1
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Liu M, Huang S, Park S. Inhibitory effects of bioactive compounds on UVB-induced photodamage in human keratinocytes: modulation of MMP1 and Wnt signaling pathways. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:463-478. [PMID: 38326693 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
UVB radiation significantly threatens skin health, contributing to wrinkle formation and an elevated risk of skin cancer. This study aimed to explore bioactive compounds with potential UVB-protective properties. Using in silico analysis, we chose compounds to reduce binding energy with matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1). Piperitoside, procyanidin C1, and mulberrofuran E emerged as promising candidates through this computational screening process. We investigated the UVB-protective efficacy of the selected compounds and underlying mechanisms in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). We also investigated the molecular pathways implicated in their action, focusing on the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathways. In UVB-exposed HaCaT cells (100 mJ/cm2 for 30 min), piperitoside, procyanidin C1, and mulberrofuran E significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides, coupled with an augmentation of collagen expression. These compounds suppressed MMP1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, while they concurrently enhanced collagen-1 (COL1A1), β-catenin (CTNNB1), and superoxide dismutase type-1 (SOD1) expression. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors, when administered subsequently, partially counteracted the reduction in MMP1 expression and alleviated inflammatory and oxidative stress markers induced by the bioactive compounds. In conclusion, piperitoside, procyanidin C1, and mulberrofuran E protected against UVB-induced damage in HaCaT cells by inhibiting MMP1 expression and elevating β-catenin expression. Consequently, these bioactive compounds emerge as promising preventive agents for UVB-induced skin damage, promoting skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Science and Technology, Jincheng, 048011, China
| | - Shaokai Huang
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan-Si, ChungNam-Do, 336-795, South Korea.
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2
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Di Salvo E, Gangemi S, Genovese C, Cicero N, Casciaro M. Polyphenols from Mediterranean Plants: Biological Activities for Skin Photoprotection in Atopic Dermatitis, Psoriasis, and Chronic Urticaria. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3579. [PMID: 37896042 PMCID: PMC10609915 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a diverse class of natural compounds that are widely distributed in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and bring benefits in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Studies suggested that polyphenols may improve cardiovascular health and may have neuroprotective effects. The Mediterranean region is a vast area. Although the territory encompasses a wide variety of cultures and dietary patterns, there are some commonalities in terms of the plant-based foods and their polyphenol content. Such polyphenols have been studied for their potential photoprotective effects on the skin. We focused on nutraceutical effects of Mediterranean plants in skin photoprotection in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria. Results highlight the importance of exploring natural compounds for therapeutic purposes. The wide variety of polyphenols found in different foods and plants allows for a diverse range of pharmacological effects. The Mediterranean diet, rich in polyphenol-containing foods, is associated with a lower incidence of various chronic diseases, including dermatological conditions. While more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and optimal dosing of polyphenols, there is initial evidence to support their potential use as adjunctive therapy for atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Claudia Genovese
- National Research Council, Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
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3
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Zhang Y, Chen C, Cheng B, Gao L, Qin C, Zhang L, Zhang X, Wang J, Wan Y. Discovery of Quercetin and Its Analogs as Potent OXA-48 Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:926104. [PMID: 35814247 PMCID: PMC9258905 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.926104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae caused by OXA-48 β-lactamase is a growing global health threat and has rapidly spread in many regions of the world. Developing inhibitors is a promising way to overcome antibiotic resistance. However, there are few options for problematic OXA-48. Here we identified quercetin, fisetin, luteolin, 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone, apigenin, kaempferol, and taxifolin as potent inhibitors of OXA-48 with IC50 values ranging from 0.47 to 4.54 μM. Notably, the structure-activity relationship revealed that the substitute hydroxyl groups in the A and B rings of quercetin and its structural analogs improved the inhibitory effect against OXA-48. Mechanism studies including enzymatic kinetic assay, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis demonstrated that quercetin reversibly inhibited OXA-48 through a noncompetitive mode. Molecular docking suggested that hydroxyl groups at the 3′, 4′ and 7 positions in flavonoids formed hydrogen-bonding interactions with the side chains of Thr209, Ala194, and Gln193 in OXA-48. Quercetin, fisetin, luteolin, and 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone effectively restored the antibacterial efficacy of piperacillin or imipenem against E. coli producing OXA-48, resulting in 2–8-fold reduction in MIC. Moreover, quercetin combined with piperacillin showed antimicrobial efficacy in mice infection model. These studies provide potential lead compounds for the development of β-lactamase inhibitors and in combination with β-lactams to combat OXA-48 producing pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejuan Zhang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Microbiology Institute of Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Engineering Center of Qinling Mountains Natural Products, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wan,
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4
