1
|
Li W, Wang C, Zhu T, Liu G, Wu J. Metal- and additive-free β-C(sp 2)-H decarboxylative alkylsulfonylation of enamides from phenyliodine(III) dicarboxylates and sulfur dioxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8212-8215. [PMID: 39010756 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02865a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
A green process for the direct C(sp2)-H decarboxylative alkylsulfonylation of enamides under metal- and additive-free conditions is reported. This reaction employs phenyliodine(III) dicarboxylates as the alkyl radical precursors and DABCO·(SO2)2 as the sulfur dioxide surrogate. Diverse (E)-alkylsulfonyl enamides are generated in moderate to good yields with high stereoselectivity under extremely mild conditions via a radical process. A broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance are presented. Moreover, a cascade alkylsulfonylation/cyclization reaction of N-methacryloyl enamides occurs smoothly, giving rise to various alkylsulfonylated pyrrolidones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Cenxin Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Tonghao Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Previtali V, Bagnolini G, Ciamarone A, Ferrandi G, Rinaldi F, Myers SH, Roberti M, Cavalli A. New Horizons of Synthetic Lethality in Cancer: Current Development and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11488-11521. [PMID: 38955347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic lethality has been recognized as a solid paradigm for anticancer therapies. The discovery of a growing number of synthetic lethal targets has led to a significant expansion in the use of synthetic lethality, far beyond poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors used to treat BRCA1/2-defective tumors. In particular, molecular targets within DNA damage response have provided a source of inhibitors that have rapidly reached clinical trials. This Perspective focuses on the most recent progress in synthetic lethal targets and their inhibitors, within and beyond the DNA damage response, describing their design and associated therapeutic strategies. We will conclude by discussing the current challenges and new opportunities for this promising field of research, to stimulate discussion in the medicinal chemistry community, allowing the investigation of synthetic lethality to reach its full potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Previtali
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Greta Bagnolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrandi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Samuel Harry Myers
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, Jiang K, Liu Y, Li J, Huang S, Li P, Xu L, Xu X, Hu X, Zeng X, Huang Z, Zhou Y, Li J, Long K, Wang M. Discovery of Preclinical Candidate AD1058 as a Highly Potent, Selective, and Brain-Penetrant ATR Inhibitor for the Treatment of Advanced Malignancies. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39053006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein (ATR) plays a crucial role in regulating the cellular DNA-damage response (DDR), making it a promising target for antitumor drug development through synthetic lethality. In this study, we present the discovery and detailed characterization of AD1058, a highly potent and selective ATR inhibitor, with good preclinical pharmacokinetic profiles. AD1058 exhibits superior efficacy in inhibiting cell proliferation, disrupting the cell cycle, and inducing apoptosis compared to AZD6738. AD1058 displays potent antitumor effects as a single agent or in combination with clinically approved tumor therapies such as PARP inhibitors, ionizing radiotherapy, or chemotherapy in vivo. Considering its enhanced ability to permeate the blood-brain barrier, AD1058 is a promising clinical candidate for the treatment of brain metastases and leptomeningeal metastases in solid tumors. Additionally, among reported ATR inhibitors, AD1058 features the shortest synthesis route and the highest efficiency to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kailong Jiang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junfei Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Ping Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Xiaobei Hu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Zehui Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kai Long
- Shanghai Annova Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu YM, Liu XC, Hu L, Dong ZW, Yao HY, Wang YJ, Zhao WJ, Xiang YK, Liu Y, Wang HB, Yin QK. Inhibition of the ATR-DNAPKcs-RB axis drives G1/S-phase transition and sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to DNA holliday junctions. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116310. [PMID: 38788960 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) is a promising strategy in oncotherapy, as most tumor cells are sensitive to excess damage due to their repair defects. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and RAD3-related protein (ATR) is a damage response signal transduction sensor, and its therapeutic potential in tumor cells needs to be precisely investigated. Herein, we identified a new axis that could be targeted by ATR inhibitors to decrease the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNAPKcs), downregulate the expression of the retinoblastoma (RB), and drive G1/S-phase transition. Four-way DNA Holliday junctions (FJs) assembled in this process could trigger S-phase arrest and induce lethal chromosome damage in RB-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Furthermore, these unrepaired junctions also exerted toxic effects to RB-deficient TNBC cells when the homologous recombination repair (HRR) was inhibited. This study proposes a precise strategy for treating TNBC by targeting the DDR and extends our understanding of ATR and HJ in tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Miao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xue-Cun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, China
| | - Hong-Ying Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yu-Ke Xiang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qi-Kun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Basic Science Research Center Base (Pharmaceutical Science), Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pilié PG, Giuliani V, Wang WL, McGrail DJ, Bristow CA, Ngoi NY, Kyewalabye K, Wani KM, Le H, Campbell E, Sanchez NS, Yang D, Gheeya JS, Goswamy RV, Holla V, Shaw KR, Meric-Bernstam F, Liu CY, Ma X, Feng N, Machado AA, Bardenhagen JP, Vellano CP, Marszalek JR, Rajendra E, Piscitello D, Johnson TI, Likhatcheva M, Elinati E, Majithiya J, Neves J, Grinkevich V, Ranzani M, Luzarraga MR, Boursier M, Armstrong L, Geo L, Lillo G, Tse WY, Lazar AJ, Kopetz SE, Geck Do MK, Lively S, Johnson MG, Robinson HM, Smith GC, Carroll CL, Di Francesco ME, Jones P, Heffernan TP, Yap TA. Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Loss-of-Function Displays Variant and Tissue-Specific Differences across Tumor Types. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2121-2139. [PMID: 38416404 PMCID: PMC11094420 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mutations in the ATM gene are common in multiple cancers, but clinical studies of therapies targeting ATM-aberrant cancers have yielded mixed results. Refinement of ATM loss of function (LOF) as a predictive biomarker of response is urgently needed. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We present the first disclosure and preclinical development of a novel, selective ATR inhibitor, ART0380, and test its antitumor activity in multiple preclinical cancer models. To refine ATM LOF as a predictive biomarker, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of ATM variants in patient tumors and then assessed the ATM variant-to-protein relationship. Finally, we assessed a novel ATM LOF biomarker approach in retrospective clinical data sets of patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy or ATR inhibition. RESULTS ART0380 had potent, selective antitumor activity in a range of preclinical cancer models with differing degrees of ATM LOF. Pan-cancer analysis identified 10,609 ATM variants in 8,587 patient tumors. Cancer lineage-specific differences were seen in the prevalence of deleterious (Tier 1) versus unknown/benign (Tier 2) variants, selective pressure for loss of heterozygosity, and concordance between a deleterious variant and ATM loss of protein (LOP). A novel ATM LOF biomarker approach that accounts for variant classification, relationship to ATM LOP, and tissue-specific penetrance significantly enriched for patients who benefited from platinum-based chemotherapy or ATR inhibition. CONCLUSIONS These data help to better define ATM LOF across tumor types in order to optimize patient selection and improve molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches for patients with ATM LOF cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G. Pilié
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Virginia Giuliani
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel J. McGrail
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher A. Bristow
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Natalie Y.L. Ngoi
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keith Kyewalabye
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Khalida M. Wani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hung Le
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Erick Campbell
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nora S. Sanchez
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dong Yang
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jinesh S. Gheeya
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Vijaykumar Holla
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kenna Rael Shaw
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chiu-Yi Liu
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - XiaoYan Ma
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ningping Feng
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Annette A. Machado
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer P. Bardenhagen
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher P. Vellano
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph R. Marszalek
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eeson Rajendra
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Desiree Piscitello
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy I. Johnson
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Likhatcheva
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elias Elinati
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jayesh Majithiya
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Neves
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vera Grinkevich
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Ranzani
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Roy Luzarraga
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Boursier
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Armstrong
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lerin Geo
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Lillo
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wai Yiu Tse
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J. Lazar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott E. Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mary K. Geck Do
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah Lively
- ChemPartner Corporation, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Helen M.R. Robinson
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme C.M. Smith
- Artios Pharma, the Glenn Berge Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher L. Carroll
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - M. Emilia Di Francesco
