1
|
Panarello S, González-Díez A, Berizzi AE, Malhaire F, Borràs-Tudurí R, Rovira X, Serra C, Prézeau L, Pin JP, Goudet C, Llebaria A, Gómez-Santacana X. Photoswitchable positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 to improve selectivity. iScience 2024; 27:110123. [PMID: 38966572 PMCID: PMC11223089 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) regulate multiple functions in the nervous systems and are involved in several neurological disorders. However, selectively targeting individual mGlu subtypes with spatiotemporal precision is still an unmet need. Photopharmacology can address this concern through the utilization of photoswitchable compounds such as optogluram, which is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of mGlu4 that enables the precise control of physiological responses using light but does not have an optimal selectivity profile. Optogluram analogs were developed to obtain photoswitchable PAMs of mGlu4 receptor with an improved selectivity. Among them, optogluram-2 emerged as a photoswitchable ligand for mGlu4 receptor with activity as both PAM and allosteric agonists. It presents a higher selectivity and offers improved photoswitching of mGlu4 activity. These improved properties make optogluram-2 an excellent candidate to study the role of mGlu4 with a high spatiotemporal precision in systems where mGlu4 can be co-expressed with other mGlu receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Panarello
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Organic Chemistry of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix González-Díez
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Organic Chemistry of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alice E. Berizzi
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Fanny Malhaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Xavier Rovira
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Serra
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurent Prézeau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- MCS, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia – CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, UMR 5203 CNRS and U 1191 INSERM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fu W, Sheng Z, Qiao Z, Xu Z, Li M, Guan Y, Li Z, Shao X. Optical Control of Insect Behavior and Receptors with Azobenzene-Bridged Fipronil and Imidacloprid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12469-12477. [PMID: 38771932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology can be implemented in a way of regulating drug activities by light-controlling the molecular configuations. Three photochromic ligands (PCLs) that bind on one or two sites of GABARs and nAChRs were reported here. These multiphoton PCLs, including FIP-AB-FIP, IMI-AB-FIP, and IMI-AB-IMI, are constructed with an azobenzene (AB) bridge that covalently connects two fipronil (FIP) and imidacloprid (IMI) molecules. Interestingly, the three PCLs as well as FIP and IMI showed great insecticidal activities against Aedes albopictus larvae and Aphis craccivora. IMI-AB-FIP in both trans/cis isomers can be reversibly interconverted depending on light, accompanied by insecticidal activity decrease or increase by 1.5-2.3 folds. In addition, IMI-AB-FIP displayed synergistic effects against A. craccivora (LC50, IMI-AB-FIP = 14.84-22.10 μM, LC50, IMI-AB-IMI = 210.52-266.63 μM, LC50, and FIP-AB-FIP = 36.25-51.04 μM), mainly resulting from a conceivable reason for simultaneous targeting on both GABARs and nAChRs. Furthermore, modulations of wiggler-swimming behaviors and cockroach neuron function were conducted and the results indirectly demonstrated the ligand-receptor interactions. In other words, real-time regulations of receptors and insect behaviors can be spatiotemporally achieved by our two-photon PCLs using light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhubo Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Meng Li
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Kunming, Yunnan 650202, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Kunming, Yunnan 650202, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Deng J, Tian H, Qi H, Xiong T, Lin S, Dong Y, Luo L, Wu D, Zhang K, Ji M, Du T, Sheng L, Chen X, Xu H. Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Novel Reversibly Photoswitchable PI3K Inhibitors Based on Phenylazopyridine Derivatives toward Light-Controlled Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3504-3519. [PMID: 38377311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology is an emerging approach for achieving light-controlled drug activity. Herein, we design and synthesize a novel series of photoswitchable PI3K inhibitors by replacing a sulfonamide moiety with an azo group in a 4-methylquinazoline-based scaffold. Through structure-activity relationship studies, compound 6g is identified to be effectively switched between its trans- and cis-configuration under irradiation with proper wavelengths. Molecular docking studies show the cis-isomer of 6g is favorable to bind to the PI3K target, supporting compound 6g in the PSS365 (cis-isomer enriched) was more potent than that in the PSSdark (trans-isomer dominated) in PI3K enzymatic assay, cell antiproliferative assay, Western blotting analysis on PI3K downstream effectors, cell cycle analysis, colony formation assay, and wound-healing assay. Relative to the cis-isomer, the trans-isomer is more metabolically stable and shows good pharmacokinetic properties in mice. Moreover, compound 6g inhibits tumor growth in nude mice and a zebrafish HGC-27 xenograft model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jialing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Haixiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tianning Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Songwen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Deyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tingting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bacsa B, Hopl V, Derler I. Synthetic Biology Meets Ca 2+ Release-Activated Ca 2+ Channel-Dependent Immunomodulation. Cells 2024; 13:468. [PMID: 38534312 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many essential biological processes are triggered by the proximity of molecules. Meanwhile, diverse approaches in synthetic biology, such as new biological parts or engineered cells, have opened up avenues to precisely control the proximity of molecules and eventually downstream signaling processes. This also applies to a main Ca2+ entry pathway into the cell, the so-called Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. CRAC channels are among other channels are essential in the immune response and are activated by receptor-ligand binding at the cell membrane. The latter initiates a signaling cascade within the cell, which finally triggers the coupling of the two key molecular components of the CRAC channel, namely the stromal interaction molecule, STIM, in the ER membrane and the plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channel, Orai. Ca2+ entry, established via STIM/Orai coupling, is essential for various immune cell functions, including cytokine release, proliferation, and cytotoxicity. In this review, we summarize the tools of synthetic biology that have been used so far to achieve precise control over the CRAC channel pathway and thus over downstream signaling events related to the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadett Bacsa
- Division of Medical Physics und Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Valentina Hopl
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Simon I, Homan EJ, Wijtmans M, Sundström M, Leurs R, De Esch IJP, Zarzycka BA. PSW-Designer: An Open-Source Computational Platform for the Design and Virtual Screening of Photopharmacological Ligands. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6696-6705. [PMID: 37831965 PMCID: PMC10647043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable (PSW) molecules offer an attractive opportunity for the optical control of biological processes. However, the successful design of such compounds remains a challenging multioptimization endeavor, resulting in several biological target classes still relatively poorly explored by photoswitchable ligands, as is the case for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we present the PSW-Designer, a fully open-source computational platform, implemented in the KNIME Analytics Platform, to design and virtually screen novel photoswitchable ligands for photopharmacological applications based on privileged scaffolds. We demonstrate the applicability of the PSW-Designer to GPCRs and assess its predictive capabilities via two retrospective case studies. Furthermore, by leveraging bioactivity information on known ligands, typical and atypical strategies for photoswitchable group incorporation, and the increasingly structural information available for biological targets, the PSW-Design will facilitate the design of novel photoswitchable molecules with improved photopharmacological properties and increased binding affinity shifts upon illumination for GPCRs and many other protein targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Icaro