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Vale DL, Martinez RM, Medeiros DC, da Rocha C, Sfeir N, Lopez RFV, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Georgetti SR, Baracat MM, Casagrande R. A topical formulation containing quercetin-loaded microcapsules protects against oxidative and inflammatory skin alterations triggered by UVB irradiation: enhancement of activity by microencapsulation. J Drug Target 2021; 29:983-997. [PMID: 33685319 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1898621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes free radical production, increase inflammation and oxidative stress, thus, supporting the use of antioxidants by topical administration as therapeutic approaches. Quercetin (QC) is a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, however, high liposolubility makes it difficult to remain in the viable skin layer. Thus, this study evaluated whether microencapsulation of QC would enhance its activity in comparison with the same dose of free QC (non-active dose) and unloaded-microcapsules added in formulation for topical administration in a mouse model of UVB irradiation targeting the skin. Topical formulation containing Quercetin-loaded microcapsules (TFcQCMC) presents physico-chemical (colour, consistence, phase separation and pH) and functional antioxidant stability at 4 °C, room temperature and 40 °C for 6 months. TFcQCMC inhibited the UVB-triggered depletion of antioxidants observed by GSH (reduced glutathione), ability to reduce iron, ability to scavenge 2,2'-azinobis radical and catalase activity. TFcQCMC also inhibited markers of oxidation (lipid hydroperoxides and superoxide anion production). Concerning inflammation, TFcQCMC reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity, skin edoema, collagen fibre damage, myeloperoxidase activity/neutrophil recruitment, mast cell and sunburn cell counts. The pharmacological activity of TFcQCMC was not shared by the same pharmaceutical form containing the same dose of free QC or unloaded control microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Vale
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Medeiros
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Camila da Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Natália Sfeir
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata F V Lopez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T M C Vicentini
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
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5
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Boo YC. Emerging Strategies to Protect the Skin from Ultraviolet Rays Using Plant-Derived Materials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E637. [PMID: 32708455 PMCID: PMC7402153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunlight contains a significant amount of ultraviolet (UV) ray, which leads to various effects on homeostasis in the body. Defense strategies to protect from UV rays have been extensively studied, as sunburn, photoaging, and photocarcinogenesis are caused by excessive UV exposure. The primary lines of defense against UV damage are melanin and trans-urocanic acid, which are distributed in the stratum corneum. UV rays that pass beyond these lines of defense can lead to oxidative damage. However, cells detect changes due to UV rays as early as possible and initiate cell signaling processes to prevent the occurrence of damage and repair the already occurred damage. Cosmetic and dermatology experts recommend using a sunscreen product to prevent UV-induced damage. A variety of strategies using antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents have also been developed to complement the skin's defenses against UV rays. Researchers have examined the use of plant-derived materials to alleviate the occurrence of skin aging, diseases, and cancer caused by UV rays. Furthermore, studies are also underway to determine how to promote melanin production to protect from UV-induced skin damage. This review provides discussion of the damage that occurs in the skin due to UV light and describes potential defense strategies using plant-derived materials. This review aims to assist researchers in understanding the current research in this area and to potentially plan future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
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6
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Rivière G, Oueslati S, Gayral M, Créchet JB, Nhiri N, Jacquet E, Cintrat JC, Giraud F, van Heijenoort C, Lescop E, Pethe S, Iorga BI, Naas T, Guittet E, Morellet N. NMR Characterization of the Influence of Zinc(II) Ions on the Structural and Dynamic Behavior of the New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1 and on the Binding with Flavonols as Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10466-10480. [PMID: 32426604 PMCID: PMC7226869 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) has recently emerged as a global threat because of its ability to confer resistance to all common β-lactam antibiotics. Understanding the molecular basis of β-lactam hydrolysis by NDM is crucial for designing NDM inhibitors or β-lactams resistant to their hydrolysis. In this study, for the first time, NMR was used to study the influence of Zn(II) ions on the dynamic behavior of NDM-1. Our results highlighted that the binding of Zn(II) in the NDM-1 active site induced several structural and dynamic changes on active site loop 2 (ASL2) and L9 loops and on helix α2. We subsequently studied the interaction of several flavonols: morin, quercetin, and myricetin were identified as natural and specific inhibitors of NDM-1. Quercetin conjugates were also synthesized in an attempt to increase the solubility and bioavailability. Our NMR investigations on NDM-1/flavonol interactions highlighted that both Zn(II) ions and the residues of the NDM-1 ASL1, ASL2, and ASL4 loops are involved in the binding of flavonols. This is the first NMR interaction study of NDM-1/inhibitors, and the models generated using HADDOCK will be useful for the rational design of more active inhibitors, directed against NDM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Rivière
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Saoussen Oueslati
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Maud Gayral
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay
(ICMMO), CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Naïma Nhiri
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Cintrat
- Service
de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage (SCBM), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - François Giraud
