1
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Roemelt C, Peredkov S, Neese F, Roemelt M, DeBeer S. Valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy of transition metal tetrahalides: mechanisms governing intensities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19960-19975. [PMID: 38994715 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00967c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Valence-to-core (VtC) X-ray emission spectroscopy offers the opportunity to probe the valence electronic structure of a system filtered by selection rules. From this, the nature of its ligands can be inferred. While a preceding 1s ionization creates a core hole, in VtC XES this core hole is filled with electrons from mainly ligand based orbitals. In this work, we investigated the trends in the observed VtC intensities for a series of transition metal halides, which spans the first row transition metals from manganese to copper. Further, with the aid of computational studies, we corroborated these trends and identified the mechanisms and factors that dictate the observed intensity trends. Small amounts of metal p contribution to the ligand orbitals are known to give rise to intensity of a VtC transition. By employing an LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbitals) approach, we were able to assess the amount of metal p contribution to the ligand molecular orbitals, as well as the role of the transition dipole moment and correlate these factors to the experimentally observed intensities. Finally, by employing an ano (atomic natural orbital) basis set within the calculations, the nature of the metal p contribution (3p vs. 4p) was qualitatively assessed and their trends discussed within the same transition metal halide series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Roemelt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Sergey Peredkov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Michael Roemelt
- Humboldt University Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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2
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Geoghegan BL, Bilyj JK, Bernhardt PV, DeBeer S, Cutsail GE. X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy of N 2S 2 Cu(II)/(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7828-7838. [PMID: 38624161 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of ligand charge on transition energies in a series of CuN2S2 complexes based on dithiocarbazate Schiff base ligands using Cu K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and Kβ valence-to-core (VtC) X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). By comparing the formally Cu(II) complexes [CuII(HL1)] (HL12- = dimethyl pentane-2,4-diylidenebis[carbonodithiohydrazonate]) and [CuII(HL2)] (HL22- = dibenzyl pentane-2,4-diylidenebis[carbonodithiohydrazonate]) and the formally Cu(III) complex [CuIII(L2)], distinct changes in transition energies are observed, primarily attributed to the metal oxidation state. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate how an increased negative charge on the deprotonated L23- ligand stabilizes the Cu(III) center through enhanced charge donation, modulating the core transition energies. Overall, significant shifts to higher energies are noted upon metal oxidation, emphasizing the importance of scrutinizing ligand structure in XAS/VtC XES analysis. The data further support the redox-innocent role of the Schiff base ligands and underscore the criticality of ligand protonation levels in future spectroscopic studies, particularly for catalytic intermediates. The combined XAS-VtC XES methodology validates the Cu(III) oxidation state assignment while offering insights into ligand protonation effects on core-level spectroscopic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise L Geoghegan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, W12 0BZ, London, UK
| | - Jessica K Bilyj
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - George E Cutsail
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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3
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Wang J, Hsu CS, Wu TS, Chan TS, Suen NT, Lee JF, Chen HM. In situ X-ray spectroscopies beyond conventional X-ray absorption spectroscopy on deciphering dynamic configuration of electrocatalysts. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6576. [PMID: 37852958 PMCID: PMC10584842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Realizing viable electrocatalytic processes for energy conversion/storage strongly relies on an atomic-level understanding of dynamic configurations on catalyst-electrolyte interface. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has become an indispensable tool to in situ investigate dynamic natures of electrocatalysts but still suffers from limited energy resolution, leading to significant electronic transitions poorly resolved. Herein, we highlight advanced X-ray spectroscopies beyond conventional XAS, with emphasis on their unprecedented capabilities of deciphering key configurations of electrocatalysts. The profound complementarities of X-ray spectroscopies from various aspects are established in a probing energy-dependent "in situ spectroscopy map" for comprehensively understanding the solid-liquid interface. This perspective establishes an indispensable in situ research model for future studies and offers exciting research prospects for scientists and spectroscopists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shuo Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Sing Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.
| | - Nian-Tzu Suen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 225002, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Hao Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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4
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Pollock CJ, Debefve LM. Resonant Excitation Unlocks Chemical Selectivity of Platinum Lβ Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectra. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13681-13691. [PMID: 37578150 PMCID: PMC10467576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC XES) is an emerging technique that uses hard X-rays to probe the valence electronic structure of an absorbing atom. Despite finding varied applications for light elements and first row transition metals, little work has been done on heavier elements such as second and third row transition metals. This lack of application is at least partially due to the relatively low resolution of the data at the high energies required to measure these elements, which obscures the useful chemical information that can be extracted from the lower energy, higher resolution spectra of lighter elements. Herein, we collect data on a set of platinum-containing compounds and demonstrate that the VtC XES resolution can be dramatically enhanced by exciting the platinum atom in resonance with its L3-edge white line absorption. Whereas spectra excited using standard nonresonant absorption well above the Pt L3-edge display broad, unfeatured VtC regions, resonant XES (RXES) spectra have more than twofold improved resolution and are revealed to be rich in chemical information with the ability to distinguish between even closely related species. We further demonstrate that these RXES spectra may be used to selectively probe individual components of a mixture of Pt-containing compounds, establishing this technique as a viable probe for chemically complex samples. Lastly, it is shown that the spectra are interpretable using a molecular orbital framework and may be calculated using density functional theory, thus suggesting resonant excitation as a general strategy for extracting chemically useful information from heavy element VtC spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Pollock
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source,
Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Louise M. Debefve
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source,
Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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5
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Lim H, Brueggemeyer MT, Transue WJ, Meier KK, Jones SM, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Kelemen B, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Cu(I)-Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase: Direct Observation of the Frontier Molecular Orbital for H 2O 2 Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16015-16025. [PMID: 37441786 PMCID: PMC10557184 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) catalyze the degradation of recalcitrant carbohydrate polysaccharide substrates. These enzymes are characterized by a mononuclear Cu(I) active site with a three-coordinate T-shaped "His-brace" configuration including the N-terminal histidine and its amine group as ligands. This study explicitly investigates the electronic structure of the d10 Cu(I) active site in a LPMO using Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The lack of inversion symmetry in the His-brace site enables the 3d/p mixing required for intensity in the Kβ valence-to-core (VtC) XES spectrum of Cu(I)-LPMO. These Kβ XES data are correlated to density functional theory (DFT) calculations to define the bonding, and in particular, the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) of the Cu(I) site. These experimentally validated DFT calculations are used to evaluate the reaction coordinate for homolytic cleavage of the H2O2 O-O bond and understand the contribution of this FMO to the low barrier of this reaction and how the geometric and electronic structure of the Cu(I)-LPMO site is activated for rapid reactivity with H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtaek Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Wesley J Transue
