polyheterocyclic strands and their effector-modulated shape changes. Induced defined molecular motions permit designed enforcement of helical as well as linear molecular shapes. The ability of such molecular strands to bind metal cations allows the generation of coiling/uncoiling processes between helically folded and extended linear states. Large molecular motions are produced on coordination of metal ions, which may be made reversible by competition with an ancillary complexing agent and fueled by sequential acid/base neutralization energy. The introduction of hydrazone units into the strands confers upon them constitutional dynamics, whereby interconversion between different strand compositions is achieved through component exchange. These features have relevance for nanomechanical devices. We present a morphological and functional analysis of such systems developed in our laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, CNRS UMR 5635, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 047, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrian-Mihail Stadler
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (UMR 7006), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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19
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Scottwell SØ, Crowley JD. Ferrocene-containing non-interlocked molecular machines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2451-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09569g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene is chemically robust and readily functionalized which enables its facile incorporation into more complex molecular systems. This coupled with ferrocene's reversible redox properties and ability to function as a “molecular ball bearing” has led to the use of ferrocene as a component in wide range of non-interlocked synthetic molecular machine systems.
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20
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Knipe PC, Thompson S, Hamilton AD. Acid-mediated topological control in a functionalized foldamer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6521-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01496h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protonation mediates the transition between linear and helical foldamer topologies giving rise to a dynamic, functionalized molecular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C. Knipe
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Sam Thompson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Andrew D. Hamilton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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21
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Rai A, Singh AK, Sonkar AK, Prakash A, Roy JK, Nagarajan R, Mishra L. A smart switchable module for the detection of multiple ions via turn-on dual-optical readout and their cell imaging studies. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8272-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01090c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A rhodamine based switchable module, RHTH, displays multi-stimuli responses and logic gate based detection of Fe3+, Hg2+, CN− and S2− ions at ppm levels together with the imaging of these cations in HeLa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Rai
- Department of Chemistry
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | | | | | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Zoology
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
| | | | | | - Lallan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi
- India
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22
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Stadler AM, Karmazin L, Bailly C. Eine Ca2+-, Mg2+- und Zn2+-basierte dendritische kontraktile Nanovorrichtung mit zwei pH-abhängigen Bewegungsfunktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Stadler A, Karmazin L, Bailly C. A Ca
2+
‐, Mg
2+
‐, and Zn
2+
‐Based Dendritic Contractile Nanodevice with Two pH‐Dependent Motional Functions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14570-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian‐Mihail Stadler
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (UMR 7006), CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
- Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruhe Institut für Technologie (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen (Germany)
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Université de Strasbourg, 1, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Université de Strasbourg, 1, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie T. McTernan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alina
L. Nussbaumer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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25
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Sun N, Xiao X, Li W, Jiang J. Multistimuli Sensitive Behavior of Novel Bodipy-Involved Pillar[5]arene-Based Fluorescent [2]Rotaxane and Its Supramolecular Gel. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2015; 2:1500082. [PMID: 27980971 PMCID: PMC5115378 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent [2]rotaxane BC12P5 is successfully constructed with 1,4-diethoxypillar[5]arene as wheel over a long alkyl axle with Bodipy chromophore as one stopper for the first time. NMR spectra clearly reveal its molecular shuttle nature triggered by multiple external stimuli including solvent polarity and temperature. In particular, the fluorescence nature introduced into [2]rotaxane BC12P5 renders it a good sensor for the external stimuli. Nevertheless, the supramolecular gel successfully fabricated from this novel rotaxane system via self-assembly in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) also shows reversible gel-sol phase transition upon multiple external stimuli such as heating/cooling, shaking/resting, or the addition of different anions. Interestingly, exposure of the supramolecular gel film to HCl or ammonia vapor induces the change in the film fluorescence intensity, endowing this system with a potential application in gas detecting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China; Department of Chemistry Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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26
