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Lu J, Chen S, Wu M, Yin H, Lin X, Wu W, Weng Z. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Synthesis of 3-Aryl-5-fluoroalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3 H)-ones Using Perfluorocarboxylic Anhydride as a Reagent. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39319749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed oxidative annulation of sydnones with perfluorocarboxylic anhydride for the synthesis of 3-aryl-5-fluoroalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones is developed. A diverse array of 3-aryl-5-fluoroalkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones are prepared with good yields (>73 examples, yields up to 95%). The synthetic utility of the developed protocol was demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, and the synthetic transformation to 1,2,4-triazol-3-one products. A mechanistic study suggests that the reaction proceeds via the extrusion of carbon dioxide to generate the hydrazide intermediate, which then undergoes intramolecular cyclization and oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Lu
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- SINOPEC (Beijing), Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Beijing 10013, China
| | - Shouxiong Chen
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Minze Wu
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Hongshan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhiqiang Weng
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Green Materials and Chemical Engineering, and Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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2
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Zhu J, Qiu W, Wei F, Zhang J, Yuan Y, Liu L, Cheng M, Xiong H, Xu R. Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency in Purkinje neurons drives cerebellar ataxia by impairing the BK channel-mediated after-hyperpolarization and cytosolic calcium homeostasis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:594. [PMID: 39147737 PMCID: PMC11327311 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06988-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 contributes to be the induction of neuroinflammation by recognizing pathology-associated ligands and activating microglia. In addition, numerous physiological signaling factors act as agonists or antagonists of TLR4 expressed by non-immune cells. Recently, TLR4 was found to be highly expressed in cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs) and involved in the maintenance of motor coordination through non-immune pathways, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that mice with PN specific TLR4 deletion (TLR4PKO mice) exhibited motor impairments consistent with cerebellar ataxia, reduced PN dendritic arborization and spine density, fewer parallel fiber (PF) - PN and climbing fiber (CF) - PN synapses, reduced BK channel expression, and impaired BK-mediated after-hyperpolarization, collectively leading to abnormal PN firing. Moreover, the impaired PN firing in TLR4PKO mice could be rescued with BK channel opener. The PNs of TLR4PKO mice also exhibited abnormal mitochondrial structure, disrupted mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum tethering, and reduced cytosolic calcium, changes that may underly abnormal PN firing and ultimately drive ataxia. These results identify a previously unknown role for TLR4 in regulating PN firing and maintaining cerebellar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Wenqiao Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Fan Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mianyang Orthopaedic Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, 621000, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Meixiong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Huan Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Ruxiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Zhu Y, Bo F, Wang X, Jiang Q, Li Q, Han Z, Wang YN, Qi G. Construction of 1,3,4-oxadiazolines bearing CF 3-quaternary centers via amino-assisted [3 + 2] cycloadditions. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1391-1394. [PMID: 38284244 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob02096g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
An amino-assisted [3 + 2] cycloaddition strategy of nitrile imines with o-aminotrifluoroacetophenones has been explored, thus providing functionalized 1,3,4-oxadiazolines bearing CF3-quaternary centers in good to excellent yields in the presence of K2CO3 under mild conditions. The amino groups located at the ortho-position of trifluoroacetophenone might play a crucial role in the present cyclization. The MTT assay shows that the 1,3,4-oxadiazoline derivatives could be potential candidates for the treatment of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Fang Bo
- Yancheng Tongwei Solar Energy Co., Ltd, Yancheng 224000, China.