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carine van Heijenoort
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ewen Lescop
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stéphanie Pethe
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bogdan I. Iorga
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Naas
- EA7361
“Structure, Dynamic, Function and Expression of Broad Spectrum
β-Lactamases”, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- . Phone:(33)145212019 or (33)145213030. Fax: (33)145216340
| | - Eric Guittet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Nelly Morellet
- Institut
de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- . Phone:(33)169823762. Fax: (33)169823784
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Rosemary Diterpenes and Flavanone Aglycones Provide Improved Genoprotection against UV-Induced DNA Damage in a Human Skin Cell Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030255. [PMID: 32245070 PMCID: PMC7139908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the major cause of a variety of cutaneous disorders, including sunburn, photoaging, and skin cancers. UVB radiation (290–320 nm) causes multiple forms of DNA damage, p53 induction, protein and lipid oxidation, and the generation of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). In recent years, botanicals containing polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as skin photoprotective agents have emerged. This study evaluated the protective effects of two formulations against UVB-induced damage in a skin cell model. One of the formulations (F2) contained a combination of citrus and olive extracts and the other one (F1) also contained a rosemary extract. The antioxidant capacity of both formulations was estimated by different in vitro methods, and the cell viability, intracellular ROS generation, mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA damage were studied in UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. Both formulations exerted photoprotective effects on skin cells and decreased mitochondrial depolarization and DNA damage. F1 which contained iridoids, rosemary diterpenes, glycosides and aglycones of citrus flavanones, and monohydroxylated flavones exhibited higher cellular photoprotective effects and mitochondrial membrane potential restoration, as well as an enhanced capacity to decrease DNA double strand breaks and the DNA damage response. In contrast, F2, which contained mostly iridoids, citrus flavanone aglycones, and mono- and dihydroxylated flavones, exhibited a higher capacity to decrease intracellular ROS generation and radical scavenging capacity related to metal ion chelation. Both formulations showed a similar capability to decrease the number of apoptotic cells upon UVB radiation. Based on our results and those of others, we postulate that the stronger capacity of F1 to protect against UVB-induced DNA damage in human keratinocytes is related to the presence of rosemary diterpenes and citrus flavanone aglycones. Nevertheless, the presence of the dihydroxylated flavones in F2 may contribute to inhibiting the generation of metal-related free radicals. To confirm the efficacy of these formulations as potential candidates for oral/topical photoprotection, human trials are required to circumvent the limitations of the cellular model.
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Wasan EK, Zhao J, Poteet J, Mohammed MA, Syeda J, Orlowski T, Soulsbury K, Cawthray J, Bunyamin A, Zhang C, Fahlman BM, Krol ES. Development of a UV-Stabilized Topical Formulation of Nifedipine for the Treatment of Raynaud Phenomenon and Chilblains. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11110594. [PMID: 31717566 PMCID: PMC6920966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Raynaud’s Phenomenon is a vascular affliction resulting in pain and blanching of the skin caused by excessive and prolonged constriction of arterioles, usually due to cold exposure. Nifedipine is a vasodilatory calcium channel antagonist, which is used orally as the first-line pharmacological treatment to reduce the incidence and severity of attacks when other interventions fail to alleviate the condition and there is danger of tissue injury. Oral administration of nifedipine, however, is associated with systemic adverse effects, and thus topical administration with nifedipine locally to the extremities would be advantageous. However, nifedipine is subject to rapid photodegradation, which is problematic for exposed skin such as the hands. The goal of this project was to analyze the photostability of a novel topical nifedipine cream to UVA light. The effect of incorporating the photoprotectants rutin, quercetin, and/or avobenzone (BMDBM) into the nifedipine cream on the stability of nifedipine to UVA light exposure and the appearance of degradation products of nifedipine was determined. Rutin and quercetin are flavonoids with antioxidant activity. Both have the potential to improve the photostability of nifedipine by a number of mechanisms that either quench the intermolecular electron transfer of the singlet excited dihydropyridine to the nitrobenzene group or by preventing photoexcitation of nifedipine. Rutin at either 0.1% or 0.5% (w/w) did not improve the stability of nifedipine 2% (w/w) in the cream after UVA exposure up to 3 h. Incorporation of quercetin at 0.5% (w/w) did improve nifedipine stability from 40% (no quercetin) to 77% (with quercetin) of original drug concentration after 3 h UVA exposure. A combination of BMDBM and quercetin was the most effective photoprotectant for maintaining nifedipine concentration following up to 8 h UVA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K. Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-306-966-3202
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Joshua Poteet
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Munawar A. Mohammed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Jaweria Syeda
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Tatiana Orlowski
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Kevin Soulsbury
- British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC V5G 3H2, Canada;
| | - Jacqueline Cawthray
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Amanda Bunyamin
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Brian M. Fahlman
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Ed S. Krol
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (J.P.); (M.A.M.); (J.S.); (T.O.); (J.C.); (A.B.); (C.Z.); (B.M.F.); (E.S.K.)
