1
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Theodosis-Nobelos P, Papagiouvannis G, Kourounakis PN, Rekka EA. Active Anti-Inflammatory and Hypolipidemic Derivatives of Lorazepam. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183277. [PMID: 31505754 PMCID: PMC6767220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel derivatives of some non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as of the antioxidants α-lipoic acid, trolox and (E)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid with lorazepam were synthesised by a straightforward method at satisfactory to high yields (40%–93%). All the tested derivatives strongly decreased lipidemic indices in rat plasma after Triton induced hyperlipidaemia. They also reduced acute inflammation and a number of them demonstrated lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Those compounds acquiring antioxidant moiety were inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and radical scavengers. Therefore, the synthesised compounds may add to the current knowledge about multifunctional agents acting against various disorders implicating inflammation, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theodosis-Nobelos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus.
| | - Georgios Papagiouvannis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Panos N Kourounakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Eleni A Rekka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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2
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Wang X, Yi X, Xu H, Dai HX. Cu-Mediated C–H Thioetherification of Arenes at Room Temperature. Org Lett 2019; 21:5981-5985. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing Yi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Dutra RC. Kinin receptors: Key regulators of autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:192-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4
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Lupala CS, Gomez-Gutierrez P, Perez JJ. New insights into the stereochemical requirements of the bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists binding. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 68:184-196. [PMID: 27469392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bradykinin (BK) is a nonapeptide involved in several pathophysiological conditions including among others, septic and haemorrhagic shock, anaphylaxis, arthritis, rhinitis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease. Accordingly, BK antagonists have long been sought after for therapeutic intervention. Action of BK is mediated through two different G-protein coupled receptors known as B1 and B2. Although there are several B1 antagonists reported in literature, their pharmacological profile is not yet optimal so that new molecules need to be discovered. In the present work we have constructed an atomistic model of the B1 receptor and docked diverse available non-peptide antagonists in order to get a deeper insight into the structure-activity relationships involving binding to this receptor. The model was constructed by homology modeling using the chemokine CXC4 and bovine rhodopsin receptors as template. The model was further refined using molecular dynamics for 600ns with the protein embedded in a POPC bilayer. From the refinement process we obtained an average structure that was used for docking studies using the Glide software. Antagonists selected for the docking studies include Compound 11, Compound 12, Chroman28, SSR240612, NPV-SAA164 and PS020990. The results of the docking study underline the role of specific receptor residues in ligand binding. The results of this study permitted to define a pharmacophore that describes the stereochemical requirements of antagonist binding, and can be used for the discovery of new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecylia S Lupala
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB. Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gomez-Gutierrez
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB. Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Perez
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB. Av. Diagonal, 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Talele TT. The "Cyclopropyl Fragment" is a Versatile Player that Frequently Appears in Preclinical/Clinical Drug Molecules. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8712-8756. [PMID: 27299736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing use of the cyclopropyl ring in drug development to transition drug candidates from the preclinical to clinical stage. Important features of the cyclopropane ring are, the (1) coplanarity of the three carbon atoms, (2) relatively shorter (1.51 Å) C-C bonds, (3) enhanced π-character of C-C bonds, and (4) C-H bonds are shorter and stronger than those in alkanes. The present review will focus on the contributions that a cyclopropyl ring makes to the properties of drugs containing it. Consequently, the cyclopropyl ring addresses multiple roadblocks that can occur during drug discovery such as (a) enhancing potency, (b) reducing off-target effects,
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaji T Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
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6
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Dörr AA, Lubell WD. γ-Turn Mimicry with Benzodiazepinones and Pyrrolobenzodiazepinones Synthesized from a Common Amino Ketone Intermediate. Org Lett 2015; 17:3592-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie A. Dörr
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128,
Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128,
Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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7
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Analgesic Effects of 3-Substituted Derivatives of 1,4-Benzodiazepines and their Possible Mechanisms. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-013-9389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Abstract
1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones have applications in many areas of medicinal chemistry that are not restricted to 'classical' CNS treatments such as sedatives, epilepsy and muscle relaxants. We will describe selected examples of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones in other areas of medicinal chemistry including uses as G-protein-coupled receptor antagonists, enzyme inhibitors and anticancer agents. Examples from our group will mainly show the use of palladacycle complexes of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones as anticancer agents.