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Katlyn K Meier
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stephen M Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Bradley Kelemen
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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6
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Dynamics of palladium single-atoms on graphitic carbon nitride during ethylene hydrogenation. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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7
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Lu B, Wahl CB, Lu XK, Sweers ME, Li H, Dravid VP, Seitz LC. Iridium-Incorporated Strontium Tungsten Oxynitride Perovskite for Efficient Acidic Hydrogen Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13547-13555. [PMID: 35878066 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heteroanionic materials exhibit great structural diversity with adjustable electronic, magnetic, and optical properties that provide immense opportunities for materials design. Within this material family, perovskite oxynitrides incorporate earth-abundant nitrogen with differing size, electronegativity, and charge into oxide, enabling a unique approach to tuning metal-anion covalency and energy of metal cation electronic states, thereby achieving functionality that may be inaccessible from their perovskite oxide counterparts, which have been widely studied as electrocatalysts. However, it is very challenging to directly obtain such materials due to the poor thermal stability of late transition metals coordinated with N and/or at high valence states. Herein, we introduce an effective strategy to prepare a perovskite oxynitride with a small fraction of sites substituted with Ir and adopt it as the first electrocatalyst in this material family, thereby enabling high activity and efficient utilization of precious metal content. From a series of characterization techniques, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, atomic resolution electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, we prove the successful incorporation of Ir into a strontium tungsten oxynitride perovskite structure and discover the formation of a unique Ir-N/O coordination structure. Benefitting from this, the material exhibits a high activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction, which exhibits an ultralow overpotential of only 8 mV to reach 10 mA/cm2geo in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 4.5-fold enhanced mass activity compared to commercial Pt/C. This work opens a new avenue for oxynitride material synthesis as well as pursuit of a new class of high-performance electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhang Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Carolin B Wahl
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiao Kun Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew E Sweers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Linsey C Seitz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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8
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Nascimento DR, Govind N. Computational approaches for XANES, VtC-XES, and RIXS using linear-response time-dependent density functional theory based methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14680-14691. [PMID: 35699090 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01132h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of state-of-the-art X-ray light sources has paved the way for novel spectroscopies that take advantage of their atomic specificity to shed light on fundamental physical, chemical, and biological processes both in the static and time domains. The success of these experiments hinges on the ability to interpret and predict core-level spectra, which has opened avenues for theory to play a key role. Over the last two decades, linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT), despite various theoretical challenges, has become a computationally attractive and versatile framework to study excited-state spectra including X-ray spectroscopies. In this context, we focus our discussion on LR-TDDFT approaches for the computation of X-ray Near-Edge Structure (XANES), Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission (VtC-XES), and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) spectroscopies in molecular systems with an emphasis on Gaussian basis set implementations. We illustrate these approaches with applications and provide a brief outlook of possible new directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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9
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Cutsail III GE, DeBeer S. Challenges and Opportunities for Applications of Advanced X-ray Spectroscopy in Catalysis Research. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George E. Cutsail III
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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10
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Geoghegan BL, Liu Y, Peredkov S, Dechert S, Meyer F, DeBeer S, Cutsail GE. Combining Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission and Cu K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopies to Experimentally Assess Oxidation State in Organometallic Cu(I)/(II)/(III) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2520-2534. [PMID: 35050605 PMCID: PMC8855422 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A series of organometallic
copper complexes in formal oxidation
states ranging from +1 to +3 have been characterized by a combination
of Cu K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) and Cu Kβ valence-to-core
X-ray emission spectroscopies (VtC XES). Each formal oxidation state
exhibits distinctly different XAS and VtC XES transition energies
due to the differences in the Cu Zeff, concomitant with
changes in physical oxidation state from +1 to +2 to +3. Herein, we
demonstrate the sensitivity of XAS and VtC XES to the physical oxidation
states of a series of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligated organocopper
complexes. We then extend these methods to the study of the [Cu(CF3)4]− ion. Complemented by computational
methods, the observed spectral transitions are correlated with the
electronic structure of the complexes and the Cu Zeff.
These calculations demonstrate that a contraction of the Cu 1s orbitals
to deeper binding energy upon oxidation of the Cu center manifests
spectroscopically as a stepped increase in the energy of both XAS
and Kβ2,5 emission features with increasing formal
oxidation state within the [Cun+(NHC2)]n+ series. The newly synthesized Cu(III) cation
[CuIII(NHC4)]3+ exhibits spectroscopic
features and an electronic structure remarkably similar to [Cu(CF3)4]−, supporting a physical oxidation
state assignment of low-spin d8 Cu(III) for [Cu(CF3)4]−. Combining XAS and VtC XES
further demonstrates the necessity of combining multiple spectroscopies
when investigating the electronic structures of highly covalent copper
complexes, providing a template for future investigations into both
synthetic and biological metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise L. Geoghegan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergey Peredkov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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11
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Kas JJ, Vila FD, Pemmaraju CD, Tan TS, Rehr JJ. Advanced calculations of X-ray spectroscopies with FEFF10 and Corvus. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:1801-1810. [PMID: 34738933 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521008614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The real-space Green's function code FEFF has been extensively developed and used for calculations of X-ray and related spectra, including X-ray absorption (XAS), X-ray emission (XES), inelastic X-ray scattering, and electron energy-loss spectra. The code is particularly useful for the analysis and interpretation of the XAS fine-structure (EXAFS) and the near-edge structure (XANES) in materials throughout the periodic table. Nevertheless, many applications, such as non-equilibrium systems, and the analysis of ultra-fast pump-probe experiments, require extensions of the code including finite-temperature and auxiliary calculations of structure and vibrational properties. To enable these extensions, we have developed in tandem a new version FEFF10 and new FEFF-based workflows for the Corvus workflow manager, which allow users to easily augment the capabilities of FEFF10 via auxiliary codes. This coupling facilitates simplified input and automated calculations of spectra based on advanced theoretical techniques. The approach is illustrated with examples of high-temperature behavior, vibrational properties, many-body excitations in XAS, super-heavy materials, and fits of calculated spectra to experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Kas
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - F D Vila
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - C D Pemmaraju
- Theory Institute for Materials and Energy Spectroscopies, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - T S Tan
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J J Rehr
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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12
