1
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Mitra A, Roy R, Paul S. Modulating the Self-Assembly of a Camptothecin Prodrug with Paclitaxel for Anticancer Combination Therapy: A Molecular Dynamics Approach. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39230512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) and paclitaxel (PTX), derived from natural products, are recognized for their significant efficacy in clinical cancer treatments. Despite its therapeutic advantages, CPT is challenged by issues of toxicity and solubility, necessitating its use in conjugation with other compounds for enhanced compatibility. This study delves into the coassembly mechanism of Evans blue-conjugated camptothecin (EB-CPT) with PTX, aiming to elucidate their synergistic potential in combination therapy applications, employing all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The EB-CPT prodrug is reported to form a self-aggregated cluster. Our findings suggest that increasing the PTX concentration induces a dispersion of EB-CPT clusters, thereby disrupting their inherent self-assembly. This disruption is explained to be facilitated by the coassembly of EB-CPT and PTX. With increasing concentration of PTX, a lengthening of the coassembled structures is observed, supporting the experimental findings of tube-like coassembled structures at higher weight ratios of PTX. Hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking are the primary forces responsible for the formation of both self- and coassembled structures. Interestingly, the structural analysis reveals that the CPT moiety of EB-CPT is less involved in assemblies due to steric hindrances. Instead, the interaction and coassembly processes are predominantly mediated by the EB derivative component of the prodrug. This research underscores the critical role of the solubilizing agent, EB derivative, in mediating the flexibility and interaction of CPT in combination therapy strategies, particularly with PTX, thus emphasizing the importance of conjugates for therapeutic developments. Furthermore, the molecular insights into the interaction sites and mechanisms facilitating coassembly between EB-CPT and PTX contribute valuable knowledge to the field, highlighting the potential of these nanomedicine combinations in advancing cancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Rituparna Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sandip Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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2
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Zhang Q, Zou P, Zhu M, Sui D, Wang S, Hu Z, Wang Y, Jing L, Zheng J. Synthesis and biological activity assay of novel camptothecin-peptidic conjugates based on PEPT1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 96:129502. [PMID: 37806498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives are potent candidates for cancer treatment. However, the clinical applications are largely restricted by non-selectivity and severe toxicities. The peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), which is highly expressed in human intestines, has been found to be overexpressed in several cancer cells. This discovery suggests that PEPT1 has the potential to serve as a therapeutic target for both improving bioavailability and cancer-targeting treatment. Therefore, a prodrug approach for CPT targeting at PEPT1 highly expressed cancer cells was adopted in the present study. Eighteen CPT prodrugs, its peptidic conjugates, were synthesized and the structures were confirmed by NMR and HRMS. The protein expression profiles of PEPT1 in different cell lines were performed using immunofluorescence assay and western blotting analysis. The cytotoxicity of CPT prodrugs and their uptake via competition with Gly-Sar, a typical substrate of PEPT1, were evaluated in both PEPT1-overexpressed and under expressed cells. The results demonstrated that most CPT prodrugs significantly impaired Gly-Sar uptake, suggesting a higher affinity of CPT-peptidic conjugates for PEPT1 and PEPT1 overexpression cells. In addition, these prodrugs demonstrated a higher capability for inhibiting cell growth in PEPT1 highly-expressed cancer cells compared to PEPT1 under expressed cells. These results indicated that this peptidic prodrug strategy might offer great potential for improved tumor selectivity and chemotherapeutic efficacy of CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Meixuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd. Changchun, China
| | - Dan Sui
- Analysis and Test Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Lijia Jing
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
| | - Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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3
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Lai J, Wang M, Hu W, Yue H, Yu E, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xia L, Ling X, Wang H, Li F, Li Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 20(S)-substituted FL118 conjugates as novel antitumor agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Dubey SK, Bhatt T, Agrawal M, Saha RN, Saraf S, Saraf S, Alexander A. Application of chitosan modified nanocarriers in breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:521-538. [PMID: 34822820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As per the WHO, every year around 2.1 million women are detected with breast cancer. It is one of the most invasive cancer in women and second most among all, contributing around 15% of death worldwide. The available anticancer therapies including chemo, radio, and hormone therapy are associated with a high load of reversible and irreversible adverse effects, limited therapeutic efficacy, and low chances of quality survival. To minimize the side effects, improving therapeutic potency and patient compliance promising targeted therapies are highly desirable. In this sequence, various nanocarriers and target modified systems have been explored by researchers throughout the world. Among these chitosan-based nanocarriers offers one of the most interesting, flexible, and biocompatible systems. The unique characteristics of chitosan like surface flexibility, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, non-toxic and cost-effective behavior assist to overcome the inadequacy of existing therapy. The present review throws light on the successes, failures, and current status of chitosan modified novel techniques for tumor targeting of bioactives. It also emphasizes the molecular classification of breast cancer and current clinical development of novel therapies. The review compiles most relevant works of the past 10 years focusing on the application of chitosan-based nanocarrier against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Medical Research, R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, 700056 Kolkata, India; Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Tanya Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Hyderabad, India, 509301
| | - Ranendra Narayan Saha
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Sila, Changsari, Kamrup, 781101 Guwahati, Assam, India.