A. Simon
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for
Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert J. Homan
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for
Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Sundström
- Centre
for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for
Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J. P. De Esch
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for
Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara A. Zarzycka
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for
Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wirth U, Raabe K, Kalaba P, Keimpema E, Muttenthaler M, König B. Photoswitchable Probes of Oxytocin and Vasopressin. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14853-14865. [PMID: 37857356 PMCID: PMC10641831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) are related neuropeptides that regulate many biological processes. In humans, OT and VP act via four G protein-coupled receptors, OTR, V1aR, V1bR, and V2R (VPRs), which are associated with several disorders. To investigate the therapeutic potential of these receptors, particularly in the receptor-dense areas of the brain, molecular probes with a high temporal and spatial resolution are required. Such a spatiotemporal resolution can be achieved by incorporating photochromic moieties into OT and VP. Here, we report the design, synthesis, and (photo)pharmacological characterization of 12 OT- and VP-derived photoprobes using different modification strategies. Despite OT's and VP's sensitivity toward structural changes, we identified two photoprobes with good potency and photoswitch window for investigating the OTR and V1bR. These photoprobes should be of high value for producing cutting-edge photocontrollable peptide probes for the study of dynamic and kinetic receptor activation processes in specific regions of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Wirth
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Raabe
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Predrag Kalaba
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Keimpema
- Medical
University of Vienna, Center for Brain Research, Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marcus DJ, Bruchas MR. Optical Approaches for Investigating Neuromodulation and G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1119-1139. [PMID: 37429736 PMCID: PMC10595021 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that roughly 40% of all US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacological therapeutics target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), there remains a gap in our understanding of the physiologic and functional role of these receptors at the systems level. Although heterologous expression systems and in vitro assays have revealed a tremendous amount about GPCR signaling cascades, how these cascades interact across cell types, tissues, and organ systems remains obscure. Classic behavioral pharmacology experiments lack both the temporal and spatial resolution to resolve these long-standing issues. Over the past half century, there has been a concerted effort toward the development of optical tools for understanding GPCR signaling. From initial ligand uncaging approaches to more recent development of optogenetic techniques, these strategies have allowed researchers to probe longstanding questions in GPCR pharmacology both in vivo and in vitro. These tools have been employed across biologic systems and have allowed for interrogation of everything from specific intramolecular events to pharmacology at the systems level in a spatiotemporally specific manner. In this review, we present a historical perspective on the motivation behind and development of a variety of optical toolkits that have been generated to probe GPCR signaling. Here we highlight how these tools have been used in vivo to uncover the functional role of distinct populations of GPCRs and their signaling cascades at a systems level. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remain one of the most targeted classes of proteins for pharmaceutical intervention, yet we still have a limited understanding of how their unique signaling cascades effect physiology and behavior at the systems level. In this review, we discuss a vast array of optical techniques that have been devised to probe GPCR signaling both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Marcus
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (D.J.M., M.R.B.), Department of Pharmacology (M.R.B.), and Department of Bioengineering (M.R.B.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Caged-carvedilol as a new tool for visible-light photopharmacology of β-adrenoceptors in native tissues. iScience 2022; 25:105128. [PMID: 36185381 PMCID: PMC9515591 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoceptors are G protein-coupled receptors involved in a large variety of physiological processes, also under pathological conditions. This is due in large part to their ubiquitous expression in the body exerting numerous essential functions. Therefore, the possibility to control their activity with high spatial and temporal precision would constitute a valuable research tool. In this study, we present a caged version of the approved non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist carvedilol, synthesized by alkylation of its secondary amine with a coumarin derivative. Introducing this photo-removable group abolished carvedilol physiological effects in cell cultures, mouse isolated perfused hearts and living zebrafish larvae. Only after visible light application, carvedilol was released and the different physiological systems were pharmacologically modulated in a similar manner as the control drug. This research provides a new photopharmacological tool for a wide range of research applications that may help in the development of future precise therapies. We report a diffusible caged antagonist based on the beta blocker carvedilol (C-C) Carvedilol release from C-C is produced by light on the visible range (405 nm) Light-dependent effects are assessed in cells, mice hearts, and zebrafish larvae Physiological processes can be regulated by C-C and light (heart rate and behavior)
Collapse
|
9
|
Bosma R, Dijon NC, Zheng Y, Schihada H, Hauwert NJ, Shi S, Arimont M, Riemens R, Custers H, van de Stolpe A, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Holliday ND, Kuster DW, Leurs R. Optical control of the β2-adrenergic receptor with Opto-prop-2: a cis-active azobenzene analog of propranolol. iScience 2022; 25:104882. [PMID: 36060054 PMCID: PMC9436767 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized and evaluated new photoswitchable ligands for the beta-adrenergic receptors β1-AR and β2-AR, applying an azologization strategy to the first-generation beta-blocker propranolol. The resulting compounds (Opto-prop-1, -2, -3) have good photochemical properties with high levels of light-induced trans-cis isomerization (>94%) and good thermal stability (t1/2 > 10 days) of the resulting cis-isomer in an aqueous buffer. Upon illumination with 360-nm light to PSScis, large differences in binding affinities were observed for photoswitchable compounds at β1-AR as well as β2-AR. Notably, Opto-prop-2 (VUF17062) showed one of the largest optical shifts in binding affinities at the β2-AR (587-fold, cis-active), as recorded so far for photoswitches of G protein-coupled receptors. We finally show the broad utility of Opto-prop-2 as a light-dependent competitive antagonist of the β2-AR as shown with a conformational β2-AR sensor, by the recruitment of downstream effector proteins and functional modulation of isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes. A photoswitchable antagonist of the β2-AR was developed: Opto-prop-2 β2-AR binding affinity of the light-induced cis-Opto-prop-2 is 578-fold stronger Opto-prop-2 allowed dynamic control of β2-AR antagonism Opto-prop-2 allowed light-dependent modulation of cardiomyocyte function
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reggie Bosma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola C. Dijon
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Yang Zheng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Section of Receptor Biology & Signaling, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Niels J. Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shuang Shi
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Arimont
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Riemens
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Custers
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea van de Stolpe