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Penetration enhancement of menthol on quercetin through skin: insights from atomistic simulation. J Mol Model 2019; 25:235. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chandrasekara A, Daugelaite J, Shahidi F. DNA scission and LDL cholesterol oxidation inhibition and antioxidant activities of Bael ( Aegle marmelos) flower extracts. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 8:428-435. [PMID: 29992113 PMCID: PMC6035305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and other antioxidants have been implicated in protection against non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in which oxidative stress is a main contributor. The extracts of Bael (Aegle marmelos) flower were examined for their phenolic content, free radical scavenging efficacy and inhibition of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol oxidation and DNA scission activities. The extracts of Bael flowers were prepared using different solvent systems and their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) determined. Selected extracts which showed high TPC were subsequently used to determine their efficacy in scavenging hydroxyl, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The corresponding peroxyl radical scavenging activity was measured using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. The potency of the extracts in inhibiting hydroxyl and peroxyl radical-induced supercoiled DNA scission and inhibition of LDL cholesterol oxidation was also evaluated. The chemical identity of phenolic compounds present in the extracts was tentatively unraveled using HPLC-MS. Phenolic extracts of Bael flowers effectively inhibited hydroxyl, and peroxyl radicals. Phenolic extracts demonstrated notable inhibitory activity against hydroxyl and peroxyl radical-induced DNA scission and LDL oxidation. Vanillic, p-coumaric, chlorogenic, caffeic, and gentisic acids were identified as major phenolic acids, along with flavonoids, mainly catechin, and quercetin. The knowledge gained here may help better use of Bael flower extracts as functional herbal beverage ingredients in the prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoma Chandrasekara
- Department of Applied Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, 60170, Sri Lanka
| | - Jurata Daugelaite
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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Lee HJ, Im AR, Kim SM, Kang HS, Lee JD, Chae S. The flavonoid hesperidin exerts anti-photoaging effect by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression via mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent signaling pathways. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:39. [PMID: 29382339 PMCID: PMC5791357 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Hesperidin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune modulatory activities. Photoaging is a consequence of chronic exposure to the sun and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of hesperidin against photoaging of dorsal skin in hairless mice. Methods Hairless male mice (6-week-old) were divided into three groups (n = 7): control, UVB-treated vehicle, and UVB-treated hesperidin groups. UVB-irradiated mice from hesperidin group were orally administered 0.1 mL of water containing 100 mg/kg body weight per day hesperidin. Results The mean length and depth of wrinkles in the UVB-treated hesperidin group significantly improved after the oral administration of hesperidin, which significantly inhibited the increase in epidermal thickness and epidermal hypertrophy (P < 0.05). UVB irradiation of mice induced epidermal barrier dysfunction including an increase in the transepidermal water loss (TEWL); however, hesperidin decreased the TEWL. UVB irradiation increased the expression of MMP-9 and pro-inflammatory cytokines whereas UVB-treated hesperidin group showed reduced expression. These results indicate that hesperidin showed anti-photoaging activity in the UVB-irradiated hairless mice. In conclusion, hesperidin inhibited the UVB-induced increase in skin thickness, wrinkle formation, and collagen fiber loss in male hairless mice. Conclusions These results suggest that hesperidin shows potent anti-photoaging activity by regulating MMP-9 expression through the suppression of MAPK-dependent signaling pathways.
