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Patel SB, Patel BD, Pannecouque C, Bhatt HG. Design, synthesis and anti-HIV activity of novel quinoxaline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 117:230-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2
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Kolodziej K, Romanowska J, Stawinski J, Boryski J, Dabrowska A, Lipniacki A, Piasek A, Kraszewski A, Sobkowski M. Aryl H-Phosphonates 18. Synthesis, properties, and biological activity of 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside (N-heteroaryl)phosphoramidates of increased lipophilicity. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 100:77-88. [PMID: 26071860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, AZT (N-pyridyl)phosphoramidates were reported as a new type of potential anti-HIV therapeutics. In continuation of that work, here we present new (N-heteroaryl)phosphoramidate derivatives of antiviral 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides containing other types of N-heteroaryl moieties, particularly those with higher lipophilicity. The present studies comprise mechanistic investigations using (31)P NMR correlation analysis, which permitted improvements in the synthetic procedures. The obtained compounds were tested in biological systems to establish their cytotoxicity and anti-HIV activity. The results were analyzed with respect to possible correlations between biological and physico-chemical properties of the phosphoramidates studied, to get some insight into their antiviral mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Kolodziej
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Romanowska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Stawinski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jerzy Boryski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dabrowska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lipniacki
- National Institute of Medicines, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Piasek
- National Institute of Medicines, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kraszewski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Michal Sobkowski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
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Khalil A, Mathé C, Périgaud C. Rapid synthesis of 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′β-fluoro-pyrimidine nucleosides from 2′-deoxypyrimidine nucleosides. Bioorg Chem 2010; 38:271-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yamada K, Matsumoto N, Hayakawa H. Stereoselective synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinofuranosyl-alpha-1-phosphate and its application to the synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl purine nucleosides by a chemo-enzymatic method. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2010; 28:1117-30. [PMID: 20183578 DOI: 10.1080/15257770903396741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective introduction of a phosphate moiety into 2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinofuranose derivatives at the anomeric position was investigated by two methods. One involved a stereoselective hydrolysis of 1-bromo-derivative, and the consecutive phosphorylation of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-D-arabinofuranose via a phosphoramidite derivative. The other method involved stereoselective alpha-phosphorylation of the 1-bromo-derivative at the 1-position. The resulting alpha-1-phosphate was utilized to prepare 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoroarabinofuranosyl purine nucleosides by an enzymatic glycosylation reaction. This chemo-enzymatic method will be applicable to the synthesis of some 2'F-araNs, and three important 2'F-araNs were actually obtained in 30-40% yields from 1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-alpha-D-arabinose with high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamada
- Biochemicals Division, Yamasa Corporation, Choshi, Chiba, Japan.
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Tiwari KN, Shortnacy-Fowler AT, Parker WB, Waud WR, Secrist JA. Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of 4'-C-methyl-2'-fluoro arabino nucleosides. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2010; 28:657-77. [PMID: 20183608 DOI: 10.1080/15257770903091946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
As part of an ongoing program to develop novel antitumor agents over the years, we have synthesized and evaluated a number of 4'-C-substituted nucleosides. A few years ago, we reported the first synthesis of 4'-C-hydroxymethyl-2'-fluoro arabino nucleosides, which did not exhibit any cytotoxicity. In our exploration of related compounds, we synthesized and evaluated the 4'-C-methyl-2'-fluoro arabino nucleosides in both the purine and pyrimidine series. In the pyrimidine series, 1-(4-C-methyl-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) cytosine (13) was found to be highly cytotoxic and had significant antitumor activity in mice implanted with human tumor xenografts. The synthesis and anticancer activity of this series of nucleosides are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal N Tiwari
- Southern Research Institute, Drug Discovery Division, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- The University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA 30602
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Liao J, Sun J, Yu B. Effective synthesis of nucleosides with glycosyl trifluoroacetimidates as donors. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Novotny L, Abdel-Hamid M, Hamza H. Inosine and 2'-deoxyinosine and their synthetic analogues: lipophilicity in the relation to their retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography and the stability characteristics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2000; 24:125-32. [PMID: 11108546 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purines and among them inosine synthetic nucleoside derivatives and analogues belong to a group of compounds to which the attention is being paid because of their biological activities. Relationships of their various parameters are being investigated because of their effect on biological (antineoplastic, virostatic, immunosuppressive) properties. Hydrophobicity parameters expressed as the logarithm of the partition coefficient (log P) and the capacity factor k' for naturally occurring inosine, 2'-deoxyinosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine and for inosine synthetic analogues 5'-deoxyinosine, 5'-chloro-5'-deoxyinosine and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine were measured. The effect of methanol percentage in the mobile phase and its pH on the retention of the studied compounds in a reversed-phase system was also examined. There was a good correlation between the lipophilicity expressed as log P and capacity factor k'. It was also determined that dissociation has a marginal effect on capacity factor k' in this group of nucleoside derivatives as the k' values were almost unchanged at various pH of the mobile phase used. The stability of the all investigated compounds was investigated in basic, neutral and acidic conditions. The values of the reaction constant k1 were calculated and effects of nucleoside structural characteristic on stability are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Novotny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat.