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry F. Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas D. Holliday
- School of Life Sciences, The Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Diederik W.D. Kuster
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure & Arrhythmias, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma X, Gao M, Vischer HF, Leurs R. A NanoBRET-Based H 3R Conformational Biosensor to Study Real-Time H 3 Receptor Pharmacology in Cell Membranes and Living Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158211. [PMID: 35897787 PMCID: PMC9332000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformational biosensors to monitor the activation state of G protein-coupled receptors are a useful addition to the molecular pharmacology assay toolbox to characterize ligand efficacy at the level of receptor proteins instead of downstream signaling. We recently reported the initial characterization of a NanoBRET-based conformational histamine H3 receptor (H3R) biosensor that allowed the detection of both (partial) agonism and inverse agonism on living cells in a microplate reader assay format upon stimulation with H3R ligands. In the current study, we have further characterized this H3R biosensor on intact cells by monitoring the effect of consecutive ligand injections in time and evaluating its compatibility with photopharmacological ligands that contain a light-sensitive azobenzene moiety for photo-switching. In addition, we have validated the H3R biosensor in membrane preparations and found that observed potency values better correlated with binding affinity values that were measured in radioligand competition binding assays on membranes. Hence, the H3R conformational biosensor in membranes might be a ready-to-use, high-throughput alternative for radioligand binding assays that in addition can also detect ligand efficacies with comparable values as the intact cell assay.
Collapse
|
11
|
Küllmer F, Gregor L, Arndt HD. Systematic modifications of substitution patterns for property tuning of photoswitchable asymmetric azobenzenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4204-4214. [PMID: 35543370 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Suitable designed photoswitches based on azobenzenes are essential structural features for photopharmacological compounds. Optimized azobenzenes are important for serving as building blocks in "azo extension" strategies, and for designing photodrugs with tailored properties. Herein we present the synthesis and characterization of a variety of asymmetric azobenzenes by addressing selected structural features of the diazene core, such as polarity, steric demand, and electronic properties. Systematic exploration led to photoswitches with a relaxation half-life of seconds, minutes, hours, or days. Furthermore, the influence of different substitution patterns on the photophysical properties was charted. For analysis of all switches, robust characterization as well as examination under near-to physiological conditions was established, in order to assist with photoswitch choice for specific biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Küllmer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Lucas Gregor
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fu W, Shao Z, Sun X, Zhou C, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Cheng J, Li Z, Shao X. Reversible Regulation of Succinate Dehydrogenase by Tools of Photopharmacology. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4279-4290. [PMID: 35357145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is extremely important in metabolic function and biological processes. Modulation of SDH has been reported to be a promising therapeutic target to SDH mutations. Current measures for the regulation of SDH are scarce, and precise and reversible modulation of SDH still remains challenging. Herein, a powerful tool for reversible optical control of SDH was proposed and evaluated utilizing the technology of photopharmacology. We reported photochromic ligands (PCLs), azobenzene-pyrazole amides (APAs), that exert light-dependent inhibition effects on SDH. Physicochemical property tests and biological assays were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of modulating SDH. In this paper, common agricultural pathogens were used to develop a procedure by which our PCLs could reversibly and precisely control SDH utilizing green light. This research would help us to understand the target-ligand interactions and provide new insights into modulation of SDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhongli Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xujuan Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Optical control of Class A G protein-coupled receptors with photoswitchable ligands. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 63:102192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
14
|
Yang X, Li M, Qin X, Tan S, Du L, Ma C, Li M. Photophosphatidylserine Guides Natural Killer Cell Photoimmunotherapy via Tim-3. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3863-3874. [PMID: 35226805 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, in addition to their cytotoxicity function, harbor prominent cytokine production capabilities and contribute to regulating autoimmune responses. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein-3 (Tim-3) is one of the inhibitory receptors on NK cells and a promising immune checkpoint target. We recently found that phosphatidylserine (PS) binding to Tim-3 can suppress NK cell activation. Therefore, based on the therapeutic potential of Tim-3 in NK-cell-mediated diseases, we developed a photoswitchable ligand of Tim-3, termed photophosphatidylserine (phoPS), that mimics the effects of PS. Upon 365 or 455 nm light irradiation, the isomer of phoPS cyclically conversed the cis/trans configuration, resulting in an active/inactive Tim-3 ligand, thus modulating the function of NK cells in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrated that reversible phoPS enabled optical control of acute hepatitis. Together, phoPS may be an appealing tool for autoimmune diseases and cytokine storms in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mengzhen Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Siyu Tan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zheng Y, Wágner G, Hauwert N, Ma X, Vischer HF, Leurs R. New Chemical Biology Tools for the Histamine Receptor Family. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 59:3-28. [PMID: 35851442 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The histamine research community has in the last decade been very active and generated a number of exciting new chemical biology tools for the study of histamine receptors, their ligands, and their pharmacology. In this paper we describe the development of histamine receptor structural biology, the use of receptor conformational biosensors, and the development of new ligands for covalent or fluorescent labeling or for photopharmacological approaches (photocaging and photoswitching). These new tools allow new approaches to study histamine receptors and hopefully will lead to better insights in the molecular aspects of histamine receptors and their ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Wágner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Hauwert
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoyuan Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Du Y, Shao Z, Xu Q, Li Z, Shao X. Azobenzene-Avermectin B1a Derivatives for Optical Modulation of Insect Behaviors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15530-15537. [PMID: 34914386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring avermectins are allosteric modulators of glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls) and possess exceptionally potent anthelmintic, acaricidal, and insecticidal activities. Here, we develop photoswitchable azobenzene-avermectin (ABAVM) derivatives, which can be photoactivated upon ultraviolet irradiation. After illumination, the best compound p-AB4″AVM had a 1.88-fold and 2.74-fold insecticidal activity enhancement toward Culex pipiens pallens and Mythimna separata larvae, respectively. p-AB4″AVM allows for optical regulation of dorsal unpaired median neuron membrane potential with a 2.15-fold fluorescence intensity decrease after illumination. p-AB4″AVM and p-AB5AVM enable optical modulation of the behavioral response of Culex pipiens pallens larvae with 1- and 4-fold reduced mobility upon irradiation, respectively. The ABAVMs could be used to reversibly manipulate GluCls with light and may be useful for the mechanistic study of macrocyclic lactone insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhongli Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu T, Zheng G, Xue D, Zhao S, Li F, Zhou F, Zhao F, Xie L, Tian C, Hua T, Zhao S, Xu Y, Zhong G, Liu ZJ, Makriyannis A, Stevens RC, Tao H. Rational Remodeling of Atypical Scaffolds for the Design of Photoswitchable Cannabinoid Receptor Tools. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13752-13765. [PMID: 34477367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene-embedded photoswitchable ligands are the widely used chemical tools in photopharmacological studies. Current approaches to azobenzene introduction rely mainly on the isosteric replacement of typical azologable groups. However, atypical scaffolds may offer more opportunities for photoswitch remodeling, which are chemically in an overwhelming majority. Herein, we investigate the rational remodeling of atypical scaffolds for azobenzene introduction, as exemplified in the development of photoswitchable ligands for the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2). Based on the analysis of residue-type clusters surrounding the binding pocket, we conclude that among the three representative atypical arms of the CB2 antagonist, AM10257, the adamantyl arm is the most appropriate for azobenzene remodeling. The optimizing spacer length and attachment position revealed AzoLig 9 with excellent thermal bistability, decent photopharmacological switchability between its two configurations, and high subtype selectivity. This structure-guided approach gave new impetus in the extension of new chemical spaces for tool customization for increasingly diversified photo-pharmacological studies and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoxun Zheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dongxiang Xue
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Simeng Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fei Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Linshan Xie
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cuiping Tian
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tian Hua
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Suwen Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yueming Xu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guisheng Zhong
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.,Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Houchao Tao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mravec B, Budzák Š, Medved' M, Pašteka LF, Slavov C, Saßmannshausen T, Wachtveitl J, Kožíšek J, Hegedüsová L, Filo J, Cigáň M. Design of High-Performance Pyridine/Quinoline Hydrazone Photoswitches. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11633-11646. [PMID: 34323500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design of P-type photoswitches with thermal stability of the metastable form of hundreds of years that would efficiently transform using excitation wavelengths above 350 nm remains a challenge in the field of photochromism. In this regard, we designed and synthesized an extended set of 13 pyridine/quinoline hydrazones and systematically investigated the structure-property relationships, defining their kinetic and photoswitching parameters. We show that the operational wavelengths of the pyridine hydrazone structural motif can be effectively shifted toward the visible region without simultaneous loss of their high thermal stability. Furthermore, we characterized the ground-state and excited-state potential energy surfaces with quantum-chemical calculations and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, which allowed us to rationalize both the thermal and photochemical reaction mechanisms of the designed hydrazones. Whereas introducing an electron-withdrawing pyridyl moiety in benzoylpyridine hydrazones leads to thermal stabilities exceeding 200 years, extended π-conjugation in naphthoylquinoline hydrazones pushes the absorption maxima toward the visible spectral region. In either case, the compounds retain highly efficient photoswitching characteristics. Our findings open a route to the rational design of a new family of hydrazone-based P-type photoswitches with high application potential in photonics or photopharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Mravec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Šimon Budzák
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97400 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Medved'
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Tajovského 40, 97400 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Křížkovského 8, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš F Pašteka
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Chavdar Slavov
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Torben Saßmannshausen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jozef Kožíšek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lea Hegedüsová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Filo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Donthamsetti P, Konrad DB, Hetzler B, Fu Z, Trauner D, Isacoff EY. Selective Photoswitchable Allosteric Agonist of a G Protein-Coupled Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8951-8956. [PMID: 34115935 PMCID: PMC8227462 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common targets of drug discovery. However, the similarity between related GPCRs combined with the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of receptor activation in vivo has hindered drug development. Photopharmacology offers the possibility of using light to control the location and timing of drug action by incorporating a photoisomerizable azobenzene into a GPCR ligand, enabling rapid and reversible switching between an inactive and active configuration. Recent advances in this area include (i) photoagonists and photoantagonists that directly control receptor activity but are nonselective because they bind conserved sites, and (ii) photoallosteric modulators that bind selectively to nonconserved sites but indirectly control receptor activity by modulating the response to endogenous ligand. In this study, we designed a photoswitchable allosteric agonist that targets a nonconserved allosteric site for selectivity and activates the receptor on its own to provide direct control. This work culminated in the development of aBINA, a photoswitchable allosteric agonist that selectively activates the Gi/o-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2). aBINA is the first example of a new class of precision drugs for GPCRs and other clinically important signaling proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Donthamsetti
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David B. Konrad
- Department
of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Belinda Hetzler
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Zhu Fu
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Ehud Y. Isacoff
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Helen
Wills Neuroscience Institute, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular
Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mehta P, Miszta P, Filipek S. Molecular Modeling of Histamine Receptors-Recent Advances in Drug Discovery. Molecules 2021; 26:1778. [PMID: 33810008 PMCID: PMC8004658 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent developments of fast reliable docking, virtual screening and other algorithms gave rise to discovery of many novel ligands of histamine receptors that could be used for treatment of allergic inflammatory disorders, central nervous system pathologies, pain, cancer and obesity. Furthermore, the pharmacological profiles of ligands clearly indicate that these receptors may be considered as targets not only for selective but also for multi-target drugs that could be used for treatment of complex disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, analysis of protein-ligand recognition in the binding site of histamine receptors and also other molecular targets has become a valuable tool in drug design toolkit. This review covers the period 2014-2020 in the field of theoretical investigations of histamine receptors mostly based on molecular modeling as well as the experimental characterization of novel ligands of these receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sławomir Filipek
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland or (P.M.); (P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Arkhipova V, Fu H, Hoorens MWH, Trinco G, Lameijer LN, Marin E, Feringa BL, Poelarends GJ, Szymanski W, Slotboom DJ, Guskov A. Structural Aspects of Photopharmacology: Insight into the Binding of Photoswitchable and Photocaged Inhibitors to the Glutamate Transporter Homologue. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1513-1520. [PMID: 33449695 PMCID: PMC7844824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Photopharmacology addresses the challenge of drug selectivity and
side effects through creation of photoresponsive molecules activated
with light with high spatiotemporal precision. This is achieved through
incorporation of molecular photoswitches and photocages into the pharmacophore.