| | - Xuying Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Qianxi Jiang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Qiuyun Li
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Zhongfei Han
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Yi-Ning Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Gang Qi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
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4
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Lai H, Gao M, Yang H. The potassium channels: Neurobiology and pharmacology of tinnitus. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25281. [PMID: 38284861 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a widespread public health issue that imposes a significant social burden. The occurrence and maintenance of tinnitus have been shown to be associated with abnormal neuronal activity in the auditory pathway. Based on this view, neurobiological and pharmacological developments in tinnitus focus on ion channels and synaptic neurotransmitter receptors in neurons in the auditory pathway. With major breakthroughs in the pathophysiology and research methodology of tinnitus in recent years, the role of the largest family of ion channels, potassium ion channels, in modulating the excitability of neurons involved in tinnitus has been increasingly demonstrated. More and more potassium channels involved in the neural mechanism of tinnitus have been discovered, and corresponding drugs have been developed. In this article, we review animal (mouse, rat, hamster, and guinea-pig), human, and genetic studies on the different potassium channels involved in tinnitus, analyze the limitations of current clinical research on potassium channels, and propose future prospects. The aim of this review is to promote the understanding of the role of potassium ion channels in tinnitus and to advance the development of drugs targeting potassium ion channels for tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohong Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqian Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haidi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, China
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Potassium channelopathies associated with epilepsy-related syndromes and directions for therapeutic intervention. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115413. [PMID: 36646291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A number of mutations to members of several CNS potassium (K) channel families have been identified which result in rare forms of neonatal onset epilepsy, or syndromes of which one prominent characteristic is a form of epilepsy. Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions or Seizures (BFNC or BFNS), also referred to as Self-Limited Familial Neonatal Epilepsy (SeLNE), results from mutations in 2 members of the KV7 family (KCNQ) of K channels; while generally self-resolving by about 15 weeks of age, these mutations significantly increase the probability of generalized seizure disorders in the adult, in some cases they result in more severe developmental syndromes. Epilepsy of Infancy with Migrating Focal Seizures (EIMSF), or Migrating Partial Seizures of Infancy (MMPSI), is a rare severe form of epilepsy linked primarily to gain of function mutations in a member of the sodium-dependent K channel family, KCNT1 or SLACK. Finally, KCNMA1 channelopathies, including Liang-Wang syndrome (LIWAS), are rare combinations of neurological symptoms including seizure, movement abnormalities, delayed development and intellectual disabilities, with Liang-Wang syndrome an extremely serious polymalformative syndrome with a number of neurological sequelae including epilepsy. These are caused by mutations in the pore-forming subunit of the large-conductance calcium-activated K channel (BK channel) KCNMA1. The identification of these rare but significant channelopathies has resulted in a resurgence of interest in their treatment by direct pharmacological or genetic modulation. We will briefly review the genetics, biophysics and pharmacology of these K channels, their linkage with the 3 syndromes described above, and efforts to more effectively target these syndromes.
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Scott LL, Lowe AS, Brecht EJ, Franco-Waite L, Walton JP. Small molecule modulation of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel suppresses salicylate-induced tinnitus in mice. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:763855. [PMID: 36090293 PMCID: PMC9453485 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.763855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sound that has no external source. A neurological signature of tinnitus, and the frequently associated hyperacusis, is an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the central auditory system (CAS), leading to dysregulated network excitability. The large conductance, calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel is a key player in pre- and post-synaptic excitability through its mediation of K+ currents. Changes in BK channel activity are associated with aberrant network activity in sensory regions of the CNS, raising the possibility that BK channel modulation could regulate activity associated with tinnitus and hyperacusis. To test whether BK channel openers are able to suppress biomarkers of drug-induced tinnitus and hyperacusis, the 1,3,4 oxadiazole BMS-191011 was given to young adult CBA mice that had been administered 250 mg/kg sodium salicylate (SS). Systemic treatment with BMS-191011 reduced behavioral manifestations of SS-induced tinnitus, but not hyperacusis, probed via the gap-in-noise startle response method. Systemic BMS-191011 treatment did not influence SS-induced increases in auditory brainstem response functions, but local application at the inferior colliculus did reverse SS-suppressed spontaneous activity, particularly in the frequency region of the tinnitus percept. Thus, action of BMS-191011 in the inferior colliculus may contribute to the reduction in behaviorally measured tinnitus. Together, these findings support the utility of BK channel openers in reducing central auditory processing changes associated with the formation of the tinnitus percept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea S. Lowe
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Elliott J. Brecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Luis Franco-Waite
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Joseph P. Walton
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Joseph P. Walton,
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7
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Zuccolini P, Gavazzo P, Pusch M. BK Channel in the Physiology and in the Cancer of Pancreatic Duct: Impact and Reliability of BK Openers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906608. [PMID: 35685628 PMCID: PMC9171006 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BK (KCa 1.1, Slo-1) is a K+ channel characterized by an allosteric regulation of the gating mechanism by Ca2+ binding and voltage, and a high unitary conductance. The channel is expressed in many different tissues, where it is involved in the regulation or the fine-tuning of many physiological processes. Among other organs, BK is expressed in the pancreatic duct, a part of the gland important for the correct ionic composition of the pancreatic juice. Unfortunately, the pancreatic duct is also the site where one of the deadliest cancer types, the pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC), develops. In the past years, it has been reported that continuous exposure of cancer cells to BK openers can have a significant impact on cell viability as well as on the ability to proliferate and migrate. Here, we first summarize the main BK channel properties and its roles in pancreatic duct physiology. Then we focus on the potential role of BK as a pharmacological target in PDAC. Moreover, we discuss how results obtained when employing BK activators on cancer cells can, in some cases, be misleading.