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Weiz G, Breccia JD, Mazzaferro LS. Screening and quantification of the enzymatic deglycosylation of the plant flavonoid rutin by UV–visible spectrometry. Food Chem 2017; 229:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Verma A, Kushwaha HN, Srivastava AK, Srivastava S, Jamal N, Srivastava K, Ray RS. Piperine attenuates UV-R induced cell damage in human keratinocytes via NF-kB, Bax/Bcl-2 pathway: An application for photoprotection. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 172:139-148. [PMID: 28550736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) exposure causes skin disorders like erythema, edema, hyperpigmentation, photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. Recent research trends of researchers have focused more attention on the identification and use of photo stable natural agents with photoprotective properties. Piperine (PIP), as a plant alkaloid, is an important constituent present in black pepper (Piper nigrum), used widely in ayurvedic and other traditional medicines and has broad pharmacological properties. The study was planned to photoprotective efficacy of PIP in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. We have assessed the UV-R induced activation of transcription factor NF-κB in coordination with cell death modulators (Bax/Bcl-2 and p21). The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that PIP was photostable under UV-A/UV-B exposure. PIP (10μg/ml) attenuates the UV-R (A and B) induced phototoxicity of keratinocyte cell line through the restoration of cell viability, inhibition of ROS, and malondialdehyde generation. Further, PIP inhibited UV-R mediated DNA damage, prevented micronuclei formation, and reduced sub-G1 phase in cell cycle, which supported against photogenotoxicity. This study revealed that PIP pretreatment strongly suppressed UV-R induced photodamages. Molecular docking studies suggest that PIP binds at the active site of NF-κB, and thus, preventing its translocation to nucleus. In addition, transcriptional and translational analysis advocate the increased expression of NF-κB and concomitant decrease in IkB-α expression under UV-R exposed cells, favouring the apoptosis via Bax/Bcl-2 and p21 pathways. However, PIP induced expression of IkB-α suppress the NF-κB activity which resulted in suppression of apoptotic marker genes and proteins that involved in photoprotection. Therefore, we suggest the applicability of photostable PIP as photoprotective agent for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Verma
- Photobiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India; Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Hari N Kushwaha
- Photobiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajeet K Srivastava
- Photobiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saumya Srivastava
- Environmental Information System Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naseem Jamal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Kriti Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Ratan Singh Ray
- Photobiology Laboratory, System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Kaur K, Kumar R, Mehta SK. Formulation of saponin stabilized nanoemulsion by ultrasonic method and its role to protect the degradation of quercitin from UV light. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:29-38. [PMID: 26964921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to prepare quercitin (QT) loaded o/w nanoemulsion using food grade surfactants (saponin and tween 80). The prepared nanoemulsion) was stable up to 30 days. The average particle size of the nanoemulsion was 52 ± 10 nm. The formation of saponin stabilized nanoemulsion was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Quercitin (QT) trapped nanoemulsion showed higher stability on exposure to UV light (254 nm) as compared to water/ethanol system. The degradation rate was found to decrease from 9 ± 1%, 11 ± 1% at pH 7.4, 8.0 respectively as compared to 42 ± 2% in water/ethanol system. Attempt was also made to study the interaction of QT with two different bile salts (sodium cholate and sodium taurocholate). The free radical scavenging activity of DPPH quercitin and curcumin was compared in NEm media. The obtained IC50 value of quercitin, curcumin and ascorbic acid are 28.88 ± 1, 45.53 ± 2 and 51.51 ± 2 μM respectively. The values of binding constant for sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium taurocholate (NaTC) are 2.66 × 10(5) and 2.72 × 10(4) M(-1) respectively. Sodium cholate (NaC) was found to show strong interaction towards quercitin (QT) due to more electron density on oxygen atom of carboxylate ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushwinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - S K Mehta
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
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Huvaere K, Skibsted LH. Flavonoids protecting food and beverages against light. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:20-35. [PMID: 24961228 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, which are ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, preserve food and beverages at the parts per million level with minor perturbation of sensory impressions. Additionally, they are safe and possibly contribute positive health effects. Flavonoids should be further exploited for the protection of food and beverages against light-induced quality deterioration through: (1) direct absorption of photons as inner filters protecting sensitive food components; (2) deactivation of (triplet-)excited states of sensitisers like chlorophyll and riboflavin; (3) quenching of singlet oxygen from type II photosensitisation; and (iv) scavenging of radicals formed as reaction intermediates in type I photosensitisation. For absorption of light, combinations of flavonoids, as found in natural co-pigmentation, facilitate dissipation of photon energy to heat thus averting photodegradation. For protection against singlet oxygen and triplet sensitisers, chemical quenching gradually decreases efficiency hence the pathway to physical quenching should be optimised through product formulation. The feasibility of these protection strategies is further supported by kinetic data that are becoming available, allowing for calculation of threshold levels of flavonoids to prevent beer and dairy products from going off. On the other hand, increasing understanding of the interplay between light and matrix physicochemistry, for example the effect of aprotic microenvironments on phototautomerisation of compounds like quercetin, opens up for engineering better light-to-heat converting channels in processed food to eventually prevent quality loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Huvaere
