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Ahmed SA, Manna P, Borah JC. Stachydrine, a pyrrole alkaloid with promising therapeutic potential against metabolic syndrome and associated organ dysfunction. RSC Med Chem 2024:d4md00425f. [PMID: 39290386 PMCID: PMC11403578 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a multifaceted condition marked by interconnected risk factors, significantly increasing the risk of serious diseases like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and stroke. Effective management often demands new medications due to complexity of the conditions and limitations of current treatments. Natural compounds are increasingly recognized in drug discovery due to their vast chemical diversity, commercial availability, low cost, and minimal side effects. One such compound is stachydrine (STA), also known as proline betaine or N-dimethyl proline. This simple pyrrole alkaloid is a major constituent of the genus Leonurus and the family Lamiaceae, and it shows promise due to its potential therapeutic properties. A comprehensive review of the literature, sourced from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, SciFinder, and Google Scholar, has provided extensive information on the sources, chemistry, biosynthesis, derivatives, molecular targets, biological activities, bioavailability, and toxicity of STA. This review highlights numerous in vitro and in vivo studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of STA in various therapeutic areas, including anti-obesity, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, and cardiovascular protection, among others. The wide range of biological activities of STA is attributed to its influence on multiple molecular targets and signaling pathways, such as ACE/AngII/AT1R-TGFβ1, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, AKT/ERK, AMPK/CAMKKβ/LKB1, CaMKII/PLN, etc. which are critical in the development and progression of metabolic syndrome. Additionally, this review addresses limitations related to the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of STA. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of STA as a therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome and related disorders, suggesting that further clinical investigation is warranted to fully understand and utilize its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semim Akhtar Ahmed
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science & Technology Guwahati-781035 Assam India +91 361 2273063 +91 361 2273061
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam 785006 India +91 376 2370011 +91 376 2370012
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Jagat Chandra Borah
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science & Technology Guwahati-781035 Assam India +91 361 2273063 +91 361 2273061
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Guwahati Guwahati-781101 Assam India
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Wang P, Liang X, Fang H, Wang J, Liu X, Li Y, Shi K. Transcriptomic and genetic approaches reveal that the pipecolate biosynthesis pathway simultaneously regulates tomato fruit ripening and quality. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107920. [PMID: 37527607 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Pipecolic acid (Pip) and N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) have been found to accumulate during the ripening of multiple types of fruits; however, the function and mechanism of pipecolate pathway in fruits remain unclear. Here study was conducted on fruits produced by the model plant tomato, wherein the NHP biosynthesis-related genes, Slald1 and Slfmo1, were mutated. The results showed that the fruits of both the Slald1 and the Slfmo1 mutants exhibited a delayed onset of ripening, decreased fruit size, nutrition and flavor. Exogenous treatment with Pip and NHP promoted fruit ripening and improved fruit quality. Transcriptomic analysis combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the genes involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids, carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction were affected by SlFMO1 gene mutation. Transcription factor prediction analysis revealed that the NAC and AP2/ERF-ERF family members are notably involved in the regulation pathway. Overall, our results suggest that the pipecolate biosynthesis pathway is involved in the simultaneous regulation of fruit ripening and quality and indicate that a regulatory mechanism at the transcriptional level exists. However, possible roles of endogenously synthesized Pip and NHP in these processes remain to be determined. The biosynthesis pathway genes SlALD1 and SlFMO1 may be potential breeding targets for promoting fruit ripening and improving fruit quality with concomitant yield increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572025, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572025, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Su D, Chen J, Du S, Kim H, Yu B, Wong KE, Boerwinkle E, Rebholz CM. Metabolomic Markers of Ultra-Processed Food and Incident CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 18:327-336. [PMID: 36735499 PMCID: PMC10103271 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High ultra-processed food consumption is associated with higher risk of CKD. However, there is no biomarker for ultra-processed food, and the mechanism through which ultra-processed food is associated with CKD is not clear. Metabolomics can provide objective biomarkers of ultra-processed food and provide important insights into the mechanisms by which ultra-processed food is associated with risk of incident CKD. Our objective was to identify serum metabolites associated with ultra-processed food consumption and investigate whether ultra-processed food-associated metabolites are prospectively associated with incident CKD. METHODS We used data from 3751 Black and White men and women (aged 45-64 years) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative 66-item food frequency questionnaire, and ultra-processed food was classified using the NOVA classification system. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify the association between 359 metabolites and ultra-processed food consumption. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the prospective association of ultra-processed food-associated metabolites with incident CKD. RESULTS Twelve metabolites (saccharine, homostachydrine, stachydrine, N2, N2-dimethylguanosine, catechol sulfate, caffeine, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate, theobromine, docosahexaenoate, glucose, mannose, and bradykinin) were significantly associated with ultra-processed food consumption after controlling for false discovery rate <0.05 and adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, eGFR, and total energy intake. The 12 ultra-processed food-related metabolites significantly improved the prediction of ultra-processed food consumption (difference in C statistics: 0.069, P <1×10 -16 ). Higher levels of mannose, glucose, and N2, N2-dimethylguanosine were associated with higher risk of incident CKD after a median follow-up of 23 years. CONCLUSIONS We identified 12 serum metabolites associated with ultra-processed food consumption and three of them were positively associated with incident CKD. Mannose and N2, N2-dimethylguanosine are novel markers of CKD that may explain observed associations between ultra-processed food and CKD. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_03_08_CJN08480722.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghan Su
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shutong Du
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Al-Rooqi MM, Ullah Mughal E, Raja QA, Obaid RJ, Sadiq A, Naeem N, Qurban J, Asghar BH, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA. Recent advancements on the synthesis and biological significance of pipecolic acid and its derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang B, Zhao X, Zhang B, Cui Y, Nueraihemaiti M, Kou Q, Luo H. Assessment of components related to flavor and taste in Tan-lamb meat under different silage-feeding regimens using integrative metabolomics. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100269. [PMID: 35252839 PMCID: PMC8892073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two untargeted metabolomics approaches based on gas chromatography mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify the effects of different feeding regimes (concentrate, corn silage, alfalfa silage, mulberry leaf silage) on the potential meat flavor and taste components of Tan-lamb. Among 31 identified volatiles, hexanal was affected by the alfalfa silage diet, and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid was changed by the mulberry leaf silage diet. l-Pipecolic acid (area under the curve = 1, fold change = 0.18-0.48) and trimethylamine N-oxide (area under the curve = 1, fold change = 5.26-22.84) was the potential best discriminant biomarker under alfalfa silage and concentrate feeding, respectively. The hydrophilic components were more readily changed by feeding regimes than volatile flavor compounds. Our findings are helpful for the illustration of Tan-lamb meat chemistry and producing high-quality lamb meat with improved flavor and taste by corn silage, alfalfa silage, or mulberry leaf silage.