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5
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Liu S, Hu Z, Zhang Q, Zhu Q, Chen Y, Lu W. Co-Prodrugs of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin and Vorinostat with in Vitro Hydrolysis and Anticancer Effects. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:350-357. [PMID: 31956782 PMCID: PMC6964270 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) and vorinostat (SAHA) are quite promising combination therapy agents applied to the clinical treatment of cancer. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel SN38-SAHA co-prodrugs, which were conjugated by four different amino acids including glycine, alanine, aminobutyric acid, and 6-aminocaproic acid. The hydrolytic reconversion rate to SN38 and SAHA critically depended on the carbon chain length, which were evaluated in PBS (pH 6.0/7.4) and plasma (human/mouse). With decreasing amino acid chain length, the hydrolytic reconversion rate increased gradually. The in vitro cytotoxicity test was evaluated by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay on the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. With the evaluation of stability and in vitro cytotoxicity, an appropriate linker was found, and the active drug can be released efficiently from compound 3a, which exhibited strong antiproliferative activity in A549 and HCT-116 cell lines correspondingly. These results indicated that the well-designed co-prodrug 3a and this kind of strategy can be a promising approach for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxi Liu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zonglong Hu
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiumeng Zhang
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 62238771 (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiwen Zhu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division
of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 50801552 (Y.C.)
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-21- 62238771 (W.L.)
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6
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of homoerythrina alkaloid derivatives bearing a triazole moiety as PARP-1 inhibitors and as potential antitumor drugs. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Davenport MT, Dickson JA, Johnson MR, Chamberland S. Total Synthesis of Clavatadine B. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:3191-3195. [PMID: 31692341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of clavatadine B (2), a natural product found to be a selective human blood coagulation factor XIa inhibitor, is described. A convergent approach that exemplifies the advantages of direct, early stage guanidinylation provided an immediate clavatadine B precursor, which was assembled in an efficient manner using known synthetic precursors of the structurally related natural product clavatadine A (1). Global deprotection cleanly provided clavatadine B in only four steps from a known derivative of homogentisic acid lactone (longest linear sequence, 75% overall yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Davenport
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Jordan A Dickson
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Matthew R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Stephen Chamberland
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
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8
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Chen Z, Xu Y, Qian X. Naphthalimides and analogues as antitumor agents: A review on molecular design, bioactivity and mechanism of action. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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Zhu Q, Yu X, Shen Q, Zhang Q, Su M, Zhou Y, Li J, Chen Y, Lu W. A series of camptothecin prodrugs exhibit HDAC inhibition activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4706-4715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Sharma N, Bahadur V, Sharma UK, Saha D, Li Z, Kumar Y, Colaers J, Singh BK, Van der Eycken EV. Microwave-Assisted Ruthenium-Catalysed ortho
-C−H Functionalization of N
-Benzoyl α
-Amino Ester Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Vijay Bahadur
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
- Bioorganic laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007 India
| | - Upendra K. Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Debasmita Saha
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
- Bioorganic laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007 India
| | - Jona Colaers
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007 India
| | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC); Department of Chemistry; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Celestijnenlaan 200F, B- 3001 Leuven Belgium
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia; (RUDN University); Miklukho-Maklaya street 6 117198 Moscow Russia
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11