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Kavčič M, Petric M, Rajh A, Isaković K, Vizintin A, Talian SD, Dominko R. Characterization of Li-S Batteries Using Laboratory Sulfur X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021; 4:2357-2364. [PMID: 33842854 PMCID: PMC8029652 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.0c02878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Application of laboratory-based X-ray analytical techniques that are capable of a reliable characterization of the chemical state of sulfur within bulk battery cathode in parallel with electrochemical characterization is essential for further development of lithium-sulfur batteries. In this work, MeV proton-induced X-ray emission (XES) sulfur measurements were performed in ex situ mode on laboratory-synthesized sulfur standards and precycled battery cathodes. The average sulfur charge was determined from the energy shift of the Kα emission line and from the spectral shape of the Kβ emission spectrum. Finally, operando Kα XES measurements were performed to monitor reduction of sulfur within battery cathode during discharge. The experimental approach presented here provides an important step toward more routine laboratory analysis of sulfur-based battery systems and also other sulfur-neighboring low-Z bulk materials with emission energies in the tender X-ray range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Kavčič
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, University of
Ljubljana, Jadranska
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Petric
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Geotechnical Engineering, University
of Zagreb, Varaždin 42000, Croatia
| | - Ava Rajh
- Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, University of
Ljubljana, Jadranska
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Isaković
- Jožef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alen Vizintin
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Robert Dominko
- National
Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of
Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Besley NA. Modeling of the spectroscopy of core electrons with density functional theory. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Besley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham UK
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14
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Phu PN, Gutierrez CE, Kundu S, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Warren TH, Stieber SCE. Quantification of Ni-N-O Bond Angles and NO Activation by X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:736-744. [PMID: 33373520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of β-diketiminate Ni-NO complexes with a range of NO binding modes and oxidation states were studied by X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The results demonstrate that XES can directly probe and distinguish end-on vs side-on NO coordination modes as well as one-electron NO reduction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the transition from the NO 2s2s σ* orbital has higher intensity for end-on NO coordination than for side-on NO coordination, whereas the 2s2s σ orbital has lower intensity. XES calculations in which the Ni-N-O bond angle was fixed over the range from 80° to 176° suggest that differences in NO coordination angles of ∼10° could be experimentally distinguished. Calculations of Cu nitrite reductase (NiR) demonstrate the utility of XES for characterizing NO intermediates in metalloenzymes. This work shows the capability of XES to distinguish NO coordination modes and oxidation states at Ni and highlights applications in quantifying small molecule activation in enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan N Phu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Carlos E Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States.,School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Timothy H Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - S Chantal E Stieber
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
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15
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In situ X-ray absorption study of Cu species in Cu-CHA catalysts for NH3-SCR during temperature-programmed reduction in NO/NH3. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04350-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAmmonia-mediated selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) using Cu-exchanged chabazite zeolites as catalysts is one of the leading technologies for NOx removal from exhaust gases, with CuII/CuI redox cycles being the basis of the catalytic reaction. The amount of CuII ions reduced by NO/NH3 can be quantified by the consumption of NO during temperature-programmed reduction experiments (NO-TPR). In this article, we show the capabilities of in situ X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), coupled with multivariate curve resolution (MCR) and principal component analysis (PCA) methods, in following CuII/CuI speciation during reduction in NO/NH3 after oxidation in NO/O2 at 50 °C on samples with different copper loading and pretreatment conditions. Our XANES results show that during the NO/NH3 ramp CuII ions are fully reduced to CuI in the 50–290 °C range. The number of species involved in the process, their XANES spectra and their concentration profiles as a function of the temperature were obtained by MCR and PCA. Mixed ligand ammonia solvated complexes [CuII(NH3)3(X)]+ (X = OH−/O− or NO3−) are present at the beginning of the experiment, and are transformed into mobile [CuI(NH3)2]+ complexes: these complexes lose an NH3 ligand and become framework-coordinated above 200 °C. In the process, multiple CuII/CuI reduction events are observed: the first one around 130 °C is identified with the reduction of [CuII(NH3)3(OH/O)]+ moieties, while the second one occurs around 220–240 °C and is associated with the reduction of the ammonia-solvated Cu-NO3− species. The nitrate concentration in the catalysts is found to be dependent on the zeolite Cu loading and on the applied pretreatment conditions. Ammonia solvation increases the number of CuII sites available for the formation of nitrates, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy.
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16
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Zimmermann P, Peredkov S, Abdala PM, DeBeer S, Tromp M, Müller C, van Bokhoven JA. Modern X-ray spectroscopy: XAS and XES in the laboratory. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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McCubbin Stepanic O, Ward J, Penner-Hahn JE, Deb A, Bergmann U, DeBeer S. Probing a Silent Metal: A Combined X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopic Study of Biologically Relevant Zinc Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13551-13560. [PMID: 32893611 PMCID: PMC7509839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As the second most common transition metal in the human body, zinc is of great interest to research but has few viable routes for its direct structural study in biological systems. Herein, Zn valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC XES) and Zn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are presented as a means to understand the local structure of zinc in biological systems through the application of these methods to a series of biologically relevant molecular model complexes. Taken together, the Zn K-edge XAS and VtC XES provide a means to establish the ligand identity, local geometry, and metal-ligand bond lengths. Experimental results are supported by correlation with density-functional-theory-based calculations. Combining these theoretical and experimental approaches will enable future applications to protein systems in a predictive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia McCubbin Stepanic
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jesse Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - James E Penner-Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Aniruddha Deb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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18
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Holden WM, Jahrman EP, Govind N, Seidler GT. Probing Sulfur Chemical and Electronic Structure with Experimental Observation and Quantitative Theoretical Prediction of Kα and Valence-to-Core Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5415-5434. [PMID: 32486638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An extensive experimental and theoretical study of the Kα and Kβ high-resolution X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of sulfur-bearing systems is presented. This study encompasses a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, including numerous experimental spectra from both prior published work and new measurements. Employing a linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) approach, strong quantitative agreement is found in the calculation of energy shifts of the core-to-core Kα as well as the full range of spectral features in the valence-to-core Kβ spectrum. The ability to accurately calculate the sulfur Kα energy shift supports the use of sulfur Kα XES as a bulk-sensitive tool for assessing sulfur speciation. The fine structure of the sulfur Kβ spectrum, in conjunction with the theoretical results, is shown to be sensitive to the local electronic structure including effects of symmetry, ligand type and number, and, in the case of organosulfur compounds, to the nature of the bonded organic moiety. This agreement between theory and experiment, augmented by the potential for high-access XES measurements with the latest generation of laboratory-based spectrometers, demonstrates the possibility of broad analytical use of XES for sulfur and nearby third-row elements. The effective solution of the forward problem, i.e., successful prediction of detailed spectra from known molecular structure, also suggests future use of supervised machine learning approaches to experimental inference, as has seen recent interest for interpretation of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES).