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Tsaplin GV, Popkov SV. Intramolecular ANRORC Reactions in the Series of Diazoles with Three Heteroatoms. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Activating BK channels ameliorates vascular smooth muscle calcification through Akt signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:624-633. [PMID: 34163023 PMCID: PMC8888620 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is characterized by pathological depositions of calcium and phosphate in the arteries and veins via an active cell-regulated process, in which vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) transform into osteoblast/chondrocyte-like cells as in bone formation. VC is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study we investigated the role of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in 3 experimental VC models. VC was induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), or in rats by subtotal nephrectomy, or in mice by high-dosage vitamin D3. We showed that the expression of BK channels in the artery of CKD rats with VC and in β-GP-treated VSMCs was significantly decreased, which was functionally confirmed by patch-clamp recording. In β-GP-treated VSMCs, BK channel opener NS1619 (20 μM) significantly alleviated VC by decreasing calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity. Furthermore, NS1619 decreased mRNA expression of ostoegenic genes OCN and OPN, as well as Runx2 (a key transcription factor involved in preosteoblast to osteoblast differentiation), and increased the expression of α-SMA protein, whereas BK channel inhibitor paxilline (10 μM) caused the opposite effects. In primary cultured VSMCs from BK-/- mice, BK deficiency aggravated calcification as did BK channel inhibitor in normal VSMCs. Moreover, calcification was more severe in thoracic aorta rings of BK-/- mice than in those of wild-type littermates. Administration of BK channel activator BMS191011 (10 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) in high-dosage vitamin D3-treated mice significantly ameliorated calcification. Finally, co-treatment with Akt inhibitor MK2206 (1 μM) or FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 (3 μM) in calcified VSMCs abrogated the effects of BK channel opener NS1619. Taken together, activation of BK channels ameliorates VC via Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathways. Strategies to activate BK channels and/or enhance BK channel expression may offer therapeutic avenues to control VC.
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Sizemore G, McLaughlin S, Newman M, Brundage K, Ammer A, Martin K, Pugacheva E, Coad J, Mattes MD, Yu HG. Opening large-conductance potassium channels selectively induced cell death of triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:595. [PMID: 32586284 PMCID: PMC7318490 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unlike other breast cancer subtypes that may be treated with a variety of hormonal or targeted therapies, there is a need to identify new, effective targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It has recently been recognized that membrane potential is depolarized in breast cancer cells. The primary objective of the study is to explore whether hyperpolarization induced by opening potassium channels may provide a new strategy for treatment of TNBC. Methods Breast cancer datasets in cBioPortal for cancer genomics was used to search for ion channel gene expression. Immunoblots and immunohistochemistry were used for protein expression in culture cells and in the patient tissues. Electrophysiological patch clamp techniques were used to study properties of BK channels in culture cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope were used for cell viability and cell cycle studies. Ultrasound imaging was used to study xenograft in female NSG mice. Results In large datasets of breast cancer patients, we identified a gene, KCNMA1 (encoding for a voltage- and calcium-dependent large-conductance potassium channel, called BK channel), overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Although overexpressed, 99% of channels are closed in TNBC cells. Opening BK channels hyperpolarized membrane potential, which induced cell cycle arrest in G2 phase and apoptosis via caspase-3 activation. In a TNBC cell induced xenograft model, treatment with a BK channel opener significantly slowed tumor growth without cardiac toxicity. Conclusions Our results support the idea that hyperpolarization induced by opening BK channel in TNBC cells can become a new strategy for development of a targeted therapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Sizemore
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Sarah McLaughlin
- Animal Models & Imaging Facility, Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Mackenzie Newman
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Kathleen Brundage
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Flow Cytometry Facility, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Amanda Ammer
- Animal Models & Imaging Facility, Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Karen Martin
- Animal Models & Imaging Facility, Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Elena Pugacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - James Coad
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Malcolm D Mattes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Han-Gang Yu
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Abstract
Heterocycles are very common substructures in a number of pharmaceuticals. Over the past several years, the use of palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization for heterocyclic synthesis has become much more prevalent. This review collects recent reports using palladium catalysis to synthesize a wide variety of heterocyclic scaffolds. Many of these reactions use oxygen as the terminal oxidant. Some salient mechanistic features are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, State University, AR, United States
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12
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Wang S, Wang K, Kong X, Zhang S, Jiang G, Ji F. DMF as Methine Source: Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Annulation of Hydrazides to 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoucai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfei Kong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