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Philip Jones
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy P. Heffernan
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy A. Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (Phase I Program), Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Monteith JJ, Pearson JW, Rousseaux SAL. Photocatalytic O- to S-Rearrangement of Tertiary Cyclopropanols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402912. [PMID: 38418404 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite the importance of heteroatom-substituted cyclopropane derivatives in drug design and organic synthesis, cyclopropanethiols remain critically underexplored. Inspired by the wide use of the Newman-Kwart rearrangement to access valuable thiophenols from phenol feedstocks, we report the development of a photocatalytic approach for efficient ambient temperature aliphatic O- to S-rearrangement on tertiary cyclopropanol derivatives. After demonstrating that a range of cyclopropanethiols-that are difficult to access by other methods-can be obtained with this strategy, we show that these rearranged products can be easily hydrolyzed and further derivatized. We conclude this study with mechanistic findings that enabled an initial extension of this approach toward other classes of aliphatic alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Monteith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - James W Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sophie A L Rousseaux
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Black WC, Abdoli A, An X, Auger A, Beaulieu P, Bernatchez M, Caron C, Chefson A, Crane S, Diallo M, Dorich S, Fader LD, Ferraro GB, Fournier S, Gao Q, Ginzburg Y, Hamel M, Han Y, Jones P, Lanoix S, Lacbay CM, Leclaire ME, Levy M, Mamane Y, Mulani A, Papp R, Pellerin C, Picard A, Skeldon A, Skorey K, Stocco R, St-Onge M, Truchon JF, Truong VL, Zimmermann M, Zinda M, Roulston A. Discovery of the Potent and Selective ATR Inhibitor Camonsertib (RP-3500). J Med Chem 2024; 67:2349-2368. [PMID: 38299539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
ATR is a key kinase in the DNA-damage response (DDR) that is synthetic lethal with several other DDR proteins, making it an attractive target for the treatment of genetically selected solid tumors. Herein we describe the discovery of a novel ATR inhibitor guided by a pharmacophore model to position a key hydrogen bond. Optimization was driven by potency and selectivity over the related kinase mTOR, resulting in the identification of camonsertib (RP-3500) with high potency and excellent ADME properties. Preclinical evaluation focused on the impact of camonsertib on myelosuppression, and an exploration of intermittent dosing schedules to allow recovery of the erythroid compartment and mitigate anemia. Camonsertib is currently undergoing clinical evaluation both as a single agent and in combination with talazoparib, olaparib, niraparib, lunresertib, or gemcitabine (NCT04497116, NCT04972110, NCT04855656). A preliminary recommended phase 2 dose for monotherapy was identified as 160 mg QD given 3 days/week.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Cameron Black
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Abbas Abdoli
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Xiuli An
- New York Blood Center Enterprises, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Anick Auger
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | | | | | - Cathy Caron
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Amandine Chefson
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Sheldon Crane
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Mohamed Diallo
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Dorich
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Lee D Fader
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Gino B Ferraro
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Sara Fournier
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Qi Gao
- J-Star Research, Inc., 3001 Hadley Road, Suites 1-5A, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - Yelena Ginzburg
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Martine Hamel
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Yongshuai Han
- New York Blood Center Enterprises, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Paul Jones
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Lanoix
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Cyrus M Lacbay
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Leclaire
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Maayan Levy
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Yael Mamane
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Amina Mulani
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Robert Papp
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Charles Pellerin
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Audrey Picard
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Alexander Skeldon
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Kathryn Skorey
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Rino Stocco
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Miguel St-Onge
- Ventus Therapeutics, Inc., 7150 Frederick-Banting, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 2A1, Canada
| | - Jean-François Truchon
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Vouy Linh Truong
- Nuchem Sciences, Inc., 2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4R 2N6, Canada
| | - Michal Zimmermann
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Michael Zinda
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| | - Anne Roulston
- Repare Therapeutics, Inc., 7171 Frederick-Banting, Building 2, Saint-Laurent, Quebec H4S 1Z9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khamidullina AI, Abramenko YE, Bruter AV, Tatarskiy VV. Key Proteins of Replication Stress Response and Cell Cycle Control as Cancer Therapy Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1263. [PMID: 38279263 PMCID: PMC10816012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Replication stress (RS) is a characteristic state of cancer cells as they tend to exchange precision of replication for fast proliferation and increased genomic instability. To overcome the consequences of improper replication control, malignant cells frequently inactivate parts of their DNA damage response (DDR) pathways (the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway), while relying on other pathways which help to maintain replication fork stability (ATR-CHK1). This creates a dependency on the remaining DDR pathways, vulnerability to further destabilization of replication and synthetic lethality of DDR inhibitors with common oncogenic alterations such as mutations of TP53, RB1, ATM, amplifications of MYC, CCNE1 and others. The response to RS is normally limited by coordination of cell cycle, transcription and replication. Inhibition of WEE1 and PKMYT1 kinases, which prevent unscheduled mitosis entry, leads to fragility of under-replicated sites. Recent evidence also shows that inhibition of Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), such as CDK4/6, CDK2, CDK8/19 and CDK12/13 can contribute to RS through disruption of DNA repair and replication control. Here, we review the main causes of RS in cancers as well as main therapeutic targets-ATR, CHK1, PARP and their inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvina I. Khamidullina
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav E. Abramenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
| | - Alexandra V. Bruter
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V. Tatarskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.K.); (Y.E.A.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ghasemi HI, Bacal J, Yoon AC, Tavasoli KU, Cruz C, Vu JT, Gardner BM, Richardson CD. Interstrand crosslinking of homologous repair template DNA enhances gene editing in human cells. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:1398-1404. [PMID: 36849829 PMCID: PMC10460463 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe a strategy to boost the efficiency of gene editing via homology-directed repair (HDR) by covalently modifying the template DNA with interstrand crosslinks. Crosslinked templates (xHDRTs) increase Cas9-mediated editing efficiencies by up to fivefold in K562, HEK293T, U2OS, iPS and primary T cells. Increased editing from xHDRTs is driven by events on the template molecule and requires ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase and components of the Fanconi anemia pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah I Ghasemi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Julien Bacal
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Amanda C Yoon
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Katherine U Tavasoli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Carmen Cruz
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan T Vu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Brooke M Gardner
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Chris D Richardson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wimberger S, Akrap N, Firth M, Brengdahl J, Engberg S, Schwinn MK, Slater MR, Lundin A, Hsieh PP, Li S, Cerboni S, Sumner J, Bestas B, Schiffthaler B, Magnusson B, Di Castro S, Iyer P, Bohlooly-Y M, Machleidt T, Rees S, Engkvist O, Norris T, Cadogan EB, Forment JV, Šviković S, Akcakaya P, Taheri-Ghahfarokhi A, Maresca M. Simultaneous inhibition of DNA-PK and Polϴ improves integration efficiency and precision of genome editing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4761. [PMID: 37580318 PMCID: PMC10425386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome editing, specifically CRISPR/Cas9 technology, has revolutionized biomedical research and offers potential cures for genetic diseases. Despite rapid progress, low efficiency of targeted DNA integration and generation of unintended mutations represent major limitations for genome editing applications caused by the interplay with DNA double-strand break repair pathways. To address this, we conduct a large-scale compound library screen to identify targets for enhancing targeted genome insertions. Our study reveals DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as the most effective target to improve CRISPR/Cas9-mediated insertions, confirming previous findings. We extensively characterize AZD7648, a selective DNA-PK inhibitor, and find it to significantly enhance precise gene editing. We further improve integration efficiency and precision by inhibiting DNA polymerase theta (Polϴ). The combined treatment, named 2iHDR, boosts templated insertions to 80% efficiency with minimal unintended insertions and deletions. Notably, 2iHDR also reduces off-target effects of Cas9, greatly enhancing the fidelity and performance of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Wimberger
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nina Akrap
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mike Firth
- Data Sciences & Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johan Brengdahl
- Cell Assay Development, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanna Engberg
- Cell Engineering Sweden, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Anders Lundin
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pei-Pei Hsieh
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Songyuan Li
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silvia Cerboni
- Translational Science & Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Sumner
- Cell Immunology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Burcu Bestas
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bastian Schiffthaler
- Data Sciences & Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Magnusson