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Key Words
- AS, alfalfa silage-based diet
- AUC, area under the curve
- CON, concentrate-based diet
- CS, corn silage-based diet
- DFMs, differential metabolites
- DVCs, differential volatile metabolites
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- FC, fold change
- Foodomics
- GC-MS, gas chromatograph-mass spectrograph
- IDA, information dependent acquisition
- IMF, intramuscular fat
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MS, mulberry leaf silage-based diet
- OPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLS-DA, partial least squares discriminant analysis
- QC, quality control
- RI, retention index
- SPME, solid-phase microextraction
- TMAO, Trimethylamine N-oxide
- Tan lamb meat
- UHPLC-QTOF-MS
- UHPLC-QTOF-MS, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- VIP, variable importance in the projection
- Volatiles
- Water-soluble flavor precursors
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xingang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yimeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muzaipaier Nueraihemaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Qifang Kou
- Ningxia Hongsipu District Tianyuan Liangzhong Sheep Breeding Co., Ltd., Wuzhong 751999, PR China
| | - Hailing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Plasma Metabolite Response to Simple, Refined and Unrefined Carbohydrate-Enriched Diets in Older Adults-Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060547. [PMID: 35736480 PMCID: PMC9229237 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Food intake data collected using subjective tools are prone to inaccuracies and biases. An objective assessment of food intake, such as metabolomic profiling, may offer a more accurate method if unique metabolites can be identified. To explore this option, we used samples generated from a randomized and controlled cross-over trial during which participants (N = 10; 65 ± 8 year, BMI, 29.8 ± 3.2 kg/m2) consumed each of the three diets enriched in different types of carbohydrate. Plasma metabolite concentrations were measured at the end of each diet phase using gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Participants were provided, in random order, with diets enriched in three carbohydrate types (simple carbohydrate (SC), refined carbohydrate (RC) and unrefined carbohydrate (URC)) for 4.5 weeks per phase and separated by two-week washout periods. Data were analyzed using partial least square-discrimination analysis, receiver operating characteristics (ROC curve) and hierarchical analysis. Among the known metabolites, 3-methylhistidine, phenylethylamine, cysteine, betaine and pipecolic acid were identified as biomarkers in the URC diet compared to the RC diet, and the later three metabolites were differentiated and compared to SC diet. Hierarchical analysis indicated that the plasma metabolites at the end of each diet phase were more strongly clustered by the participant than the carbohydrate type. Hence, although differences in plasma metabolite concentrations were observed after participants consumed diets differing in carbohydrate type, individual variation was a stronger predictor of plasma metabolite concentrations than dietary carbohydrate type. These findings limited the potential of metabolic profiling to address this variable.
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Ribeiro LDO, de Freitas BP, Lorentino CMA, Frota HF, dos Santos ALS, Moreira DDL, do Amaral BS, Jung EP, Kunigami CN. Umbu Fruit Peel as Source of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and α-Amylase Inhibitor Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:410. [PMID: 35056726 PMCID: PMC8781721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the extraction of bioactive compounds from umbu fruit peel was optimized using thermal-assisted solid-liquid extraction. In parallel, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and inhibitory effects against α-amylase of optimized extract were also evaluated. The combination of operational conditions including the temperature (32-74 °C), ethanol concentration (13-97%), and solid/liquid ratio (1:10-1:60; w/v) was employed using a rotational central composite design for optimization. The extracts were evaluated for total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC) and antioxidant capacity by ABTS•+, DPPH• and FRAP assays. The bioactive profile of the optimized extract was obtained by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry in electrospray ionization in both negative and positive modes. The statistically evaluated results showed that the optimal operational conditions for the recovery of bioactive compounds from umbu fruit peel included 74 °C, 37% ethanol, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:38. Under these conditions, the obtained values were 1985 mg GAE/100 g, 1364 mg RE/100 g, 122 µmol TE/g, 174 µmol/TE g and 468 µmol Fe2+/g for TPC, TFC, ABTS•+, DPPH•, and FRAP assays, respectively. In addition, the optimized extract was effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MBC ranged from 0.060 to 0.24 mg GAE/mL), as well as it was effective to inhibit α-amylase (IC50 value of 0.076 mg GAE/mL). The optimized extract showed to be mainly constituted by phenolic acids and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilson de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Organic and Inorganic Chemical Analysis, National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (E.P.J.); (C.N.K.)
| | | | - Carolline Margot Albanez Lorentino
- Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.M.A.L.); (H.F.F.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Heloisa Freire Frota
- Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.M.A.L.); (H.F.F.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - André Luis Souza dos Santos
- Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (C.M.A.L.); (H.F.F.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden Research Institute, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, Brazil;
| | - Bruno Sérgio do Amaral
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, São Paulo 05110-000, Brazil;
| | - Eliane Przytyk Jung
- Laboratory of Organic and Inorganic Chemical Analysis, National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (E.P.J.); (C.N.K.)
| | - Claudete Norie Kunigami
- Laboratory of Organic and Inorganic Chemical Analysis, National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, Brazil; (E.P.J.); (C.N.K.)