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Holden
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Evan P Jahrman
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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19
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Levin N, Peredkov S, Weyhermüller T, Rüdiger O, Pereira NB, Grötzsch D, Kalinko A, DeBeer S. Ruthenium 4d-to-2p X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: A Simultaneous Probe of the Metal and the Bound Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8272-8283. [PMID: 32390417 PMCID: PMC7298721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Ruthenium 4d-to-2p
X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) was systematically
explored for a series of Ru2+ and Ru3+ species.
Complementary density functional theory calculations were utilized
to allow for a detailed assignment of the experimental spectra. The
studied complexes have a range of different coordination spheres,
which allows the influence of the ligand donor/acceptor properties
on the spectra to be assessed. Similarly, the contributions of the
site symmetry and the oxidation state of the metal were analyzed.
Because the 4d-to-2p emission lines are dipole-allowed, the spectral
features are intense. Furthermore, in contrast with K- or L-edge X-ray
absorption of 4d transition metals, which probe the unoccupied levels,
the observed 4p-to-2p XES arises from electrons in filled-ligand-
and filled-metal-based orbitals, thus providing simultaneous access
to the ligand and metal contributions to bonding. As such, 4d-to-2p
XES should be a promising tool for the study of a wide range of 4d
transition-metal compounds. Ruthenium 4d-to-2p
XES was applied to a series of molecular
Ru complexes with varied coordination environment, oxidation state
and site symmetry. Through correlations to calculations, it is demonstrated
the Ru 4d-to-2p XES provides a unique probe of both the filled ligand np and filled metal 4d orbitals, providing a promising new
tool for the study of a wide range of 4d transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Levin
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sergey Peredkov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Olaf Rüdiger
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nilson B Pereira
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel Grötzsch
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik (IOAP), TU-Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Kalinko
- Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.,DESY Photon Science, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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20
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Burkhardt L, Vukadinovic Y, Nowakowski M, Kalinko A, Rudolph J, Carlsson PA, Jacob CR, Bauer M. Electronic Structure of the Hieber Anion [Fe(CO) 3(NO)] - Revisited by X-ray Emission and Absorption Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3551-3561. [PMID: 32125149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While the Hieber anion [Fe(CO)3(NO)]- has been reincarnated in the last years as an active catalyst in organic synthesis, there is still a debate about the oxidation state of the central Fe atom and the resulting charge of the NO ligand. To shed new light on this question and to understand the Fe-NO interaction in the Hieber anion, it is investigated in comparison to the formal 3d8 reference Fe(CO)5 and the formal 3d10 reference [Fe(CO)4]2- by the combination of valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC-XES), X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected XANES. In order to extract information about the electronic structure, time-dependent density functional theory and ground-state density functional theory calculations are applied. This combination of experimental and computational methods reveals that the electron density at the Fe center of the Hieber resembles that of the isoelectronic [Fe(CO)4]2-. These observations challenge recent descriptions of the Hieber anion and reopen the debate about the experimentally and computationally determined Fe oxidation state and charge on the NO ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Burkhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Yannik Vukadinovic
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michał Nowakowski
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Kalinko
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Julian Rudolph
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Per-Anders Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoph R Jacob
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Paderborn University, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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21
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Fouda AAE, Besley NA. Improving the predictive quality of time‐dependent density functional theory calculations of the X‐ray emission spectroscopy of organic molecules. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1081-1090. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Bergmann TG, Welzel MO, Jacob CR. Towards theoretical spectroscopy with error bars: systematic quantification of the structural sensitivity of calculated spectra. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1862-1877. [PMID: 34123280 PMCID: PMC8148348 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular spectra calculated with quantum-chemical methods are subject to a number of uncertainties (e.g., errors introduced by the computational methodology) that hamper the direct comparison of experiment and computation. Judging these uncertainties is crucial for drawing reliable conclusions from the interplay of experimental and theoretical spectroscopy, but largely relies on subjective judgment. Here, we explore the application of methods from uncertainty quantification to theoretical spectroscopy, with the ultimate goal of providing systematic error bars for calculated spectra. As a first target, we consider distortions of the underlying molecular structure as one important source of uncertainty. We show that by performing a principal component analysis, the most influential collective distortions can be identified, which allows for the construction of surrogate models that are amenable to a statistical analysis of the propagation of uncertainties in the molecular structure to uncertainties in the calculated spectrum. This is applied to the calculation of X-ray emission spectra of iron carbonyl complexes, of the electronic excitation spectrum of a coumarin dye, and of the infrared spectrum of alanine. We show that with our approach it becomes possible to obtain error bars for calculated spectra that account for uncertainties in the molecular structure. This is an important first step towards systematically quantifying other relevant sources of uncertainty in theoretical spectroscopy. Uncertainty quantification is applied in theoretical spectroscopy to obtain error bars accounting for the structural sensitivity of calculated spectra.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias G Bergmann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Michael O Welzel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christoph R Jacob
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Gaußstraße 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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23
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Mathe Z, Pantazis DA, Lee HB, Gnewkow R, Van Kuiken BE, Agapie T, DeBeer S. Calcium Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: A Sensitive Probe of Oxo Protonation in Structural Models of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16292-16301. [PMID: 31743026 PMCID: PMC6891804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is an abundant, nontoxic metal that finds many roles in synthetic and biological systems including the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II. Characterization methods for calcium centers, however, are underdeveloped compared to those available for transition metals. Valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC XES) selectively probes the electronic structure of an element's chemical environment, providing insight that complements the geometric information available from other techniques. Here, the utility of calcium VtC XES is established using an in-house dispersive spectrometer in combination with density functional theory. Spectral trends are rationalized within a molecular orbital framework, and Kβ2,5 transitions, derived from molecular orbitals with primarily ligand p character, are found to be a promising probe of the calcium coordination environment. In particular, it is shown that calcium VtC XES is sensitive to the electronic structure changes that accompany oxo protonation in Mn3CaO4-based molecular mimics of the OEC. Through correlation to calculations, the potential of calcium VtC XES to address unresolved questions regarding the mechanism of biological water oxidation is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Mathe
- Max Planck Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der
Ruhr, Germany
| | - Heui Beom Lee
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Richard Gnewkow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin E. Van Kuiken
- Max Planck Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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24