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silvio Di Castro
- Compound Synthesis & Management, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Preeti Iyer
- Molecular AI, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Bohlooly-Y
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Steve Rees
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ola Engkvist
- Molecular AI, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tyrell Norris
- Cell Engineering Sweden, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Saša Šviković
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pinar Akcakaya
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amir Taheri-Ghahfarokhi
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcello Maresca
- Genome Engineering, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Biswas H, Makinwa Y, Zou Y. Novel Cellular Functions of ATR for Therapeutic Targeting: Embryogenesis to Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11684. [PMID: 37511442 PMCID: PMC10380702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is recognized as having an important role in cancer growth and treatment. ATR (ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related) kinase, a major regulator of DDR, has shown significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. ATR inhibitors have shown anti-tumor effectiveness, not just as monotherapies but also in enhancing the effects of standard chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. The biological basis of ATR is examined in this review, as well as its functional significance in the development and therapy of cancer, and the justification for inhibiting this target as a therapeutic approach, including an assessment of the progress and status of previous decades' development of effective and selective ATR inhibitors. The current applications of these inhibitors in preclinical and clinical investigations as single medicines or in combination with chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy are also fully reviewed. This review concludes with some insights into the many concerns highlighted or identified with ATR inhibitors in both the preclinical and clinical contexts, as well as potential remedies proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Zou
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (H.B.); (Y.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Duan Y, Zhuang L, Xu Y, Cheng H, Xia J, Lu T, Chen Y. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as novel ATR inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106535. [PMID: 37086581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Targeting ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase is being pursued as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of advanced solid tumor with specific DNA damage response deficiency. Herein, we report a series of pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives with potent ATR inhibitory activity through structure-based drug design. Among them, the representative compound 10q exhibited excellent potency against ATR in both biochemical and cellular assays. More importantly, 10q exhibited good liver microsomes stability in different species and also showed moderate inhibitory activity against HT-29 cells in combination treatment with the ATM inhibitor AZD1390. Thus, this work provides a promising lead compound against ATR for further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Duan
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Lili Zhuang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yerong Xu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Haodong Cheng
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jiawei Xia
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yadong Chen
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Duan Y, Cheng H, Zhuang L, Xia J, Xu Y, Zhang R, Sun R, Lu T, Chen Y. Discovery of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 255:115370. [PMID: 37130473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad3-related (ATR) kinase regulates the DNA damage response (DDR), which plays a critical role in the ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway. ATR inhibition can induce synthetic lethality (SL) with several DDR deficiencies, making it an attractive drug target for cancers with DDR defects. In this study, we developed a series of selective and potent ATR inhibitors with a thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine scaffold using a hybrid design. We identified compound 34 as a representative molecule that inhibited ATR kinase with an IC50 value of 1.5 nM and showed reduced potency against other kinases tested. Compound 34 also exhibited potent antiproliferative effects against LoVo cells and SL effects against HT-29 cells. Moreover, compound 34 demonstrated good pharmacokinetic properties, in vivo antitumor efficacy, and no obvious toxicity in the LoVo xenograft tumor model. Therefore, compound 34 is a promising lead compound for drug development to combat specific DDR deficiencies in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Duan
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Haodong Cheng
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Lili Zhuang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Jiawei Xia
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Yerong Xu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Ruyue Zhang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yadong Chen
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Qi Y, Wang K, Long B, Yue H, Wu Y, Yang D, Tong M, Shi X, Hou Y, Zhao Y. Discovery of novel 7,7-dimethyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as ATR inhibitors based on structure-based drug design. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114945. [PMID: 36462444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ATR kinase is essential to the viability of replicating cells responding to the accumulation of single-strand breaks in DNA, which is an attractive anticancer drug target based on synthetic lethality. Herein we design, synthesize, and evaluate a novel series of fused pyrimidine derivatives as ATR inhibitors. As a result, compound 48f, with an IC50 value of 0.0030 μM against ATR, displayed strong monotherapy efficacy in ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase-deficient tumor cells LoVo, SW620, OVCAR-3 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.040 μM, 0.095 μM, 0.098 μM, respectively. More importantly, the combination of 48f with AZD-1390, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and olaparib respectively resulted in synergistic activity against HT-29, HCT116, A549, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, 48f showed a favorable pharmacokinetic profile with a bioavailability of 30.0% in SD rats, acceptable PPB, high permeability (Papp A to B = 8.23 cm s-1 × 10-6), and low risk of drug-drug interactions. Collectively, compound 48f could be a promising compound for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinliang Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Bin Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Hao Yue
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yongshuo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Dexiao Yang
- 3D BioOptima, 1338 Wuzhong Avenue, Suzhou, 215104, China
| | - Minghui Tong
- 3D BioOptima, 1338 Wuzhong Avenue, Suzhou, 215104, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- 3D BioOptima, 1338 Wuzhong Avenue, Suzhou, 215104, China
| | - Yunlei Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abe H, Yeh YH, Munakata Y, Ishiguro KI, Andreassen PR, Namekawa SH. Active DNA damage response signaling initiates and maintains meiotic sex chromosome inactivation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7212. [PMID: 36443288 PMCID: PMC9705562 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) is an essential process in the male germline. While genetic experiments have established that the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway directs MSCI, due to limitations to the experimental systems available, mechanisms underlying MSCI remain largely unknown. Here we establish a system to study MSCI ex vivo, based on a short-term culture method, and demonstrate that active DDR signaling is required both to initiate and maintain MSCI via a dynamic and reversible process. DDR-directed MSCI follows two layers of modifications: active DDR-dependent reversible processes and irreversible histone post-translational modifications. Further, the DDR initiates MSCI independent of the downstream repressive histone mark H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), thereby demonstrating that active DDR signaling is the primary mechanism of silencing in MSCI. By unveiling the dynamic nature of MSCI, and its governance by active DDR signals, our study highlights the sex chromosomes as an active signaling hub in meiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Abe
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA ,grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Chromosome Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811 Japan
| | - Yu-Han Yeh
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Yasuhisa Munakata
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Kei-Ichiro Ishiguro
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Chromosome Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811 Japan
| | - Paul R. Andreassen
- grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Division of Experimental Hematology & Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Satoshi H. Namekawa
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gaur A, Peerzada MN, Khan NS, Ali I, Azam A. Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Indole Based Arylsulfonylhydrazides against Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42036-42043. [PMID: 36440122 PMCID: PMC9685603 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel indole based sulfonohydrazide derivatives (5a-k) containing morpholine heterocyclic ring were synthesized through multistep chemical reactions. The target compounds (5a-k) were prepared by the reaction of substituted phenyl sulfonylhydrazides (2a-k) with morpholine derivative of indole 3-carboxaldehyde. All the target compounds were screened for their anticancer activity in vitro against the estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer line MCF-7 and triple-negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-468. It was found that among all the evaluated compounds, the chemotype 4-chloro-N'-((1-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)benzenesulfonohydrazide (5f) showed promising inhibition of both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cancer cells with the respective IC50 values of 13.2 μM and 8.2 μM. Compound 5f was found to be nontoxic against HEK 293 noncancerous cells in the studied concentration range, therefore indicating that such chemotypes inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells selectively and significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Gaur
- Department
of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi110025, India
| | | | - Nashrah Sharif Khan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi110025, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi110025, India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi110025, India
| | - Amir Azam
- Department
of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi110025, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