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9
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Boutard N, Dufour-Gallant J, Deaudelin P, Lubell WD. Pyrrolo[3,2-e][1,4]diazepin-2-one Synthesis: A Head-to-Head Comparison of Soluble versus Insoluble Supports. J Org Chem 2011; 76:4533-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200424q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Boutard
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Julien Dufour-Gallant
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Philippe Deaudelin
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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10
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Bodmer-Narkevitch V, Anthony NJ, Cofre V, Jolly SM, Murphy KL, Ransom RW, Reiss DR, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Pettibone DJ, Bock MG, Kuduk SD. Indazole derivatives as novel bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7011-4. [PMID: 20971001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new class of indazole-derived bradykinin B(1) antagonists and their structure-activity relationships (SAR) is reported. A number of compounds were found to have low-nanomolar affinity for the human B(1) receptor and possess acceptable P-gp and pharmacokinetics properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Bodmer-Narkevitch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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11
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Huang H, Player MR. Bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for pain. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5383-99. [PMID: 20369879 DOI: 10.1021/jm1000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776, USA
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12
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Liu Q, Qian W, Li A, Biswas K, Chen JJ, Fotsch C, Han N, Yuan C, Arik L, Biddlecome G, Johnson E, Kumar G, Lester-Zeiner D, Ng GY, Hungate RW, Askew BC. Aryl sulfonamides containing tetralin allylic amines as potent and selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4593-7. [PMID: 20573508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The bradykinin B1 receptor has been shown to mediate pain response and is rapidly induced upon injury. Blocking this receptor may provide a promising treatment for inflammation and pain. We previously reported tetralin benzyl amines as potent B1 antagonists. Here we describe the synthesis and SAR of B1 receptor antagonists with homobenzylic amines. The SAR of different linkers led to the discovery of tetralin allylic amines as potent and selective B1 receptor antagonists (hB1 IC(50)=1.3 nM for compound 16). Some of these compounds showed modest oral bioavailability in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyian Liu
- Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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13
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Singh H, Sattayasai J, Lattmann P, Boonprakob Y, Lattmann E. Antidepressant/anxiolytic and anti-nociceptive effects of novel 2-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepine-2-ones. Sci Pharm 2010; 78:155-69. [PMID: 21179341 PMCID: PMC3002793 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1004-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxazepam (4a) has been used as overall starting material in the synthesis of novel 2-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepines. By reacting Oxazepam 4a with commercially available hydrazines, hydrazides, semicarbazide, aminoguanidine and N,N-dimethylamino aniline in ethanol under acetic conditions, a series of diazenyl-1,4-benzodiazepines 5a–5i and 2-amino-1,4-benzodiazepine 5k were obtained in good yields. These novel compounds served as new chemical entities (NCE) for testing in mice. The diazo-benzodiazepine 5d has shown a promising antidepressant effect in initial experiments in vivo at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The highly coloured 2-aminobenzodiazepine derivative 5k showed over a dose range from 5–50 mg/kg an analgesic effect in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjit Singh
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Pharmacy, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, England
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14
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Novel strategies for the treatment of inflammatory hyperalgesia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 66:429-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-010-0784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Huszár J, Timár Z, Bogár F, Penke B, Kiss R, Szalai KK, Schmidt É, Papp A, Keserű G. Aspartic acid scaffold in bradykinin B1 antagonists. J Pept Sci 2009; 15:423-34. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Duchene J, Ahluwalia A. The kinin B(1) receptor and inflammation: new therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2009; 9:125-31. [PMID: 19124274 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The kinin B(1) receptor plays an important role in mediating the inflammatory effects of the kallikrein-kinin pathway. The recent development of orally available non-peptidic antagonists and genetically modified mice deficient in B(1) receptor expression have demonstrated that the receptor plays a pivotal role in the cellular, particularly neutrophil, recruitment associated with an acute inflammatory response. These tools have also enabled elucidation of the pathways involved in mediating this effect and have highlighted a major role for chemokines, particularly CXCL5 and CCL2. Neutrophil recruitment is involved in the pathogenesis of renal disease and has very recently been implicated in the early stages of atherosclerosis. In this review we discuss the most recent evidence linking the B(1) receptor with the pathogenesis of these two inflammatory cardiovascular diseases and highlight the therapeutic potential of the kinin B(1) receptor in these disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Duchene
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
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17
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Sulfonamido-aryl ethers as bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:119-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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1-Benzylbenzimidazoles: The discovery of a novel series of bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5027-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Revised: 08/03/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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19
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Novel bradykinin-1 antagonists containing a (1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-1-yl)acetic acid scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:1552-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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A new class of bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists with high oral bioavailability and minimal PXR activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:682-7. [PMID: 18240388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a novel class of human bradykinin B1 antagonists featuring difluoroethyl ether and isoxazole carboxamide moieties are disclosed. Compound 7g displayed excellent pharmacokinetic properties, efficient ex vivo receptor occupancy, and low potential for P450 induction via PXR activation.
