1
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Murphy RB, Johnston MR. A temperature switchable pyridyl-zinc(II) side arm porphyrin with functionality for surface immobilisation. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A pyridyl side arm porphyrin incorporating C[Formula: see text] alkyl chains at the periphery of the porphyrin suitable for surface immobilisation on HOPG has been synthesised and tested for two state switching in solution. Temperature switching, involving reversible complexation of a covalently appended pyridyl side arm to the Zn(II) porphyrin, was comprehensively characterised by using variable temperature 1H NMR (-30 to +100[Formula: see text]C) and UV-vis (10 to 90[Formula: see text]C) in toluene. Molecular modelling assisted in understanding strain within the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys B. Murphy
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
- Current address: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Martin R. Johnston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
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2
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Hu X, Schulz A, Lindner JO, Grüne M, Bialas D, Würthner F. Folding and fluorescence enhancement with strong odd-even effect for a series of merocyanine dye oligomers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8342-8352. [PMID: 34221315 PMCID: PMC8221066 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01678d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of merocyanine (MC) oligomers with a varying number of chromophores from two to six has been synthesized via a peptide synthesis strategy. Solvent-dependent UV/vis spectroscopic studies reveal folding processes for the MC oligomers driven by strong dipole–dipole interactions resulting in well-defined π-stacks with antiparallel orientation of the dyes. Whilst even-numbered tetramer 4 and hexamer 6 only show partial folding into dimeric units, odd-numbered trimer 3 and pentamer 5 fold into π-stacks of three and five MC units upon decreasing solvent polarity. In-depth 2D NMR studies provided insight into the supramolecular structure. For trimer 3, an NMR structure could be generated revealing the presence of a well-defined triple π-stack in the folded state. Concomitant with folding, the fluorescence quantum yield is increased for all MC oligomers in comparison to the single chromophore. Based on radiative and non-radiative decay rates, this fluorescence enhancement can be attributed to the rigidification of the chromophores within the π-stacks that affords a pronounced decrease of the non-radiative decay rates. Theoretical investigations for the double and triple dye stacks based on time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations indicate for trimer 3 a pronounced mixing of Frenkel and charge transfer (CT) states. This leads to significant deviations from the predictions obtained by the molecular exciton theory which only accounts for the Coulomb interaction between the transition dipole moments of the chromophores. A series of merocyanine (MC) oligomers with a varying number of chromophores from two to six has been synthesized via a peptide synthesis strategy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Joachim O Lindner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Matthias Grüne
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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3
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Bols PS, Rickhaus M, Tejerina L, Gotfredsen H, Eriksen K, Jirasek M, Anderson HL. Allosteric Cooperativity and Template-Directed Synthesis with Stacked Ligands in Porphyrin Nanorings. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13219-13226. [PMID: 32633124 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The link between allosteric cooperativity and template-directed synthesis has been investigated by studying complexes in which two oligopyridine ligands bind inside a zinc porphyrin nanoring in a stacked arrangement. The binding of a 6-porphyrin nanoring to two tridentate ligands (with s-triazine or benzene cores) occurs with high negative allosteric cooperativity (α ≈ 10-3-10-4). Formation constants for 1:1 and 1:2 complexes were determined by UV-vis-NIR denaturation titration, using pyridine as a competing ligand, and cooperativity factors were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. The rate constants for formation of the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes are approximately equal, and the negative cooperativity can be attributed to faster dissociation of the 1:2 complex. These tridentate ligands are not effective templates for directing the synthesis of the 6-porphyrin nanoring, in keeping with their negative cooperativity of binding. In contrast, the binding of a 12-porphyrin nanoring to two hexadentate ligands occurs with high positive allosteric cooperativity (α > 40), and the ligand is an effective Vernier template for directing the synthesis of the 12-porphyrin nanoring. This stacked Vernier template approach creates the product in an open circular conformation, which is advantageous for preparing macrocycles that do not easily adopt a figure-of-eight geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille S Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Michel Rickhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Tejerina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Gotfredsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Eriksen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Jirasek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W. Hewson
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; 4001 Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Kathleen M. Mullen
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; 4001 Brisbane, Queensland Australia
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5