However, the structural basis for the light-induced modulation of
inhibitory potency in general is still missing, which poses a major
design challenge for this emerging field of research. Here we solved
crystal structures of the glutamate transporter homologue GltTk in complex with photoresponsive transport inhibitors—azobenzene
derivative of TBOA (both in trans and cis configuration) and with the photocaged compound ONB-hydroxyaspartate.
The essential role of glutamate transporters in the functioning of
the central nervous system renders them potential therapeutic targets
in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The obtained structures
provide a clear structural insight into the origins of photocontrol
in photopharmacology and lay the foundation for application of photocontrolled
ligands to study the transporter dynamics by using time-resolved X-ray
crystallography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Arkhipova
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark W H Hoorens
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Trinco
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucien N Lameijer
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Egor Marin
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Slotboom
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Guskov
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141701, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sarott RC, Viray AEG, Pfaff P, Sadybekov A, Rajic G, Katritch V, Carreira EM, Frank JA. Optical Control of Cannabinoid Receptor 2-Mediated Ca2+ Release Enabled by Synthesis of Photoswitchable Probes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:736-743. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman C. Sarott
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander E. G. Viray
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - Patrick Pfaff
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Sadybekov
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology and Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Gabriela Rajic
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology and Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - James A. Frank
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ushakov EN, Martyanov TP, Vedernikov AI, Efremova AA, Moiseeva AA, Kuz’mina LG, Dmitrieva SN, Howard JAK, Gromov SP. Highly Stable Supramolecular Donor-Acceptor Complexes Involving a Bis(18-Crown-6)azobenzene as Weak Donor: Structure-Property Relationships. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:25993-26004. [PMID: 33073126 PMCID: PMC7557953 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of highly stable supramolecular donor-acceptor (D-A) complexes of a bis(18-crown-6)azobenzene (weak π-donor) with a series of bis(ammonioalkyl) derivatives of viologen-like molecules (π-acceptors) in acetonitrile were studied using cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The crystalline structures of the bis(crown)azobenzene and its complex with a bis(ammoniopropyl) derivative of 2,7-diazapyrene were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. In solution, all of the supramolecular D-A complexes studied have a pseudocyclic structure owing to ditopic coordination of the ammonium groups of the acceptor to the crown ether moieties of the donor. These complexes show somewhat lower stability as compared with the previously studied complexes of the related derivative of stilbene (strong π-donor), which is explained by the relatively weak intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) interactions. Time-dependent DFT calculations predict that the low-energy CT transition in the D-A complex of the bis(crown)azobenzene with a bis(ammoniopropyl) derivative of 4,4'-bipyridine lies between the local ππ* and nπ* transitions of the azobenzene. The absorption band associated with the CT transition is indiscernible in the spectrum since it is overlapped with broad and more intense ππ* and nπ* bands. It was found that the E → Z photoisomerization quantum yield of the bis(crown)azobenzene decreases by almost an order of magnitude upon the complexation with the 4,4'-bipyridine derivative. This effect was tentatively attributed to the intermolecular electron transfer that occurs in the 1ππ* excited state of the azobenzene and competes with the 1ππ* → 1 nπ* internal conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny N. Ushakov
- Institute
of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Chernogolovka 142432, Russian Federation
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Timofey P. Martyanov
- Institute
of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Chernogolovka 142432, Russian Federation
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Artem I. Vedernikov
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Asya A. Efremova
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A. Moiseeva
- Department
of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila G. Kuz’mina
- N.S.
Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Leninskiy prosp. 31, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana N. Dmitrieva
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Judith A. K. Howard
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Sergey P. Gromov
- Photochemistry
Center of RAS, FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novatorov str. 7A-1, Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
- Department
of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Duran-Corbera A, Catena J, Otero-Viñas M, Llebaria A, Rovira X. Photoswitchable Antagonists for a Precise Spatiotemporal Control of β 2-Adrenoceptors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8458-8470. [PMID: 32686936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
β2-Adrenoceptors (β2-AR) are prototypical G-protein-coupled receptors and important pharmacological targets with relevant roles in physiological processes and diseases. Herein, we introduce Photoazolol-1-3, a series of photoswitchable azobenzene β2-AR antagonists that can be reversibly controlled with light. These new photochromic ligands are designed following the azologization strategy, with a p-acetamido azobenzene substituting the hydrophobic moiety present in many β2-AR antagonists. Using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor-based assay, a variety of photopharmacological properties are identified. Two of the light-regulated molecules show potent β2-AR antagonism and enable a reversible and dynamic control of cellular receptor activity with light. Their photopharmacological properties are opposite, with Photoazolol-1 being more active in the dark and Photoazolol-2 demonstrating higher antagonism upon illumination. In addition, we provide a molecular rationale for the interaction of the different photoisomers with the receptor. Overall, we present innovative tools and a proof of concept for the precise control of β2-AR by means of light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Duran-Corbera
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juanlo Catena
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.,SiMChem, Service of Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Otero-Viñas
- Molecular Photopharmacology Research Group, The Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- Molecular Photopharmacology Research Group, The Tissue Repair and Regeneration Laboratory (TR2Lab), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, 08500 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Du J, Guo J, Kang D, Li Z, Wang G, Wu J, Zhang Z, Fang H, Hou X, Huang Z, Li G, Lu X, Liu X, Ouyang L, Rao L, Zhan P, Zhang X, Zhang Y. New techniques and strategies in drug discovery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
26
|
Zhou C, Ji Y, Ren L, Shao X. Photochromic meta-diamides for optical modulation of ligand activity and neuron function†. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:854-857. [PMID: 33856679 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00045k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology offers facile solutions for spatiotemporal control over ligand activity and receptor function. The meta-diamide insecticide acts on insect GABA receptors (GABARs) as an antagonist that causes firing of a neuron. We present here photochromic GABAR ligands azobenzene-meta-diamides (ABMDAs) by incorporating photoswitchable azobenzene with meta-diamides. ABMDAs showed good isomerization efficiency and fatigue resistance. Among them, ABMDA7 shows a 1.5-fold insecticidal activity difference towards mosquito larvae (Aedes albopictus) before and after UV illumination. We translated this light-dependent activity difference to the optical modulation of the membrane potential of American cockroach (Periptaneta americana) DUM neurons. This light-responsive meta-diamide-based GABAR ligand allows for optical regulation of insecticidal activity and DUM neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuncun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yunfan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liping Ren
- Sinochem Agro Co., Ltd, Sinochem International Plaza, NO. 233 North Changqing Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang X, Ma G, Zheng S, Qin X, Li X, Du L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li M. Optical Control of CRAC Channels Using Photoswitchable Azopyrazoles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9460-9470. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guolin Ma
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Sisi Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Berizzi AE, Goudet C. Strategies and considerations of G-protein-coupled receptor photopharmacology. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2020; 88:143-172. [PMID: 32416866 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pharmacology tends to be complex and at times poorly understood. This has led to the development of GPCR-targeting agents that often demonstrate poor pharmacokinetic properties and poor selectivity for their target receptors. One approach that is emerging as a means of addressing these limitations is the use of molecules whose activity can be controlled by light. Photopharmacology involves the incorporation of a photoswitch into the structure of a given compound, cage or linker and following irradiation with light, undergoes a structural rearrangement, which changes its biological activity. The use of light-regulated ligands offers the opportunity to modulate and understand GPCR signaling in a more spatiotemporal manner than classical pharmacological approaches. In this chapter we will discuss some of the advancements that have been made in photopharmacology, particularly in developing photoswitchable ligands that target class A GPCRs, e.g., muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, class B GPCRs, e.g., glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, and class C GPCRs, e.g., metabotrobic glutamate receptors. Given the intricacy of GPCR pharmacology, this chapter will also discuss some of the challenges the field faces when designing photopharmacological tools. Furthermore, it will propose that it is with a full appreciation of the spectrum of pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of photoswitchable ligands that research will be better placed to develop ligands with a reduced risk of failure during preclinical progression. This will likely enable photopharmacological approaches to continue to find novel applications and offer new perspectives in understanding (patho)physiology to ultimately inform future GPCR drug discovery efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Berizzi
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Cyril Goudet
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Covalent Inhibition of the Histamine H 3 Receptor. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244541. [PMID: 31835873 PMCID: PMC6943558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent binding of G protein-coupled receptors by small molecules is a useful approach for better understanding of the structure and function of these proteins. We designed, synthesized and characterized a series of 6 potential covalent ligands for the histamine H3 receptor (H3R). Starting from a 2-amino-pyrimidine scaffold, optimization of anchor moiety and warhead followed by fine-tuning of the required reactivity via scaffold hopping resulted in the isothiocyanate H3R ligand 44. It shows high reactivity toward glutathione combined with appropriate stability in water and reacts selectively with the cysteine sidechain in a model nonapeptide equipped with nucleophilic residues. The covalent interaction of 44 with H3R was validated with washout experiments and leads to inverse agonism on H3R. Irreversible binder 44 (VUF15662) may serve as a useful tool compound to stabilize the inactive H3R conformation and to study the consequences of prolonged inhibition of the H3R.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Mocking TAM, Hauwert NJ, Sun S, Vijayachandran P, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. A toolbox of molecular photoswitches to modulate the CXCR3 chemokine receptor with light. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2509-2523. [PMID: 31728165 PMCID: PMC6839561 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a detailed structure-activity relationship for the scaffold of VUF16216, a compound we have previously communicated as a small-molecule efficacy photoswitch for the peptidergic chemokine GPCR CXCR3. A series of photoswitchable azobenzene ligands was prepared through various synthetic strategies and multistep syntheses. Photochemical and pharmacological properties were used to guide the design iterations. Investigations of positional and substituent effects reveal that halogen substituents on the ortho-position of the outer ring are preferred for conferring partial agonism on the cis form of the ligands. This effect could be expanded by an electron-donating group on the para-position of the central ring. A variety of efficacy differences between the trans and cis forms emerges from these compounds. Tool compounds VUF15888 (4d) and VUF16620 (6e) represent more subtle efficacy switches, while VUF16216 (6f) displays the largest efficacy switch, from antagonism to full agonism. The compound class disclosed here can aid in new photopharmacology studies of CXCR3 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,present address: Institute of Functional Genomics, Université de Montpellier, Unité 5302 CNRS and Unité U1191, INSERM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Sabrina M de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara A M Mocking
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels J Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shanliang Sun