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Organic dragon fruits (Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus) grown at the same edaphoclimatic conditions: Comparison of phenolic and organic acids profiles and antioxidant activities. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Huang S, Ma Q, Hou Q, Zuo T, Zhang Z, Ni W. Identification and quantitative chemical analysis of betaines in different organic wastes and their bioconversion composts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 328:124857. [PMID: 33631462 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global organic waste is increasing, bioconversion of organic waste arises because it can recover valuable nutrients and produce bioactive substances. Betaines are important bioactive substances in plants under environmental stress, but have received limited attention in vermicompost/larvae bioconversion compost. In this study, betaines in organic waste and vermicompost/larvae bioconversion compost were identified and quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. We observed the existence of glutamine betaine in all samples, which was first found in natural sources recently. Valine betaine was the highest among all detected betaines followed by GABA betaine, and both were rare in plants. The existence of tyrosine betaine in cow dung (CD) and vermicompost (CDV) was found, which was previously shown to be in fungi. Most importantly, we found larvae bioconversion could increase betaines by 5.56-99.75%, while vermicomposting decreased them. Bioconversion of larvae can effectively increase betaines in compost and can be used to produce potential novel functional organic fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiong Hou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Zuo
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wuzhong Ni
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Alotaibi F, Alharbi S, Alotaibi M, Al Mosallam M, Motawei M, Alrajhi A. Wheat omics: Classical breeding to new breeding technologies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:1433-1444. [PMID: 33613071 PMCID: PMC7878716 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is an important cereal crop, and its significance is more due to compete for dietary products in the world. Many constraints facing by the wheat crop due to environmental hazardous, biotic, abiotic stress and heavy matters factors, as a result, decrease the yield. Understanding the molecular mechanism related to these factors is significant to figure out genes regulate under specific conditions. Classical breeding using hybridization has been used to increase the yield but not prospered at the desired level. With the development of newly emerging technologies in biological sciences i.e., marker assisted breeding (MAB), QTLs mapping, mutation breeding, proteomics, metabolomics, next-generation sequencing (NGS), RNA_sequencing, transcriptomics, differential expression genes (DEGs), computational resources and genome editing techniques i.e. (CRISPR cas9; Cas13) advances in the field of omics. Application of new breeding technologies develops huge data; considerable development is needed in bioinformatics science to interpret the data. However, combined omics application to address physiological questions linked with genetics is still a challenge. Moreover, viroid discovery opens the new direction for research, economics, and target specification. Comparative genomics important to figure gene of interest processes are further discussed about considering the identification of genes, genomic loci, and biochemical pathways linked with stress resilience in wheat. Furthermore, this review extensively discussed the omics approaches and their effective use. Integrated plant omics technologies have been used viroid genomes associated with CRISPR and CRISPR-associated Cas13a proteins system used for engineering of viroid interference along with high-performance multidimensional phenotyping as a significant limiting factor for increasing stress resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alotaibi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saif Alharbi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alotaibi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mobarak Al Mosallam
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah Alrajhi
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Cautela D, De Sio F, Balestrieri ML, Casale R, Laratta B, Castaldo D, Pastore A, Servillo L, DʼOnofrio N. Amino acids, betaines and related ammonium compounds in Neapolitan limmo, a Mediterranean sweet lime, also known as lemoncetta Locrese. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:981-988. [PMID: 32761816 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The so-called 'Neapolitan limmo' or 'lemoncetta Locrese' is an old and now rare Mediterranean sweet lime, similar to lemon but smaller. It is a fruit distinguished from orange, lemon, mandarin, and lime for its sweeter, watery, and non-acidic taste, with a pH between 5.6 and 5.9. No compositional studies are currently available for this citrus fruit. Here we report, for the first time, the distribution in the limmo juice of free amino acids and their main derivatives such as betaines and related ammonium compounds. RESULTS Seven proteinogenic amino acids (proline, asparagine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamine, alanine, and threonine) and a non-protein amino acid (γ-aminobutyric acid) characterize Neapolitan limmo juice. Proline betaine is the predominant betaine. The data were compared with those of other important citrus juices. CONCLUSION The specific 'taste quality' of Neapolitan limmo juice can be attributed to its peculiar composition in amino acids. The species-specific presence of the ammonium compound derivatives of the amino acid proline, with proline betaine as the predominant betaine, characterize the non-acidic varieties of Mediterranean sweet lime. Our study constitutes an important step towards the repopulation of this ancient plant and its exploitation in food industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Cautela
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei Derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA) - Azienda Speciale CCIAA di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sio
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Conserve Alimentari (SSICA) - Fondazione di Ricerca CCIAA di Parma, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Casale
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Bruna Laratta
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Castaldo
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei Derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA) - Azienda Speciale CCIAA di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e ProdALscarl, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE), Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia DʼOnofrio
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Popel S, Epifanov P, Yushan L. Factors affecting the quality of apple juice. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213406011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reflects the research of technological factors of production that affect the quality of apple juice: temperature and time of sterilization, the influence of the type of used wort: gravity or a mixture of gravity and press fraction; the waiting time of the wort before the first heat treatment; as well as the presence of preheating. Regression equations have been developed that link the studied parameters and indicators of juice quality. The quantitative values of the characteristics of apple juice in the stated ranges, depending on the studied parameters, can be calculated by substituting the corresponding values in natural units into the developed regression equations.
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13
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Nishiyama M, Nakamichi N, Yoshimura T, Masuo Y, Komori T, Ishimoto T, Matsuo JI, Kato Y. Homostachydrine is a Xenobiotic Substrate of OCTN1/SLC22A4 and Potentially Sensitizes Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Mice. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2664-2678. [PMID: 32844295 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the underlying mechanism of epilepsy is desired since some patients fail to control their seizures. The carnitine/organic cation transporter OCTN1/SLC22A4 is expressed in brain neurons and transports food-derived antioxidant ergothioneine (ERGO), L-carnitine, and spermine, all of which may be associated with epilepsy. This study aimed to clarify the possible association of this transporter with epileptic seizures. In both pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced acute seizure and kindling models, ocnt1 gene knockout mice (octn1-/-) showed lower seizure scores compared with wild-type mice. Up-regulation of the epilepsy-related genes, c-fos and Arc, and the neurotrophic factor BDNF following PTZ administration was observed in the hippocampus of wild-type, but not octn1-/- mice. To find the OCTN1 substrate associated with the seizure, untargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was conducted on extracts from the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and plasma of both strains, leading to the identification of a plant alkaloid homostachydrine as a compound present in a lower concentration in octn1-/- mice. OCTN1-mediated uptake of deuterium-labeled homostachydrine was confirmed in OCTN1-transfected HEK293 cells, suggesting that this compound is a substrate of OCTN1. Homostachydrine administration increased PTZ-induced acute seizure scores and the expression of Arc in the hippocampus and that of Arc, Egr1, and BDNF in the frontal cortex. Conversely, administration of the OCTN1 substrate/inhibitor ERGO inhibited PTZ-induced kindling and reduced the plasma homostachydrine concentration. Thus, these results suggest that OCTN1 is at least partially associated with PTZ-induced seizures, which is potentially deteriorated by treatment with homostachydrine, a newly identified food-derived OCTN1 substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nishiyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Noritaka Nakamichi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan. .,Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshimura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Masuo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tomoe Komori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Matsuo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Zhao S, Liu H, Su Z, Khoo C, Gu L. Identifying Cranberry Juice Consumers with Predictive OPLS‐DA Models of Plasma Metabolome and Validation of Cranberry Juice Intake Biomarkers in a Double‐Blinded, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Cross‐Over Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901242. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Zhao
- Food Science and Human Nutrition DepartmentInstitute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. Lakeville‐Middleboro MA 02349 USA
| | - Zhihua Su
- Department of StatisticsCollege of Liberal Arts and SciencesUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Christina Khoo
- Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. Lakeville‐Middleboro MA 02349 USA
| | - Liwei Gu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition DepartmentInstitute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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15
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Filho FO, Silva EDO, Lopes MMDA, Ribeiro PRV, Oster AH, Guedes JAC, Zampieri DDS, Bordallo PDN, Zocolo GJ. Effect of pulsed light on postharvest disease control-related metabolomic variation in melon (Cucumis melo) artificially inoculated with Fusarium pallidoroseum. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0220097. [PMID: 32310943 PMCID: PMC7170254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed light, as a postharvest technology, is an alternative to traditional fungicides, and can be used on a wide variety of fruit and vegetables for sanitization or pathogen control. In addition to these applications, other effects also are detected in vegetal cells, including changes in metabolism and secondary metabolite production, which directly affect disease control response mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate pulsed ultraviolet light in controlling postharvest rot, caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum in 'Spanish' melon, in natura, and its implications in disease control as a function of metabolomic variation to fungicidal or fungistatic effects. The dose of pulsed light (PL) that inhibited F. pallidoroseum growth in melons (Cucumis melo var. Spanish) was 9 KJ m-2. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight (QTOF) mass analyzer identified 12 compounds based on tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation patterns. Chemometric analysis by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squared Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and corresponding S-Plot were used to evaluate the changes in fruit metabolism. PL technology provided protection against postharvest disease in melons, directly inhibiting the growth of F. pallidoroseum through the upregulation of specific fruit biomarkers such as pipecolic acid (11), saponarin (7), and orientin (3), which acted as major markers for the defense system against pathogens. PL can thus be proposed as a postharvest technology to prevent chemical fungicides and may be applied to reduce the decay of melon quality during its export and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Oiram Filho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ebenézer de Oliveira Silva
- Multiuser Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, EMBRAPA Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mônica Maria de Almeida Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Andréia Hansen Oster
- Post Harvest Laboratory, EMBRAPA Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jhonyson Arruda Carvalho Guedes
- Department of Analytical and Physical-Chemical Chemistry, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Dávila de Souza Zampieri
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Julião Zocolo
- Multiuser Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, EMBRAPA Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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16
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Review of Analytical Methods to Detect Adulteration in Coffee. J AOAC Int 2020; 103:295-305. [DOI: 10.1093/jaocint/qsz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As one of the most consumed beverages in the world, coffee plays many major socioeconomical roles in various regions. Because of the wide coffee varieties available in the marketplaces, and the substantial price gaps between them (e.g., Arabica versus Robusta; speciality versus commodity coffees), coffees are susceptible to intentional or accidental adulteration. Therefore, there is a sustaining interest from the producers and regulatory agents to develop protocols to detect fraudulent practices. In general, strategies to authenticate coffee are based on targeted chemical profile analyses to determine specific markers of adulterants, or nontargeted analyses based on the “fingerprinting” concept. This paper reviews the literature related to chemometric approaches to discriminate coffees based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chromatography, infrared/Raman spectroscopy, and array sensors/indicators. In terms of chemical profiling, the paper focuses on the detection of diterpenes, homostachydrine, phenolic acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, and deoxyribonucleic acid. Finally, the prospects of coffee authentication are discussed.
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17
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Tuomainen M, Kärkkäinen O, Leppänen J, Auriola S, Lehtonen M, Savolainen MJ, Hermansen K, Risérus U, Åkesson B, Thorsdottir I, Kolehmainen M, Uusitupa M, Poutanen K, Schwab U, Hanhineva K. Quantitative assessment of betainized compounds and associations with dietary and metabolic biomarkers in the randomized study of the healthy Nordic diet (SYSDIET). Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:1108-1118. [PMID: 31504116 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a group of betainized compounds have been suggested to play a role in health effects in relation to a whole-grain-rich diet. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to develop a quantitative mass spectrometric method for selected betainized compounds in human plasma, and to investigate their association with nutrient intake and measures of metabolic health in participants of the SYSDIET study. METHODS The SYSDIET study was a controlled randomized intervention including individuals with metabolic syndrome, where the healthy Nordic diet (HND) group increased intakes of whole grains, canola oil, berries, and fish, whereas the control diet (CD) group consumed low-fiber cereal products, milk fat, and restricted amounts of fish and berries. A quantitative LC combined with triple quadrupole MS method for betainized compounds was developed and applied to fasting plasma samples from baseline (week 0) and the end of the intervention (week 18 or 24). Concentrations of betainized compounds were correlated with intakes of selected nutrients and fiber and measures of metabolic health. RESULTS Pipecolic acid betaine (PAB) concentrations were significantly higher in the HND group than in the CD group (P = 0.00032) at the end of the intervention and correlated directly (P < 0.0001) with intakes of dietary fiber (r = 0.376) and a biomarker related to whole-grain rye intake, namely the ratio of alkylresorcinol C17:0 to C21:0 (r = 0.442). PAB was associated inversely with fasting plasma insulin consistently at the beginning and at the end of the intervention (P < 0.001, r = -0.300; P < 0.01, r = -0.250, respectively), as well as IL-1 receptor antagonist (P < 0.01, r = -0.232 at the beginning; P < 0.01, r = -0.236 at the end) and serum LDL/HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01, r = -0.239 at the beginning; P < 0.01, r = -0.241 at the end). CONCLUSIONS Among adults with the metabolic syndrome, PAB plasma concentrations were associated with fasting insulin, inflammation, and lipids and were significantly increased with adoption of the HND. Further studies are needed to clarify the biological functions of betainized compounds. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Leppänen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Medical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, University of Iceland and Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa Poutanen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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18