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Ratjen L, Vantomme G, Lehn JM. Strain-Induced Reactivity in the Dynamic Covalent Chemistry of Macrocyclic Imines. Chemistry 2015; 21:10070-81. [PMID: 26061683 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The displacement of molecular structures from their thermodynamically most stable state by imposition of various types of electronic and conformational constraints generates highly strained entities that tend to release the accumulated strain energy by undergoing either structural changes or chemical reactions. The latter case amounts to strain-induced reactivity (SIR) that may enforce specific chemical transformations. A particular case concerns dynamic covalent chemistry which may present SIR, whereby reversible reactions are activated by coupling to a high-energy state. We herewith describe such a dynamic covalent chemical (DCC) system involving the reversible imine formation reaction. It is based on the formation of strained macrocyclic bis-imine metal complexes in which the macrocyclic ligand is in a high energy form enforced by the coordination of the metal cation. Subsequent demetallation generates a highly strained free macrocycle that releases its accumulated strain energy by hydrolysis and reassembly into a resting state. Specifically, the metal-templated condensation of a dialdehyde with a linear diamine leads to a bis-imine [1+1]-macrocyclic complex in which the macrocyclic ligand is in a coordination-enforced strained conformation. Removal of the metal cation by a competing ligand yields a highly reactive [1+1]-macrocycle, which then undergoes hydrolysis to transient non-cyclic aminoaldehyde species, which then recondense to a strain-free [2+2]-macrocyclic resting state. The process can be monitored by (1) H NMR spectroscopy. Energy differences between different conformational states have been evaluated by Hartree-Fock (HF) computations. One may note that the stabilisation of high-energy molecular forms by metal ion coordination followed by removal of the latter, offers a general procedure for producing out-of-equilibrium molecular states, the fate of which may then be examined, in particular when coupled to dynamic covalent chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ratjen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg (France).,Fundación Fraunhofer Chile Research, Mariano Sánchez Fontecilla 310, Piso 14, Las Condes, Santiago, (Chile).,Facultad de Biología, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 239, Santiago (Chile)
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, ISIS, Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg (France).
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27
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Martinez-Cuezva A, Pastor A, Cioncoloni G, Orenes RA, Alajarin M, Symes MD, Berna J. Versatile control of the submolecular motion of di(acylamino)pyridine-based [2]rotaxanes. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3087-3094. [PMID: 28706682 PMCID: PMC5490047 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00790a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cyclic network of chemical reactions has been conceived for exchanging the dynamic behaviour of di(acylamino)pyridine-based rotaxanes and surrogates. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the intercomponent interactions in these interlocked compounds and were consistent with those found in solution by dynamic NMR experiments. This particular binding site was incorporated into a molecular shuttle enabled for accessing two states with an outstanding positional discrimination through chemical manipulation. Furthermore, the ability of the di(acylamino)pyridine domain to associate with external binders with a complementary array of HB donor and acceptor sites was exploited for the advance of an unprecedented electrochemical switch operating through a reversible anion radical recognition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" , Universidad de Murcia , E-30100 , Murcia , Spain .
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" , Universidad de Murcia , E-30100 , Murcia , Spain .
| | - Giacomo Cioncoloni
- WestCHEM , School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , UK
| | | | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" , Universidad de Murcia , E-30100 , Murcia , Spain .
| | - Mark D Symes
- WestCHEM , School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , UK
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" , Universidad de Murcia , E-30100 , Murcia , Spain .
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28
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McConnell AJ, Wood CS, Neelakandan PP, Nitschke JR. Stimuli-Responsive Metal–Ligand Assemblies. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7729-93. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 759] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher S. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Prakash P. Neelakandan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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29
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Lehn JM. Perspectives in chemistry--aspects of adaptive chemistry and materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:3276-89. [PMID: 25582911 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemistry, pure and applied, is a science and an industry. By its power over the expressions of matter, it also displays the creativity of art. It has expanded from molecular to supramolecular chemistry and then, by way of constitutional dynamic chemistry, towards adaptive chemistry. Constitutional dynamics allow for adaptation, through component exchange and selection in response to physical stimuli (e.g. light, photoselection), to chemical effectors (e.g. metal ions, metalloselection) or to environmental effects (e.g. phase change) in equilibrium or out-of-equilibrium conditions, towards the generation of the best-adapted/fittest constituent(s) in a dynamic set. Such dynamic systems can be represented by two-dimensional or three-dimensional dynamic networks that define the agonistic and antagonistic relationships between the different constituents linked through component exchange. The introduction of constitutional dynamics into materials science opens perspectives towards adaptive materials and technologies, presenting attractive behavioral features (such as self-healing). In particular, dynamic polymers may undergo modification of their properties (mechanical, optical, etc.) through component exchange and recombination in response to physical or chemical agents. Constitutional adaptive materials open towards a systems materials science and offer numerous opportunities for soft-matter technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Lehn
- ISIS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, 8, allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg (France).