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Yang N, Yuan G. One-pot synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones with CO 2 as a C1 synthon promoted by hypoiodite. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6639-6644. [PMID: 31243402 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01200a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A convenient and efficient route has been developed to synthesize 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones from CO2, hydrazines and aryl or aliphatic aldehydes. Promoted by hypoiodite (IO-) generated in situ from KI and oxidant TBHP, the one-pot synthesis could proceed smoothly to afford the desired products in moderate to high yields. Mechanism studies revealed that nitrile imine was an important intermediate in this transformation. Notably, a commercial herbicide Oxadiazon could be successfully synthesized by this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Gaoqing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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Apelin Reduces Nitric Oxide-Induced Relaxation of Cerebral Arteries by Inhibiting Activation of Large-Conductance, Calcium-Activated K Channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2019; 71:223-232. [PMID: 29620606 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the apelin/APJ receptor signaling system causes endothelium-dependent and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent relaxation in several peripheral arteries. The effects of apelin in cerebral arteries are unknown; however, apelin inhibits voltage-dependent increases in large-conductance, calcium-activated K channel (BKCa) currents in cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. Because NO-induced relaxation of cerebral arteries is mediated, in part, by activation of BKCa channels, the goals of this study were to determine the net effect of apelin in cerebral arteries, as well as test the hypothesis that the actions of apelin in cerebral arteries are secondary to stimulation of APJ receptors. Immunoblot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses detected APJ receptors in cerebral arteries of male Sprague-Dawley rats, and immunofluorescence studies using confocal microscopy confirmed APJ receptor localization in smooth muscle cells. In myograph studies, apelin itself had no direct vasomotor effect but inhibited relaxations to the NO-donor, diethylamine NONOate, and to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, bradykinin. These effects of apelin were mimicked by the selective BKCa-channel blocker, iberiotoxin, and suppressed by the APJ receptor antagonist, F13A. Apelin also inhibited relaxations evoked by the BKCa-channel openers, NS1619 and BMS 191011, but had no effect on relaxation to levcromakalim, a selective KATP-channel opener. Apelin had no effect on diethylamine NONOate-induced or bradykinin-induced increases in cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels. Patch clamp recordings demonstrated that apelin and iberiotoxin each suppressed the increase in BKCa currents induced by DEA and NS1619 in freshly isolated cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. The results demonstrate that apelin inhibits NO-induced relaxation of cerebral arteries through a mechanism involving activation of APJ receptors and inhibition of BKCa channels in cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells.
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15
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Yang N, Zhang H, Yuan G. KI-catalyzed reactions of aryl hydrazines with α-oxocarboxylic acids in the presence of CO2: access to 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01345d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel KI-catalyzed synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones from aryl hydrazines, α-oxocarboxylic acids and CO2 was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Gaoqing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P.R. China
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16
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Piazzolla F, Siciliano C, Minuti L, Temperini A. Exploration of synthetic strategies for the stereoselective preparation of novel tetrahydrofuran-containing biaryls: A high-pressure promoted Diels-Alder approach. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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María DS, Claramunt RM, Elguero J, Carda M, Falomir E, Martín-Beltrán C. New N,C-Diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones: Synthesis and Evaluation as Anticancer Agents. Med Chem 2018; 15:360-372. [PMID: 30129416 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666180821103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A set of 2,5-diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones was synthesized in two steps and evaluated as regards their activity in some relevant biological targets related to cancer. OBJECTIVE This study is focused on the synthesis and the biological evaluation of 2,5-diaryl-1,2,4- triazol-3-ones. In this sense, the effect of the synthetic triazolones on the proliferation of HT-29 and A549 cancer cells and on HEK non-cancer cells has been measured. In addition, the effects of triazolones on the expression of hTERT, c-Myc and PD-L1 genes and on the production of c-Myc and PD-L1 proteins have also been evaluated. METHOD A set of 2,5-diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones was synthesized in two steps. Firstly, N- (aminocarbonyl)-3-methoxybenzamide was prepared by coupling 3-methoxybenzoic acid and cyanamide followed by aqueous HCl hydrolysis. Then, the 2,5-diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones were obtained upon reaction of N-(aminocarbonyl)-3-methoxybenzamide with arylhydrazines in decaline at 170ºC. The ability of the triazolones to inhibit cell proliferation was measured against two human carcinoma cell lines (colorectal HT-29 and lung A549), and one non-tumor cell line (HEK- 293) by MTT assay. The downregulation of the synthetic triazolones on the expression of the hTERT, c-Myc and PD-L1 genes was measured by an RT-qPCR analysis. Their ability to regulate the expression of the c-Myc and PD-L1 proteins, as well as their direct interaction with c-Myc protein, was determined by the ELISA method. Finally, the direct interaction of triazolones with PD-L1 protein was assessed by the thermal shift assay. RESULTS Ten 2,5-diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods. A thorough study by 1H, 13C, 15N and 19F NMR spectroscopy showed that all the synthetic compounds exist as 4H-triazolones and not as hydroxytriazoles or 1H-triazolones. Some triazolones showed relatively high activities together with very poor toxicity in non-tumor cell line HEK-293. 