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Zhang Z, Qie M, Bai L, Zhao S, Li Y, Yang X, Liang K, Zhao Y. Rapid authenticity assessment of PGI Hongyuan yak milk based on SICRIT-QTOF MS. Food Chem 2024; 442:138444. [PMID: 38242001 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Hongyuan (HY) yaks live in a pollution-free environment, making HY yak milk a green food, but their short milk production period and low milk yield make yak milk precious and expensive. The phenomenon of counterfeiting HY yak milk with ordinary milk from other origins has already occurred, so the authenticity assessment of HY yak milk is necessary. This study developed a rapid soft ionisation by chemical reaction in transfer quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SICRIT-QTOF MS) for HY yak milk differences assessment. Principal component analysis and orthogonal least squares discriminant analysis showed differences between HY milk and the other three origins. Twenty-eight differential compounds were screened out by variable importance in projection, fold change, P-value, and database matching. Furthermore, six characteristic compounds (proline, 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid, and l-isoleucine, etc.) of HY samples were putatively identified. The study demonstrated that SICRIT-QTOF MS has great potential for rapidly distinguishing the milk origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhang
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengjie Qie
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yalan Li
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kehong Liang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Koktavá M, Prysiazhnyi V, Preisler J, Bednařík A. Comparison of Cu +, Ag +, and Au + Ions as Ionization Agents of Volatile Organic Compounds at Subatmospheric Pressure. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:307-316. [PMID: 38265025 PMCID: PMC10853958 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ionization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by coinage metal ions (Cu+, Ag+, and Au+) generated by laser desorption and ionization (LDI) of a metal nanolayer in subatmospheric conditions is explored. The study was performed in a commercial subatmospheric dual MALDI/ESI ion source. Five compounds representing different VOC classes were chosen for a detailed study of the metal ionization mechanism: ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, xylene, and cyclohexane. In the gas phase, ion molecular complexes of all three metal ions were formed, typically with two ligand molecules. The successful detection of the metal complexes with VOCs strongly depended on the applied voltages across the ion source, minimizing the in-source fragmentation. The employed orbital trap with ultrahigh resolving power and sub-parts-per-million mass accuracy allowed unambiguous identification of the formed complexes based on their molecular formulas. The detection limits of the studied compounds in the gas were in the range 0.1-1.4 nmol/L. Compared to Cu+ and Ag+ ions, Au+ ions exhibited the highest reactivity, often complicating spectra by side products of reactions. On the other hand, they also allowed detecting saturated hydrocarbons, which did not produce any signals with Ag+ and Cu+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Koktavá
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vadym Prysiazhnyi
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Preisler
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Bednařík
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Heffernan D, Pilz M, Klein M, Haack M, Race AM, Brück T, Qoura F, Strittmatter N. Screening of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from liquid fungal cultures using ambient mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04769-6. [PMID: 37389599 PMCID: PMC10329071 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04769-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The potential of fungi for use as biotechnological factories in the production of a range of valuable metabolites, such as enzymes, terpenes, and volatile aroma compounds, is high. Unlike other microorganisms, fungi mostly secrete secondary metabolites into the culture medium, allowing for easy extraction and analysis. To date, the most commonly used technique in the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is gas chromatography, which is time and labour consuming. We propose an alternative ambient screening method that provides rapid chemical information for characterising the VOCs of filamentous fungi in liquid culture using a commercially available ambient dielectric barrier discharge ionisation (DBDI) source connected to a quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The effects of method parameters on measured peak intensities of a series of 8 selected aroma standards were optimised with the best conditions being selected for sample analysis. The developed method was then deployed to the screening of VOCs from samples of 13 fungal strains in three different types of complex growth media showing clear differences in VOC profiles across the different media, enabling determination of best culturing conditions for each compound-strain combination. Our findings underline the applicability of ambient DBDI for the direct detection and comparison of aroma compounds produced by filamentous fungi in liquid culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heffernan
- Department of Biosciences, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Melania Pilz
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Marco Klein
- Department of Biosciences, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Martina Haack
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Alan M Race
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Brück
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Farah Qoura
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
| | - Nicole Strittmatter
- Department of Biosciences, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany.