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Lazareva NF, Baryshok VP, Lazarev IM. Silicon-containing analogs of camptothecin as anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 351. [PMID: 29239010 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The plant pentacyclic alkaloid camptothecin and its structural analogs were extensively studied. These compounds are interesting due to the antitumor activity associated with their ability to inhibit topoisomerase I in tumor cells. During the last decades of the 20th century, a large number of the silicon-containing camptothecins (silatecans) were synthesized. 7-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (DB-67 or AR-67) has enhanced lipophilicity and demonstrates a antitumor activity superior to its carbon analog. To date, certain silatecans are under clinical trials and their ultimate role in cancer therapy appears promising. In this review, we present chemical methodologies for the synthesis of silicon-containing camptothecins, their chemical properties, biological activity, and results of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya F Lazareva
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Viktor P Baryshok
- Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Igor M Lazarev
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
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12
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Natesan S, Sugumaran A, Ponnusamy C, Thiagarajan V, Palanichamy R, Kandasamy R. Chitosan stabilized camptothecin nanoemulsions: Development, evaluation and biodistribution in preclinical breast cancer animal mode. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1846-1852. [PMID: 28545970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical use of camptothecin (CPT) is hindered due to its poor water and oil solubility, active lactone ring instability and non-targeted toxicity. Recently we reported formulation of camptothecin microemulsions with increased solubility for the improved treatment of breast cancer. In this research chitosan stabilized camptothecin nanoemulsions (CHI-CPT-NEs) were formulated improve the cancer targeting efficiency of CPT. The developed NEs were characterized for their droplet size distribution, stability in plasma and evaluated for in-vitro drug release, in-vivo targeting potential, in-vitro hemolytic potential, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and in-vivo biodistribution. The CHI-CPT-NEs showed uniform droplet size distribution, extended drug release (61.65±1.57% at 24h), tolerable hemolytic potential (16.4±1.4%), significant cytotoxicity (178±4.3ng/ml) against MCF-7 cancer cells and low DNA damage to lymphocytes. In-vivo biodistribution study conducted in 4T1-breast tumor xenograft BALB/c mice showed that 2495.22±174.66ng/gm of camptothecin was passively targeted to breast cancer by CHI-CPT-NEs compared to the non-stabilized nanoemulsion (1677.58±134.21ng/gm). Thus, passive targeting of developed CHI-CPT-NEs may provide a promising approach for the efficient breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM University, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur - 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekar Ponnusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vignesh Thiagarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajaguru Palanichamy
- Department of Biotechnology, BIT campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, BIT campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
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13
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Jain A, Jain SK. IN VITRO RELEASE KINETICS MODEL FITTING OF LIPOSOMES: AN INSIGHT. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 201:S0009-3084(16)30147-5. [PMID: 27983957 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are emerging cargoes for bioactive delivery owing to their widely accepted biocompatible and biodegradable nature. It is always a challenge to control the release of payload for effective delivery to the site of interest. Over the couple of decennia, mathematical modeling of release process is a need of time whether the drug remains in the circulation or reaches at the target site. For establishing a better in vitro - in vivo correlation, release kinetics models viz. Peppas, Higuchi, Weibull, Zero Order and First order including mechanistic models like All-or-None, Toroidal, and Biomembrane models etc. are continuously exploited to predict drug release profile. Most of these models rely on the diffusion equations based on the composition of liposomes and conditions of release. Here, we summarized the crucial reports exploring these models and associated interventions to know the underlying physicochemical release phenomenon. Such mathematical model fitting can be a promising approach to deduce release/delivery process to help in designing the safe and efficacious ("Smart") liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Jain
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar (M.P.), 470 003, India
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar (M.P.), 470 003, India.