2-(2-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (4) was particularly active in downregulating c-Myc and PD-L1 gene expression although 2-(4- chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (8) is the one that combines the best downregulatory activities in the three genes studied. Considering protein expression, the most active compounds are 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydro- 3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (5) and 2-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H- 1,2,4-triazol-3-one (10) (c-Myc expression) and 2-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)- 2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (11) and (8) (PD-L1 expression). CONCLUSION Some of the triazolones studied have shown relevant activities in the inhibition of the hTERT, c-Myc and PD-L1 genes, and in the inhibition of c-Myc and PD-L1 protein secretion, the 2-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (8) was found to be a particularly promising lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Santa María
- Dpto. de Quimica Organica y Bio-Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Claramunt
- Dpto. de Quimica Organica y Bio-Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Elguero
- Instituto de Quimica Medica, Centro de Quimica Organica "Lora-Tamayo", Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Dpto. de Quimica Inorganica y Organica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Eva Falomir
- Dpto. de Quimica Inorganica y Organica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Celia Martín-Beltrán
- Dpto. de Quimica Inorganica y Organica, Universidad Jaume I, E-12071 Castellon, Spain
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Lim B, Park S, Park JH, Gam J, Kim S, Yang JW, Lee J. A metal-free and mild approach to 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones via oxidative C–C bond cleavage using molecular oxygen. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2105-2113. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob03188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free aerobic oxidative C–C bond cleavage reaction for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bumhee Lim
- College of Pharmacy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Seunggun Park
- College of Pharmacy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- College of Pharmacy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Jongsik Gam
- Department of Medicinal Bioscience
- College of Interdisciplinary & Creative Studies
- Konyang University
- Nonsan
- Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Jung Woon Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- College of Pharmacy
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
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Wet-osot S, Phakhodee W, Pattarawarapan M. Application of N-Acylbenzotriazoles in the Synthesis of 5-Substituted 2-Ethoxy-1,3,4-oxadiazoles as Building Blocks toward 3,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9923-9929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirawit Wet-osot
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ‡Graduate School, and §Center of Excellence in Materials Science
and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wong Phakhodee
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ‡Graduate School, and §Center of Excellence in Materials Science
and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Mookda Pattarawarapan
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ‡Graduate School, and §Center of Excellence in Materials Science
and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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20
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Guo CX, Zhang WZ, Zhang N, Lu XB. 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Imine with Carbon Dioxide: Access to 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2(3H)-ones. J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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21
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Velcicky J, Miltz W, Oberhauser B, Orain D, Vaupel A, Weigand K, Dawson King J, Littlewood-Evans A, Nash M, Feifel R, Loetscher P. Development of Selective, Orally Active GPR4 Antagonists with Modulatory Effects on Nociception, Inflammation, and Angiogenesis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3672-3683. [PMID: 28445047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel, selective, and efficacious GPR4 antagonist 13 was developed starting from lead compound 1a. While compound 1a showed promising efficacy in several disease models, its binding to a H3 receptor as well as a hERG channel prevented it from further development. Therefore, a new round of optimization addressing the key liabilities was performed and led to discovery of compound 13 with an improved profile. Compound 13 showed significant efficacy in the rat antigen induced arthritis as well as in the hyperalgesia and angiogenesis model at a well-tolerated dose of 30 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Velcicky
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Miltz
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Berndt Oberhauser
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Orain
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Vaupel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Weigand
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janet Dawson King
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Littlewood-Evans
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Nash
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Loetscher
- Global Discovery Chemistry, ‡Autoimmunity Transplantation Inflammation, §Musculoskeletal, ∥Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Shamsabadi A, Chudasama V. An overview of the synthesis of acyl hydrazides from aldehydes and reactions of the products thereof. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:17-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An overview of the methods for the formation and reaction of acyl hydrazides.