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Denmark
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Kawabata K, Mukai R, Ishisaka A. Quercetin and related polyphenols: new insights and implications for their bioactivity and bioavailability. Food Funct 2015; 6:1399-417. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo01178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions and mechanisms of action of quercetin and its related polyphenols are highlighted, including their effects on brain, blood vessels, muscle, and intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuichi Kawabata
- Department of Bioscience
- Fukui Prefectural University
- Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1195
- Japan
| | - Rie Mukai
- Department of Food Science
- Institute of Health Biosciences
- The University of Tokushima Graduate School
- Tokushima 770-8503
- Japan
| | - Akari Ishisaka
- School of Human Science and Environment
- University of Hyogo
- Himeji 670-0092
- Japan
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Zhang S, Wang L, Liu H, Zhao G, Ming L. Enhancement of recombinant myricetin on the radiosensitivity of lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:68. [PMID: 24650056 PMCID: PMC3994494 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Myricetin, a common dietary flavonoid is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and is used as a health food supplement based on its immune function, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of myricetin on combination with radiotherapy enhance radiosensitivity of lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells. Methods A549 cells and H1299 cells were exposed to X-ray with or without myricetin treatment. Colony formation assays, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and Caspase-3 level detection were used to evaluate the radiosensitization activity of myricetin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Nude mouse tumor xenograft model was built to assessed radiosensitization effect of myricetin in vivo. Results Compared with the exposed group without myricetin treatment, the groups treated with myricetin showed significantly suppressed cell surviving fraction and proliferation, increased the cell apoptosis and increased Caspase-3 protein expression after X-ray exposure in vitro. And in vivo assay, growth speed of tumor xenografts was significantly decreased in irradiated mice treated with myricetin. Conclusions The study demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo evidence that combination of myricetin with radiotherapy can enhance tumor radiosensitivity of pulmonary carcinoma A549 and H1299 cells, and myricetin could be a potential radiosensitizer for lung cancer therapy. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5791518001210633
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guoqiang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No,1, Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China.
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Ortial S, Morandat S, Bortolato M, Roux B, Polidori A, Pucci B, Durand G. PBN derived amphiphilic spin-traps. II/Study of their antioxidant properties in biomimetic membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 113:384-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zbikowska HM, Antosik A, Szejk M, Bijak M, Olejnik AK, Saluk J, Nowak P. Does quercetin protect human red blood cell membranes against γ-irradiation? Redox Rep 2013; 19:65-71. [PMID: 24257622 DOI: 10.1179/1351000213y.0000000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radioprotective potential of quercetin, a powerful free radical scavenger, was investigated in human red blood cells (RBCs) and in isolated RBC membranes exposed to γ-irradiation-induced oxidative stress. METHODS RBCs and RBC membrane suspensions were irradiated (50 Gy) in the presence of quercetin (2-50 µM). Oxidative damage of the membranes was analysed by protein carbonyl measurement (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). In RBCs, the concentration of glutathione (GSH) was determined. Lipid peroxidation in RBCs, and for comparison in plasma and peripheral lymphocytes, was quantified by the amount of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Radiation-induced damage of the RBC membrane integrity was evaluated by the degree of haemolysis. RESULTS Quercetin (50 µM) brought back the level of carbonyls to normal in γ-irradiated RBC membrane proteins and inhibited radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in plasma and lymphocytes, by 75 and 96%, respectively. However, it moderately decreased reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio and significantly increased TBARS concentrations, by 60 and 28% in irradiated and non-irradiated RBCs, respectively. Haemolysis rate was much higher in RBCs irradiated in the presence of quercetin vs. non antioxidant. DISCUSSION In non-cellular systems (RBC membranes or plasma) and in lymphocytes, quercetin shows antioxidative/radioprotective activity but in whole RBCs it acts as a pro-oxidant and a cytotoxic substance. The possible mechanisms of such action are discussed.