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mishin A, Gusach A, Luginina A, Marin E, Borshchevskiy V, Cherezov V. An outlook on using serial femtosecond crystallography in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:933-945. [PMID: 31184514 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1626822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: X-ray crystallography has made important contributions to modern drug development but its application to many important drug targets has been extremely challenging. The recent emergence of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) and advancements in serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) have offered new opportunities to overcome limitations of traditional crystallography to accelerate the structure-based drug discovery (SBDD) process. Areas covered: In this review, the authors describe the general principles of X-ray generation and the main properties of XFEL beams, outline details of SFX data collection and processing, and summarize the progress in the development of associated instrumentation for sample delivery and X-ray detection. An overview of the SFX applications to various important drug targets such as membrane proteins is also provided. Expert opinion: While SFX has already made clear advancements toward the understanding of the structure and dynamics of several major drug targets, its robust application in SBDD still needs further developments of new high-throughput techniques for sample production, automation of crystal delivery and data collection, as well as for processing and storage of large amounts of data. The expansion of the available XFEL beamtime is a key to the success of SFX in SBDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Mishin
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia
| | - Anastasiia Gusach
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia
| | - Aleksandra Luginina
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia
| | - Egor Marin
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia
| | - Valentin Borshchevskiy
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- a Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , Dolgoprudny , Russia.,b Bridge Institute, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu Y, Xu Z, Sun W, Yang Y, Jin H, Qiu L, Chen J, Chen J. Co-responsive smart cyclodextrin-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with ligand-receptor engagement for anti-cancer treatment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109831. [PMID: 31349481 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Combination of both internal- and external-stimuli responsive strategies in nanoplatforms can maximize therapeutic outcomes by overcoming drug efflux-mediated resistance and prolonging sustained release of therapeutic payloads in controlled and sequential manner. Here, we show a light/redox dual-stimuli responsive β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) that can effectively load and seal the chemotherapeutics, doxorubicin (DOX), inside MSN with a dual-capped system. The primary gatekeeper was achieved by capping β-CD via a disulfide linkage. An azobenzene/galactose-grafted polymer (GAP) was introduced to functionalize the MSN surface through host-guest interaction. GAP not only served as a secondary non-covalent polymer-gatekeeper to further prevent molecules from leaking out, but also presented targeting ligand for engagement of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. The controlled and stimuli release of DOX could be realized via dissociation of azobenzene moieties from β-CD cage upon UV-irradiation, followed by liberation with the endogenous glutathione. The in vitro studies verified the redox-sensitive DOX release behavior, and the UV irradiation could accelerate this process to trigger DOX burst from MSN-ss-CD/GAP. Notably, the DOX@MSN-ss-CD/GAP could more efficiently deliver DOX into HepG2 cells and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxicity as compared with HeLa and COS7 cells. The smart MSN-ss-CD/GAP delivery system holds the potential for universal therapeutic uses in both biomedical research and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yingyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lipeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Jingxiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ricart-Ortega M, Font J, Llebaria A. GPCR photopharmacology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 488:36-51. [PMID: 30862498 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New technologies for spatial and temporal remote control of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are necessary to unravel the complexity of GPCR signalling in cells, tissues and living organisms. An effective approach, recently developed, consists on the design of light-operated ligands whereby light-dependent GPCR activity regulation can be achieved. In this context, the use of light provides an advantage as it combines safety, easy delivery, high resolution and it does not interfere with most cellular processes. In this review we summarize the most relevant successful achievements in GPCR photopharmacology. These recent findings constitute a significant advance in research studies on the molecular dynamics of receptor activation and their physiological roles in vivo. Moreover, these molecules hold potential toward clinical uses as light-operated drugs, which can overcome some of the problems of conventional pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ricart-Ortega
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University de Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France.
| | - Joan Font
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, University de Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France.
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hauwert NJ, Mocking TAM, Da Costa Pereira D, Lion K, Huppelschoten Y, Vischer HF, De Esch IJP, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. A Photoswitchable Agonist for the Histamine H 3 Receptor, a Prototypic Family A G-Protein-Coupled Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4531-4535. [PMID: 30735597 PMCID: PMC6563694 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal control over biochemical signaling processes involving G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is highly desired for dissecting their complex intracellular signaling. We developed sixteen photoswitchable ligands for the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3 R). Upon illumination, key compound 65 decreases its affinity for the hH3 R by 8.5-fold and its potency in hH3 R-mediated Gi protein activation by over 20-fold, with the trans and cis isomer both acting as full agonist. In real-time two-electrode voltage clamp experiments in Xenopus oocytes, 65 shows rapid light-induced modulation of hH3 R activity. Ligand 65 shows good binding selectivity amongst the histamine receptor subfamily and has good photolytic stability. In all, 65 (VUF15000) is the first photoswitchable GPCR agonist confirmed to be modulated through its affinity and potency upon photoswitching while maintaining its intrinsic activity, rendering it a new chemical biology tool for spatiotemporal control of GPCR activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tamara A. M. Mocking
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ken Lion
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Yara Huppelschoten
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Henry F. Vischer
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Iwan J. P. De Esch
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal ChemistryAmsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11081081 HZAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rustler K, Maleeva G, Bregestovski P, König B. Azologization of serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:780-788. [PMID: 30992726 PMCID: PMC6444460 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor (5-HT3R) plays a unique role within the seven classes of the serotonin receptor family, as it represents the only ionotropic receptor, while the other six members are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The 5-HT3 receptor is related to chemo-/radiotherapy provoked emesis and dysfunction leads to neurodevelopmental disorders and psychopathologies. Since the development of the first serotonin receptor antagonist in the early 1990s, the range of highly selective and potent drugs expanded based on various chemical structures. Nevertheless, on-off-targeting of a pharmacophore's activity with high spatiotemporal resolution as provided by photopharmacology remains an unsolved challenge bearing additionally the opportunity for detailed receptor examination. In the presented work, we summarize the synthesis, photochromic properties and in vitro characterization of azobenzene-based photochromic derivatives of published 5-HT3R antagonists. Despite reported proof of principle of direct azologization, only one of the investigated derivatives showed antagonistic activity lacking isomer specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rustler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
- Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Leippe P, Frank JA. Designing azobenzene-based tools for controlling neurotransmission. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 57:23-30. [PMID: 30825844 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical and electrical signaling at the synapse is a dynamic process that is crucial to neurotransmission and pathology. Traditional pharmacotherapy has found countless applications in both academic labs and the clinic; however, diffusible drugs lack spatial and temporal precision when employed in heterogeneous tissues such as the brain. In the field of photopharmacology, chemical attachment of a synthetic photoswitch to a bioactive ligand allows cellular signaling to be controlled with light. Azobenzenes have remained the go-to photoswitch for biological applications due to their tunable photophysical properties, and can be leveraged to achieve reversible optical control of numerous receptors and ion channels. Here, we discuss the most recent advances in photopharmacology which will improve the use of azobenzene-based probes for neuroscience applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Leippe