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23
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Ahsan MJ. Rationale Design, Synthesis And In VitroAnticancer Activity of New 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Analogues. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy; Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 039 India, Tel.: +91 9694087786, Fax: +91 141 2335120
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24
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Role of BKCa Potassium Channels in the Mechanisms of Modulatory Effects of IL-10 on Hypoxia-Induced Changes in Activity of Hippocampal Neurons. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 160:643-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Patel SS, Chandna N, Kumar S, Jain N. I2 mediated synthesis of 5-substituted-3-methyl/benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones via sequential condensation/oxidative cyclization and rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5683-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02667a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient iodine-assisted protocol for synthesis of 5-substituted-3-methyl/benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sunder Patel
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Nisha Chandna
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Shreemoyee Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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26
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27
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Ji F, Li X, Guo W, Wu W, Jiang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative O–H/N–H Carbonylation of Hydrazides: Access to Substituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2(3H)-ones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5713-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xianwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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28
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Rabjerg M, Oliván-Viguera A, Hansen LK, Jensen L, Sevelsted-Møller L, Walter S, Jensen BL, Marcussen N, Köhler R. High expression of KCa3.1 in patients with clear cell renal carcinoma predicts high metastatic risk and poor survival. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122992. [PMID: 25848765 PMCID: PMC4388734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ca2+-activated K+ channels have been implicated in cancer cell growth, metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. Here we hypothesized that high mRNA and protein expression of the intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, KCa3.1, is a molecular marker of clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) and metastatic potential and survival. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed channel expression by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and patch-clamp in ccRCC and benign oncocytoma specimens, in primary ccRCC and oncocytoma cell lines, as well as in two ccRCC cell lines (Caki-1 and Caki-2). CcRCC specimens contained 12-fold higher mRNA levels of KCa3.1 than oncocytoma specimens. The large-conductance channel, KCa1.1, was 3-fold more highly expressed in ccRCC than in oncocytoma. KCa3.1 mRNA expression in ccRCC was 2-fold higher than in the healthy cortex of the same kidney. Disease specific survival trended towards reduction in the subgroup of high-KCa3.1-expressing tumors (p<0.08 vs. low-KCa3.1-expressing tumors). Progression-free survival (time to metastasis/recurrence) was reduced significantly in the subgroup of high-KCa3.1-expressing tumors (p<0.02, vs. low-KCa3.1-expressing tumors). Immunohistochemistry revealed high protein expression of KCa3.1 in tumor vessels of ccRCC and oncocytoma and in a subset of ccRCC cells. Oncocytoma cells were devoid of KCa3.1 protein. In a primary ccRCC cell line and Caki-1/2-ccRCC cells, we found KCa3.1-protein as well as TRAM-34-sensitive KCa3.1-currents in a subset of cells. Furthermore, Caki-1/2-ccRCC cells displayed functional Paxilline-sensitive KCa1.1 currents. Neither KCa3.1 nor KCa1.1 were found in a primary oncocytoma cell line. Yet KCa-blockers, like TRAM-34 (KCa3.1) and Paxilline (KCa1.1), had no appreciable effects on Caki-1 proliferation in-vitro. Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrated expression of KCa3.1 in ccRCC but not in benign oncocytoma. Moreover, high KCa3.1-mRNA expression levels were indicative of low disease specific survival of ccRCC patients, short progression-free survival, and a high metastatic potential. Therefore, KCa3.1 is of prognostic value in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj Rabjerg
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Lars Koch Hansen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Line Jensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Linda Sevelsted-Møller
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Steen Walter
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Boye L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Niels Marcussen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Ralf Köhler
- Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y Desarrollo (ARAID), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Wang Y, Meng X, Yang Y, Zhang L, Guo S, Tang D, Li Y, Chen B. Palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of hydrazides: synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1905-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08731c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation reaction was developed via the carbon monoxide insertions between the amine group and the carbonyl group to realize the intramolecular cyclization, which provides efficient access to 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones with a wide range of substrates under mild conditions, resulting in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Xu Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yuting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Lutao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Shuaibo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Dong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Yaxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
| | - Baohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