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A pilot study of the photoprotective effect of almond phytochemicals in a 3D human skin equivalent. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 126:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stoddard AR, Koetje LR, Mitchell AK, Schotanus MP, Ubels JL. Bioavailability of antioxidants applied to stratified human corneal epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29:681-7. [PMID: 23634787 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative damage to the corneal epithelium may be involved in dry eye disease. The bioavailability and efficacy of antioxidants in human corneal limbal epithelial (HCLE) cells were measured to determine whether antioxidants might be beneficial constituents of lubricant eye drops. METHODS The activity of antioxidants was evaluated using a cellular antioxidant activity assay in which, cells were loaded with the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive fluorescent indicator, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA), and an antioxidant compound. ROS were then generated intracellularly using 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP) or extracellularly using xanthine oxidase, and the ability of an antioxidant to inhibit ROS-generated fluorescence was measured. RESULTS When ROS were generated by ABAP, EC50 values for quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), n-propyl gallate, and gallic acid were 2.98, 3.41, 6.30, and 50.7 μM, respectively. When ROS were generated extracellularly by xanthine oxidase, EC50 values for quercetin, EGCG, n-propyl gallate, and gallic acid were 41.3, 56.5, 70.5, and 337.5 μM. These values were reduced significantly when an antioxidant was present both in the medium with the xanthine oxidase and within the cells. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidants were effective at quenching ROS in HCLE cells, indicating that they are bioavailable and might be effective in protecting the corneal epithelium from oxidative damage if included in a lubricant eye drop.
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Benzophenone Suppression of Quercetin Antioxidant Activity towards Lipids under UV-B Irradiation Regime: Detection by HPLC Chromatography. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/761675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a well-known flavonoid antioxidant, has been employed to control benzophenone-sensitized peroxidation of the lipid mixture in methanol solution, induced by continuous UV-B irradiation. Surprisingly, the detected quercetin antioxidant activity was almost negligible. The presented data suggests that the reason is not in its own UV-B-induced degradation but rather in its interrelationship with benzophenone during UV-B stress. On the other side of this relationship, benzophenone anticipated sensitizing role towards lipids; that is, the initiation of lipid peroxidation has been affected as well. These results, obtained by HPLC chromatography, partly confirm but partly relativize to some extent recent results obtained with the same system by spectrophotometric method.
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Maini S, Hodgson HL, Krol ES. The UVA and aqueous stability of flavonoids is dependent on B-ring substitution. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:6966-6976. [PMID: 22715887 DOI: 10.1021/jf3016128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Flavonols such as kaempferol and quercetin are believed to provide protection against ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage to plants. Recent in vitro studies have examined the ability of flavonols to protect against UV-induced damage to mammalian cells. Stability of flavonols in cell culture media, however, has been problematic, especially for quercetin, one of the most widely studied flavonols. As part of our investigations into the potential for flavonols to protect skin against UV-induced damage, we have determined the stability of a series of flavonols that differ only in the number of substituents on the B-ring. We measured the stability of these flavonols over time to UVA radiation, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), and Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV). The identification of the breakdown products of flavonols was accomplished by using a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer coupled with liquid chromatography. Tandem mass spectrometric analysis (MS/MS) of flavonol photoproducts was confirmed by comparing with the known standard samples. We have determined that flavonol stability decreases with increasing B-ring substitution, suggesting that future investigation of potential photoprotective flavonols will need to be cognizant of this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabia Maini
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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RANILLA LENAGALVEZ, APOSTOLIDIS EMMANOUIL, SHETTY KALIDAS. ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF LATIN AMERICAN HERBS ON SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE AND LIKELY MODE OF ACTION THROUGH THE PROLINE-LINKED PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY: FOCUS ON THE YERBA MATE TEA (ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS). J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fadel O, El Kirat K, Morandat S. The natural antioxidant rosmarinic acid spontaneously penetrates membranes to inhibit lipid peroxidation in situ. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2011; 1808:2973-80. [PMID: 21864504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous molecules from dietary sources such as polyphenols are very efficient in preventing the alteration of lipid membranes by oxidative stress. Among the polyphenols, we have chosen to study rosmarinic acid (RA). We investigated the efficiency of RA in preventing lipid peroxidation and in interacting with lipids. We used liposomes of 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) to show that RA was an efficient antioxidant. By HPLC, we determined that the maximum amount of RA associated with the lipids was ~1 mol%. Moreover, by using Langmuir monolayers, we evidenced that cholesterol decreases the penetration of RA. The investigation of transferred lipid/RA monolayers by atomic force microscopy revealed that 1 mol% of RA in the membrane was not sufficient to alter the membrane structure at the nanoscale. By fluorescence, we observed no significant modification of membrane permeability and fluidity caused by the interaction with RA. We also deduced that RA molecules were mainly located among the polar headgroups of the lipids. Finally, we prepared DLPC/RA vesicles to evidence for the first time that up to 1 mol% of RA inserts spontaneously in the membrane, which is high enough to fully prevent lipid peroxidation without any noticeable alteration of the membrane structure due to RA insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Fadel