7-Azaindole, 2,7-diazaindole, and 1H-pyrazole as core structures for novel anticancer agents with potential chemosensitizing properties. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Turpin A, Neuzillet C, Colle E, Dusetti N, Nicolle R, Cros J, de Mestier L, Bachet JB, Hammel P. Therapeutic advances in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a focus on targeted therapies. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221118019. [PMID: 36090800 PMCID: PMC9459481 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221118019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is increasing worldwide and effective new treatments are urgently needed. The current treatment of metastatic PDAC in fit patients is based on two chemotherapy combinations (FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel) which were validated more than 8 years ago. Although almost all treatments targeting specific molecular alterations have failed so far when administered to unselected patients, encouraging results were observed in the small subpopulations of patients with germline BRCA 1/2 mutations, and somatic gene fusions (neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase, Neuregulin 1, which are enriched in KRAS wild-type PDAC), KRAS G12C mutations, or microsatellite instability. While targeted tumor metabolism therapies and immunotherapy have been disappointing, they are still under investigation in combination with other drugs. Optimizing pharmacokinetics and adapting available chemotherapies based on molecular signatures are other promising avenues of research. This review evaluates the current expectations and limits of available treatments and analyses the existing trials. A permanent search for actionable vulnerabilities in PDAC tumor cells and microenvironments will probably result in a more personalized therapeutic approach, keeping in mind that supportive care must also play a major role if real clinical efficacy is to be achieved in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Turpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, CNRS UMR9020,
Inserm UMR-S 1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to
Therapies, University Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Curie
Institute, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Paris-Saclay University,
Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Elise Colle
- Department of Digestive and Medical Oncology,
Hospital Paul Brousse (AP-HP), Villejuif, University of Paris Saclay,
France
| | - Nelson Dusetti
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CRCM,
Inserm, CNRS, Paoli-Calmettes Institut, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille,
France
| | - Rémy Nicolle
- Centre de Recherche sur l’Inflammation, INSERM,
U1149, CNRS, ERL 8252, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Cros
- Department of Pathology, University of Paris
Cité, Hospital Beaujon (AP-HP), Clichy, France
| | - Louis de Mestier
- Department of Gastroenterology and
Pancreatology, University of Paris Cité, Hospital Beaujon (AP-HP), Clichy,
France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bachet
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive
Oncology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, UPMC University,
Paris, France
| | - Pascal Hammel
- Department of Digestive and Medical Oncology,
Hôpital Paul Brousse (AP-HP), 12 Avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, Villejuif
94800, University of Paris Saclay, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saha S, Rundle S, Kotsopoulos IC, Begbie J, Howarth R, Pappworth IY, Mukhopadhyay A, Kucukmetin A, Marchbank KJ, Curtin N. Determining the Potential of DNA Damage Response (DDR) Inhibitors in Cervical Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4288. [PMID: 36077823 PMCID: PMC9454916 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for advanced cervical cancer (CC) but the response rate is poor (46-72%) and cisplatin is nephrotoxic. Therefore, better treatment of CC is urgently needed. We have directly compared, for the first time, the cytotoxicity of four DDR inhibitors (rucaparib/PARPi, VE-821/ATRi, PF-477736/CHK1i and MK-1775/WEE1i) as single agents, and in combination with cisplatin and radiotherapy (RT) in a panel of CC cells. All inhibitors alone caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. Low ATM and DNA-PKcs levels were associated with greater VE-821 cytotoxicity. Cisplatin induced ATR, CHK1 and WEE1 activity in all of the cell lines. Cisplatin only activated PARP in S-phase cells, but RT activated PARP in the entire population. Rucaparib was the most potent radiosensitiser and VE-821 was the most potent chemosensitiser. VE-821, PF-47736 and MK-1775 attenuated cisplatin-induced S-phase arrest but tended to increase G2 phase accumulation. In mice, cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury was associated with oxidative stress and PARP activation and was prevented by rucaparib. Therefore, while all inhibitors investigated may increase the efficacy of CRT, the greatest clinical potential of rucaparib may be in limiting kidney damage, which is dose-limiting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santu Saha
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK or
| | - Stuart Rundle
- The Northern Gynaecological Oncology Centre (NGOC), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead NE9 6SX, UK
| | - Ioannis C. Kotsopoulos
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Rd, London NW1 2PG, UK
| | | | - Rachel Howarth
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK or
| | - Isabel Y. Pappworth
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, National Renal Complement Therapeutics Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Asima Mukhopadhyay
- Kolkata Gynecological Oncology Trials and Translational Research Group, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ali Kucukmetin
- The Northern Gynaecological Oncology Centre (NGOC), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead NE9 6SX, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Kevin J. Marchbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, National Renal Complement Therapeutics Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Nicola Curtin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK or
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chan Wah Hak CML, Rullan A, Patin EC, Pedersen M, Melcher AA, Harrington KJ. Enhancing anti-tumour innate immunity by targeting the DNA damage response and pattern recognition receptors in combination with radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971959. [PMID: 36106115 PMCID: PMC9465159 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective and frequently used treatments for a wide range of cancers. In addition to its direct anti-cancer cytotoxic effects, ionising radiation can augment the anti-tumour immune response by triggering pro-inflammatory signals, DNA damage-induced immunogenic cell death and innate immune activation. Anti-tumour innate immunity can result from recruitment and stimulation of dendritic cells (DCs) which leads to tumour-specific adaptive T-cell priming and immunostimulatory cell infiltration. Conversely, radiotherapy can also induce immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory mediators that can confer radioresistance. Targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) concomitantly with radiotherapy is an attractive strategy for overcoming radioresistance, both by enhancing the radiosensitivity of tumour relative to normal tissues, and tipping the scales in favour of an immunostimulatory tumour microenvironment. This two-pronged approach exploits genomic instability to circumvent immune evasion, targeting both hallmarks of cancer. In this review, we describe targetable DDR proteins (PARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase); ATM/ATR (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related), DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit) and Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase) and their potential intersections with druggable immunomodulatory signalling pathways, including nucleic acid-sensing mechanisms (Toll-like receptors (TLR); cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors), and how these might be exploited to enhance radiation therapy. We summarise current preclinical advances, recent and ongoing clinical trials and the challenges of therapeutic combinations with existing treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Rullan
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel C. Patin
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malin Pedersen
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan A. Melcher
- Translational Immunotherapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J. Harrington
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lücking U. New Opportunities for the Utilization of the Sulfoximine Group in Medicinal Chemistry from the Drug Designer's Perspective**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201993. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Lücking
- FoRx Therapeutics AG Lichtstrasse 35, WSJ-350.3.05 4056 Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Diehl FF, Miettinen TP, Elbashir R, Nabel CS, Darnell AM, Do BT, Manalis SR, Lewis CA, Vander Heiden MG. Nucleotide imbalance decouples cell growth from cell proliferation. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1252-1264. [PMID: 35927450 PMCID: PMC9359916 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide metabolism supports RNA synthesis and DNA replication to enable cell growth and division. Nucleotide depletion can inhibit cell growth and proliferation, but how cells sense and respond to changes in the relative levels of individual nucleotides is unclear. Moreover, the nucleotide requirement for biomass production changes over the course of the cell cycle, and how cells coordinate differential nucleotide demands with cell cycle progression is not well understood. Here we find that excess levels of individual nucleotides can inhibit proliferation by disrupting the relative levels of nucleotide bases needed for DNA replication and impeding DNA replication. The resulting purine and pyrimidine imbalances are not sensed by canonical growth regulatory pathways like mTORC1, Akt and AMPK signalling cascades, causing excessive cell growth despite inhibited proliferation. Instead, cells rely on replication stress signalling to survive during, and recover from, nucleotide imbalance during S phase. We find that ATR-dependent replication stress signalling is activated during unperturbed S phases and promotes nucleotide availability to support DNA replication. Together, these data reveal that imbalanced nucleotide levels are not detected until S phase, rendering cells reliant on replication stress signalling to cope with this metabolic problem and disrupting the coordination of cell growth and division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances F Diehl
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Teemu P Miettinen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ryan Elbashir
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher S Nabel
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia M Darnell
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian T Do
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Manalis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Surprising lipophilicity observations identify unexpected conformational effects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 69:128786. [PMID: 35569689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to expectation N-aryl pyrrolidinones (and isosteric imidazolinones and oxazolinones) are more lipophilic and less soluble than the corresponding piperidinones (tetrahydropyrimidinones and oxazinones). Exploration of the basis for these results uncovered a subtle interplay of steric and electronic effects that result in different conformations for the two classes of compounds which drive the observed effects.