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Valdez CA, Leif RN, Hart BR. Rapid and mild silylation of β-amino alcohols at room temperature mediated by N-methylimidazole for enhanced detectability by gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:2217-2221. [PMID: 25178726 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In this work, we expand the use of in situ activation of chloro(dimethyl)phenylsilane using N-methylimidazole (NMI) for the effective derivatization of β-aminoethyl alcohols. Due to its enhanced nucleophilic character, NMI is expected to act as an efficient activator in these reactions. METHODS The derivatization of a panel of β-aminoethyl alcohols was accomplished by reacting the analyte with chloro(dimethyl)phenylsilane in the presence of either NMI or pyridine. After the addition of chloro(dimethyl)phenylsilane, the vials were gently tumbled for 1 h at ambient temperature. The phenyldimethylsilyl derivatives were identified using gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS). RESULTS A total of ten β-aminoethyl alcohols were successfully derivatized via in situ activation of chloro(dimethyl)-phenylsilane with NMI. Derivatization with NMI was significantly more efficient than with pyridine by a factor of 3-6 for the studied alcohols. The derivatizations in the presence of NMI were found to occur in just 1 h and were conveniently executed at ambient temperature. CONCLUSIONS The use of the nitrogenous base NMI in order to activate chloro(dimethyl)phenylsilane for the efficient silylation of a panel of β-aminoethyl alcohols has been demonstrated. The present work shows that NMI is an efficient base for the smooth derivatization of these types of alcohols. Furthermore, the installation of the bulky PDMS group onto these alcohols adds to the certainty that this is a viable approach for the installation of the more commonly employed, trimethylsilyl group. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Valdez
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA; Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
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Shukla P, Ghatta S, Dubey N, Lemley CO, Johnson ML, Modgil A, Vonnahme K, Caton JS, Reynolds LP, Sun C, O'Rourke ST. Maternal nutrient restriction during pregnancy impairs an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-like pathway in sheep fetal coronary arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H134-42. [PMID: 24816259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00595.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying developmental programming are poorly understood but may be associated with adaptations by the fetus in response to changes in the maternal environment during pregnancy. We hypothesized that maternal nutrient restriction during pregnancy alters vasodilator responses in fetal coronary arteries. Pregnant ewes were fed a control [100% U.S. National Research Council (NRC)] or nutrient-restricted (60% NRC) diet from days 50 to 130 of gestation (term = 145 days); fetal tissues were collected at day 130. In coronary arteries isolated from control fetal lambs, relaxation to bradykinin was unaffected by nitro-l-arginine (NLA). Iberiotoxin or contraction with KCl abolished the NLA-resistant response to bradykinin. In fetal coronary arteries from nutrient-restricted ewes, relaxation to bradykinin was fully suppressed by NLA. Large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa) currents did not differ in coronary smooth muscle cells from control and nutrient-restricted animals. The BKCa openers, BMS 191011 and NS1619, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid [a putative endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)] each caused fetal coronary artery relaxation and BKCa current activation that was unaffected by maternal nutrient restriction. Expression of BKCa-channel subunits did not differ in fetal coronary arteries from control or undernourished ewes. The results indicate that maternal undernutrition during pregnancy results in loss of the EDHF-like pathway in fetal coronary arteries in response to bradykinin, an effect that cannot be explained by a decreased number or activity of BKCa channels or by decreased sensitivity to mediators that activate BKCa channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Under these conditions, bradykinin-induced relaxation is completely dependent on nitric oxide, which may represent an adaptive response to compensate for the absence of the EDHF-like pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
| | - Srinivas Ghatta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
| | - Nidhi Dubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
| | - Caleb O Lemley
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Mary Lynn Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Amit Modgil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
| | - Kimberly Vonnahme
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Joel S Caton
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Lawrence P Reynolds
- Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Chengwen Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
| | - Stephen T O'Rourke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota; and
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Sugimoto O, Arakaki T, Kamio H, Tanji KI. The use of a Mitsunobu reagent for the formation of heterocycles: a simple method for the preparation of 3-alkyl-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones from carboxylic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7314-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01971g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-ones were prepared in a one-pot reaction using carboxylic acids and a Mitsunobu reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Arakaki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroka Kamio
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Tanji
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Propylene oxide assisted one-pot, tandem synthesis of substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-ones in water. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Structural diversity-guided convenient construction of functionalized 4H-1,3,4-oxadiazin-5(6H)-one derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mori A, Suzuki S, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T, Ishii K. Vasodilation of retinal arterioles induced by activation of BKCa channels is attenuated in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 669:94-9. [PMID: 21871885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels modulate the retinal vascular tone, but question of whether the impairment of the channel function contributes to abnormalities of retinal circulation has not yet been completely elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of diabetes on the vasodilation induced by activation of BK(Ca) channels. Male Wistar rats were treated with streptozotocin and experiments were performed 2 weeks later. The streptozotocin-treated animals were given drinking water containing 5% d-glucose to shorten the term in the development of retinal vascular dysfunction. The retinal vascular responses were assessed by measuring diameter of retinal arterioles in the fundus images that were captured with an original fundus camera system. In non-diabetic rats, vasodilator effects of acetylcholine on retinal arterioles were significantly reduced by iberiotoxin, an inhibitor of BK(Ca) channels. However, the inhibitory effect of iberiotoxin was not observed in diabetic rats, and the responses to the BK(Ca) channel opener BMS-191011 were almost completely abolished. The retinal vasodilator response to acetylcholine, possibly an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated response, observed after treatment with