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Wellington N, Shanmuganathan M, de Souza RJ, Zulyniak MA, Azab S, Bloomfield J, Mell A, Ly R, Desai D, Anand SS, Britz-McKibbin P. Metabolic Trajectories Following Contrasting Prudent and Western Diets from Food Provisions: Identifying Robust Biomarkers of Short-Term Changes in Habitual Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102407. [PMID: 31600930 PMCID: PMC6835357 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence has linked unhealthy eating patterns with an alarming increase in obesity and chronic disease worldwide. However, existing methods of assessing dietary intake in nutritional epidemiology rely on food frequency questionnaires or dietary records that are prone to bias and selective reporting. Herein, metabolic phenotyping was performed on 42 healthy participants from the Diet and Gene Intervention (DIGEST) pilot study, a parallel two-arm randomized clinical trial that provided complete diets to all participants. Matching single-spot urine and fasting plasma specimens were collected at baseline, and then following two weeks of either a Prudent or Western diet with a weight-maintaining menu plan designed by a dietician. Targeted and nontargeted metabolite profiling was conducted using three complementary analytical platforms, where 80 plasma metabolites and 84 creatinine-normalized urinary metabolites were reliably measured (CV < 30%) in the majority of participants (>75%) after implementing a rigorous data workflow for metabolite authentication with stringent quality control. We classified a panel of metabolites with distinctive trajectories following two weeks of food provisions when using complementary univariate and multivariate statistical models. Unknown metabolites associated with contrasting dietary patterns were identified with high-resolution MS/MS, as well as co-elution after spiking with authentic standards if available. Overall, 3-methylhistidine and proline betaine concentrations increased in both plasma and urine samples after participants were assigned a Prudent diet (q < 0.05) with a corresponding decrease in the Western diet group. Similarly, creatinine-normalized urinary imidazole propionate, hydroxypipecolic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and enterolactone glucuronide, as well as plasma ketoleucine and ketovaline increased with a Prudent diet (p < 0.05) after adjustments for age, sex, and BMI. In contrast, plasma myristic acid, linoelaidic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, alanine, proline, carnitine, and deoxycarnitine, as well as urinary acesulfame K increased among participants following a Western diet. Most metabolites were also correlated (r > ± 0.30, p < 0.05) to changes in the average intake of specific nutrients from self-reported diet records reflecting good adherence to assigned food provisions. Our study revealed robust biomarkers sensitive to short-term changes in habitual diet, which is needed for accurate monitoring of healthy eating patterns in free-living populations, and evidence-based public health policies for chronic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Wellington
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Meera Shanmuganathan
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
| | - Michael A Zulyniak
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.
| | - Sandi Azab
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Jonathon Bloomfield
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Alicia Mell
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Ritchie Ly
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Dipika Desai
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada.
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
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19
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Hartmann M, Zeier J. l-lysine metabolism to N-hydroxypipecolic acid: an integral immune-activating pathway in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:5-21. [PMID: 30035374 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
l-lysine catabolic routes in plants include the saccharopine pathway to α-aminoadipate and decarboxylation of lysine to cadaverine. The current review will cover a third l-lysine metabolic pathway having a major role in plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to pathogen infection that was recently discovered in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this pathway, the aminotransferase AGD2-like defense response protein (ALD1) α-transaminates l-lysine and generates cyclic dehydropipecolic (DP) intermediates that are subsequently reduced to pipecolic acid (Pip) by the reductase SAR-deficient 4 (SARD4). l-pipecolic acid, which occurs ubiquitously in the plant kingdom, is further N-hydroxylated to the systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-activating metabolite N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) by flavin-dependent monooxygenase1 (FMO1). N-hydroxypipecolic acid induces the expression of a set of major plant immune genes to enhance defense readiness, amplifies resistance responses, acts synergistically with the defense hormone salicylic acid, promotes the hypersensitive cell death response and primes plants for effective immune mobilization in cases of future pathogen challenge. This pathogen-inducible NHP biosynthetic pathway is activated at the transcriptional level and involves feedback amplification. Apart from FMO1, some cytochrome P450 monooxygenases involved in secondary metabolism catalyze N-hydroxylation reactions in plants. In specific taxa, pipecolic acid might also serve as a precursor in the biosynthesis of specialized natural products, leading to C-hydroxylated and otherwise modified piperidine derivatives, including indolizidine alkaloids. Finally, we show that NHP is glycosylated in Arabidopsis to form a hexose-conjugate, and then discuss open questions in Pip/NHP-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hartmann
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zeier
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Ecophysiology of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Münger LH, Garcia-Aloy M, Vázquez-Fresno R, Gille D, Rosana ARR, Passerini A, Soria-Florido MT, Pimentel G, Sajed T, Wishart DS, Andres Lacueva C, Vergères G, Praticò G. Biomarker of food intake for assessing the consumption of dairy and egg products. GENES & NUTRITION 2018; 13:26. [PMID: 30279743 PMCID: PMC6162878 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dairy and egg products constitute an important part of Western diets as they represent an excellent source of high-quality proteins, vitamins, minerals and fats. Dairy and egg products are highly diverse and their associations with a range of nutritional and health outcomes are therefore heterogeneous. Such associations are also often weak or debated due to the difficulty in establishing correct assessments of dietary intake. Therefore, in order to better characterize associations between the consumption of these foods and health outcomes, it is important to identify reliable biomarkers of their intake. Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) provide an accurate measure of intake, which is independent of the memory and sincerity of the subjects as well as of their knowledge about the consumed foods. We have, therefore, conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature to evaluate the current status of potential BFIs for dairy products and BFIs for egg products commonly consumed in Europe. Strikingly, only a limited number of compounds have been reported as markers for the intake of these products and none of them have been sufficiently validated. A series of challenges hinders the identification and validation of BFI for dairy and egg products, in particular, the heterogeneous composition of these foods and the lack of specificity of the markers identified so far. Further studies are, therefore, necessary to validate these compounds and to discover new candidate BFIs. Untargeted metabolomic strategies may allow the identification of novel biomarkers, which, when taken separately or in combination, could be used to assess the intake of dairy and egg products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Vázquez-Fresno
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - Doreen Gille
- Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Albert Remus R Rosana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - Anna Passerini
- University of Copenhagen, NEXS 30, Rolighedsvej, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - María-Trinidad Soria-Florido
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grégory Pimentel
- Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanvir Sajed
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - David S Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9 Canada
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - Cristina Andres Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Campus Torribera, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Giulia Praticò
- University of Copenhagen, NEXS 30, Rolighedsvej, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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21