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Tu MF, Doumy G, Al Haddad A, March AM, Southworth SH, Assoufid L, Kumagai Y, Walko DA, DiChiara AD, Liu Z, Shi B, Young L, Bostedt C. Micro-focused MHz pink beam for time-resolved X-ray emission spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1956-1966. [PMID: 31721741 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519012268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The full radiation from the first harmonic of a synchrotron undulator (between 5 and 12 keV) at the Advanced Photon Source is microfocused using a stack of beryllium compound refractive lenses onto a fast-moving liquid jet and overlapped with a high-repetition-rate optical laser. This micro-focused geometry is used to perform efficient nonresonant X-ray emission spectroscopy on transient species using a dispersive spectrometer geometry. The overall usable flux achieved on target is above 1015 photons s-1 at 8 keV, enabling photoexcited systems in the liquid phase to be tracked with time resolutions from tens of picoseconds to microseconds, and using the full emission spectrum, including the weak valence-to-core signal that is sensitive to chemically relevant electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Feng Tu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Andre Al Haddad
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | | | | | - Yoshiaki Kumagai
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Donald A Walko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | | | - Zunping Liu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Bing Shi
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
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25
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Clarke CJ, Hayama S, Hawes A, Hallett JP, Chamberlain TW, Lovelock KRJ, Besley NA. Zinc 1s Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Halozincate Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9552-9559. [PMID: 31609617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Zn 1s valence-to-core (VtC) X-ray emission spectra of seven ionic liquids have been measured experimentally and simulated on the basis of time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Six of the ionic liquids were made by mixing [C8C1Im]X and Zn(II)X2 at three different ZnX2 mole fractions (0.33, 0.50, or 0.67) for X = Cl or Br, and a further ionic liquid was made by mixing [P6,6,6,14]Cl and a mole fraction of ZnCl2 of 0.33. Calculations were performed for the [ZnX4]2-, [Zn2X6]2-, and [Zn4X10]2- ions to capture the expected metal complex speciation. The VtC emission spectra showed three bands arising from single-electron processes that can be assigned to emission from ligand p-type orbitals, zinc d-orbitals, and ligand s-type orbitals. For all seven ionic liquids, the highest occupied molecular orbital arises from the ligand p orbitals, and the spectra for the different size metal complexes for the same X were found to be very similar, in terms of both relative peak intensities and peak energies. For both experiments and TDDFT calculations, there was an energy difference of 0.5 eV between the Cl-based and Br-based metal complexes for the ligand s and p orbitals, while the Zn 3d orbital energies were relatively unaffected by the identity of the ligand. The TDDFT calculations find that for the ions with symmetrically equivalent zinc atoms ([Zn2X6]2- and [Zn4X10]2-), the most appropriate core-ionized reference state has a core-hole that is localized on a single zinc atom. In this framework, the spectra for the larger ions can be viewed as a sum of spectra for the tetrahedral complex with a single zinc atom with small variations in the structure of the coordinating ligands. Because the spectra are relatively insensitive to small changes in the geometry of the ligands, this is consistent with the small variation in the spectra measured in the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby J Clarke
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Shusaku Hayama
- Diamond Light Source , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , U.K
| | - Alexander Hawes
- Institute of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , U.K
| | - Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Imperial College , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Thomas W Chamberlain
- Institute of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Leeds LS2 9JT , U.K
| | | | - Nicholas A Besley
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham NG7 2RD , U.K
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26
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Story SM, Vila FD, Kas JJ, Raniga KB, Pemmaraju CD, Rehr JJ. Corvus: a framework for interfacing scientific software for spectroscopic and materials science applications. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1694-1704. [PMID: 31490161 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519007495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Corvus, a Python-based package designed for managing workflows of physical simulations that utilize multiple scientific software packages, is presented. Corvus can be run as an executable script with an input file and automatically generated or custom workflows, or interactively, in order to build custom workflows with a set of Corvus-specific tools. Several prototypical examples are presented that link density functional, vibrational and X-ray spectroscopy software packages and are of interest to the synchrotron community. These examples highlight the simplification of complex spectroscopy calculations that were previously limited to expert users, and demonstrate the flexibility of the Corvus infrastructure to tackle more general problems in other research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Story
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - F D Vila
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J J Kas
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - K B Raniga
- School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - C D Pemmaraju
- Theory Institute for Materials and Energy Spectroscopies, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - J J Rehr
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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27
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Bokarev SI, Kühn O. Theoretical X‐ray spectroscopy of transition metal compounds. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Physik Universität Rostock Rostock Germany
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28
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Burkhardt L, Mueller C, Groß OA, Sun Y, Sitzmann H, Bauer M. The Bonding Situation in the Dinuclear Tetra-Hydrido Complex [{ 5CpFe} 2(μ-H) 4] Revisited by Hard X-Ray Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6609-6618. [PMID: 30596494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High energy resolution fluorescence detected XANES (HERFD-XANES) and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC-XES) are introduced as powerful tools to investigate hydride-iron interaction, the possible iron-iron bond, and iron spin state of the dinuclear tetra-hydrido complex [{5CpFe}2(μ-H)4] (1H, 5Cp = η5-C5 iPr5) by thoroughly accessing the geometric and electronic structure of this complex in comparison to the nonhydride reference [5CpCpFe] (1, Cp = C5H5). The so far observed most intense hydride induced signals in the pre-edge feature of the HERFD-XANES and in the VtC-XES spectra at the iron K-edge allow a precise analysis of the LUMO and HOMO states, respectively, by application of time-dependent density function theory (TD-DFT) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results of these calculations are further employed to understand the oxidation state, spin states, and potential Fe-Fe bonds in this complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Burkhardt
- Faculty of Science , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Carsten Mueller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 , 67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
| | - Oliver A Groß
- Faculty of Science , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 , 67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
| | - Helmut Sitzmann
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 , 67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Faculty of Science , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany.,Center for Sustainable Systems Design (CSSD) , Paderborn University , Warburger Straße 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
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29
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Hanna L, Kucheryavy P, Lahanas N, Lockard JV. Spectroscopic characterization of metal ligation in trinuclear iron-μ 3-oxo-based complexes and metal-organic frameworks. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:174707. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5096796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Pavel Kucheryavy
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Nicole Lahanas
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Jenny V. Lockard
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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30
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Müller P, Neuba A, Flörke U, Henkel G, Kühne TD, Bauer M. Experimental and Theoretical High Energy Resolution Hard X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy on Biomimetic Cu 2S 2 Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3575-3581. [PMID: 30945858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High energy resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption near edge structure (HERFD-XANES) and Valence-to-Core X-ray emission (VtC-XES) spectroscopy are established as hard X-ray methods to investigate complexes that might be relevant as mimics for the biologically important CuA site. By investigation of three carefully selected complexes of the type [Cu2(NGuaS)2X2], characterized by a cyclic Cu2S2 core portion and a varying adjunct ligand nature, it is proven that the HERFD-XANES and VtC-XES measurements in combination with extensive TD-DFT calculations can reveal details of the electronic states in such complexes, including HOMO and LUMO levels and spin states. By theoretical spectroscopy, the value of this methodic combination for future in situ studies is demonstrated.