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4
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Weber M, Wolf JC, Haisch C. Effect of Dopants and Gas-Phase Composition on Ionization Behavior and Efficiency in Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:538-549. [PMID: 36827232 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cold plasma-based ionization techniques allow for soft ionization of a wide variety of chemical compounds. In this chemical ionization mechanism, the atmosphere plays a crucial role in ionization. Knowing its influence is critical for the optimization of analysis conditions and interpretation of resulting spectra. This study uses soft ionization by chemical reaction in transfer (SICRIT), a variant of dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI), that allows for a controlled atmosphere to investigate atmosphere and dopant effects. The influence of eight makeup gas compositions (dry nitrogen, room air, and nitrogen-enriched with either water, HCl, MeOH, hexane, NH3, and fluorobenzene) on the ionization with SICRIT was investigated. Fifteen compound classes, comprising alkanes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), terpenes, oxygen-containing terpenes, alkylphenols, chlorophenols, nitrophenols, trialkylamines, triazines, phthalates with or without ether groups, aldehydes, ketones, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), and polyoxy-methylene ethers (OMEs) were measured via gas chromatography SICRIT high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-SICRIT-HRMS). The different atmospheres were compared in terms of generated ions, ion intensities and fragmentation during ionization. Measurements of reactant ions were performed for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. All 15 compound classes were mostly softly ionized. For most compound classes and atmospheres, protonation is the dominant ionization mode. The highest number of compounds ionized via protonation was observed in dry nitrogen, followed by room air and humid nitrogen. The study should work as a guideline for the choice of atmosphere for specific compound classes and the interpretation of spectra generated under a specific atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weber
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Plasmion GmbH, 86167 Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Haisch
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
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5
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Mirabelli MF. Direct Coupling of SPME to Mass Spectrometry. EVOLUTION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY 2023:290-314. [DOI: 10.1039/bk9781839167300-00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction devices are normally analyzed by gas or liquid chromatography. Their use has become increasingly widespread since their introduction in 1990, and nowadays most analytical laboratories use or have used SPME as an efficient and green method to perform analyte extraction and sample clean-up in one step. The SPME technique is intrinsically flexible, and allows for a high degree of optimization with regard to the extracting phase, as well as the way sample is analyzed. Since its introduction, researchers have been trying different ways to transfer analytes extracted from the solid phase to a mass spectrometer, with the aim to increase throughput and reduce solvent, gas usage and costs associated with conventional chromatographic techniques. Furthermore, but not less important, for pure fun of developing new, more efficient and sensitive analytical strategies! This chapter aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the most relevant non-chromatographic mass spectrometric approaches developed for SPME. Technical aspects of each SPME-MS approach will be discussed, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages and future potential developments. Particular emphasis will be given on the most recent direct coupling approaches using novel ionization approaches, and a concise overview of the existing applications will also be provided.
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6
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Weidner L, Hemmler D, Rychlik M, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Real-Time Monitoring of Miniaturized Thermal Food Processing by Advanced Mass Spectrometric Techniques. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1694-1702. [PMID: 36602426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is a popular and powerful analytical tool to study the effects of food processing. Industrial sampling, real-life sampling, or challenging academic research on process-related volatile and aerosol research often demand flexible, time-sensitive data acquisition by state-of-the-art mass analyzers. Here, we show a laboratory-scaled, miniaturized, and highly controllable setup for the online monitoring of aerosols and volatiles from thermal food processing based on dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) mass spectrometry (MS). We demonstrate the opportunities offered by the setup from a foodomics perspective to study emissions from the thermal processing of wheat bread rolls at 210 °C by Fourier transformation ion cyclotron resonance MS. As DBDI is an emerging technology, we compared its ionization selectivity to established atmospheric pressure ionization tools: we found DBDI preferably ionizes saturated, nitrogenous compounds. We likewise identified a sustainable overlap in the selectivity of detected analytes with APCI and electrospray ionization (ESI). Further, we dynamically recorded chemical fingerprints throughout the thermal process. Unsupervised classification of temporal response patterns was used to describe the dynamic nature of the reaction system. Compared to established tools for real-time MS, our setup permits one to monitor chemical changes during thermal food processing at ultrahigh resolution, establishing an advanced perspective for real-time mass spectrometric analysis of food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Weidner
- Comprehensive Foodomics Platform, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hemmler
- Comprehensive Foodomics Platform, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Comprehensive Foodomics Platform, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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7
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Ayala-Cabrera JF, Montero L, Meckelmann SW, Uteschil F, Schmitz OJ. Review on atmospheric pressure ionization sources for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Part II: Current applications. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1238:340379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Basham V, Hancock T, McKendrick J, Tessarolo N, Wicking C. Detailed chemical analysis of a fully formulated oil using dielectric barrier discharge ionisation-mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9320. [PMID: 35484791 PMCID: PMC9286547 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Fully formulated oils (FFOs) are integral to automotive lubrication; however, detailed compositional analysis is challenging due to high levels of chemical complexity. In particular, existing mass spectrometric approaches often target particular FFO components, leading to poor analytical coverage of the overall formulation, with increased overheads and analytical timescales. METHODS Herein we report the application of a commercially available SICRIT SC-20 dielectric barrier discharge ionisation (DBDI) source and Thermo Fisher Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL to the analysis of an FFO. Nitrogen was used as a discharge gas for the DBDI source, and was modified using a range of commonplace solvents to tailor the experimental conditions for the analysis of various components. RESULTS The reported method allowed analysis of a range of FFO components of interest, encompassing a wide range of chemistries, in under 1 min. By modifying the discharge gas used for ionisation, experiments could be optimised for the analysis of particular FFO components across positive and negative ion modes. In particular, use of water vapour as a discharge gas modifier with positive ion mode mass spectrometry permitted concomitant analysis of antioxidants and base oil hydrocarbons. Furthermore, case studies of selected linear alkanes and alkenes profile the differences in the range of ions formed across these saturated and unsaturated aliphatic compounds, giving insight into the fate of base oil hydrocarbons in FFO analyses. CONCLUSIONS A rapid method for analysis of FFO compositions has been developed and provides coverage of a range of components of interest. The results indicate that the method presented may be of utility in analysis of other FFOs or similarly challenging complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Basham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights CampusUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | | | - John McKendrick