Collapse
|
24
|
Stadiotti I, Santoro R, Scopece A, Pirola S, Guarino A, Polvani G, Maione AS, Ascione F, Li Q, Delia D, Foiani M, Pompilio G, Sommariva E. Pressure Overload Activates DNA-Damage Response in Cardiac Stromal Cells: A Novel Mechanism Behind Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:878268. [PMID: 35811699 PMCID: PMC9259931 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.878268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, with normal LV ejection fraction. Aortic valve stenosis can cause an HFpEF-like syndrome by inducing sustained pressure overload (PO) and cardiac remodeling, as cardiomyocyte (CM) hypertrophy and fibrotic matrix deposition. Recently, in vivo studies linked PO maladaptive myocardial changes and DNA damage response (DDR) activation: DDR-persistent activation contributes to mouse CM hypertrophy and inflammation, promoting tissue remodeling, and HF. Despite the wide acknowledgment of the pivotal role of the stromal compartment in the fibrotic response to PO, the possible effects of DDR-persistent activation in cardiac stromal cell (C-MSC) are still unknown. Finally, this novel mechanism was not verified in human samples. This study aims to unravel the effects of PO-induced DDR on human C-MSC phenotypes. Human LV septum samples collected from severe aortic stenosis with HFpEF-like syndrome patients undergoing aortic valve surgery and healthy controls (HCs) were used both for histological tissue analyses and C-MSC isolation. PO-induced mechanical stimuli were simulated in vitro by cyclic unidirectional stretch. Interestingly, HFpEF tissue samples revealed DNA damage both in CM and C-MSC. DDR-activation markers γH2AX, pCHK1, and pCHK2 were expressed at higher levels in HFpEF total tissue than in HC. Primary C-MSC isolated from HFpEF and HC subjects and expanded in vitro confirmed the increased γH2AX and phosphorylated checkpoint protein expression, suggesting a persistent DDR response, in parallel with a higher expression of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory factors respect to HC cells, hinting to a DDR-driven remodeling of HFpEF C-MSC. Pressure overload was simulated in vitro, and persistent activation of the CHK1 axis was induced in response to in vitro mechanical stretching, which also increased C-MSC secreted pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic molecules. Finally, fibrosis markers were reverted by the treatment with a CHK1/ATR pathway inhibitor, confirming a cause-effect relationship. In conclusion we demonstrated that, in severe aortic stenosis with HFpEF-like syndrome patients, PO induces DDR-persistent activation not only in CM but also in C-MSC. In C-MSC, DDR activation leads to inflammation and fibrosis, which can be prevented by specific DDR targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Stadiotti
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Santoro
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Rosaria Santoro
| | - Alessandro Scopece
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Pirola
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Guarino
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Polvani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Serena Maione
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM (Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM (Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Delia
- IFOM (Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM (Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare), Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wilson Z, Odedra R, Wallez Y, Wijnhoven PW, Hughes AM, Gerrard J, Jones GN, Bargh-Dawson H, Brown E, Young LA, O'Connor MJ, Lau A. ATR Inhibitor AZD6738 (Ceralasertib) Exerts Antitumor Activity as a Monotherapy and in Combination with Chemotherapy and the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1140-1152. [PMID: 35078817 PMCID: PMC9359726 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AZD6738 (ceralasertib) is a potent and selective orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase. ATR is activated in response to stalled DNA replication forks to promote G2-M cell-cycle checkpoints and fork restart. Here, we found AZD6738 modulated CHK1 phosphorylation and induced ATM-dependent signaling (pRAD50) and the DNA damage marker γH2AX. AZD6738 inhibited break-induced replication and homologous recombination repair. In vitro sensitivity to AZD6738 was elevated in, but not exclusive to, cells with defects in the ATM pathway or that harbor putative drivers of replication stress such as CCNE1 amplification. This translated to in vivo antitumor activity, with tumor control requiring continuous dosing and free plasma exposures, which correlated with induction of pCHK1, pRAD50, and γH2AX. AZD6738 showed combinatorial efficacy with agents associated with replication fork stalling and collapse such as carboplatin and irinotecan and the PARP inhibitor olaparib. These combinations required optimization of dose and schedules in vivo and showed superior antitumor activity at lower doses compared with that required for monotherapy. Tumor regressions required at least 2 days of daily dosing of AZD6738 concurrent with carboplatin, while twice daily dosing was required following irinotecan. In a BRCA2-mutant patient-derived triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenograft model, complete tumor regression was achieved with 3 to5 days of daily AZD6738 per week concurrent with olaparib. Increasing olaparib dosage or AZD6738 dosing to twice daily allowed complete tumor regression even in a BRCA wild-type TNBC xenograft model. These preclinical data provide rationale for clinical evaluation of AZD6738 as a monotherapy or combinatorial agent. SIGNIFICANCE This detailed preclinical investigation, including pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and dose-schedule optimizations, of AZD6738/ceralasertib alone and in combination with chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors can inform ongoing clinical efforts to treat cancer with ATR inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zena Wilson
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Rajesh Odedra
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yann Wallez
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adina M. Hughes
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Gerrard
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma N. Jones
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Bargh-Dawson
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Brown
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy A. Young
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. O'Connor
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Lau
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Corresponding Author: Alan Lau, Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Hodgkin Building, C/O Darwin Building, Unit 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 OWG, United Kingdom. Phone: 4407-9171-88399; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang R, Li A, Liu J, Fang M, Zhu Y, Huang J, Liu Y, Huo L, You Q. BEZ235 reduction of cisplatin resistance on wild-type EGFR non-small cell lung cancer cells. J Chemother 2022; 35:95-103. [PMID: 35238281 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2022.2045826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin, as a first-line chemotherapy drug for advanced wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (wtEGFR) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), often loses effectiveness because of acquired drug resistance. We found that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) of DNA repair kinases and signal transduction molecules, protein kinase B (AKT)/target mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), were significantly phosphorylated in cisplatin-resistant wtEGFR NSCLC cell lines (H358R and A549R) than in their parental cells. Also, BEZ235 (dual phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/mTOR inhibitor) significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of these kinases/proteins, as detected by Western blot analysis. In H358R and A549R cells, the results of indirect immunofluorescence, single-cell gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, clone formation assay, and scratch healing experiment showed that BEZ235 enhanced cisplatin-induced DNA damage and cell apoptosis, and effectively inhibited cellular proliferation/migration when combined with cisplatin. The data indicated that the abnormal activation of ATM/ATR/DNA-PKcs kinases and AKT/mTOR pathway might induce wtEGFR NSCLC cell resistance to cisplatin. The effects of the combination of BEZ235 and cisplatin suggested that BEZ235 should be considered as a combination therapy for patients with cisplatin-resistant wtEGFR NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruikai Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Amin Li
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China.,Medical School, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jiachang Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Yinjie Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Long Huo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science & Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, China
| | - Qinghai You
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Suzuki T, Hirokawa T, Maeda A, Harata S, Watanabe K, Yanagita T, Ushigome H, Nakai N, Maeda Y, Shiga K, Ogawa R, Mitsui A, Kimura M, Matsuo Y, Takahashi H, Takiguchi S. ATR inhibitor AZD6738 increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5‑fluorouracil by inhibiting repair of DNA damage. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:78. [PMID: 35191521 PMCID: PMC8892626 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of DNA damage caused by chemotherapy in cancer cells occurs mainly at two cell cycle checkpoints (G1 and G2) and is a factor contributing to chemoresistance. Most colorectal cancers harbor mutations in p53, the main pathway involved in the G1 checkpoint, and thus, are particularly dependent on the G2 checkpoint for DNA repair. The present study examined the effect of AZD6738, a specific inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad3-related (ATR) involved in the G2 checkpoint, combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a central chemotherapeutic agent, on colorectal cancer cells. Since 5-FU has a DNA-damaging effect, its combination with AZD6738 is likely to enhance the therapeutic effect. The effects of the AZD6738/5-FU combination were evaluated in various colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, HCT116 and DLD-1 cells) by flow cytometry (HT29 cells), western blotting (HT29 cells) and water-soluble tetrazolium 1 assays (HT29, SW480, HCT116 and DLD-1 cells), as well as in an experimental animal model (HT29 cells). In vitro, the AZD6738/5-FU combination increased the number of mitotic cells according to flow cytometry, decreased the checkpoint kinase 1 phosphorylation levels and increased cleaved caspase-3 and phosphorylated form of H2A.X variant histone levels according to western blotting, and decreased the proliferation rate of four colon cancer cell lines according to cell viability experiments. In vivo, xenografted colorectal cancer cells treated with the AZD6738/5-FU combination exhibited a marked decrease in proliferation compared with the 5-FU alone group. The present results suggested that AZD6738 enhanced the effect of 5-FU in p53-mutated colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hirokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Anri Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Harata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Kaori Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanagita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Hajime Ushigome
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Nozomi Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Yuzo Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Akira Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi 462‑8508, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University East Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi 464‑8547, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Menendez D, Anand JR, Murphy CC, Bell WJ, Fu J, Slepushkina N, Buehler E, Martin SE, Lal-Nag M, Nitiss JL, Resnick MA. Etoposide-induced DNA damage is increased in p53 mutants: identification of ATR and other genes that influence effects of p53 mutations on Top2-induced cytotoxicity. Oncotarget 2022; 13:332-346. [PMID: 35178190 PMCID: PMC8845119 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional status of the tumor suppressor p53 is a critical component in determining the sensitivity of cancer cells to many chemotherapeutic agents. DNA topoisomerase II (Top2) plays essential roles in DNA metabolism and is the target of FDA approved chemotherapeutic agents. Topoisomerase targeting drugs convert the enzyme into a DNA damaging agent and p53 influences cellular responses to these agents. We assessed the impact of the loss of p53 function on the formation of DNA damage induced by the Top2 poison etoposide. Using human HCT116 cells, we found resistance to etoposide in cell growth assays upon the functional loss of p53. Nonetheless, cells lacking fully functional p53 were etoposide hypersensitive in clonogenic survival assays. This complex role of p53 led us to directly examine the effects of p53 status on topoisomerase-induced DNA damage. A deficiency in functional p53 resulted in elevated levels of the Top2 covalent complexes (Top2cc) in multiple cell lines. Employing genome-wide siRNA screens, we identified a set of genes for which reduced expression resulted in enhanced synthetic lethality upon etoposide treatment of p53 defective cells. We focused on one hit from this screen, ATR, and showed that decreased expression sensitized the p53-defective cells to etoposide in all assays and generated elevated levels of Top2cc in both p53 proficient and deficient cells. Our findings suggest that a combination of etoposide treatment with functional inactivation of DNA repair in p53 defective cells could be used to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Top2 targeting agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Menendez