N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester and indomethacin was markedly reduced in diabetic rats. The responses to pinacidil, an opener of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, were unchanged. These results suggest that the retinal vasodilator response mediated through mechanisms involving activation of BK(Ca) channels is diminished at the early stage of diabetes in rats. The impairment of BK(Ca) channel function may contribute to abnormal retinal hemodynamics in diabetes and consequently play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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Mori A, Suzuki S, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T, Ishii K. BMS-191011, an opener of large-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels, dilates rat retinal arterioles in vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:150-2. [PMID: 21212534 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels modulate vascular smooth muscle tone but the role of BK(Ca) channels in regulation of retinal circulation remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the effects of BMS-191011 and NS 1619, openers of BK(Ca) channels, on rat retinal blood vessels in vivo. Male Wistar rats (8- to 10-week-old) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) and treated with tetrodotoxin (50 µg/kg, intravenously (i.v.)) to eliminate any nerve activity and prevent movement of the eye under artificial ventilation. A mixture solution of adrenaline and noradrenaline (9:1) was infused to maintain adequate systemic circulation. BMS-191011 (10-100 µg/kg, i.v.) and NS 1619 (0.1-1.0 µg/kg, i.v.) increased the diameter of retinal arterioles without altering systemic blood pressure and heart rate significantly. The vasodilator responses to BMS-191011, but not to NS 1619, were significantly diminished by intravitreal injection of iberiotoxin (an inhibitor of BK(Ca) channels, 20 pmol/eye). These results suggest that BMS-191011 dilates rat retinal arterioles through activation of iberiotoxin-sensitive BK(Ca) channels in vivo. The BK(Ca) channel opener could be considered as a candidate for improving retinal circulation without severe cardiovascular side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108–8641, Japan
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Mori A, Suzuki S, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T, Ishii K. Role of calcium-activated potassium channels in acetylcholine-induced vasodilation of rat retinal arterioles in vivo. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2010; 383:27-34. [PMID: 20978884 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-010-0570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium plays an important role in regulating retinal blood flow via actions of several vasodilators, including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin I₂, and an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Our previous in vivo studies demonstrated that acetylcholine (ACh) dilates the rat retinal arteriole partly through NO- and prostaglandin-independent pathway, possibly the EDHF-mediated pathway, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated. It has been suggested that activation of Ca²+-activated K+ (K(Ca)) channels contributes to the EDHF-mediated responses; therefore, the roles of K(Ca) channels in ACh-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles were examined in rats. The retinal vascular responses were assessed by determining changes in diameters of retinal arterioles in ocular fundus images that were captured with an original fundus camera system. Intravitreal injection of charybdotoxin, an inhibitor of intermediate- and large-conductance K(Ca) (I/BK(Ca)) channels, or iberiotoxin, an inhibitor of large-conductance K(Ca) (BK(Ca)) channels, significantly reduced the ACh-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles, whereas neither apamin, an inhibitor of small-conductance K(Ca) (SK(Ca)) channels, nor TRAM-34, an inhibitor of intermediate-conductance K(Ca) (IK(Ca)) channels, altered the response. The vasodilator response to ACh observed under the combined blockade of NO synthase and cyclooxygenase with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester plus indomethacin was also diminished by iberiotoxin. Iberiotoxin did not affect the NO donor NOR3-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles, whereas it significantly reduced the BK(Ca) channel opener BMS-191011-induced responses. These results suggest that activation of BK(Ca) channels is involved in the EDHF-mediated component of the vasodilator response to ACh in the rat retinal arterioles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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Park JY, Chae JH. Facile Access to a Variety of 2,5-Biaryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones via Regioselective N-Arylation of Triazolones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.8.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zakzeski J, Bell AT. Oxidative carbonylation of benzotrifluoride to form trifluoromethylbenzoic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2008.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee T, Landis CA, Dhar BM, Jung BJ, Sun J, Sarjeant A, Lee HJ, Katz HE. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Unusual Field-Effect Behavior of Organic Transistor Semiconductor Oligomers: Inferiority of Oxadiazole Compared with Other Electron-Withdrawing Subunits. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1692-705. [DOI: 10.1021/ja807219x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taegweon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Chad A. Landis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Bal Mukund Dhar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Byung Jun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Amy Sarjeant
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Ho-Jin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, and Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
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2-Alkylamino- and alkoxy-substituted 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles-O-Alkyl benzohydroxamate esters replacements retain the desired inhibition and selectivity against MEK (MAP ERK kinase). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6171-4. [PMID: 18951019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a second generation MEK inhibitor. The previously reported potent and efficacious MEK inhibitor, PD-184352 (CI-1040), contains an integral hydroxamate moiety. This compound suffered from less than ideal solubility and metabolic stability. An oxadiazole moiety behaves as a bioisostere for the hydroxamate group, leading to a more metabolically stable and efficacious MEK inhibitor.
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Garcia ML, Shen DM, Kaczorowski GJ. High-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2007. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.17.7.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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