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Cavalcanti SC, Xiang Y, Newton MG, Schinazi RF, Cheng YC, Chu CK. Synthesis of 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-fluoro-L-threo-pentofuranosyl nucleosides as potential antiviral agents. NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES 1999; 18:2233-52. [PMID: 10616728 DOI: 10.1080/07328319908044878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-fluoro-L-threo-pentofuranosyl nucleosides has been synthesized as potential antiviral agents. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against HIV-1, HBV, HSV-1, and HSV-2. Among the synthesized analogues, only the cytosine derivative showed moderate antiviral activity against HIV and HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Cavalcanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Faivre-Nitschke SE, Grienenberger JM, Gualberto JM. A prokaryotic-type cytidine deaminase from Arabidopsis thaliana gene expression and functional characterization. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 263:896-903. [PMID: 10469156 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The gene and cDNA of an Arabidopsis thaliana cytidine deaminase (CDA) were cloned and sequenced. The gene, At-cda1, is located on chromosome 2 and is expressed in all plant tissues tested, although with quantitative differences. Expression analysis suggest that At-cda1 probably codes for the housekeeping cytidine deaminase of Arabidopsis. The gene was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli and the protein, At-CDA1, shows similar enzymatic and substrate specificities as conventional cytidine deaminases: it deaminates cytidine and deoxycytidine and is competitively inhibited by cytosine-containing compounds. Because the protein shows no affinity to RNA, it is not likely to be involved in RNA-editing by C-to-U deamination. When compared to cytidine deaminases from other organisms, it becomes clear that At-CDA1 is related, both in sequence and structure, to the CDA of E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria. The eubacterial nature of the Arabidopsis CDA suggests that it is an additional example of a plant gene of endosymbiotic origin.
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Tuntland T, Odinecs A, Pereira CM, Nosbisch C, Unadkat JD. In vitro models to predict the in vivo mechanism, rate, and extent of placental transfer of dideoxynucleoside drugs against human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180:198-206. [PMID: 9914604 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that the mechanism, rate, and extent of in vivo placental transfer of dideoxynucleoside drugs against human immunodeficiency virus can be predicted by the in vitro perfused human placenta and the drug octanol-water partition coefficient. STUDY DESIGN Near-term pregnant macaques (Macaca nemestrina ) underwent long-term catheterization for the administration of 4 dideoxynucleosides against human immunodeficiency virus: zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, and stavudine. Maternal plasma, fetal plasma, and amniotic fluid concentrations were determined frequently after intravenous bolus and/or infusion of the drugs administered into the maternal or fetal circulation on separate occasions. Antipyrine was included in all experiments as a marker of placental blood flow. The mechanism, rate, and extent of placental transfer of the 4 dideoxynucleosides in perfused human placenta were determined and compared with the findings obtained by others. RESULTS The mechanism and rate of the antipyrine-normalized placental transfer of the 4 dideoxynucleosides in perfused human placenta were highly correlated with those observed in vivo. The extent of placental transfer (fetal/maternal steady-state plasma concentration ratio) was also highly correlated with both the antipyrine-normalized placental transfer clearance (clearance index) determined in the in vitro perfused human placenta model (r 2 = 0.95, in vitro clearance-index model) and the drug octanol-water partition coefficient (r 2 = 0.99, in vitro partition-coefficient model). To determine the predictive capacity of these correlative models, we predicted the fetal/maternal steady-state plasma concentration ratio of each drug after excluding the data on that drug from the model fit. Both in vitro models to predict in vivo placental transfer of drug models resulted in good predictions of the observed fetal/maternal steady-state plasma concentration ratio (mean error: in vitro clearance-index model = -1. 2%; in vitro partition-coefficient model = 3.9%). CONCLUSIONS We propose that our models will accurately predict the extent of placental transfer of dideoxynucleoside drugs against human immunodeficiency virus. The models may also be applicable to other classes of drugs, regardless of therapeutic category, provided that these drugs passively diffuse across the placenta. Such a result will expedite phase 1 clinical trials of drugs in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tuntland
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7610, USA