- Chromosomal Stability Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- Environmental Cardiopulmonary Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jay R. Anand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Carri C. Murphy
- Chromosomal Stability Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Whitney J. Bell
- Chromosomal Stability Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Nadia Slepushkina
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Eugen Buehler
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Scott E. Martin
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - Madhu Lal-Nag
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA
| | - John L. Nitiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Michael A. Resnick
- Chromosomal Stability Group, Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, NIEHS, NIH, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sims JR, Faça VM, Pereira C, Ascenção C, Comstock W, Badar J, Arroyo-Martinez GA, Freire R, Cohen PE, Weiss RS, Smolka MB. Phosphoproteomics of ATR signaling in mouse testes. eLife 2022; 11:e68648. [PMID: 35133275 PMCID: PMC8824463 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI3K)-related kinase ATR is crucial for mammalian meiosis. ATR promotes meiotic progression by coordinating key events in DNA repair, meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), and checkpoint-dependent quality control during meiotic prophase I. Despite its central roles in meiosis, the ATR-dependent meiotic signaling network remains largely unknown. Here, we used phosphoproteomics to define ATR signaling events in testes from mice following chemical and genetic ablation of ATR signaling. Quantitative analysis of phosphoproteomes obtained after germ cell-specific genetic ablation of the ATR activating 9-1-1 complex or treatment with ATR inhibitor identified over 14,000 phosphorylation sites from testes samples, of which 401 phosphorylation sites were found to be dependent on both the 9-1-1 complex and ATR. Our analyses identified ATR-dependent phosphorylation events in crucial DNA damage signaling and DNA repair proteins including TOPBP1, SMC3, MDC1, RAD50, and SLX4. Importantly, we identified ATR and RAD1-dependent phosphorylation events in proteins involved in mRNA regulatory processes, including SETX and RANBP3, whose localization to the sex body was lost upon ATR inhibition. In addition to identifying the expected ATR-targeted S/T-Q motif, we identified enrichment of an S/T-P-X-K motif in the set of ATR-dependent events, suggesting that ATR promotes signaling via proline-directed kinase(s) during meiosis. Indeed, we found that ATR signaling is important for the proper localization of CDK2 in spermatocytes. Overall, our analysis establishes a map of ATR signaling in mouse testes and highlights potential meiotic-specific actions of ATR during prophase I progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie R Sims
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Vitor M Faça
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Catalina Pereira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Carolline Ascenção
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - William Comstock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Jumana Badar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | | | - Raimundo Freire
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de CanariasTenerifeSpain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La LagunaLa LagunaSpain
- Universidad Fernando Pessoa CanariasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Paula E Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Robert S Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Marcus B Smolka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bin H, Chen P, Wu M, Wang F, Lin G, Pan S, Liu J, Mu B, Nan J, Huang Q, Li L, Yang S. Discovery of a potent and highly selective inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-Related (ATR) kinase: Structural activity relationship and antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
31
|
Choi W, Lee ES. Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Response in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031701. [PMID: 35163621 PMCID: PMC8836062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is critical to ensure genome stability, and defects in this signaling pathway are highly associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Nevertheless, this also provides therapeutic opportunities, as cells with defective DDR signaling are directed to rely on compensatory survival pathways, and these vulnerabilities have been exploited for anticancer treatments. Following the impressive success of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of BRCA-mutated breast and ovarian cancers, extensive research has been conducted toward the development of pharmacologic inhibitors of the key components of the DDR signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the key elements of the DDR pathway and how these molecular components may serve as anticancer treatment targets. We also summarize the recent promising developments in the field of DDR pathway inhibitors, focusing on novel agents beyond PARP inhibitors. Furthermore, we discuss biomarker studies to identify target patients expected to derive maximal clinical benefits as well as combination strategies with other classes of anticancer agents to synergize and optimize the clinical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Choi
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
- Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Lee
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-920-1633
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Petroni G, Cantley LC, Santambrogio L, Formenti SC, Galluzzi L. Radiotherapy as a tool to elicit clinically actionable signalling pathways in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:114-131. [PMID: 34819622 PMCID: PMC9004227 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00579-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A variety of targeted anticancer agents have been successfully introduced into clinical practice, largely reflecting their ability to inhibit specific molecular alterations that are required for disease progression. However, not all malignant cells rely on such alterations to survive, proliferate, disseminate and/or evade anticancer immunity, implying that many tumours are intrinsically resistant to targeted therapies. Radiotherapy is well known for its ability to activate cytotoxic signalling pathways that ultimately promote the death of cancer cells, as well as numerous cytoprotective mechanisms that are elicited by cellular damage. Importantly, many cytoprotective mechanisms elicited by radiotherapy can be abrogated by targeted anticancer agents, suggesting that radiotherapy could be harnessed to enhance the clinical efficacy of these drugs. In this Review, we discuss preclinical and clinical data that introduce radiotherapy as a tool to elicit or amplify clinically actionable signalling pathways in patients with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hu S, Hui Z, Duan J, Garrido C, Xie T, Ye XY. Discovery of small-molecule ATR inhibitors for potential cancer treatment: a patent review from 2014 to present. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:401-421. [PMID: 35001778 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2027911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3-related kinase (ATR) is one of the key PIKKs family members important for DNA damage response and repair pathways. Targeting ATR kinase for potential cancer therapy has attracted a great deal of attention to both pharmaceutical industries and academic community. AREA COVERED This article surveys the patents published since 2014 aiming to analyze the structural features of scaffolds and the patent space. It also discusses the recent clinical developments and provides perspectives on the challenges and the future directions. EXPERT OPINION ATR kinase appears to be a viable drug target for anticancer therapy. Similar to DNA-PK inhibitors, the clinical investigation of an ATRi employs both monotherapy and combination strategy. In the combination strategy, an ATRi is typically combined with a radiation or a targeted drug such as chemotherapy agent poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, etc. Diverse structures comprising different scaffolds from mono-heteroaryl to bicyclic heteroaryl to tricyclic heteroaryl to macrocycle are capable to achieve good ATR inhibitory activity and good ATR selectivity over other closely related enzymes. There are eight ATR inhibitors currently being evaluated in clinics, with the hope to get approval in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province.,Hangzhou Huadong Medicine Group Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hanzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Zi Hui
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province
| | - Jilong Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM Unit U1231, Label LIPSTIC, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, I-SITE, 7, Bvd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province
| | - Xiang-Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province.,Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gu Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Li Y. Transition-metal-free insertion of alkynes into the C–C σ-bond of cyclic β-keto sulfones: an atom-economical way to medium-size-ring sulfonyl derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel base-promoted and highly efficient strategy for the preparation of medium-size-ring sulfonyl derivatives has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingge Gu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongkang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanzhong Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Botrugno OA, Tonon G. Genomic Instability and Replicative Stress in Multiple Myeloma: The Final Curtain? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010025. [PMID: 35008191 PMCID: PMC8750813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genomic instability is recognized as a driving force in most cancers as well as in the haematological cancer multiple myeloma and remains among the leading cause of drug resistance. Several evidences suggest that replicative stress exerts a fundamental role in fuelling genomic instability. Notably, cancer cells rely on a single protein, ATR, to cope with the ensuing DNA damage. In this perspective, we provide an overview depicting how replicative stress represents an Achilles heel for multiple myeloma, which could be therapeutically exploited either alone or in combinatorial regimens to preferentially ablate tumor cells. Abstract Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous hematological cancer that remains incurable despite the introduction of novel therapies in the clinic. Sadly, despite efforts spanning several decades, genomic analysis has failed to identify shared genetic aberrations that could be targeted in this disease. Seeking alternative strategies, various efforts have attempted to target and exploit non-oncogene addictions of MM cells, including, for example, proteasome inhibitors. The surprising finding that MM cells present rampant genomic instability has ignited concerted efforts to understand its origin and exploit it for therapeutic purposes. A credible hypothesis, supported by several lines of evidence, suggests that at the root of this phenotype there is intense replicative stress. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of replicative stress in eliciting genomic instability in MM and how MM cells rely on a single protein, Ataxia Telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein, ATR, to control and survive the ensuing, potentially fatal DNA damage. From this perspective, replicative stress per se represents not only an opportunity for MM cells to increase their evolutionary pool by increasing their genomic heterogeneity, but also a vulnerability that could be leveraged for therapeutic purposes to selectively target MM tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oronza A. Botrugno
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Experimental Oncology Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (O.A.B.); (G.T.); Tel.: +39-02-2643-6661 (O.A.B.); +39-02-2643-5624 (G.T.); Fax: +39-02-2643-6352 (O.A.B. & G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Experimental Oncology Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (O.A.B.); (G.T.); Tel.: +39-02-2643-6661 (O.A.B.); +39-02-2643-5624 (G.T.); Fax: +39-02-2643-6352 (O.A.B. & G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang M, Chen S, Ao D. Targeting DNA repair pathway in cancer: Mechanisms and clinical application. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:654-691. [PMID: 34977872 PMCID: PMC8706759 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the growing understanding on DNA damage response (DDR) pathways has broadened the therapeutic landscape in oncology. It is becoming increasingly clear that the genomic instability of cells resulted from deficient DNA damage response contributes to the occurrence of cancer. One the other hand, these defects could also be exploited as a therapeutic opportunity, which is preferentially more deleterious in tumor cells than in normal cells. An expanding repertoire of DDR-targeting agents has rapidly expanded to inhibitors of multiple members involved in DDR pathways, including PARP, ATM, ATR, CHK1, WEE1, and DNA-PK. In this review, we sought to summarize the complex network of DNA repair machinery in cancer cells and discuss the underlying mechanism for the application of DDR inhibitors in cancer. With the past preclinical evidence and ongoing clinical trials, we also provide an overview of the history and current landscape of DDR inhibitors in cancer treatment, with special focus on the combination of DDR-targeted therapies with other cancer treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Danyi Ao