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Acar E, Gürdeniz G, Khakimov B, Savorani F, Korndal SK, Larsen TM, Engelsen SB, Astrup A, Dragsted LO. Biomarkers of Individual Foods, and Separation of Diets Using Untargeted LC-MS-based Plasma Metabolomics in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800215. [PMID: 30094970 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Self-reported dietary intake does not represent an objective unbiased assessment. The effect of the new Nordic diet (NND) versus average Danish diet (ADD) on plasma metabolic profiles is investigated to identify biomarkers of compliance and metabolic effects. METHODS AND RESULTS In a 26-week controlled dietary intervention study, 146 subjects followed either NND, a predominantly organic diet high in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and fish, or ADD, a diet higher in imported and processed foods. Fasting plasma samples are analyzed with untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight. It is demonstrated that supervised machine learning with feature selection can separate NND and ADD samples with an average test set performance of up to 0.88 area under the curve. The NND plasma metabolome is characterized by diet-related metabolites, such as pipecolic acid betaine (whole grain), trimethylamine oxide, and prolyl hydroxyproline (both fish intake), while theobromine (chocolate) and proline betaine (citrus) were associated with ADD. Amino acid (i.e., indolelactic acid and hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate) and fat metabolism (butyryl carnitine) characterize ADD whereas NND is associated with higher concentrations of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines. CONCLUSIONS The plasma metabolite profiles are predictive of dietary patterns and reflected good compliance while indicating effects of potential health benefit, including changes in fat metabolism and glucose utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Acar
- Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Chemometrics and Analytical Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Francesco Savorani
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic University of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Thomas Meinert Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Søren Balling Engelsen
- Chemometrics and Analytical Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lars O Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Thomason K, Babar MA, Erickson JE, Mulvaney M, Beecher C, MacDonald G. Comparative physiological and metabolomics analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) following post-anthesis heat stress. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197919. [PMID: 29897945 PMCID: PMC5999278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic improvement for stress tolerance requires a solid understanding of biochemical processes involved with different physiological mechanisms and their relationships with different traits. The objective of this study was to demonstrate genetic variability in altered metabolic levels in a panel of six wheat genotypes in contrasting temperature regimes, and to quantify the correlation between those metabolites with different traits. In a controlled environment experiment, heat stress (35:28 ± 0.08°C) was initiated 10 days after anthesis. Flag leaves were collected 10 days after heat treatment to employ an untargeted metabolomics profiling using LC-HRMS based technique called IROA. High temperature stress produced significant genetic variations for cell and thylakoid membrane damage, and yield related traits. 64 known metabolites accumulated 1.5 fold of higher or lower due to high temperature stress. In general, metabolites that increased the most under heat stress (L-tryptophan, pipecolate) showed negative correlation with different traits. Contrary, the metabolites that decreased the most under heat stress (drummondol, anthranilate) showed positive correlation with the traits. Aminoacyl-tRNA biosysnthesis and plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways were most impacted by high temperature stress. The robustness of metabolic change and their relationship with phenotypes renders those metabolites as potential bio-markers for genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Thomason
- Agronomy Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Md Ali Babar
- Agronomy Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - John E. Erickson
- Agronomy Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Michael Mulvaney
- West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Jay, FL, United States of America
| | - Chris Beecher
- Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics (SECIM), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- IROA Technologies LLC, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Greg MacDonald
- Agronomy Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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Servillo L, D'Onofrio N, Giovane A, Casale R, Cautela D, Ferrari G, Castaldo D, Balestrieri ML. The betaine profile of cereal flours unveils new and uncommon betaines. Food Chem 2018; 239:234-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Yuan Y, Tarres A, Bessaire T, Rademacher W, Stadler RH, Delatour T. Heat-induced formation of mepiquat by decarboxylation of pipecolic acid and its betaine derivative. Part 2: Natural formation in cooked vegetables and selected food products. Food Chem 2017; 228:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yuan Y, Tarres A, Bessaire T, Stadler RH, Delatour T. Heat-induced formation of mepiquat by decarboxylation of pipecolic acid and its betaine derivative. Part 1: Model system studies. Food Chem 2017; 227:173-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Homostachydrine (pipecolic acid betaine) as authentication marker of roasted blends of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora (Robusta) beans. Food Chem 2016; 205:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Betaines and related ammonium compounds in chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.). Food Chem 2016; 196:1301-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Servillo L, Giovane A, Casale R, D'Onofrio N, Ferrari G, Cautela D, Balestrieri ML, Castaldo D. Serotonin 5-O-β-Glucoside and Its N-Methylated Forms in Citrus Genus Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4220-4227. [PMID: 25893818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Citrus genus is characterized by a specific presence of indole metabolites deriving from the N-methylation of tryptamine and its hydroxylated form, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), which are likely involved in plant defense mechanisms. In this study, we identified for the first time the occurrence in Citrus plants of serotonin 5-O-β-glucoside and all its N-methylated derivatives, that is, N-methylserotonin 5-O-β-glucoside, N,N-dimethylserotonin (bufotenine) 5-O-β-glucoside, and N,N,N-trimethylserotonin (bufotenidine) 5-O-β-glucoside. The identification of the glucosylated compounds was based on mass spectrometric studies, hydrolysis by glucosidase, and in some cases, comparison to authentic compounds. Beside leaves, the distribution of the glucosylated forms and their aglycones in some Citrus species was evaluated in flavedo, albedo, juice, and seeds. The simultaneous presence of serotonin and its N-methylated derivatives, together with the corresponding glucosylated forms, is consistent with the occurrence of a metabolic pathway, specific for Citrus, aimed at potentiating the defensive response to biotic stress through the optimization of the production and use of the most toxic of such metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Servillo
- †Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- †Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Casale
- †Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- †Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Ferrari
- ‡Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e ProdAL scarl, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Domenico Cautela
- §Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA), Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Reggio Calabria, Via Tommaso Campanella 12, 89127 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- †Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Luigi de Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Domenico Castaldo
- §Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA), Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Reggio Calabria, Via Tommaso Campanella 12, 89127 Reggio Calabria, Italy
- #Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE), Via Molise 2, 00187 Roma, Italy