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21
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Chen JJ, Biswas K. Small molecule bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for pain. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2008; 46:173-204. [PMID: 18381126 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(07)00004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jeffrey Chen
- Chemistry Research and Discovery, Amgen Inc., MS 29-1-B, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
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22
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Wood MR, Schirripa KM, Kim JJ, Kuduk SD, Chang RK, Di Marco CN, DiPardo RM, Wan BL, Murphy KL, Ransom RW, Chang RS, Holahan MA, Cook JJ, Lemaire W, Mosser SD, Bednar RA, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Wallace AA, Mei Q, Yu J, Bohn DL, Clayton FC, Adarayn ED, Sitko GR, Leonard YM, Freidinger RM, Pettibone DJ, Bock MG. α-Hydroxy amides as a novel class of bradykinin B1 selective antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:716-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2007] [Revised: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Blakeney JS, Reid RC, Le GT, Fairlie DP. Nonpeptidic Ligands for Peptide-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2960-3041. [PMID: 17622179 DOI: 10.1021/cr050984g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jade S Blakeney
- Centre for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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24
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Su DS, Lim JL, Markowitz MK, Wan BL, Murphy KL, Reiss DR, Harrell CM, O'Malley SS, Ransom RW, Chang RSL, Pettibone DJ, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Freidinger RM, Bock MG. Potent bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists: 4-Substituted phenyl cyclohexanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3006-9. [PMID: 17428657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Selective bradykinin (BK) B(1) receptor antagonists have been shown to be antinociceptive in animal models and could be novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain and inflammation. Elucidation of the structure-activity relationships of the biphenyl moiety of the lead compound 1 provided a potent new structural class of BK B(1) receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Shi Su
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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25
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Abstract
Neuropeptides and kinins are important messengers in the nervous system and--on the basis of their anatomical localisation and the effects produced when the substances themselves are administered, to animals or to human subjects-a significant number of them have been suggested to have a role in pain and inflammation. Experiments in gene deletion (knock-out or null mutant) mice and parallel experiments with pharmacological receptor antagonists in a variety of species have strengthened the evidence that a number of peptides, notably substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and the kinins have a pathophysiological role in nociception. Clinical studies with non-peptide pharmacological antagonists are now in progress to determine if blocking the action of these peptides might have utility in the treatment of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Hill
- Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Terlings Park, Harlow, Essex CM20 2QR, UK.