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Motloch P, Hunter C. Thermodynamic Effective Molarities for Supramolecular Complexes. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apoc.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Ballester P, Claudel M, Durot S, Kocher L, Schoepff L, Heitz V. A Porphyrin Coordination Cage Assembled from Four Silver(I) Triazolyl-Pyridine Complexes. Chemistry 2015; 21:15339-48. [PMID: 26338089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a zinc(II) porphyrin 1 with four appended triazolyl-pyridine chelates is reported. Complexation of the porphyrin peripheral ligands with Ag(I) ions in a 1:2 binding stoichiometry afforded quantitatively the coordination cage [Ag4 (1)2 ](4+) . The assembly and disassembly processes of the cage were investigated in solution using UV/Vis spectroscopy. The mathematical analysis of the data obtained in the UV/Vis titration of 1 with Ag(I) confirmed the assembly in CH2 Cl2 /MeOH (90:10) solution of a species having a 1:2 porphyrin/silver stoichiometry and assigned to it an overall stability constant of 5.0×10(26) M(-5) . The use of a model system allowed an independent assessment of a microscopic binding constant value (Km ) for the interaction between the triazolyl-pyridine ligand and Ag(I) . The coincidence that existed between the Km values extracted from the model system and the titration of 1 provided an indication of the quality and fit of the data analysis. It also allowed the calculation of the average effective molarity (EM) value for the three intramolecular processes that led to the cage assembly as 2.6 mM. Simulated speciation profiles supported the conclusion that at millimolar concentration and working under strict stoichiometric control of the silver/porphyrin ratio, the cage [Ag4 (1)2 ](4+) was the species exclusively assembled in solution. On the other hand, when the concentration of added Ag(I) was approximately 2.6 mM, 50 % of the coordination cage disassembled into open aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona (Spain).,Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona (Spain)
| | - Mickaël Claudel
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS/UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS/UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Lucas Kocher
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS/UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Laetitia Schoepff
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS/UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg CNRS/UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg (France)
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7
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Valderrey V, Aragay G, Ballester P. Porphyrin tweezer receptors: Binding studies, conformational properties and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Beyler M, Flamigni L, Heitz V, Sauvage JP, Ventura B. Coordination chemistry-assembled multicomponent systems built from a gable-like bis-porphyrin: synthesis and photophysical properties. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 90:275-86. [PMID: 24118018 DOI: 10.1111/php.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiporphyrinic assemblies were quantitatively formed, in one step, from a gable-like zinc(II) bis-porphyrin ZnP2 and free-base porphyrins bearing pyridyl groups. The different fragments are held together by axial 4'-N(pyridyl)-Zn interactions. Formation of a macrocycle ZnP2 •(4'-cisDPyP) and a bis-macrocycle (ZnP2 )2 •(TPyP) is discussed. The macrocycle and the bis-macrocycle were crystallized and studied by X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the excellent complementarity between the various components. Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric titrations and studies reveal high association constants for both multiporphyrinic assemblies due to the almost perfect geometrical match between the interacting units. As expected, energy transfer from the zinc porphyrin component to the free-base porphyrin quenches the fluorescence of the zinc porphyrin components in both compounds. But while in ZnP2 •(4'-cis DPyP) sensitization of the emission of the free-base porphyrin was observed, in (ZnP2)2 •(TPyP) excitation of the peripheral Zn porphyrin units does not lead to quantitative sensitization of the luminescence of the free-base porphyrin acceptor. An unusual HOMO-HOMO electron transfer reaction from ZnP2 to the excited TPyP unit was detected and studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Beyler
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 - CNRS/UDS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Sforazzini G, Orentas E, Bolag A, Sakai N, Matile S. Toward Oriented Surface Architectures with Three Coaxial Charge-Transporting Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12082-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ja405776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Altan Bolag
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Sforazzini G, Turdean R, Sakai N, Matile S. Double-channel photosystems with antiparallel redox gradients: templated stack exchange with porphyrins and phthalocyanines. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc00041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Hernández LP, González-Álvarez A, Oliva AI, Ballester P. Metal-mediated multiporphyrin functional assemblies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424609000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last ten years, our research group has been applying metal-mediated self-assembly processes to the construction of multiporphyrin functional assemblies. The construction of well-defined and discrete supramolecular structures resulting from self-assembly requires the use of multiple and separated connections operating in one or more closed loops. Consequently, the great majority of the multiporphyrin assemblies that we have prepared are of cyclic nature. We have placed special emphasis not only on the characterization in solution of the formed assemblies but also on the thermodynamic characterization of the assembly process and in the assessment of cooperativity. Finally, we also present examples in which functionality has been derived from the three-dimensional structures of multicomponent assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura P. Hernández
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Almudena González-Álvarez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana I. Oliva
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Planells M, González A, Ballester P, Palomares E. Influencing parameters for the achievement of porphyrin supramolecular architectures on mesoporous metal oxide nanoparticles. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424611003501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe the spectroscopic characterization of a supramolecular trisporphyrin complex that is heterogeneously self-assembled onto mesoporous Al2O3 films and can be used as efficient light harvesting complex. The parameters for an efficient complexation process, such as dye loading, are evaluated and discussed. In addition, the heterosupramolecular complex is tested on TiO 2 nanoparticles and the charge transfer process elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Planells