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne-CNRS, UMR 6022 Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, BP 20529, 60205 Compiègne Cedex, France
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Lin C, Yu Y, Zhao HG, Yang A, Yan H, Cui Y. Combination of quercetin with radiotherapy enhances tumor radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Radiother Oncol 2011; 104:395-400. [PMID: 22119371 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2011.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quercetin (3, 3,' 4', 5, 7 - five-flavonoids) is one of the main components of flavonoids, with multifunctions on immune function, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protection. We hypothesize that a combination of quercetin with radiation would increase tumor radiosensitivity. To test this hypothesis, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies. METHODS AND MATERIALS The in vitro radio-sensitization activity of quercetin was tested in DLD1, HeLa and MCF-7 tumor cell lines by colony formation assays. The in vivo activity was assessed in the DLD-1 human colorectal cancer xenograft model in nude mice. Mechanistic studies were conducted in several cell lines using Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS We found that quercetin can significantly increase tumor radiosensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro Sensitizing Enhancement Ratios in DLD1, HeLa and MCF-7 cells were 1.87, 1.65, and 1.74, respectively. The mean doubling time of tumor xenografts was significantly increased in irradiated mice treated with quercetin. At the cellular level, exposure to quercetin resulted in prolonged DNA repair. The mechanistic studies demonstrated that quercetin induced radio-sensitization is through inhibiting the ATM kinase, one of the critical DNA damage response proteins. CONCLUSION We demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo evidence that combination of quercetin with radiotherapy can enhance tumor radiosensitivity by targeting the ATM-mediated pathway in response to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghe Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Chandrasekara A, Shahidi F. Antiproliferative potential and DNA scission inhibitory activity of phenolics from whole millet grains. J Funct Foods 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Kim W, Seong KM, Youn B. Phenylpropanoids in radioregulation: double edged sword. Exp Mol Med 2011; 43:323-33. [PMID: 21483230 PMCID: PMC3128910 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2011.43.6.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy, frequently used for treatment of solid tumors, carries two main obstacles including acquired radioresistance in cancer cells during radiotherapy and normal tissue injury. Phenylpropanoids, which are naturally occurring phytochemicals found in plants, have been identified as potential radiotherapeutic agents due to their anti-cancer activity and relatively safe levels of cytotoxicity. Various studies have proposed that these compounds could not only sensitize cancer cells to radiation resulting in inhibition of growth and cell death but also protect normal cells against radiation-induced damage. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent investigations on the usage of phenylpropanoids in combination with radiotherapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyeon Kim
- College of Natural Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Korea
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Wang HC, Brumaghim JL. Polyphenol Compounds as Antioxidants for Disease Prevention: Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging, Enzyme Regulation, and Metal Chelation Mechanisms in E. coliand Human Cells. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1083.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao C. Wang
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
| | - Julia L. Brumaghim
- Chemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973
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Evans JA, Johnson EJ. The role of phytonutrients in skin health. Nutrients 2010; 2:903-28. [PMID: 22254062 PMCID: PMC3257702 DOI: 10.3390/nu2080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodamage is known to occur in skin with exposure to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Such damage includes inflammation, oxidative stress, breakdown of the extracellular matrix, and development of cancer in the skin. Sun exposure is considered to be one of the most important risk factors for both nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Many phytonutrients have shown promise as photoprotectants in clinical, animal and cell culture studies. In part, the actions of these phytonutrients are thought to be through their actions as antioxidants. In regard to skin health, phytonutrients of interest include vitamin E, certain flavonoids, and the carotenoids, β-carotene, lycopene and lutein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Evans
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Cao S, Jiang X, Chen J. Effect of Zinc (II) on the interactions of bovine serum albumin with flavonols bearing different number of hydroxyl substituent on B-ring. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 104:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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UVA and UVB radiation-induced oxidation products of quercetin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 97:123-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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