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Serra AA, Couée I, Renault D, Gouesbet G, Sulmon C. Metabolic profiling of Lolium perenne shows functional integration of metabolic responses to diverse subtoxic conditions of chemical stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:1801-16. [PMID: 25618145 PMCID: PMC4669549 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant communities are confronted with a great variety of environmental chemical stresses. Characterization of chemical stress in higher plants has often been focused on single or closely related stressors under acute exposure, or restricted to a selective number of molecular targets. In order to understand plant functioning under chemical stress conditions close to environmental pollution conditions, the C3 grass Lolium perenne was subjected to a panel of different chemical stressors (pesticide, pesticide degradation compound, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and heavy metal) under conditions of seed-level or root-level subtoxic exposure. Physiological and metabolic profiling analysis on roots and shoots revealed that all of these subtoxic chemical stresses resulted in discrete physiological perturbations and complex metabolic shifts. These metabolic shifts involved stressor-specific effects, indicating multilevel mechanisms of action, such as the effects of glyphosate and its degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid on quinate levels. They also involved major generic effects that linked all of the subtoxic chemical stresses with major modifications of nitrogen metabolism, especially affecting asparagine, and of photorespiration, especially affecting alanine and glycerate. Stress-related physiological effects and metabolic adjustments were shown to be integrated through a complex network of metabolic correlations converging on Asn, Leu, Ser, and glucose-6-phosphate, which could potentially be modulated by differential dynamics and interconversion of soluble sugars (sucrose, trehalose, fructose, and glucose). Underlying metabolic, regulatory, and signalling mechanisms linking these subtoxic chemical stresses with a generic impact on nitrogen metabolism and photorespiration are discussed in relation to carbohydrate and low-energy sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Antonella Serra
- Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Gwenola Gouesbet
- Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Sulmon
- Université de Rennes 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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Associations of cord blood metabolites with early childhood obesity risk. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1041-8. [PMID: 25804930 PMCID: PMC4496296 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objective Rapid postnatal weight gain is a potentially modifiable risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome. To identify markers of rapid infancy weight gain and childhood obesity, we analyzed the metabolome in cord blood from infants differing in their postnatal weight trajectories. Methods We performed a nested case-control study within Project Viva, a longitudinal cohort of mothers and children. We selected cases (n=26) based on top quartile of change in weight-for-age 0-6 mo and BMI >85th percentile in mid-childhood (median 7.7 years). Controls (n=26) were age- and sex-matched, had normal postnatal weight gain (2nd or 3rd quartile of change in weight-for-age 0-6 mo) and normal mid-childhood weight (BMI 25th-75th percentile). Cord blood metabolites were measured using untargeted LC/MS; individual metabolites and pathways differing between cases vs. controls were compared in categorical analyses. We adjusted metabolites for maternal age, maternal BMI, and breastfeeding duration (linear regression), and assessed whether metabolites improved the ability to predict case-control status (logistic regression). Results Of 415 detected metabolites, 16 were altered in cases vs. controls (T-test, nominal P<0.05). 3 metabolites were related to tryptophan: serotonin, tryptophan betaine, and tryptophyl leucine (46%, 48% and 26% lower in cases, respectively, P<0.05). Mean levels of 2 methyl donors, dimethylglycine and N-acetylmethionine, were also lower in cases (18% and 16% respectively, P=0.01). Moreover, the glutamine:glutamate ratio was reduced by 33% (P<0.05) in cases. Levels of serotonin, tryptophyl leucine, and N-acetylmethionine remained significantly different after adjustment for maternal BMI, age, and breastfeeding. Adding metabolite levels to logistic regression models including only clinical covariates improved the ability to predict case vs. control status. Conclusions Several cord blood metabolites are associated with rapid postnatal weight gain. Whether these patterns are causally linked to childhood obesity is not clear from this cross-sectional analysis, but will require further study.
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Hanhineva K, Lankinen MA, Pedret A, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Paananen J, de Mello V, Sola R, Lehtonen M, Poutanen K, Uusitupa M, Mykkänen H. Nontargeted metabolite profiling discriminates diet-specific biomarkers for consumption of whole grains, fatty fish, and bilberries in a randomized controlled trial. J Nutr 2015; 145:7-17. [PMID: 25527657 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.196840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nontargeted metabolite profiling allows for concomitant examination of a wide range of metabolite species, elucidating the metabolic alterations caused by dietary interventions. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of dietary modifications on the basis of increasing consumption of whole grains, fatty fish, and bilberries on plasma metabolite profiles to identify applicable biomarkers for dietary intake and endogenous metabolism. METHODS Metabolite profiling analysis was performed on fasting plasma samples collected in a 12-wk parallel-group intervention with 106 participants with features of metabolic syndrome who were randomly assigned to 3 dietary interventions: 1) whole-grain products, fatty fish, and bilberries [healthy diet (HD)]; 2) a whole-grain-enriched diet with the same grain products as in the HD intervention but with no change in fish or berry consumption; and 3) refined-wheat breads and restrictions on fish and berries (control diet). In addition, correlation analyses were conducted with the food intake data to define the food items correlating with the biomarker candidates. RESULTS Nontargeted metabolite profiling showed marked differences in fasting plasma after the intervention diets compared with the control diet. In both intervention groups, a significant increase was observed in 2 signals identified as glucuronidated alk(en)-ylresorcinols [corrected P value (Pcorr) < 0.05], which correlated strongly with the intake of whole-grain products (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). In addition, the HD intervention increased the signals for furan fatty acids [3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF)], hippuric acid, and various lipid species incorporating polyunsaturated fatty acids (Pcorr < 0.05). In particular, plasma CMPF correlated strongly with the intake of fish (r = 0.47, P < 0.001) but not with intakes of any other foods. CONCLUSIONS Novel biomarkers of the intake of health-beneficial food items included in the Nordic diet were identified by the metabolite profiling of fasting plasma and confirmed by the correlation analyses with dietary records. The one with the most potential was CMPF, which was shown to be a highly specific biomarker for fatty fish intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00573781.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Pedret
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Technological Center of Nutrition and Health, CIBERDEM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, IISPV, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Reus, Spain; and
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition and Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Technological Center of Nutrition and Health, CIBERDEM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, IISPV, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Reus, Spain; and
| | | | | | | | - Rosa Sola
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Technological Center of Nutrition and Health, CIBERDEM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, IISPV, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Reus, Spain; and
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa Poutanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
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Zheng Y, Yu B, Alexander D, Steffen LM, Boerwinkle E. Human metabolome associates with dietary intake habits among African Americans in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Epidemiol 2014; 179:1424-33. [PMID: 24801555 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human metabolome is a measurable outcome of interactions among an individual's inherited genome, microbiome, and dietary intake. We explored the relationship between dietary intake and serum untargeted metabolomic profiles in a subsample of 1,977 African Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in 1987-1989. For each metabolite, we conducted linear regression to estimate its relationships with each food group and food category. Potential confounding factors included age, sex, body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)), energy intake, kidney function, and food groups. We used a modified Bonferroni correction to determine statistical significance. In total, 48 pairs of diet-metabolite associations were identified, including multiple novel associations. The food group "sugar-rich foods and beverages" was inversely associated with 5 metabolites in the 2-hydroxybutyrate-related subpathway and positively associated with 5 γ-glutamyl dipeptides. The hypothesized mechanism of these associations may be through oxidative stress. "Sugar-rich foods and beverages" were also inversely associated with 7 unsaturated long-chain fatty acids. These findings suggest that the contribution of a sugar-rich dietary pattern to increased cardiovascular disease risk may be partially attributed to oxidative stress and disordered lipid profiles. Metabolomics may reveal novel metabolic biomarkers of dietary intake and provide insight into biochemical pathways underlying nutritional effects on disease development.