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26
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Abstract
The bradykinin B1 receptor is an inducible G-protein-coupled receptor. It is induced or upregulated at the site of inflammation or injury. A large body of preclinical data supports the development of B1 antagonists as novel therapeutics for the treatment of pain and inflammation. The necessary in vitro and in vivo drug discovery tools are currently available to evaluate novel B1 antagonists. Two major classes of small-molecule B1 antagonists, arylsulfonamide-based and biphenyl-based B1 antagonists, have been disclosed in the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jeffrey Chen
- Amgen Inc., Chemistry Research and Development, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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27
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Campos MM, Leal PC, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. Non-peptide antagonists for kinin B1 receptors: new insights into their therapeutic potential for the management of inflammation and pain. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2006; 27:646-51. [PMID: 17056130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 09/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Kinin B1 and B2 receptors are central to the aetiology of pain and inflammation. Constitutive B2 receptors are commonly associated with the acute phase of inflammation and nociception, whereas the inducible B1 receptors are mostly linked to the chronic or persistent phase (or both). Therefore, selective, orally active kinin B1 receptor antagonists could be potentially therapeutic. B1 receptor antagonists have long been exclusively peptides, but recently a few non-peptide representatives have been identified. The clinical potential of these non-peptide molecules has not yet been evaluated, but they might have a role in treating persistent inflammation and pain, especially when no satisfactory therapy is available. This review summarizes recent advances in the identification and the potential therapeutic properties of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88049-900, Brazil
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28
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Costa R, Fernandes ES, Menezes-de-Lima O, Campos MM, Calixto JB. Effect of novel selective non-peptide kinin B(1) receptor antagonists on mouse pleurisy induced by carrageenan. Peptides 2006; 27:2967-75. [PMID: 16914229 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2006] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two novel selective non-peptide kinin B(1) receptor antagonists, the benzodiazepine antagonist and SSR240612, were evaluated in carrageenan-induced mouse pleurisy. The peptide R-715 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and the non-peptide benzodiazepine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) antagonists significantly decreased cellular migration (predominantly neutrophils), without altering plasma exudation. SSR240612 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) diminished total cells and neutrophils, besides exudation. Oral administration of SSR240612 (10 mg/kg) also reduced total cell and neutrophil counts. Only the benzodiazepine antagonist inhibited the lung myeloperoxidase activity. No tested antagonist significantly altered the lung and pleural TNFalpha and IL-1beta production. We provide interesting evidence on the anti-inflammatory in vivo effects of non-peptide B(1) receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88049-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Mattos WM, Campos MM, Fernandes ES, Richetti GP, Niero R, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. Anti-edematogenic effects of velutinol A isolated from Mandevilla velutina: evidence for a selective inhibition of kinin B1 receptor-mediated responses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 136:98-104. [PMID: 16764951 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2006.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 03/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the effects of compound velutinol A obtained from M. velutina in the rat paw edema induced by several phlogistic agents. Attempts were made to analyze how velutinol A is able to inhibit kinin B(1) receptor-mediated inflammatory responses. Velutinol A (100 nmol/paw) partially reduced (about 30%) the edema evoked by carrageenan (300 microg/paw). However, velutinol A (100 nmol/paw) failed to affect the edema induced by histamine (200 nmol/paw), substance P (30 nmol/paw), PAF (10 nmol/paw) or BK (3 nmol/paw). Interestingly, the edema caused by the selective kinin B(1) receptor agonist des-Arg(9)-BK (100 nmol/paw) in animals pre-treated with PAF or LPS was significantly inhibited by velutinol A (100 nmol/paw) (48 and 46%, respectively). A similar inhibition of des-Arg(9)-BK-induced edema after pre-treatment with PAF was obtained with the non-peptidic and selective B(1) receptor antagonist SSR 240612 (60 nmol/paw) (46%). In addition, the systemic administration of velutinol A (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or SSR 240612 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) also caused a significant reduction of des-Arg(9)-BK (100 nmol/paw)-induced edema in PAF-treated rats (51 and 43%, respectively). The results provide convincing evidence that velutinol A selectively blocks the edema responses mediated by B(1) receptor activation in vivo. This compound might represent a new non-peptidic and selective antagonist for kinin B(1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilian M Mattos
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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30
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Moreau ME, Garbacki N, Molinaro G, Brown NJ, Marceau F, Adam A. The kallikrein-kinin system: current and future pharmacological targets. J Pharmacol Sci 2006; 99:6-38. [PMID: 16177542 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.srj05001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The kallikrein-kinin system is an endogenous metabolic cascade, triggering of which results in the release of vasoactive kinins (bradykinin-related peptides). This complex system includes the precursors of kinins known as kininogens and mainly tissue and plasma kallikreins. The pharmacologically active kinins, which are often considered as either proinflammatory or cardioprotective, are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. The interest of the various components of this multi-protein system is explained in part by the multiplicity of its pharmacological activities, mediated not only by kinins and their receptors, but also by their precursors and their activators and the metallopeptidases and the antiproteases that limit their activities. The regulation of this system by serpins and the wide distribution of the different constituents add to the complexity of this system, as well as its multiple relationships with other important metabolic pathways such as the renin-angiotensin, coagulation, or complement pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the main properties of this kallikrein-kinin system and to address the multiple pharmacological interventions that modulate the functions of this system, restraining its proinflammatory effects or potentiating its cardiovascular properties.