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Barchi JJ, Jeong LS, Siddiqui MA, Marquez VE. Conformational analysis of the complete series of 2' and 3' monofluorinated dideoxyuridines. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 1997; 34:11-29. [PMID: 9089381 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(96)00032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The solution conformations of a set of uridine 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides, where each of the hydrogens at the 2'- and 3'-positions of the sugar ring were individually replaced with a fluorine atom, were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and pseudorotational analysis. The distribution of the north/south (N/S) puckering equilibrium for each compound was calculated by coupling constant analysis aided by the program PSEUROT. The data confirmed that the pseudorotational equilibrium of the fluorinated glycones is governed by the position of the fluorine atom. The preferred rotamer populations about the C4'-C5' (gamma) and C1'-N1' (chi) bonds calculated from coupling constant and NOE analysis, respectively, were also influenced by the presence of fluorine. Proton coupling to the fluorine atom was also used to qualitatively estimate the N/S equilibrium population. Through space, long range 1H-19F coupling constants were observed in compounds where the fluorine atom was above the plane of the ring ('up'). The pseudorotational parameters of the compounds described were tempered by the anomeric effect which drives the pseudorotational equilibrium towards the 2'-exo/3'-endo (northern) pucker. Ab initio calculations using the 3-21 G* basis set yielded a measure of the energy differences between the N and S local minima in each compound. These results agree with previous conformational studies of other fluorinated nucleoside analogues and prove that the furanose ring pucker is governed by the highly electronegative fluorine atom. However, the competing anomeric effect plays a major role in determining the mole fraction of the minor conformer of these compounds in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Barchi
- Division of Basic Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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13
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Barchi JJ, Cooney DA, Hao Z, Weinberg ZH, Taft C, Marquez VE, Ford H. Improved synthesis of zebularine [1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-dihydropyrimidin-2-one] nucleotides as inhibitors of human deoxycytidylate deaminase. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 1995; 9:147-62. [PMID: 8583252 DOI: 10.3109/14756369509042814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The 2'-deoxy (2a) and 2'-ara-fluoro (3a) derivatives of zebularine [1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-dihydropyrimidin-2-one, 1a] were phosphorylated in high yield to the 5'-nucleotides 2b and 3b, respectively, and characterized by HPLC, enzyme degradation, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR, and high resolution mass spectral analysis. Their inhibitory activity against partially purified MOLT-4 deoxycytidylate deaminase (dCMPD) in the presence of the allosteric effector deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and Mg+2 ion was examined. Compounds 2b and 3b inhibited dCMPD with Ki values of 2.1 x 10(-8) M and 1.2 x 10(-8) M, respectively. The parent nucleotide, zebularine monophosphate 1b was ineffective at concentrations > 100 mumol. The effect of the nucleosides, 1a-3a, as well as tetrahydrouridine (THU) and 2'-deoxy THU (dTHU), on the cellular production of DNA precursors was examined in human MOLT-4 peripheral lymphoblasts. It was shown that 1a, 2a and 3a all elevated intracellular dCTP and TTP levels in whole cells with the most powerful effect elicited by 1a. The 2'-fluoro derivative 3a was chemically phosphorylated much more cleanly and higher yield than 2a, without the formation of diphosphorylated by-products. This compound was found to be infinitely less sensitive to acid-catalyzed degradation than 2a. Since the substitution of fluorine for hydrogen had a slight potentiating effect on the dCMPD inhibitory activity while stabilizing the compound toward acid-catalyzed and enzymatic depyrimidination, compound 3b emerges as a very attractive tool for the pharmacological modulation of pyrimidine deaminase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Barchi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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Tsai CH, Doong SL, Johns DG, Driscoll JS, Cheng YC. Effect of anti-HIV 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogs on the cellular content of mitochondrial DNA and on lactate production. Biochem Pharmacol 1994; 48:1477-81. [PMID: 7945448 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(94)90573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Many dideoxynucleosides that are effective against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) also are potent inhibitors of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis, and the resulting mtDNA decrease could be responsible for the delayed clinical toxicity sometimes observed with these drugs. The following compounds have been examined for their toxicity to human lymphoid CEM