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Volarić J, Szymanski W, Simeth NA, Feringa BL. Molecular photoswitches in aqueous environments. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12377-12449. [PMID: 34590636 PMCID: PMC8591629 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches enable dynamic control of processes with high spatiotemporal precision, using light as external stimulus, and hence are ideal tools for different research areas spanning from chemical biology to smart materials. Photoswitches are typically organic molecules that feature extended aromatic systems to make them responsive to (visible) light. However, this renders them inherently lipophilic, while water-solubility is of crucial importance to apply photoswitchable organic molecules in biological systems, like in the rapidly emerging field of photopharmacology. Several strategies for solubilizing organic molecules in water are known, but there are not yet clear rules for applying them to photoswitchable molecules. Importantly, rendering photoswitches water-soluble has a serious impact on both their photophysical and biological properties, which must be taken into consideration when designing new systems. Altogether, these aspects pose considerable challenges for successfully applying molecular photoswitches in aqueous systems, and in particular in biologically relevant media. In this review, we focus on fully water-soluble photoswitches, such as those used in biological environments, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. We discuss the design principles and prospects for water-soluble photoswitches to inspire and enable their future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Volarić
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xu H, George E, Kinose Y, Kim H, Shah JB, Peake JD, Ferman B, Medvedev S, Murtha T, Barger CJ, Devins KM, D’Andrea K, Wubbenhorst B, Schwartz LE, Hwang WT, Mills GB, Nathanson KL, Karpf AR, Drapkin R, Brown EJ, Simpkins F. CCNE1 copy number is a biomarker for response to combination WEE1-ATR inhibition in ovarian and endometrial cancer models. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100394. [PMID: 34622231 PMCID: PMC8484689 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CCNE1-amplified ovarian cancers (OVCAs) and endometrial cancers (EMCAs) are associated with platinum resistance and poor survival, representing a clinically unmet need. We hypothesized that dysregulated cell-cycle progression promoted by CCNE1 overexpression would lead to increased sensitivity to low-dose WEE1 inhibition and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibition (WEE1i-ATRi), thereby optimizing efficacy and tolerability. The addition of ATRi to WEE1i is required to block feedback activation of ATR signaling mediated by WEE1i. Low-dose WEE1i-ATRi synergistically decreases viability and colony formation and increases replication fork collapse and double-strand breaks (DSBs) in a CCNE1 copy number (CN)-dependent manner. Only upon CCNE1 induction does WEE1i perturb DNA synthesis at S-phase entry, and addition of ATRi increases DSBs during DNA synthesis. Inherent resistance to WEE1i is overcome with WEE1i-ATRi, with notable durable tumor regressions and improved survival in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in a CCNE1-level-dependent manner. These studies demonstrate that CCNE1 CN is a clinically tractable biomarker predicting responsiveness to low-dose WEE1i-ATRi for aggressive subsets of OVCAs/EMCAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haineng Xu
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Erin George
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yasuto Kinose
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyoung Kim
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer B. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jasmine D. Peake
- Department of Cancer Biology and the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin Ferman
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sergey Medvedev
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas Murtha
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carter J. Barger
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kyle M. Devins
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kurt D’Andrea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bradley Wubbenhorst
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lauren E. Schwartz
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eric J. Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology and the Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fiona Simpkins
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang Q, Liu A, Wang Y, Ni C, Hu J. Copper-Mediated Cross-Coupling of Diazo Compounds with Sulfinates. Org Lett 2021; 23:6919-6924. [PMID: 34410732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A copper-mediated cross-coupling reaction between a diazo compound and a sodium alkane(arene)sulfinate gives a sulfone as the product. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions and features excellent functional group compatibility. A wide range of sodium alkane(arene)sulfinates were successfully applied in this chemistry. Mechanistic studies revealed that the overall reaction efficiency of the sulfinates was in line with their nucleophilicity in this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - An Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Song F, Bian Y, Liu J, Li Z, Zhao L, Fang J, Lai Y, Zhou M. Indole Alkaloids, Synthetic Dimers and Hybrids with Potential In Vivo Anticancer Activity. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:377-403. [PMID: 32901583 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200908162311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indole, a heterocyclic organic compound, is one of the most promising heterocycles found in natural and synthetic sources since its derivatives possess fascinating structural diversity and various therapeutic properties. Indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids could act on diverse targets in cancer cells, and consequently, possess potential antiproliferative effects on various cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Vinblastine, midostaurin, and anlotinib as the representative of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids respectively, have already been clinically applied to treat many types of cancers, demonstrating indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids are useful scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer agents. Covering articles published between 2010 and 2020, this review emphasizes the recent development of indole alkaloids, synthetic dimers and hybrids with potential in vivo therapeutic application for cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yunqiang Bian
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenghua Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Junman Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghong Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aydin G, Paksoy MN, Orhan MD, Avsar T, Yurtsever M, Durdagi S. Proposing novel MDM2 inhibitors: Combined physics-driven high-throughput virtual screening and in vitro studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 96:684-700. [PMID: 32691963 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) protein acts as a negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor. It directly binds to the N terminus of p53 and promotes p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Since the most common p53-suppressing mechanisms involve the MDM2, proposing novel inhibitors has been the focus of many in silico and also experimental studies. Thus, here we screened around 500,000 small organic molecules from Enamine database at the binding pocket of this oncogenic target. The screening was achieved systematically with starting from the high-throughput virtual screening method followed by more sophisticated docking approaches. The initial high number of screened molecules was reduced to 100 hits which then were studied extensively for their therapeutic activity and pharmacokinetic properties using binary QSAR models. The structural and dynamical profiles of the selected molecules at the binding pocket of the target were studied thoroughly by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The free energy of the binding of the hit molecules was estimated by the MM/GBSA method. Based on docking simulations, binary QSAR model results, and free energy calculations, 11 compounds (E1-E11) were selected for in vitro studies. HUVEC vascular endothelium, colon cancer, and breast cancer cell lines were used for testing the binding affinities of the identified hits and for further cellular effects on human cancer cell. Based on in vitro studies, six compounds (E1, E2, E5, E6, E9, and E11) in breast cancer cell lines and six compounds (E1, E2, E5, E6, E8, and E10) in colon cancer cell lines were found as active. Our results showed that these compounds inhibit proliferation and lead to apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Aydin
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Application and Research Center, School of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maide Nur Paksoy
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müge Didem Orhan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Timucin Avsar
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fernandes SG, Shah P, Khattar E. Recent Advances in Therapeutic Application of DNA Damage Response Inhibitors against Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:469-484. [PMID: 34102988 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210608105735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA integrity is continuously challenged by intrinsic cellular processes and environmental agents. To overcome this genomic damage, cells have developed multiple signaling pathways collectively named as DNA damage response (DDR) and composed of three components: (i) sensor proteins, which detect DNA damage, (ii) mediators that relay the signal downstream and recruit the repair machinery, and (iii) the repair proteins, which restore the damaged DNA. A flawed DDR and failure to repair the damage lead to the accumulation of genetic lesions and increased genomic instability, which is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells tend to harbor increased mutations in DDR genes and often have fewer DDR pathways than normal cells. This makes cancer cells more dependent on particular DDR pathways and thus become more susceptible to compounds inhibiting those pathways compared to normal cells, which have all the DDR pathways intact. Understanding the roles of different DDR proteins in the DNA damage response and repair pathways and identification of their structures have paved the way for the development of their inhibitors as targeted cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the major participants of various DDR pathways, their significance in carcinogenesis, and focus on the inhibitors developed against several key DDR proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stina George Fernandes
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai, India
| | - Prachi Shah
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai, India
| | - Ekta Khattar
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The Role of PARP Inhibitors in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer: Recent Advances in Clinical Trials. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050722. [PMID: 34066020 PMCID: PMC8150298 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) belong to a class of targeted drugs developed for the treatment of homologous recombination repair (HRR)-defective tumors. Preclinical and limited clinical data suggest that PARP inhibition is effective against prostate cancer (PC) in patients with HRR-deficient tumors and that PARPis can improve the mortality rate of PC in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations through a synthetic lethality. Olaparib has been approved by the FDA for advanced ovarian and breast cancer with BRCA mutations, and as a maintenance therapy for ovarian cancer after platinum chemotherapy. PARPis are also a new and emerging clinical treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Although PARPis have shown great efficacy, their widespread use is restricted by various factors, including drug resistance and the limited population who benefit from treatment. It is necessary to study the combination of PARPis and other therapeutic agents such as anti-hormone drugs, USP7 inhibitors, BET inhibitors, and immunotherapy. This article reviews the mechanism of PARP inhibition in the treatment of PC, the progress of clinical research, the mechanisms of drug resistance, and the strategies of combination treatments.
