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Saeedi M, Lyubartsev AP, Jalili S. Anesthetics mechanism on a DMPC lipid membrane model: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations. Biophys Chem 2017; 226:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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2
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Steinkopf S, Hanekam L, Schaathun M, Budnjo A, Haug BE, Nerdal W. Interaction of local anaesthetic articaine enantiomers with brain lipids: A Langmuir monolayer study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:394-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Balaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA.
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4
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Song C, Lygre H, Nerdal W. Articaine interaction with DSPC bilayer: A 13C and 31P solid-state NMR study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 33:399-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2008.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Morrell A, Placzek M, Parmley S, Grella B, Antony S, Pommier Y, Cushman M. Optimization of the Indenone Ring of Indenoisoquinoline Topoisomerase I Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:4388-404. [PMID: 17676830 DOI: 10.1021/jm070307+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two series of indenoisoquinoline topoisomerase I inhibitors have been prepared to investigate optimal substituents on the indenone ring at the 9-position. The more exhaustive series was prepared using a nitrated isoquinoline ring that has been previously demonstrated to enhance biological activity. After preliminary biological evaluation, a more focused series of inhibitors was prepared utilizing a 2,3-dimethoxy-substituted isoquinoline ring. The results of the two series indicate the existence of superior functional groups such as methoxy, fluorine, and cyano for the indenoisoquinoline 9-position. Interestingly, these functional groups coincide with established structure-activity relationships for the 11-position of camptothecin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Morrell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Purdue Cancer Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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6
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Perzyna A, Marty C, Facompré M, Goossens JF, Pommery N, Colson P, Houssier C, Houssin R, Hénichart JP, Bailly C. Formaldehyde-induced DNA cross-link of indolizino[1,2-b]quinolines derived from the A-D rings of camptothecin. J Med Chem 2002; 45:5809-12. [PMID: 12477365 DOI: 10.1021/jm020235g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin consists of a lactone E ring adjacent to tetracyclic A-D rings of a planar chromophore, which are essential for topoisomerase I inhibition and DNA interaction. The A-D rings can be exploited to develop DNA-sequence-reading molecules. Indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline derivatives substituted with a piperidinoethyloxy side chain and an aminomethyl function on rings A and D, respectively, were synthesized, and their DNA binding and formaldehyde-mediated bonding properties were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Perzyna
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol, EA 2692, Université de Lille 2, BP 83, 59006 Lille, France
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7
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Wang CC, Dervan PB. Sequence-specific trapping of topoisomerase I by DNA binding polyamide-camptothecin conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:8657-61. [PMID: 11535069 DOI: 10.1021/ja010392p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hairpin pyrrole-imidazole polyamides are synthetic ligands that bind in the minor groove of DNA with affinities and specificities comparable to those of DNA binding proteins. Three polyamide-camptothecin conjugates 1-3 with linkers varying in length between 7, 13, and 18 atoms were synthesized to trap the enzyme Topoisomerase I and induce cleavage at predetermined DNA sites. One of these, polyamide-camptothecin conjugate 3 at nanomolar concentration (50 nM) in the presence of Topo I (37 degrees C), induces DNA cleavage between three and four base pairs from the polyamide binding site in high yield (77%).