cells, and their ability to suppress mtDNA content: 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddA), 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) and 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine (ddG); and their 2'-beta-fluoro analogs; beta-F-ddC, beta-F-ddA, beta-F-ddI and beta-F-ddG. Two other fluoro analogs, 5-F-ddC and 2'-beta,5-di-F-ddC were also examined. The ratio of C-IC50 (concentration that inhibited cell growth by 50%) to mt-IC50 (concentration that inhibited mtDNA synthesis by 50%) was determined for each compound. The rank-order of this ratio was ddC > 5-F-ddC >> ddA > ddI > ddG > beta-F-ddC > beta-F-ddA > beta-F-ddG with the highest ratios indicating the greatest potential for delayed toxicity. In comparison with ddC, beta-F-ddC and beta-F-ddA were 5,000 and 22,000 times less potent, respectively, in suppressing cellular mtDNA content, while their anti-HIV potencies were decreased only modestly relative to their unfluorinated parent compounds. beta-F-ddI and 2'-beta,5-di-F-ddC produced neither cellular toxicity nor mtDNA suppression at concentrations of 500 and 1000 microM, respectively. Lactic acid, the product of compensatory glycolysis that results from the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, was measured after cells were treated with these compounds. There appears to be a concentration-related correlation between the increase of lactic acid and the extent of mtDNA inhibition for the compounds examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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15
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Gosselin G, Schinazi RF, Sommadossi JP, Mathé C, Bergogne MC, Aubertin AM, Kirn A, Imbach JL. Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities of the beta-L enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine and its 5-fluoro derivative in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38:1292-7. [PMID: 8092827 PMCID: PMC188200 DOI: 10.1128/aac.38.6.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The L enantiomer of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (DDC) was recently shown to inhibit selectively human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. In the current study, the potent anti-HIV activity of L-DDC was confirmed and extended to several HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains in various cell culture systems, including primary human lymphocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, its 5-fluoro congener, beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (L-FDDC), was found to have more potent anti-HIV activity and a higher therapeutic index in acutely infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These compounds had no marked activity against HIV-1 isolates resistant to the oxathiolane pyrimidine nucleosides (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine [(-)-FTC] and (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine, but 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)-resistant viruses were susceptible to L-DDC and L-FDDC. Cytotoxicity studies with human myeloid progenitor cells indicated that L-DDC and L-FDDC had median inhibitory concentrations comparable to those of AZT, DDC, and FDDC, but L-DDC and L-FDDC were significantly less toxic than AZT, DDC, and FDDC when erythroid progenitor cells were used. L-FDDC had the highest selectivity indices (6,000 and 9,000 for erythroid and myeloid progenitor cells, respectively) of all the compounds evaluated. Further preclinical development of L-FDDC is warranted in order to determine its potential usefulness in the treatment of HIV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gosselin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, URA Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 488, Université de Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, France
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Ford H, Driscoll JS, Siddiqui M, Kelley JA, Mitsuya H, Shirasaka T, Johns DG, Marquez VE. Chemistry and Anti-HIV Activity of 2′-β-Fluoro-2′,3′-dideoxyguanosine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/15257779408013236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Gosselin G, Puech F, Génu-Dellac C, Imbach JL. 1,2-Di-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-xylofuranose. A versatile precursor for the synthesis of 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-beta-D-xylofuranosyl nucleosides as potential antiviral agents. Carbohydr Res 1993; 249:1-17. [PMID: 8252548 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(93)84056-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Gosselin
- Université de Montpellier II, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-organique, U.R.A., France
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18
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Barchi JJ, Haces A, Marquez VE, McCormack JJ. Inhibition of Cytidine Deaminase by Derivatives of 1-(β-D-Ribofuranosyl)-Dihydropyrimidin-2-One (Zebularine). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319208017823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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