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Almudena González
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Advanced Research (ICREA), Avda. Lluís Companys 28, 08042 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Advanced Research (ICREA), Avda. Lluís Companys 28, 08042 Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Valderrey V, Escudero-Adán EC, Ballester P. Polyatomic Anion Assistance in the Assembly of [2]Pseudorotaxanes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10733-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja301900s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Valderrey
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo C. Escudero-Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys,
23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Wang BY, Žujović T, Turner DA, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Design, Preparation, and Study of Catalytic Gated Baskets. J Org Chem 2012; 77:2675-88. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202443j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry,
The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Teodora Žujović
- Department of Chemistry,
The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Daniel A. Turner
- Department of Chemistry,
The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry,
The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry,
The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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15
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Zhao W, Wang R, Petitjean A. Z-formamidoximes in molecular folding and macrocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7647-51. [PMID: 21947031 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06378b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The formamidoxime configurational Z isomer coupled with the pyridylbiscarboxamide conformational codon were used to fold planar, curved structures. When embedded into macrocycles, this folded motif promotes dimerization through π-π stacking and hydrogen-bonding and the formation of tubules akin to molecular channels in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada
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16
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Zhao W, Wang R, Mosey NJ, Petitjean A. Alkoxyamine-derived formamidines: configurational control and molecular folding. Org Lett 2011; 13:5160-3. [PMID: 21870787 DOI: 10.1021/ol202032k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N,N'-Disubstituted formamidines, and amidines in general, have very rich configurational, conformational, and tautomeric diversities. As part of an effort to incorporate alkoxyamine-derived formamidine units into foldamers, the first evidence for the isolation of the up-to-now unknown E isomer, the conditions for its exclusive formation, its stability and self-assembly properties, and its configurational isomerization to its much more common Z counterpart are reported. Considering the distinctly different H-bonding patterns displayed by both E and Z isomers, such configurational control may find applications in self-assembly, molecular recognition, and biomimetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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17
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Bogdan AR, Davies NL, James K. Comparison of diffusion coefficients for matched pairs of macrocyclic and linear molecules over a drug-like molecular weight range. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7727-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05996c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Schmittel M, Samanta SK. Orthogonal Actuation of a Supramolecular Double-Porphyrin Tweezer. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5911-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101169f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schmittel
- Center for Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Adolf-Reichwein Str., Universität Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Soumen K. Samanta
- Center for Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Adolf-Reichwein Str., Universität Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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19
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Carofiglio T, Lubian E, Menegazzo I, Saielli G, Varotto A. Melamine-Bridged Bis(porphyrin-ZnII) Receptors: Molecular Recognition Properties. J Org Chem 2009; 74:9034-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901749w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Carofiglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences and ITM-CNR, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Lubian
- Department of Chemical Sciences and ITM-CNR, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ileana Menegazzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences and ITM-CNR, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giacomo Saielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and ITM-CNR, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Varotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences and ITM-CNR, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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20
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Goldup SM, Leigh DA, Long T, McGonigal PR, Symes MD, Wu J. Active Metal Template Synthesis of [2]Catenanes. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:15924-9. [PMID: 19807083 DOI: 10.1021/ja9070317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Goldup
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Long
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. McGonigal
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D. Symes
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jhenyi Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
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21
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González-Álvarez A, Frontera A, Ballester P. Thermodynamic Characterization of the Self-Assembly Process of a Three Component Heterobimetallic Bisporphyrin Macrocycle. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:11479-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9053742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Almudena González-Álvarez
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010-Barcelona, and Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Frontera