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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8
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Ritchie RH, Sallustio BC, Hii JT, Horowitz JD. Short-term myocardial uptake of d- and l-sotalol in humans: relation to hemodynamic and electrophysiologic effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1998; 31:876-84. [PMID: 9641472 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-199806000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The myocardial concentration of many cardioactive drugs has been identified as an important determinant of their short-term effects in previous studies. Although sotalol is frequently administered via short-term intravenous injection, no previous studies had sought to correlate its uptake by the heart with its various effects. We determined the time course of short-term uptake of d,l-sotalol by human myocardium in vivo and investigated the relation between myocardial content of sotalol and the short-term hemodynamic, electrocardiographic, and electrophysiologic effects of the drug. Sixteen patients received a 20-mg intravenous bolus of sotalol at the time of diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Myocardial content of d- and l-sotalol (by using a paired transcoronary sampling technique) and the short-term hemodynamic and electrophysiologic effects of the drug were determined < or = 20 min after injection. Myocardial accumulation of sotalol was not enantioselective, proceeded very rapidly (maximal at 0.74 +/- 0.10 min, representing 2.05 +/- 0.45% of the total injected dose), and was not significantly influenced by left ventricular systolic function or the extent of coronary artery disease. Approximately one third of peak myocardial content was still present 17.5 min after sotalol administration. Maximal effects of the drug (reduction in spontaneous heart rate, p < 0.005; reduction in maximal rate of LV pressure increase (LV+dP/dtmax, p < 0.005); and prolongation of PR intervals, p < 0.02) were delayed by approximately 10 min relative to maximal myocardial sotalol content. The significant prolongation of AH intervals (p < 0.01) and atrioventricular nodal effective refractory periods (p < 0.0002) that was observed was also maximal 10 min after administration of sotalol. Thus a consistent delay between myocardial sotalol content and the short-term effects of the drug was observed. In conclusion, the accumulation of both d- and l-sotalol by the human myocardium is more rapid than that of any other agent studied to date, with considerable hysteresis between myocardial drug uptake and subsequent cardiac effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Ritchie
- Department of Cardiology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
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9
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Cao Z, Harris N, Kozielski A, Vardeman D, Stehlin JS, Giovanella B. Alkyl esters of camptothecin and 9-nitrocamptothecin: synthesis, in vitro pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and antitumor activity. J Med Chem 1998; 41:31-7. [PMID: 9438019 DOI: 10.1021/jm9607562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Eleven camptothecin esters, 6a-e and 7a-f, were prepared by straightforward acylation of camptothecins with the corresponding acylating reagents such as organic anhydrides and carboxylic acid chlorides. The in vitro pharmacokinetic determination of lactone levels of esters 6a and 7b showed that the biological life span of their lactone forms in human and mouse plasma significantly increased when compared with their mother compounds, camptothecin (3) and 9-nitrocamptothecin (4). The differences of lactone levels between human plasma and mouse plasma for 6a and 7b were much smaller than what was observed for their mother compounds. The in vivo antitumor activity and toxicity studies demonstrated that some of these esters were very active against human tumor xenografts in nude mice and had an exceptional lack of toxicity in nude mice, even at enormous doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Cao
- Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research, Houston, Texas 77003, USA
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10
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Henegar KE, Ashford SW, Baughman TA, Sih JC, Gu RL. Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of (S)-4-Ethyl-7,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrano[3,4-f]indolizine- 3,6,10(4H)-trione, a Key Intermediate for the Synthesis of Irinotecan and Other Camptothecin Analogs. J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jo970173f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E. Henegar
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
| | - Scott W. Ashford
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
| | - Ted A. Baughman
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
| | - John C. Sih
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
| | - Rui-Lin Gu
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Pharmacia & Upjohn, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001
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11