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Servillo L, Giovane A, D'Onofrio N, Casale R, Cautela D, Ferrari G, Balestrieri ML, Castaldo D. N-methylated derivatives of tyramine in citrus genus plants: identification of N,N,N-trimethyltyramine (candicine). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2679-2684. [PMID: 24635695 DOI: 10.1021/jf5001698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of tyramine and its methylated derivatives, N-methyltyramine and N,N-dimethyltyramine, was investigated in tissue parts (leaves and fruits) of several plants of Citrus genus by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). In the course of our study we discovered the occurrence of N,N,N-trimethyltyramine in all citrus plants examined. This quaternary ammonium compound, known to act in animals as a neurotoxin, was recognized and characterized by mass spectrometric analysis. The substance, never described before in the Citrus genus, is also known as candicine or maltoxin. Results indicate that N,N,N-trimethyltyramine is consistently expressed in leaves of clementine, bitter orange, and lemon. Conversely, low levels were found in the leaves of orange, mandarin, chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia), bergamot, citron, and pomelo. In the edible part of the fruits, N,N,N-trimethyltyramine was found at trace levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Servillo
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli , Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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Servillo L, Giovane A, Balestrieri ML, Casale R, Cautela D, Castaldo D. Citrus genus plants contain N-methylated tryptamine derivatives and their 5-hydroxylated forms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5156-5162. [PMID: 23682903 DOI: 10.1021/jf401448q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution in Citrus genus plants of N-methylated derivatives of tryptamine and their 5-hydroxylated forms are reported. Tryptamine, N-methyltryptamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), 5-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine, 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (bufotenine), and 5-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine (bufotenidine) were quantitated by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Leaves of all citrus plants examined contained N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine, a compound that we first discovered in the bergamot plant. Interestingly, we also found out that all plants examined contained 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 5-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine, compounds never described so far in the Citrus genus. As N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine and 5-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine possess nicotine-like activity by exerting their action on acetylcholine receptors, it is conceivable that both represent the arrival point of a biosynthetic pathway aimed to provide Citrus plants with chemical defense against aggressors. This hypothesis is supported by our finding that leaves and seeds, which are more frequently attacked by biotic agents, are the parts of the plant where the highest levels of those compounds were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Servillo
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale-II Università degli Studi di Napoli, via L. De Crecchio, 7- 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Mangalam A, Poisson L, Nemutlu E, Datta I, Denic A, Dzeja P, Rodriguez M, Rattan R, Giri S. Profile of Circulatory Metabolites in a Relapsing-remitting Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis using Global Metabolomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4. [PMID: 24273690 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. Although, MS is well characterized in terms of the role played by immune cells, cytokines and CNS pathology, nothing is known about the metabolic alterations that occur during the disease process in circulation. Recently, metabolic aberrations have been defined in various disease processes either as contributing to the disease, as potential biomarkers, or as therapeutic targets. Thus in an attempt to define the metabolic alterations that may be associated with MS disease progression, we profiled the plasma metabolites at the chronic phase of disease utilizing relapsing remitting-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (RR-EAE) model in SJL mice. At the chronic phase of the disease (day 45), untargeted global metabolomic profiling of plasma collected from EAE diseased SJL and healthy mice was performed, using a combination of high-throughput liquid-and-gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. A total of 282 metabolites were identified, with significant changes observed in 44 metabolites (32 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated), that mapped to lipid, amino acid, nucleotide and xenobiotic metabolism and distinguished EAE from healthy group (p<0.05, false discovery rate (FDR)<0.23). Mapping the differential metabolite signature to their respective biochemical pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) database, we found six major pathways that were significantly altered (containing concerted alterations) or impacted (containing alteration in key junctions). These included bile acid biosynthesis, taurine metabolism, tryptophan and histidine metabolism, linoleic acid and D-arginine metabolism pathways. Overall, this study identified a 44 metabolite signature drawn from various metabolic pathways which correlated well with severity of the EAE disease, suggesting that these metabolic changes could be exploited as (1) biomarkers for EAE/MS progression and (2) to design new treatment paradigms where metabolic interventions could be combined with present and experimental therapeutics to achieve better treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ak Mangalam
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA ; Department ofNeurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Servillo L, Giovane A, Balestrieri ML, Cautela D, Castaldo D. N-methylated tryptamine derivatives in citrus genus plants: identification of N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine in bergamot. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:9512-9518. [PMID: 22957740 DOI: 10.1021/jf302767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of N-methylated tryptamine derivatives in bergamot plant (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poit) is reported for the first time. Interestingly, the most abundant of these substances is N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine, which has not been previously identified in any citrus plant. The N-methylated tryptamine derivatives were identified and quantitated in leaves, peel, juice, and seeds by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. N,N,N-Trimethyltryptamine was confirmed by MS(3) and comparison with the synthesized authentic standard. In addition, the study of the distribution of tryptophan, tryptamine, N-methyltryptamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine indicated that these compounds are differently expressed in the various tissues of the bergamot plant. Intriguingly, chemically synthesized N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine was reported to possess nicotine-like activity being a stimulant of parasympathetic ganglia by exerting its action on acetylcholine receptors. On this basis, the identification of N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine at a relatively high level in leaves suggests a possible role in a physiological mechanism of plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Servillo
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biofisica, II Università degli Studi di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
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