Collapse
|
44
|
Li L, Kumar AK, Hu Z, Guo Z. Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Key Proteins in the DNA Damage Response for Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:963-985. [PMID: 32091326 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200224102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a complicated interactional pathway. Defects that occur in subordinate pathways of the DDR pathway can lead to genomic instability and cancer susceptibility. Abnormal expression of some proteins in DDR, especially in the DNA repair pathway, are associated with the subsistence and resistance of cancer cells. Therefore, the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting the chief proteins in the DDR pathway is an effective strategy for cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting chief proteins in the DDR pathway, particularly focusing on their implications for cancer therapy. We present the action mode of DDR molecule inhibitors in preclinical studies and clinical cancer therapy, including monotherapy and combination therapy with chemotherapeutic drugs or checkpoint suppression therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Alagamuthu Karthick Kumar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 WenYuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yuan S, Feng SQ, Li AQ, Zuo JH, Zhang DQ, Xing YJ, Xie Z, Yu B, Liu HM. Design and synthesis of new indole containing biaryl derivatives as potent antiproliferative agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104821. [PMID: 33812156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new series of indole containing biaryl derivatives were designed and synthesized, and further biological evaluations of their antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines (MGC-803 and TE-1 cells) were also conducted. Of these synthesized biaryls, compound 4-methyl-2-((5-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)quinazoline (23) performed as the most potent antiproliferative agent that inhibited cell viability of MGC-803 cells with an IC50 value of 8.28 µM. In addition, investigation of mechanism exhibited that the compound 4-methyl-2-((5-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl)quinazoline (23) could inhibit the expression of c-Myc and glycolysis related proteins, decrease the ATP and lactate production, and further induce apoptosis by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p53 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Si-Qi Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - An-Qi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jia-Hui Zuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Dan-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Xie
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, No. 88, Bayi Road, Xuchang, Henan 461000, PR China.
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li LY, Guan YD, Chen XS, Yang JM, Cheng Y. DNA Repair Pathways in Cancer Therapy and Resistance. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:629266. [PMID: 33628188 PMCID: PMC7898236 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.629266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways are triggered to maintain genetic stability and integrity when mammalian cells are exposed to endogenous or exogenous DNA-damaging agents. The deregulation of DNA repair pathways is associated with the initiation and progression of cancer. As the primary anti-cancer therapies, ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents induce cell death by directly or indirectly causing DNA damage, dysregulation of the DNA damage response may contribute to hypersensitivity or resistance of cancer cells to genotoxic agents and targeting DNA repair pathway can increase the tumor sensitivity to cancer therapies. Therefore, targeting DNA repair pathways may be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. A better understanding of the biology and the regulatory mechanisms of DNA repair pathways has the potential to facilitate the development of inhibitors of nuclear and mitochondria DNA repair pathways for enhancing anticancer effect of DNA damage-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ya Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-di Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-Sha Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barnieh FM, Loadman PM, Falconer RA. Progress towards a clinically-successful ATR inhibitor for cancer therapy. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100017. [PMID: 34909652 PMCID: PMC8663972 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is now known to play an important role in both cancer development and its treatment. Targeting proteins such as ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related) kinase, a major regulator of DDR, has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, with ATR inhibitors having shown anti-tumour activity not just as monotherapies, but also in potentiating the effects of conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review focuses on the biology of ATR, its functional role in cancer development and treatment, and the rationale behind inhibition of this target as a therapeutic approach, including evaluation of the progress and current status of development of potent and specific ATR inhibitors that have emerged in recent decades. The current applications of these inhibitors both in preclinical and clinical studies either as single agents or in combinations with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are also extensively discussed. This review concludes with some insights into the various concerns raised or observed with ATR inhibition in both the preclinical and clinical settings, with some suggested solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis M. Barnieh
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Paul M. Loadman
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Robert A. Falconer
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hosseini SJ, Emamian S, Hassani H, Hamzehzadeh ND. Stereoselective Cyclopropanation of
Arylmethylidenemalononitriles by 2,6-Dimethylquinoline: A Molecular Electron Density
Theory Study. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
49
|
Swarnkar S, Ansari MY, Kumar A. Visible-Light-Induced Tertiary C(sp3)–H Sulfonylation: An Approach to Tertiary Sulfones. Org Lett 2021; 23:1163-1168. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Swarnkar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohd Yeshab Ansari
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Schlam‐Babayov S, Bensimon A, Harel M, Geiger T, Aebersold R, Ziv Y, Shiloh Y. Phosphoproteomics reveals novel modes of function and inter-relationships among PIKKs in response to genotoxic stress. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104400. [PMID: 33215756 PMCID: PMC7809795 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex signaling network that relies on cascades of protein phosphorylation, which are initiated by three protein kinases of the family of PI3-kinase-related protein kinases (PIKKs): ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK. ATM is missing or inactivated in the genome instability syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). The relative shares of these PIKKs in the response to genotoxic stress and the functional relationships among them are central questions in the genome stability field. We conducted a comprehensive phosphoproteomic analysis in human wild-type and A-T cells treated with the double-strand break-inducing chemical, neocarzinostatin, and validated the results with the targeted proteomic technique, selected reaction monitoring. We also matched our results with 34 published screens for DDR factors, creating a valuable resource for identifying strong candidates for novel DDR players. We uncovered fine-tuned dynamics between the PIKKs following genotoxic stress, such as DNA-PK-dependent attenuation of ATM. In A-T cells, partial compensation for ATM absence was provided by ATR and DNA-PK, with distinct roles and kinetics. The results highlight intricate relationships between these PIKKs in the DDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sapir Schlam‐Babayov
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory of Cancer GeneticsDepartment of Human Molecular Genetics and BiochemistryTel Aviv University School of MedicineTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ariel Bensimon
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Systems BiologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Present address:
CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Michal Harel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and BiochemistryTel Aviv University School of MedicineTel AvivIsrael
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and BiochemistryTel Aviv University School of MedicineTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Systems BiologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Yael Ziv
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory of Cancer GeneticsDepartment of Human Molecular Genetics and BiochemistryTel Aviv University School of MedicineTel AvivIsrael
| | - Yosef Shiloh
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory of Cancer GeneticsDepartment of Human Molecular Genetics and BiochemistryTel Aviv University School of MedicineTel AvivIsrael
| |
Collapse
|