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30
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Lehn JM. Perspektiven der Chemie - Aspekte adaptiver Chemie und adaptiver Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Wang Y, Frasconi M, Liu WG, Liu Z, Sarjeant AA, Nassar MS, Botros YY, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Folding of Oligoviologens Induced by Radical–Radical Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:876-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Majed S. Nassar
- Joint
Center of Excellence in Integrated Nano-Systems (JCIN), King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssry Y. Botros
- Joint
Center of Excellence in Integrated Nano-Systems (JCIN), King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
- University
Research Office, Intel Corporation, Building RNB-6-61, 2200 Mission
College Boulevard, Santa Clara, California 95054, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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32
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Madhu V, Sabbani S, Kishore R, Naik IK, Das SK. Mechanical motion in the solid state and molecular recognition: reversible cis–trans transformation of an organic receptor in a solid–liquid crystalline state reaction triggered by anion exchange. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00449g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Guchhait T, Barua B, Biswas A, Basak B, Mani G. Synthesis and structural characterization of silver(i), copper(i) coordination polymers and a helicate palladium(ii) complex of dipyrrolylmethane-based dipyrazole ligands: the effect of meso substituents on structural formation. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:9091-102. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00430f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A striking difference in the structures of silver complexes was observed because of the different substituents at the meso carbon atom of the dipyrrolylmethane-based ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302
- India
| | - Bhagyasree Barua
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302
- India
| | - Aritra Biswas
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302
- India
| | - Biswanath Basak
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302
- India
| | - Ganesan Mani
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur 721 302
- India
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34
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35
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Li H, Li X, Cao ZQ, Qu DH, Ågren H, Tian H. A switchable bis-branched [1]rotaxane featuring dual-mode molecular motions and tunable molecular aggregation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:18921-18929. [PMID: 25302680 DOI: 10.1021/am506283g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional bis-branched [1]rotaxane containing a perylene bisimide (PBI) core and two identical bistable[1]rotaxane arms terminated with ferrocene units was prepared and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and 2D ROESY NMR spectroscopies and by HR-ESI spectrometry. The system is shown to possess several key features: (1) In acetone solution, external acid-base stimuli can result in relative mechanical movements of its ring and thread, which can induce extension and contraction movements of the whole system accompanied by a rotational movement of the ferrocene units, thus realizing dual-mode molecular motions, and the optimized conformations at different states are obtained through molecular dynamics simulations employing the general Amber force field. (2) The introduction of PBI enables the system fluorescence encoding through distance-dependent photoinduced electron transfer process from the ferrocene units to the PBI fluorophore. (3) The addition of Zn(2+) can increase the degree of aggregation of the system, while adding base hinders aggregation because of the movement of the macrocycle. The tunable aggregated nanostructural morphologies of [1]rotaxane were examined by scanning electron microscopy. These results can pave the way to achieve precise control of integrated and coupling nanomechanical motions at a single-molecule level and provide more insight into controlling the aggregate behavior of switchable mechanically interlocked molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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36
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Aminomethylenehelicene Oligomers Possessing Flexible Two-Atom Linker Form a Stimuli-Responsive Double-Helix in Solution. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201402065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Liu J, Sun C, Ma W, Lu YJ, Yu L, Zhang K, Zeng H. A conformationally switchable fluorescent oligophenol foldamer for selective sensing of copper(ii) ions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A stimuli-responsive hexameric oligophenol host undergoes amine-induced co-operative folding and fluorescence quenching, enabling easy classification of the bound metal ion guests as well as selective sensing of Cu2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guang Dong University of Technology
- Guang Dong, China
| | - Chang Sun
- College of Textiles and Clothing
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi, China
| | - Wenliang Ma
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guang Dong University of Technology
- Guang Dong, China
| | - Yu-Jing Lu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guang Dong University of Technology
- Guang Dong, China
| | - Lin Yu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guang Dong University of Technology
- Guang Dong, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guang Dong University of Technology
- Guang Dong, China
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- , Singapore
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