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James Allen Frank
- The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Agnetta L, Bermudez M, Riefolo F, Matera C, Claro E, Messerer R, Littmann T, Wolber G, Holzgrabe U, Decker M. Fluorination of Photoswitchable Muscarinic Agonists Tunes Receptor Pharmacology and Photochromic Properties. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3009-3020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Agnetta
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Bermudez
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2 + 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabio Riefolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlo Matera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Claro
- Institut de Neurociències (INc) and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Regina Messerer
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Timo Littmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2 + 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
A Photoswitchable Agonist for the Histamine H
3
Receptor, a Prototypic Family A G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
39
|
Strauss MA, Wegner HA. Influence of an Ammonium Tag on the Switching Dynamics of Azobenzenes in Polar Solvents. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rustler K, Pockes S, König B. Light-Switchable Antagonists for the Histamine H 1 Receptor at the Isolated Guinea Pig Ileum. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:636-644. [PMID: 30628180 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H1 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) plays an important role in allergy and inflammation. Existing drugs that address the H1 receptor differ in their chemical structure, pharmacology, and side effects. Light-controllable spatial and temporal activity regulation of photochromic H1 ligands may contribute to a better mechanistic understanding and the development of improved correlations between ligand structure and pharmacologic effects. We report photochromic H1 receptor ligands, which were investigated in an organ-pharmacological assay. Initially, five photochromic azobenzene derivatives of reported dual H1 -H4 receptor antagonists were designed, synthesized, photochemically characterized, and organ-pharmacologically tested on the isolated guinea pig ileum. Among them, one compound [trans-19: (Z)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)methanimine] retained the antagonistic activity of its non-photochromic lead, and trans-cis isomerization by irradiation induced a fourfold difference in the pharmacological response. Further structural optimization resulted in two bathochromically shifted derivatives of 19 [NO2 -substituted 35 {(Z)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-(4-((E)-(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)methanimine} and SO3 - -substituted 41 {4-((E)-(4-(((Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methylene)amino)phenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonate}], which do not require the use of UV light for photoisomerization and which also have improved solubility and show reduced tissue impairment. The trans isomers of both compounds showed a remarkable increase in antagonistic activity relative to their lead trans-19; furthermore, a 46-fold difference in activity on the isolated guinea pig ileum was observed between trans- and cis-35.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rustler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Acosta-Ruiz A, Broichhagen J, Levitz J. Optical Regulation of Class C GPCRs by Photoswitchable Orthogonal Remotely Tethered Ligands. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1947:103-136. [PMID: 30969413 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9121-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) respond to a wide range of extracellular cues to initiate complex downstream signaling cascades that control myriad aspects of cell function. Despite a long-standing appreciation of their importance to both basic physiology and disease treatment, it remains a major challenge to understand the dynamic activation patterns of GPCRs and the mechanisms by which they modulate biological processes at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Unfortunately, classical methods of pharmacology and genetic knockout are often unable to provide the requisite precision needed to probe such questions. This is an especially pressing challenge for the class C GPCR family which includes receptors for the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA, which signal in a rapid, spatially-delimited manner and contain many different subtypes whose roles are difficult to disentangle. The desire to manipulate class C GPCRs with spatiotemporal precision, genetic targeting, and subtype specificity has led to the development of a variety of photopharmacological tools. Of particular promise are the photoswitchable orthogonal remotely tethered ligands ("PORTLs") which attach to self-labeling tags that are genetically encoded into full length, wild-type metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and allow the receptor to be liganded and un-liganded in response to different wavelengths of illumination. While powerful for studying class C GPCRs, a number of detailed considerations must be made when working with these tools. The protocol included here should provide a basis for the development, characterization, optimization, and application of PORTLs for a wide range of GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mravec B, Filo J, Csicsai K, Garaj V, Kemka M, Marini A, Mantero M, Bianco A, Cigáň M. Photoswitching hydrazones based on benzoylpyridine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24749-24757. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photoswitching behaviour of three readily accesible benzoylpyridine hydrazones, whose photochromic properties depend on the benzoyl substituent and intermolecular interactions, was investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Mravec
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- SK-842 15 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Juraj Filo
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- SK-842 15 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Klaudia Csicsai
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- SK-842 15 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Garaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Comenius University
- SK-832 32 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Kemka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Comenius University
- SK-832 32 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| | - Anna Marini
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera
- Merate
- Italy
| | | | | | - Marek Cigáň
- Institute of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- SK-842 15 Bratislava
- Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Vijayachandran P, Da Costa Pereira D, Bebelman JPM, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Photoswitching the Efficacy of a Small-Molecule Ligand for a Peptidergic GPCR: from Antagonism to Agonism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11608-11612. [PMID: 29926530 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
For optical control of GPCR function, we set out to develop small-molecule ligands with photoswitchable efficacy in which both configurations bind the target protein but exert distinct pharmacological effects, that is, stimulate or antagonize GPCR activation. Our design was based on a previously identified efficacy hotspot for the peptidergic chemokine receptor CXCR3 and resulted in the synthesis and characterization of five new azobenzene-containing CXCR3 ligands. G protein activation assays and real-time electrophysiology experiments demonstrated photoswitching from antagonism to partial agonism and even to full agonism (compound VUF16216). SAR evaluation suggests that the size and electron-donating properties of the substituents on the inner aromatic ring are important for the efficacy photoswitching. These compounds are the first GPCR azo ligands with a nearly full efficacy photoswitch and may become valuable pharmacological tools for the optical control of peptidergic GPCR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina M de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul M Bebelman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gómez-Santacana X, de Munnik SM, Vijayachandran P, Da Costa Pereira D, Bebelman JPM, de Esch IJP, Vischer HF, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Photoswitching the Efficacy of a Small-Molecule Ligand for a Peptidergic GPCR: from Antagonism to Agonism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina M. de Munnik
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Prashanna Vijayachandran
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul M. Bebelman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J. P. de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Henry F. Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry; Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; De Boelelaan 1108 1081 HZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Reversible, Spatial and Temporal Control over Protein Activity Using Light. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:567-575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| |
Collapse
|