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31
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Wolny JA, Schünemann V, Németh Z, Vankó G. Spectroscopic techniques to characterize the spin state: Vibrational, optical, Mössbauer, NMR, and X-ray spectroscopy. CR CHIM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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32
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Martinie RJ, Blaesi EJ, Bollinger JM, Krebs C, Finkelstein KD, Pollock CJ. Two-Color Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectroscopy Tracks Cofactor Protonation State in a Class I Ribonucleotide Reductase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12754-12758. [PMID: 30075052 PMCID: PMC6579043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Proton transfer reactions are of central importance to a wide variety of biochemical processes, though determining proton location and monitoring proton transfers in biological systems is often extremely challenging. Herein, we use two-color valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC XES) to identify protonation events across three oxidation states of the O2 -activating, radical-initiating manganese-iron heterodinuclear cofactor in a class I-c ribonucleotide reductase. This is the first application of VtC XES to an enzyme intermediate and the first simultaneous measurement of two-color VtC spectra. In contrast to more conventional methods of assessing protonation state, VtC XES is a more direct probe applicable to a wide range of metalloenzyme systems. These data, coupled to insight provided by DFT calculations, allow the inorganic cores of the MnIV FeIV and MnIV FeIII states of the enzyme to be assigned as MnIV (μ-O)2 FeIV and MnIV (μ-O)(μ-OH)FeIII , respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Martinie
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 318 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Blaesi
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 318 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - J Martin Bollinger
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 318 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, 318 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kenneth D Finkelstein
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Christopher J Pollock
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 318 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Present address: Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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33
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Martinie RJ, Blaesi EJ, Bollinger JM, Krebs C, Finkelstein KD, Pollock CJ. Two‐Color Valence‐to‐Core X‐ray Emission Spectroscopy Tracks Cofactor Protonation State in a Class I Ribonucleotide Reductase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Martinie
- Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University 318 Chemistry Building University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Blaesi
- Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University 318 Chemistry Building University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - J. Martin Bollinger
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State University 318 Chemistry Building University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State University 318 Chemistry Building University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Kenneth D. Finkelstein
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Christopher J. Pollock
- Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University 318 Chemistry Building University Park PA 16802 USA
- Present address: Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source Wilson Laboratory Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
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34
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Xu YP, Chen WT, Yi C, Huang JG, Zhang DW, Wang YF. A Novel Manganese Complex with Mixed Ligands: Preparation, Structure, Photoluminescent and Semiconductive Properties. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15212927064594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A manganese complex with mixed ligands, [Mn(2,2′-biim)2(4,4′-bipy)] n[Mn(2,2′-biim)3]2 n6 n(ClO4)•8 nH2O (2,2′-biim = 2,2′-biimidazole; 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), has been obtained by a hydrothermal procedure and its structure determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. A two-dimensional (2-D) supramolecular layer is established through hydrogen-bonding interactions. Solid-state photoluminescence measurement reveals that this complex shows a blue light emission. Solid-state diffuse reflectance determination uncovers the presence of a narrow optical band gap of 2.18 eV in this complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Xu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tong Chen
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Cai Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, China
| | - Jian-Gen Huang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Ding-Wa Zhang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Feng Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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35
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Zimmer P, Burkhardt L, Friedrich A, Steube J, Neuba A, Schepper R, Müller P, Flörke U, Huber M, Lochbrunner S, Bauer M. The Connection between NHC Ligand Count and Photophysical Properties in Fe(II) Photosensitizers: An Experimental Study. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:360-373. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zimmer
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Lukas Burkhardt
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Aleksej Friedrich
- Institute
of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jakob Steube
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Adam Neuba
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Rahel Schepper
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Marina Huber
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Institute
of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department
Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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36
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DeBeer S. Advanced X-ray Spectroscopic Methods for Studying Iron-Sulfur-Containing Proteins and Model Complexes. Methods Enzymol 2017; 599:427-450. [PMID: 29746249 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, a brief overview of X-ray spectroscopic methods that may be utilized to obtain insight into the geometric and electronic structure of iron-sulfur proteins is provided. These methods include conventional methods, such as metal and ligand K-edge X-ray absorption, as well as more advanced methods including nonresonant and resonant X-ray emission. In each section, the basic information content of the spectra is highlighted and important experimental considerations are discussed. Throughout the chapter, recent applications to iron-sulfur-containing models and proteins are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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37
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Burkhardt L, Holzwarth M, Plietker B, Bauer M. Detection and Characterization of Hydride Ligands in Iron Complexes by High-Resolution Hard X-ray Spectroscopy and Implications for Catalytic Processes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13300-13310. [PMID: 29058447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two hydride catalysts [Fe(CO)(dppp)H(NO)] (dppp = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane) and [Fe(CO)H(NO)(PPh3)2] in comparison with nonhydride analogues [Fe(dppe)(NO)2] (dppe = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) and [Fe(NO)2(PPh3)2] are investigated with a combination of valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC-XES) and high-energy resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption near-edge structure (HERFD-XANES). To fully understand the experiments and to obtain precise information about molecular levels being involved in the spectral signals, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations and ground state density functional theory (DFT) calculations are necessary. An excellent agreement between experiment and theory allows the identification of particular spectral signals of the Fe-H group. Antibonding Fe-H interactions clearly contribute to pre-edge signals in HERFD-XANES spectra, while bonding Fe-H interactions cause characteristic signatures in the VtC-XES spectra. The sensitivity of both methods with respect to the Fe-H distance is demonstrated by a scanning simulation approach. The results open the way to study metal hydride complexes in situ, their formation, and their fate during catalytic reactions, using high-resolution XANES and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Burkhardt
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn , Warburger Straße 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Michael Holzwarth
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bernd Plietker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn , Warburger Straße 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany
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38
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Rees JA, Bjornsson R, Kowalska JK, Lima FA, Schlesier J, Sippel D, Weyhermüller T, Einsle O, Kovacs JA, DeBeer S. Comparative electronic structures of nitrogenase FeMoco and FeVco. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2445-2455. [PMID: 28154874 PMCID: PMC5322470 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00128b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the active site cofactors of the molybdenum and vanadium nitrogenases (FeMoco and FeVco) was performed using high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy. Synthetic heterometallic iron-sulfur cluster models and density functional theory calculations complement the study of the MoFe and VFe holoproteins using both non-resonant and resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy. Spectroscopic data show the presence of direct iron-heterometal bonds, which are found to be weaker in FeVco. Furthermore, the interstitial carbide is found to perturb the electronic structures of the cofactors through highly covalent Fe-C bonding. The implications of these conclusions are discussed in light of the differential reactivity of the molybdenum and vanadium nitrogenases towards various substrates. Possible functional roles for both the heterometal and the interstitial carbide are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A Rees
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA.