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31
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El Sayah M, Medeiros R, Fernandes ES, Campos MM, Calixto JB. Mechanisms underlying lipopolysaccharide-induced kinin B1 receptor up-regulation in the pig iris sphincter in vitro. Mol Pharmacol 2006; 69:1701-8. [PMID: 16467189 DOI: 10.1124/mol.105.021097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinin B1 receptors are known to be highly induced after inflammatory stimuli in several biological systems. We report that incubation of pig iris sphincter with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli caused a marked and time-related up-regulation of B1, accompanied by a reduction of B2 receptor-mediated contractile responses. The up-regulation of B1 receptors by lipopolysaccharide stimulation was decreased by the inhibitors of protein synthesis, cycloheximide and actinomycin D, and by dexamethasone and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). In addition, lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of B1 receptors in the pig iris sphincter was significantly reduced by the p38 inhibitor 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imidazole (SB203580) and to a lesser extent by the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) blocker 2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone (PD98059). Molecular biology experiments demonstrated that in vitro incubation with lipopolysaccharide resulted in a time-dependent and remarkable activation of NF-kappaB and of p38 and ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, in pig iris sphincter preparations. While attempting to verify how MAP kinases are part of the B1 receptor-activated signaling transduction pathways, we observed that PD98059 was able to markedly reduce the contraction induced by B1 receptor activation in lipopolysaccharide-pretreated pig iris sphincter muscle but that this response was only partially decreased by SB203580. Our results extend the previous evidence on the mechanisms underlying the B1 receptor upregulation processes and demonstrate for the first time how this takes place in an ocular tissue, the pig iris sphincter. It is therefore possible to define B1 receptors as therapeutic targets for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory alterations of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem El Sayah
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Bloco D, CCB, Postal Box 476, CEP 88049-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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32
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Abstract
Existing treatments for neuropathic pain deliver inadequate pain relief, unacceptable side effects, or both. The unmet medical need for more effective treatment is driving a large volume of research to discover new drugs. Most existing treatments are drugs introduced to treat other pain conditions or other medical conditions, such as antidepressants and anticonvulsants, which were found empirically to be effective for neuropathic pain. Only recently have drug discovery efforts have become mechanistically driven, addressing targets identified by a molecular neurobiological approach to the pathophysiology of neuropathic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S C Rice
- Department of Anaesthetics, Imperial College, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital Campus, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
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Hess JF, Chen RZ, Hey P, Breese R, Chang RSL, Chen TB, Bock MG, Vogt T, Pettibone DJ. Generation and characterization of a humanized bradykinin B1 receptor mouse. Biol Chem 2006; 387:195-201. [PMID: 16497152 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2006.