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010-Barcelona, and Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007-Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010-Barcelona, and Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007-Tarragona, Spain
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22
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Pognon G, Wytko J, Harvey P, Weiss J. Evidence for Dual Pathway in Through-Space Singlet Energy Transfers in Flexible Cofacial Bisporphyrin Dyads. Chemistry 2008; 15:524-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Pastor A, Martínez-Viviente E. NMR spectroscopy in coordination supramolecular chemistry: A unique and powerful methodology. Coord Chem Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mullen KM, Gunter MJ. Toward Multistation Rotaxanes Using Metalloporphyrin Coordination Templating. J Org Chem 2008; 73:3336-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800276w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Mullen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Maxwell J. Gunter
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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Kelley RF, Lee SJ, Wilson TM, Nakamura Y, Tiede DM, Osuka A, Hupp JT, Wasielewski MR. Intramolecular energy transfer within butadiyne-linked chlorophyll and porphyrin dimer-faced, self-assembled prisms. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:4277-84. [PMID: 18327918 DOI: 10.1021/ja075494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical properties of butadiyne-linked chlorophyll and porphyrin dimers in toluene solution and in several self-assembled prismatic structures are described. The butadiyne linkage between the 20-positions of the macrocycles results in new electronic transitions polarized along the long axes of the dimers. These transitions greatly increase the ability of these dimers to absorb the solar spectrum over a broad wavelength range. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals the relative rate of rotation of the macrocycles around the butadiyne bond joining them. Following addition of 3-fold symmetric, metal-coordinating ligands, both macrocyclic dimers self-assemble into prismatic structures in which the dimers comprise the faces of the prisms. These structures were confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering experiments in solution using a synchrotron source. Photoexcitation of the prismatic assemblies reveals that efficient, through-space energy transfer occurs between the macrocyclic dimers within the prisms. The distance dependence of energy transfer between the faces of the prisms was observed by varying the size of the prismatic assemblies through the use of 3-fold symmetric ligands having arms with different lengths. These results show that self-assembly of discrete macrocyclic prisms provides a useful new strategy for controlling singlet exciton flow in antenna systems for artificial photosynthesis and solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F Kelley
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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Etxebarria J, Vidal-Ferran A, Ballester P. The effect of complex stoichiometry in supramolecular chirality transfer to zinc bisporphyrin systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5939-41. [DOI: 10.1039/b812819g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bernad, Jr PL, Guerin AJ, Haycock RA, Heath SL, Hunter CA, Raposo C, Rotger C, Sarson LD, Sutton LR. Structurally-tolerant self-assembly of zinc pyridyl porphyrins. NEW J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b704571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Giribabu L, Kumar CV, Reddy PY. Axial-Bonding Heterotrimers Based on Tetrapyrrolic Rings: Synthesis, Characterization, and Redox and Photophysical Properties. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:1574-80. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kelley RF, Shin WS, Rybtchinski B, Sinks LE, Wasielewski MR. Photoinitiated Charge Transport in Supramolecular Assemblies of a 1,7,N,N‘-Tetrakis(zinc porphyrin)-perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide). J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:3173-81. [PMID: 17319659 DOI: 10.1021/ja0664741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a multichromophore array, (Z3PN)4PDI, consisting of four zinc 5-phenyl-10,15,20-tri(n-pentyl)porphyrins (Z3PN) attached to the 1,7,N,N'-positions of perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI). The dynamics of energy and charge transport within this system were compared to those of two model compounds, N,N'-(Z3PN)2PDI and 1,7-(Z3PN)2PDI. The symmetry of the lowest unoccupied and highest occupied molecular orbitals of PDI results in significantly different electronic couplings between Z3PN and PDI when they are connected at the 1,7-positions vs the N,N'-positions of PDI. This results in two distinct pathways for electron transfer in (Z3PN)4PDI. Using a combination of metal-ligand binding with the bidentate ligand 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2.]octane (DABCO) and pi-pi stacking, (Z3PN4)PDI forms a supramolecular assembly, [[(Z3PN)4PDI]2-DABCO4]2, in toluene solution. The structure of this hierarchical assembly is characterized with the use of solution-phase X-ray scattering techniques and demonstrates both efficient light harvesting and facile charge separation and transport using multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F Kelley
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kobuke
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916‐5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630‐0192, Japan, Fax: +81‐743‐72‐6119
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Kishore RSK, Kalsani V, Schmittel M. Self-assembly of a bis-porphyrinic supramolecular rectangle using two orthogonal binding strategies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:3690-2. [PMID: 17047813 DOI: 10.1039/b608315c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bis-porphyrinic rectangle is created via a double self-assembly algorithm using two orthogonal coordination themes, i.e. first a 90 degrees building block composed of a dynamic heteroleptic Cu(I) or Ag(I) bisphenanthroline followed by a coordinative dimerization using the pyridine-zinc porphyrin motif; the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties as well as the dynamic nature of the supramolecule were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravuri S K Kishore
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str., D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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