| | - Ragnar Bjornsson
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. and Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Joanna K Kowalska
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Frederico A Lima
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. and Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory - LNLS Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000 13083-970 Campinas SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Schlesier
- Institute for Biochemistry and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Daniel Sippel
- Institute for Biochemistry and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute for Biochemistry and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Julie A Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA.
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany. and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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39
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March AM, Assefa TA, Boemer C, Bressler C, Britz A, Diez M, Doumy G, Galler A, Harder M, Khakhulin D, Németh Z, Pápai M, Schulz S, Southworth SH, Yavaş H, Young L, Gawelda W, Vankó G. Probing Transient Valence Orbital Changes with Picosecond Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:2620-2626. [PMID: 28580048 PMCID: PMC5453616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We probe the dynamics of valence electrons in photoexcited [Fe(terpy)2]2+ in solution to gain deeper insight into the Fe-ligand bond changes. We use hard X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), which combines element specificity and high penetration with sensitivity to orbital structure, making it a powerful technique for molecular studies in a wide variety of environments. A picosecond-time-resolved measurement of the complete 1s X-ray emission spectrum captures the transient photoinduced changes and includes the weak valence-to-core (vtc) emission lines that correspond to transitions from occupied valence orbitals to the nascent core-hole. Vtc-XES offers particular insight into the molecular orbitals directly involved in the light-driven dynamics; a change in the metal-ligand orbital overlap results in an intensity reduction and a blue energy shift in agreement with our theoretical calculations and more subtle features at the highest energies reflect changes in the frontier orbital populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie March
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- E-mail:
| | | | - Christina Boemer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bressler
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 307, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander Britz
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Diez
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Andreas Galler
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Manuel Harder
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron
(DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Khakhulin
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoltán Németh
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy
Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mátyás Pápai
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy
Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre
for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee
149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen H. Southworth
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hasan Yavaş
- Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron
(DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wojciech Gawelda
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel
4, D-22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institute
of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
- E-mail:
| | - György Vankó
- Wigner
Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy
Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
- E-mail:
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40
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From Spectator Species to Active Site Using X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy Under Realistic Conditions. SPRINGER SERIES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-44439-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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41
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Bohinc R, Hoszowska J, Dousse JC, Błachucki W, Zeeshan F, Kayser Y, Nachtegaal M, Pinar AB, van Bokhoven JA. Distribution of aluminum over different T-sites in ferrierite zeolites studied with aluminum valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29271-29277. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential of valence to core Al X-ray emission spectroscopy to determine aluminum distribution in ferrierite zeolites was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Bohinc
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
| | - J. Hoszowska
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - J.-Cl. Dousse
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - W. Błachucki
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - F. Zeeshan
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - Y. Kayser
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
| | | | | | - J. A. van Bokhoven
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
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42
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Li J, Güttinger R, Moré R, Song F, Wan W, Patzke GR. Frontiers of water oxidation: the quest for true catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6124-6147. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Development of advanced analytical techniques is essential for the identification of water oxidation catalysts together with mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Li
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - R. Güttinger
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - R. Moré
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - F. Song
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - W. Wan
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - G. R. Patzke
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
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43
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Witte K, Streeck C, Mantouvalou I, Suchkova SA, Lokstein H, Grötzsch D, Martyanov W, Weser J, Kanngießer B, Beckhoff B, Stiel H. Magnesium K-Edge NEXAFS Spectroscopy of Chlorophyll a in Solution. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:11619-11627. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Witte
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für
Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ioanna Mantouvalou
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für
Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Svetlana A. Suchkova
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, School of Analytical Sciences
Adlershof (SALSA), 10099 Berlin, Germany
- Southern Federal University, International Research
Center “Smart materials”, Rostov-na-Donu 344090, Russia
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics,
Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Grötzsch
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für
Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wjatscheslav Martyanov
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für
Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Weser
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Kanngießer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für
Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Holger Stiel
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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44
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Schwalenstocker K, Paudel J, Kohn AW, Dong C, Van Heuvelen KM, Farquhar ER, Li F. Cobalt Kβ valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy: a study of low-spin octahedral cobalt(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14191-202. [PMID: 27533922 PMCID: PMC5021618 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02413k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kβ valence-to-core (V2C) X-emission spectroscopy (XES) has gained prominence as a tool for molecular inorganic chemists to probe the occupied valence orbitals of coordination complexes, as illustrated by recent evaluation of Kβ V2C XES ranging from titanium to iron. However, cobalt Kβ V2C XES has not been studied in detail, limiting the application of this technique to probe cobalt coordination in molecular catalysts and bioinorganic systems. In addition, the community still lacks a complete understanding of all factors that dictate the V2C peak area. In this manuscript, we report experimental cobalt Kβ V2C XES spectra of low-spin octahedral Co(iii) complexes with different ligand donors, in conjunction with DFT calculations. Cobalt Kβ V2C XES was demonstrated to be sensitive to cobalt-ligand coordination environments. Notably, we recognize here for the first time that there is a linear correlation between the V2C area and the spectrochemical series for low-spin octahedral cobalt(iii) complexes, with strong field π acceptor ligands giving rise to the largest V2C area. This unprecedented correlation is explained by invoking different levels of π-interaction between cobalt p orbitals and ligand orbitals that modulate the percentage of cobalt p orbital character in donor MOs, in combination with changes in the average cobalt-ligand distance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaya Paudel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM 88003
| | | | - Chao Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM 88003
| | | | - Erik R. Farquhar
- CWRU Center for Synchrotron Biosciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