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights CampusUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
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9
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Bouza M, García-Martínez J, Gilbert-López B, Moreno-González D, Rocío-Bautista P, Parras-Guijarro D, Sánchez-Vizcaino A, Brandt S, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A, Franzke J. Liquid Chromatography-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the analysis of neutral lipids of archaeological interest. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3105-3114. [PMID: 35801641 PMCID: PMC9544991 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge ionization has gained attention in the last few years due to its versatility and the vast array of molecules that can be ionized. In this study, we report on the assessment of liquid chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization with mass spectrometry for neutral lipid analysis. A set of different neutral lipid subclasses (triacylglycerides, diacylglycerides, and sterols) were selected for the study. The main species detected from our ionization source were [M‐H2O+H]+, [M+H]+ or [M‐R‐H2O+H]+, attributed to sterol dehydration, protonation or the fragmentation of an acyl chain accompanied by a water loss of the glycerolipids, respectively. In terms of sensitivity, the dielectric barrier discharge displayed overall improved abundances and comparable or better limits of quantitation than atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for both acylglycerols and sterols. As a case study, different archaeological samples with variable content in neutral lipids, particularly triacylglycerides, were studied. The identification was carried out by combining accurate mass and the tentative formula associated with the exact mass, retention time matching with standards, and additional structural information from in‐source fragmentation. The high degree of unsaturation and the presence of sterols revealed the potential vegetal origin of the material stored in the analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Bouza
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Julio García-Martínez
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Moreno-González
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Priscilla Rocío-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Parras-Guijarro
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Vizcaino
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Sebastian Brandt
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Joachim Franzke
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
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10
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Cody RB. Aperture Size Influences Oxidation in Positive-Ion Nitrogen Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1329-1334. [PMID: 35679328 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) mass spectrometry commonly uses helium as the DART gas. With the looming helium shortage, other gases are being evaluated for DART. Nitrogen is inexpensive and readily available, making it a desirable alternative. However, NO+ reagent ions present in positive-ion nitrogen DART result in extensive oxidation for many compounds. The DART source uses a ceramic insulator cap to protect the operator from electrical shock. The most common cap has an aperture with a 2.5 mm inner diameter, through which the gas exits the DART source. By using a cap with a narrow (0.5 mm) ID, oxidation can be significantly reduced for nitrogen DART. The 0.5 mm cap is hypothesized to reduce back-diffusion of atmospheric oxygen into the DART source, with a reduction in the relative abundance of NO+ and increase in the relative abundance of [(H2O)2 + H]+ as the reactive species responsible for ionization of the analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Cody
- JEOL USA Inc 11 Dearborn Road, Peabody, Massachusetts 01960, United States
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11
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Wang K, Xu Z. Comparison of freshly squeezed, Non-thermally and thermally processed orange juice based on traditional quality characters, untargeted metabolomics, and volatile overview. Food Chem 2022; 373:131430. [PMID: 34731802 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The NOVA food classification system, divides foods into four categories, namely unprocessed and minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients, processed foods, and ultra-processed foods. With the recently increasing pursuit of healthy diets, special attention to minimally processed foods has become crucial. According to NOVA, freshly squeezed, high pressure processing (HPP) and pasteurized orange juice are minimally processed foods. In this study, the differences in the quality and composition of these minimally processed juice are explored, as it was found that their traditional quality characteristics were too weak to illustrate their difference. However, based on untargeted metabolomics, two differential compounds were identified between freshly squeezed and HPP orange juice, in addition to 15 differential compounds between freshly squeezed and pasteurized orange juice. Moreover, all the pasteurized orange juice in this study was deemed to be out of the acceptance area of freshly squeezed and HPP orange juice in a data-driven soft independent modeling of class analogy (dd-SIMCA) model based on volatile overview. The results of this study provide data for clarifying the compositional differences between minimally processed juice for their further subclassification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewen Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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12
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Li D, Li Z, Xu B, Chen J, Xue J, Hu S, Wen L, Guo L, Xie J, Jiang G. Thermal desorption bridged the gap between dielectric barrier discharge ionization and dried plasma spot samples for sensitive and rapid detection of fentanyl analogs in mass spectrometry. Analyst 2022; 147:4187-4196. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00946c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Guided by finite element simulations and 3D-printing, we constructed a semi-covered flat-TD surface for sufficient thermal desorption and ionization of fentanyl analogs from dried plasma/blood spot samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- National Anti-Drug Laboratory Beijing Regional Center, Beijing 100164, China
| | - Zehua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jinjuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shundi Hu
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Luhong Wen
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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