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Antagonists of the B1 bradykinin receptor (B1R), encoded by the BDKRB1 gene, offer the promise of novel therapeutic agents for inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the in vivo characterization of the pharmacodynamics of B1R antagonists is hindered by the low level of B1R expression in healthy tissue and the profound species selectivity exhibited by many compounds for the B1R. To circumvent these issues we generated two genetically engineered rodent models. The first is a transgenic rat over-expressing the human B1R under the control of the neuronal-specific enolase promoter; we previously reported the utility of this model in assessing human B1R receptor occupancy in the central nervous system of the rat. The second model, reported here, utilized gene-targeting by homologous recombination to replace the genomic coding sequence for the endogenous mouse B1R with that of the human B1R. The mRNA expression profile of the humanized Bdkrb1 (hBkdrb1) allele is similar to that of the mouse Bdkrb1 (mBkdrb1) in the wild-type animal. Furthermore, in vitro assays indicate that tissues isolated from the humanized mouse possess pharmacological properties characteristic of the human B1R. Therefore, we have generated a humanized B1R mouse model that is suitable for testing the efficacy of human B1R-selective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fred Hess
- Department of Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 4, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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34
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Feng DM, Wai JM, Kuduk SD, Ng C, Murphy KL, Ransom RW, Reiss D, Chang RSL, Harrell CM, MacNeil T, Tang C, Prueksaritanont T, Freidinger RM, Pettibone DJ, Bock MG. 2,3-Diaminopyridine as a platform for designing structurally unique nonpeptide bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:2385-8. [PMID: 15837330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2005] [Accepted: 02/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of 2,3-diaminopyridine bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists is disclosed. Structure-activity relationship studies (SARs) that led to compounds with significantly improved potency and pharmacokinetic properties relative to the lead compound are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Feng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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Leeb-Lundberg LMF, Marceau F, Müller-Esterl W, Pettibone DJ, Zuraw BL. International union of pharmacology. XLV. Classification of the kinin receptor family: from molecular mechanisms to pathophysiological consequences. Pharmacol Rev 2005; 57:27-77. [PMID: 15734727 DOI: 10.1124/pr.57.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 729] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinins are proinflammatory peptides that mediate numerous vascular and pain responses to tissue injury. Two pharmacologically distinct kinin receptor subtypes have been identified and characterized for these peptides, which are named B1 and B2 and belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. The B2 receptor mediates the action of bradykinin (BK) and lysyl-bradykinin (Lys-BK), the first set of bioactive kinins formed in response to injury from kininogen precursors through the actions of plasma and tissue kallikreins, whereas the B(1) receptor mediates the action of des-Arg9-BK and Lys-des-Arg9-BK, the second set of bioactive kinins formed through the actions of carboxypeptidases on BK and Lys-BK, respectively. The B2 receptor is ubiquitous and constitutively expressed, whereas the B1 receptor is expressed at a very low level in healthy tissues but induced following injury by various proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta. Both receptors act through G alpha(q) to stimulate phospholipase C beta followed by phosphoinositide hydrolysis and intracellular free Ca2+ mobilization and through G alpha(i) to inhibit adenylate cyclase and stimulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. The use of mice lacking each receptor gene and various specific peptidic and nonpeptidic antagonists have implicated both B1 and B2 receptors as potential therapeutic targets in several pathophysiological events related to inflammation such as pain, sepsis, allergic asthma, rhinitis, and edema, as well as diabetes and cancer. This review is a comprehensive presentation of our current understanding of these receptors in terms of molecular and cell biology, physiology, pharmacology, and involvement in human disease and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Fredrik Leeb-Lundberg
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC, A12, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden.