| | - Feifei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM 88003
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45
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Lomachenko KA, Borfecchia E, Negri C, Berlier G, Lamberti C, Beato P, Falsig H, Bordiga S. The Cu-CHA deNOx Catalyst in Action: Temperature-Dependent NH3-Assisted Selective Catalytic Reduction Monitored by Operando XAS and XES. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12025-8. [PMID: 27532483 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The small-pore Cu-CHA zeolite is today the object of intensive research efforts to rationalize its outstanding performance in the NH3-assisted selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of harmful nitrogen oxides and to unveil the SCR mechanism. Herein we exploit operando X-ray spectroscopies to monitor the Cu-CHA catalyst in action during NH3-SCR in the 150-400 °C range, targeting Cu oxidation state, mobility, and preferential N or O ligation as a function of reaction temperature. By combining operando XANES, EXAFS, and vtc-XES, we unambiguously identify two distinct regimes for the atomic-scale behavior of Cu active-sites. Low-temperature SCR, up to ∼200 °C, is characterized by balanced populations of Cu(I)/Cu(II) sites and dominated by mobile NH3-solvated Cu-species. From 250 °C upward, in correspondence to the steep increase in catalytic activity, the largely dominant Cu-species are framework-coordinated Cu(II) sites, likely representing the active sites for high-temperature SCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Lomachenko
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.,IRC "Smart Materials", Southern Federal University , Zorge Street 5, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Negri
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.,IRC "Smart Materials", Southern Federal University , Zorge Street 5, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Pablo Beato
- Haldor Topsøe A/S , Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne Falsig
- Haldor Topsøe A/S , Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Centre and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin , via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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46
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Rees JA, Wandzilak A, Maganas D, Wurster NIC, Hugenbruch S, Kowalska JK, Pollock CJ, Lima FA, Finkelstein KD, DeBeer S. Experimental and theoretical correlations between vanadium K-edge X-ray absorption and Kβ emission spectra. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:793-805. [PMID: 27251139 PMCID: PMC4989026 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of vanadium compounds was studied by K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) and K[Formula: see text] X-ray emission spectroscopies (XES). Qualitative trends within the datasets, as well as comparisons between the XAS and XES data, illustrate the information content of both methods. The complementary nature of the chemical insight highlights the success of this dual-technique approach in characterizing both the structural and electronic properties of vanadium sites. In particular, and in contrast to XAS or extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), we demonstrate that valence-to-core XES is capable of differentiating between ligating atoms with the same identity but different bonding character. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations enable a more detailed, quantitative interpretation of the data. We also establish correction factors for the computational protocols through calibration to experiment. These hard X-ray methods can probe vanadium ions in any oxidation or spin state, and can readily be applied to sample environments ranging from solid-phase catalysts to biological samples in frozen solution. Thus, the combined XAS and XES approach, coupled with DFT calculations, provides a robust tool for the study of vanadium atoms in bioinorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A Rees
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA, 98195-1700, USA
| | - Aleksandra Wandzilak
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dimitrios Maganas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nicole I C Wurster
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stefan Hugenbruch
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Joanna K Kowalska
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christopher J Pollock
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Frederico A Lima
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Kenneth D Finkelstein
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Wilson Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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47
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A Practical Guide to High-resolution X-ray Spectroscopic Measurements and their Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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48
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Blazevic A, Orlowska E, Kandioller W, Jirsa F, Keppler BK, Tafili-Kryeziu M, Linert W, Krachler RF, Krachler R, Rompel A. Photoreduction of Terrigenous Fe-Humic Substances Leads to Bioavailable Iron in Oceans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6417-22. [PMID: 27100573 PMCID: PMC4950011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) are important iron chelators responsible for the transport of iron from freshwater systems to the open sea, where iron is essential for marine organisms. Evidence suggests that iron complexed to HS comprises the bulk of the iron ligand pool in near-coastal waters and shelf seas. River-derived HS have been investigated to study their transport to, and dwell in oceanic waters. A library of iron model compounds and river-derived Fe-HS samples were probed in a combined X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC-XES) study at the Fe K-edge. The analyses performed revealed that iron complexation in HS samples is only dependent on oxygen-containing HS functional groups, such as carboxyl and phenol. The photoreduction mechanism of Fe(III) -HS in oceanic conditions into bioavailable aquatic Fe(II) forms, highlights the importance of river-derived HS as an iron source for marine organisms. Consequently, such mechanisms are a vital component of the upper-ocean iron biogeochemistry cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Blazevic
- Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewelina Orlowska
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Jirsa
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Myrvete Tafili-Kryeziu
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Linert
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf F Krachler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Krachler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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49
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Blazevic A, Orlowska E, Kandioller W, Jirsa F, Keppler BK, Tafili‐Kryeziu M, Linert W, Krachler RF, Krachler R, Rompel A. Photoreduction of Terrigenous Fe-Humic Substances Leads to Bioavailable Iron in Oceans. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 128:6527-6532. [PMID: 27478277 PMCID: PMC4949668 DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Humic substances (HS) are important iron chelators responsible for the transport of iron from freshwater systems to the open sea, where iron is essential for marine organisms. Evidence suggests that iron complexed to HS comprises the bulk of the iron ligand pool in near-coastal waters and shelf seas. River-derived HS have been investigated to study their transport to, and dwell in oceanic waters. A library of iron model compounds and river-derived Fe-HS samples were probed in a combined X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VtC-XES) study at the Fe K-edge. The analyses performed revealed that iron complexation in HS samples is only dependent on oxygen-containing HS functional groups, such as carboxyl and phenol. The photoreduction mechanism of FeIII-HS in oceanic conditions into bioavailable aquatic FeII forms, highlights the importance of river-derived HS as an iron source for marine organisms. Consequently, such mechanisms are a vital component of the upper-ocean iron biogeochemistry cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Blazevic
- Institut für Biophysikalische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität WienAlthanstraße 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Ewelina Orlowska
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Franz Jirsa
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstraße 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Myrvete Tafili‐Kryeziu
- Institut für Angewandte SynthesechemieTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/163-AC1060ViennaAustria
| | - Wolfgang Linert
- Institut für Angewandte SynthesechemieTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/163-AC1060ViennaAustria
| | - Rudolf F. Krachler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstraße 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Regina Krachler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaAlthanstraße 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Annette Rompel
- Institut für Biophysikalische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität WienAlthanstraße 141090ViennaAustria
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50
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Günter T, Doronkin DE, Boubnov A, Carvalho HWP, Casapu M, Grunwaldt JD. The SCR of NOx with NH3 Examined by Novel X-ray Emission and X-ray Absorption Methods. Top Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-016-0561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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