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14
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Li G, Zhao M, Zhao L. Well-defined hydroxyethyl starch-10-hydroxy camptothecin super macromolecule conjugate: cytotoxicity, pharmacodynamics research, tissue distribution test and intravenous injection safety assessment. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:2860-2868. [PMID: 26836216 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
10-Hydroxy camptothecin (10-HCPT) is an antitumor agent effective in the treatment of several solid tumors but its use is hampered by poor water solubility, low lactone stability, short plasma half-life and dose-limiting toxicity. These limits of 10-HCPT had been overcome by our group through preparing super macromolecule prodrug: 10-HCPT-hydroxyethyl starch (HES) conjugate. In this study, we mainly evaluated in vitro and in vivo behavior of the prodrug, containing cytotoxicity assay, pharmacodynamics study, vascular irritation test, hemolysis experiment and tissue distribution test of rats. The irritation test results achieved much lower irritation than the commercial injection. The tissue distribution results showed that HES-10-HCPT conjugate increased significantly the 10-HCPT concentration in the tumor, liver and spleen site, whereas decreased the drug concentration in the heart and kidney. The hemolysis effect of the prepared conjugate was not obvious. The pharmacodynamics results indicated that HES-10-HCPT prodrug had a better antitumor efficiency against mice with H22 tumor than the commercial injection, and the inhibition ratio of tumor was 85.2% and 31.1%, respectively at the same dosage. These findings suggest that HES-10-HCPT prodrug is a promising drug delivery system providing improved good injection safety, greater tolerance and antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofei Li
- a Department of Pharmacy , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- a Department of Pharmacy , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Limei Zhao
- a Department of Pharmacy , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
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15
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Molinari A, Oliva A, Ojeda C, Miguel del Corral JM, Castro MA, Mollinedo F, San Feliciano A. Synthesis and evaluation as antitumor agents of 1,4-naphthohydroquinone derivatives conjugated with amino acids and purines. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 346:882-90. [PMID: 24123148 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of two series of 1,4-naphthohydroquinone derivatives conjugated with amino acids (Gly, Ala, Phe, and Glu) and with substituted purines linked by an aliphatic chain. The compounds were obtained through Diels-Alder cycloaddition between myrcene and 1,4-benzoquinone and evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity (GI50 ) against cultured human cancer cells of A-549 lung carcinoma, HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma, and MCF-7 breast carcinoma. The GI50 values found for some hydroquinone-amino acid and hydroquinone-purine hybrids against MCF-7 are in an activity range comparable to that of the reference drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Molinari
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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16
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Huang Q, Wang L, Lu W. Evolution in medicinal chemistry of E-ring-modified Camptothecin analogs as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:746-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Deshmukh M, Chao P, Kutscher HL, Gao D, Sinko PJ. A series of alpha-amino acid ester prodrugs of camptothecin: in vitro hydrolysis and A549 human lung carcinoma cell cytotoxicity. J Med Chem 2010; 53:1038-47. [PMID: 20063889 DOI: 10.1021/jm901029n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify a camptothecin (CPT) prodrug with optimal release and cytotoxicity properties for immobilization on a passively targeted microparticle delivery system. A series of alpha-amino acid ester prodrugs of CPT were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated. Four CPT prodrugs were synthesized with increasing aliphatic chain length (glycine (Gly) (2a), alanine (Ala) (2b), aminobutyric acid (Abu) (2c), and norvaline (Nva) (2d)). Prodrug reconversion was studied at pH 6.6, 7.0, and 7.4 corresponding to tumor, lung, and extracellular/physiological pH, respectively. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in A549 human lung carcinoma cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The hydrolytic reconversion rate to parent CPT increased with decreasing side chain length as well as increasing pH. The Hill slope of 2d was significantly less than CPT and the other prodrugs tested, indicating a higher cell death rate at lower concentrations. These results suggest that 2d is the best candidate for a passively targeted sustained release lung delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Wu A, Liu J, Qin S, Mei P. Derivatives of 5-nitro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione: design, synthesis, and biological activity. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-009-0220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wu A, Xu Y, Qian X. Novel naphthalimide–amino acid conjugates with flexible leucine moiety as side chain: Design, synthesis and potential antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:592-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gomes P, Vale N, Moreira R. Cyclization-activated prodrugs. Molecules 2007; 12:2484-506. [PMID: 18065953 PMCID: PMC6149143 DOI: 10.3390/12112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2007] [Revised: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many drugs suffer from an extensive first-pass metabolism leading to drug inactivation and/or production of toxic metabolites, which makes them attractive targets for prodrug design. The classical prodrug approach, which involves enzyme-sensitive covalent linkage between the parent drug and a carrier moiety, is a well established strategy to overcome bioavailability/toxicity issues. However, the development of prodrugs that can regenerate the parent drug through non-enzymatic pathways has emerged as an alternative approach in which prodrug activation is not influenced by inter- and intraindividual variability that affects enzymatic activity. Cyclization-activated prodrugs have been capturing the attention of medicinal chemists since the middle-1980s, and reached maturity in prodrug design in the late 1990 s. Many different strategies have been exploited in recent years concerning the development of intramoleculary-activated prodrugs spanning from analgesics to anti-HIV therapeutic agents. Intramolecular pathways have also a key role in two-step prodrug activation, where an initial enzymatic cleavage step is followed by a cyclization-elimination reaction that releases the active drug. This work is a brief overview of research on cyclization-activated prodrugs from the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gomes
- Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Schmid B, Warnecke A, Fichtner I, Jung M, Kratz F. Development of Albumin-Binding Camptothecin Prodrugs Using a Peptide Positional Scanning Library. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1786-99. [DOI: 10.1021/bc0700842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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