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36
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Srinivasan D, Burbach LR, Daniels DV, Ford APDW, Bhattacharya A. Pharmacological characterization of canine bradykinin receptors in prostatic culture and in isolated prostate. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 142:297-304. [PMID: 15155537 PMCID: PMC1574946 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize pharmacologically bradykinin (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg, BK) receptors in the canine prostate. Primary cultures of canine prostate stromal (PS) and epithelial cells (PE) were established and then characterized using cell-specific antibodies (actin, vimentin and cytokeratin). Cultured cells were assayed for BK receptors using fluorometric imaging plate reader assays. In addition, isolated strips of the canine prostate were studied for BK-induced isometric contraction. PS cells were labeled only with anti-actin and -vimentin antibodies, while the anti-cytokeratin antibodies labeled only the PE cells. In cultured prostate cells, the BK receptor 2 (B2)-preferring agonist BK induced mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) in a concentration-dependent manner with potencies (log[EC(50)]mid R:PE, pEC(50)) of 8.72+/-0.12 in PS and 8.75+/-0.06 in PE cells. In contrast, the BK receptor 1 (B1)-selective agonist [des-Arg(9)]BK (Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe) did not elicit any significant effect (pEC(50)<5) on Ca(2+) responses. BK agonism (10 nm) was inhibited by HOE-140 (D-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolylglycyl-3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanyl-L-seryl-D-1,2,3,4-tetrahhydro-3-isoquinolinecarbonyl-L-(2a,3b,7ab)-octahydro-1H-indole-2-carbonyl-L-arginine), a B2-selective antagonist, with a log[IC(50)] (pIC(50)) of 8.11+/-0.19 and 9.23+/-0.20 in PS and PE cells, respectively. [des-Arg(10)]HOE-140 (d-arginyl-l-arginlyl-l-prolyl-trans-4-hydroxy-l-prolylglycyl-3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanyl-L-seryl-D-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-isoquinolinecarbonyl-L-(2a, 3b,7ab)-octahydro-1H-indole-2-carbonyl), a B1-selective antagonist, displayed weak antagonism with pIC(50) values of 4.87+/-0.23 and 6.38+/-0.16 in PS and PE cells, respectively. Isolated tissue strips of the canine prostate contracted to BK (10 microm) but not to [des-Arg(9)]BK (10 microm). BK-induced contractility was attenuated by HOE-140 (1 microm). In conclusion, canine prostates express functional B2 receptors, with no apparent B1 receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Srinivasan
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, R2-101, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - Leah R Burbach
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, R2-101, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - Donald V Daniels
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, R2-101, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - Anthony P D W Ford
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, R2-101, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - Anindya Bhattacharya
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, R2-101, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A
- Author for correspondence:
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37
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Su DS, Markowitz MK, Murphy KL, Wan BL, Zrada MM, Harrell CM, O'Malley SS, Hess JF, Ransom RW, Chang RS, Wallace MA, Raab CE, Dean DC, Pettibone DJ, Freidinger RM, Bock MG. Development of an efficient and selective radioligand for bradykinin B1 receptor occupancy studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:6045-8. [PMID: 15546726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2004] [Revised: 09/23/2004] [Accepted: 09/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient and selective radioligand, the [35S]-radiolabeled dihydroquinoxalinone derivative, 4, for an ex vivo receptor occupancy assay in transgenic rats over-expressing the human bradykinin B1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Shi Su
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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Calixto JB, Medeiros R, Fernandes ES, Ferreira J, Cabrini DA, Campos MM. Kinin B1 receptors: key G-protein-coupled receptors and their role in inflammatory and painful processes. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 143:803-18. [PMID: 15520046 PMCID: PMC1575942 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2004] [Revised: 08/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/10/2004] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinins are a family of peptides implicated in several pathophysiological events. Most of their effects are likely mediated by the activation of two G-protein-coupled receptors: B(1) and B(2). Whereas B(2) receptors are constitutive entities, B(1) receptors behave as key inducible molecules that may be upregulated under some special circumstances. In this context, several recent reports have investigated the importance of B(1) receptor activation in certain disease models. Furthermore, research on B(1) receptors in the last years has been mainly focused in determining the mechanisms and pathways involved in the process of induction. This was essentially favoured by the advances obtained in molecular biology studies, as well as in the design of selective and stable peptide and nonpeptide kinin B(1) receptor antagonists. Likewise, development of kinin B(1) receptor knockout mice greatly helped to extend the evidence about the relevance of B(1) receptors during pathological states. In the present review, we attempted to remark the main advances achieved in the last 5 years about the participation of kinin B(1) receptors in painful and inflammatory disorders. We have also aimed to point out some groups of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, arthritis, cancer or neuropathic pain, in which the strategic development of nonpeptidic oral-available and selective B(1) receptor antagonists could have a potential relevant therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- João B Calixto