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Zhao R, al-Said NH, Sternbach DL, Lown JW. Camptothecin and minor-groove binder hybrid molecules: synthesis, inhibition of topoisomerase I, and anticancer cytotoxicity in vitro. J Med Chem 1997; 40:216-25. [PMID: 9003520 DOI: 10.1021/jm9605804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I, and biological evaluation of a series of 14 camptothecin derivatives of polypyrrolecarboxamide (lexitropsin) conjugates of two structural classes: (A) camptothecin-NHCO-lexitropsin 44-51 and (B) camptothecin-CONH-lexitropsin 38-43 are described. All 16 compounds tested, 14 conjugates plus two functionalized camptothecin controls, inhibit topoisomerase I in the concentration range 1.12-16.6 microM that divide into three distinct categories based on activity. The most active enzyme inhibitors belong to structure class A with either cationic dimethylaminium or neutral amide end groups. Generally class B conjugates are less effective in inhibiting topoisomerase I. Cytotoxic potencies of the drugs was tested against four representative human tumor cell lines: SKOV3, SKLVB, HT29, and KB. All 16 drugs gave measurable IC50 values against the KB cell line and fell into two categories with IC50 values of 0.049-0.66 microM (largely structure class B) and 1.0-48 microM (largely class A). Thus the class B conjugates, while less potent against the enzyme, contain two of the most potent drugs, 38 and 39, against KB cell lines. In contrast, in the case of the cell lines SKOV3 and HT29 there was a general correlation between the better topoisomerase inhibitors and their cell cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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12
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Lackey K, Sternbach DD, Croom DK, Emerson DL, Evans MG, Leitner PL, Luzzio MJ, McIntyre G, Vuong A, Yates J, Besterman JM. Water soluble inhibitors of topoisomerase I: quaternary salt derivatives of camptothecin. J Med Chem 1996; 39:713-9. [PMID: 8576914 DOI: 10.1021/jm950507y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Eleven water soluble 7-substituted quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of 10,11-(methylenedioxy)- and 10,11-(ethylenedioxy)-(20S)-camptothecin were synthesized via the Friedlander reaction followed by nucleophilic displacement with an aromatic amine. All of these compounds were more potent than camptothecin in the in vitro cleavable complex assay. These inherently charged camptothecin derivatives were cytotoxic against three different human tumor cell lines (SKOV3, an ovarian adenocarcinoma; SKVLB a multidrug resistant ovarian adenocarcinoma; and HT-29, a colon carcinoma). A selected group of five compounds was evaluated in the nude mouse HT-29 xenograft model. Two of these quaternary salts (17 and 18) were more efficacious than Topotecan in delaying tumor growth. In an extended in vivo model, 18 demonstrated tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lackey
- Glaxo Wellcome Research Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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13
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Powell AC, Horowitz JD, Hasin Y, Syrjanen ML, Horomidis S, Louis WJ. Acute myocardial uptake of digoxin in humans: correlation with hemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15:1238-47. [PMID: 2329227 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(10)80007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial uptake of digoxin was measured at a constant paced heart rate (75 beats/min) for 30 min after an intravenous bolus injection of 500 micrograms of digoxin in 14 patients with ischemic heart disease. Myocardial digoxin content, determined by serial measurement of aortocoronary sinus digoxin concentration gradients and coronary sinus blood flow, was expressed relative to coronary sinus blood flow at rest and correlated with simultaneous hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes. Myocardial digoxin uptake was extensive (4.1 +/- 0.7% of total injected dose at 30 min) and prolonged, with rapid initial uptake (75.3 +/- 6.6% of maximum at 3 min), followed by a variable phase of slower accumulation. Peak left ventricular positive first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt) increased progressively (p less than 0.01), with a similar time course to that of myocardial digoxin accumulation; maximal change was 18.5 +/- 4.7% at 27 min. The ratio of inotropic effect to myocardial digoxin content did not vary significantly over the period of the experiment. However, peak inotropic effects in individual patients were not significantly related to peak myocardial digoxin content. The spontaneous PR interval increased transiently, with a peak increase of 5.9 +/- 1.8% (p less than 0.05) 12 min after digoxin administration. It is concluded that after intravenous bolus administration, 1) peak effects of digoxin on atrioventricular (AV) conduction occur early, whereas positive inotropic effects increase progressively for greater than or equal to 27 min; and 2) digoxin accumulation in the human myocardium is prolonged and is a determinant of inotropic effects, but not of prolongation of AV node conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Powell
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Antoni G, Ulin J, Långström B. Synthesis of the 11C-labelled β-adrenergic receptor ligands atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0883-2889(89)90109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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AUSTEL V, KUTTER E. Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism of Drugs. Med Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-695150-9.50015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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17
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UNGER STEFANH. Cardiovascular Agents. Med Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-695150-9.50009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Vághy PL, Matlib MA, Szekeres L, Schwartz A. Protective effects on verapamil and diltiazem against inorganic phosphate induced impairment of oxidative phosphorylation of isolated heart mitochondria. Biochem Pharmacol 1981; 30:2603-10. [PMID: 7306212 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(81)90588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Lüllmann H, Plösch H, Ziegler A. Ca replacement by cationic amphiphilic drugs from lipid monolayers. Biochem Pharmacol 1980; 29:2969-74. [PMID: 7458948 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(80)90046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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