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88049-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Srinivasan D, Kosaka AH, Daniels DV, Ford APDW, Bhattacharya A. Pharmacological and functional characterization of bradykinin B2 receptor in human prostate. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 504:155-67. [PMID: 15541417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2004] [Accepted: 10/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to pharmacologically characterize bradykinin receptors, a component of the kallikrein-kinin system, in normal human prostate cells. In primary cultured human prostate stromal cells, bradykinin, but not [des-Arg9]bradykinin or [des-Arg10]kallidin, produced calcium mobilization or inositol phosphates accumulation with potencies (pEC50) of 8.8+/-0.2 and 8.2+/-0.2, respectively. This was consistent with abundance of bradykinin B2 mRNA over bradykinin B1 mRNA in prostate stromal cells. Although the prostate epithelial cells (prostate epithelium, BPH-1, and PC-3) expressed mRNA for bradykinin B2 receptors (albeit in lesser amounts than stromal cells), bradykinin was not functionally efficacious in the epithelial cells. Increasing concentrations of D-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolylglycyl-3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanyl-L-seryl-D-1,2,3,4-tetrahhydro-3-isoquinolinecarbonyl-L-(2alpha,3beta,7alphabeta)-octahydro-1H-indole-2-carbonyl-L-arginine (HOE-140), a bradykinin B2-selective peptide antagonist, attenuated bradykinin concentration-response curves in human prostate stromal cells with apparent estimate of affinity similar to that for the human bradykinin B2 receptor. Bradykinin (10 nM) caused proliferation of prostate stromal cells and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK-1 and ERK-2) that were blocked by HOE-140 (1 microM). This study demonstrated that, in primary cultures of normal human prostate stromal cells, bradykinin activates bradykinin B2 receptors that may play a significant role in proliferation via activation of ERK-1/2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Srinivasan
- Roche Pharmaceuticals, 3431 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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40
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Ransom RW, Harrell CM, Reiss DR, Murphy KL, Chang RSL, Hess JF, Miller PJ, O'Malley SS, Hey PJ, Kunapuli P, Su DS, Markowitz MK, Wallace MA, Raab CE, Jones AN, Dean DC, Pettibone DJ, Freidinger RM, Bock MG. Pharmacological characterization and radioligand binding properties of a high-affinity, nonpeptide, bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 499:77-84. [PMID: 15363953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2004] [Revised: 07/20/2004] [Accepted: 07/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Compound A (N-[2-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl]-2-[(2R)-1-(2-napthylsulfonyl)-3-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalin-2-yl]acetamide) is a member of a new class of aryl sulfonamide dihydroquinoxalinone bradykinin B1 receptor antagonists that should be useful pharmacological tools. Here we report on some of the pharmacological properties of compound A as well as the characterization of [35S]compound A as the first nonpeptide bradykinin B1 receptor radioligand. Compound A inhibited tritiated peptide ligand binding to the cloned human, rabbit, dog, and rat bradykinin B1 receptors expressed in CHO cells with Ki values of 0.016, 0.050, 0.56, and 29 nM, respectively. It was inactive at 10 microM in binding assays with the cloned human bradykinin B2 receptor. In functional antagonist assays with the cloned bradykinin B1 receptors, compound A inhibited agonist-induced signaling with activities consistent with the competition binding results, but had no antagonist activity at the bradykinin B2 receptor. Compound A was also found to be a potent antagonist in a rabbit aorta tissue bath preparation and to effectively block des-Arg9 bradykinin depressor responses in lipopolysaccharide-treated rabbit following intravenous administration. The binding of [35S]compound A was evaluated with the cloned bradykinin B1 receptors. In assays with human, rabbit, and dog receptors, [35S]compound A labeled a single site with Kd values of 0.012, 0.064, and 0.37 nM, respectively, and with binding site densities equivalent to those obtained using the conventional tritiated peptide ligands. Binding assays with the cloned rat bradykinin B1 receptor were not successful, presumably due to the low affinity of the ligand for this species receptor. There was no specific binding of the ligand detected in CHO cells expressing the human bradykinin B2 receptor. In assays with the cloned human bradykinin B1 receptor, the pharmacologies of the binding of [35S]compound A and [3H][Leu9]des-Arg10-kallidin were the same. The high signal-to-noise ratio obtained with [35S]compound A will allow this ligand to be a very useful tool for future investigations of the bradykinin B1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Ransom
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Merck Research Laboratories, WP46-300, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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