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Sharma P, Ranga Prabhath MR, Wong D, Ampem-Lassen MA, Bhat SV, Williams L, Carvalho TG. Synthesis of Biologically Active Heterospirocycles through Iterative 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Pathways. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1223-1230. [PMID: 33316159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the novel spiroannulation of exo-imines with 1,3-dipoles, for the first time, leading to 3D spirocycles with a secondary amine (NH) in the spiro-ring. The synthetic method described herein allows access to these previously unexplored heterospirocyclic cores that have application in the discovery of functional molecules for medicinal and materials science. This was demonstrated by discovering an unprecedented class of heterospirocycles with antimalarial activity against the human protozoan P. falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sharma
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Joseph Bank Laboratory, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - M R Ranga Prabhath
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Bank Laboratory, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Wong
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Maame Adjoa Ampem-Lassen
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Shreesha V Bhat
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Bank Laboratory, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Williams
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Bank Laboratory, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa G Carvalho
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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2
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Jeon H, Chung Y, Kim S. Proline Ester Enolate Claisen Rearrangement and Formal Total Synthesis of (-)-Cephalotaxine. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8080-8089. [PMID: 31190529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A concise formal total synthesis of (-)-cephalotaxine was achieved via an ester enolate Claisen rearrangement (EECR). A series of EECRs of proline allyl esters were examined to obtain the desired relative stereochemistry of an azaspiranic tetracyclic backbone. An unexpected reversal or low diastereoselectivity of ( Z)-cinnamyl ester was observed. The diastereoselectivity was controlled by substitution patterns of a styrene region. This result represents a useful guide in aiding the prediction of stereochemical outcome of EECR of α-amino allylic esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Jeon
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yundong Chung
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro , Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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3
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Sveiczer A, North AJP, Mateu N, Kidd SL, Sore HF, Spring DR. Spirocycles as Rigidified sp3-Rich Scaffolds for a Fragment Collection. Org Lett 2019; 21:4600-4604. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Sveiczer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. North
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Natalia Mateu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Sarah L. Kidd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Hannah F. Sore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - David R. Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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4
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Pandey G, Khamrai J, Mishra A, Maity P, Chikkade PK. Iminium ion-enamine cascade reaction enables the asymmetric total syntheses of aspidosperma alkaloids vincadifformine and ervinceine. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Pandey G, Mishra A, Khamrai J. Generation of all carbon quaternary stereocenters at the C-3 carbon of piperidinones and pyrrolidinones and its application in natural product total synthesis. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Spiccia ND, Burnley J, Subasinghe K, Perry C, Lefort L, Jackson WR, Robinson AJ. A Formal Synthesis of (-)-Perhydrohistrionicotoxin Using a Cross Metathesis-Hydrogenation Approach. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8725-8732. [PMID: 28731342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of an efficient, high yielding six-step convergent synthesis of the semisynthetic alkaloid (-)-perhydrohistrionicotoxin is described. The key transformations include the cross metathesis of a Brønsted-acid masked primary homoallylic amine with a vinyl cyclohexenone and a regioselective palladium catalyzed hydrogenation. This sequence generated the advanced Winterfeldt spirocyclic precursor in 47% overall yield, with a longest linear sequence of five steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas D Spiccia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
| | - James Burnley
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
| | - Kamani Subasinghe
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
| | - Christopher Perry
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
| | - Laurent Lefort
- DS DSM Ahead R&D B.V. - Innovative Synthesis , P.O. Box 18, 6160MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - W Roy Jackson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
| | - Andrea J Robinson
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Clayton 3800, Victoria Australia
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7
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Annadi K, Wee AGH. An Alkylidene Carbene C–H Activation Approach toward the Enantioselective Syntheses of Spirolactams: Application to the Synthesis of (−)-Adalinine. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1021-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Annadi
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Andrew G. H. Wee
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
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8
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Hager A, Vrielink N, Hager D, Lefranc J, Trauner D. Synthetic approaches towards alkaloids bearing α-tertiary amines. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 33:491-522. [PMID: 26621771 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00096c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids account for some of the most beautiful and biologically active natural products. Although they are usually classified along biosynthetic criteria, they can also be categorized according to certain structural motifs. Amongst these, the α-tertiary amine (ATA), i.e. a tetrasubstituted carbon atom surrounded by three carbons and one nitrogen, is particularly interesting. A limited number of methods have been described to access this functional group and fewer still are commonly used in synthesis. Herein, we review some approaches to asymmetrically access ATAs and provide an overview of alkaloid total syntheses where those have been employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Hager
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstr. 5 - 13, 81377 München, Germany.
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9
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Pandey G, C PK. Iminium Ion Cascade Reaction in the Total Synthesis of (+)-Vincadifformine. Org Lett 2011; 13:4672-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201892j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Pandey
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Prasanna Kumara C
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
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Kotha S, Krishna NG, Halder S, Misra S. A synergistic approach to polycyclics via a strategic utilization of Claisen rearrangement and olefin metathesis. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5597-624. [PMID: 21727970 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Olefin metathesis promoted by a well-defined metal carbene complex has evolved into an efficient method for the construction of a broad range of carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings of varying size. The synthetic potential of the olefin metathesis has been further increased by combining various other C-C bond forming processes either in tandem or in sequence. Herein, application of Claisen rearrangement and olefin metathesis to prepare various intricate and/or biologically important targets has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India.
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11
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Buchanan GS, Feltenberger JB, Hsung RP. Aza-[3 + 3] Annulations: A New Unified Strategy in Alkaloid Synthesis. Curr Org Synth 2010; 7:363-401. [PMID: 20936076 PMCID: PMC2949981 DOI: 10.2174/157017910791414490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grant S Buchanan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
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12
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Wilson MS, Padwa A. A Stereoselective Approach to the Azaspiro[5.5]undecane Ring System Using a Conjugate Addition/Dipolar Cycloaddition Cascade: Application to the Total Synthesis of (±)-2,7,8-epi-Perhydrohistrionicotoxin. J Org Chem 2008; 73:9601-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801295e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert Padwa
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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14
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2005. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
A formal synthesis of psymberin (irciniastatin A) is presented. Notable features of the synthesis include the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective oxidation of a 1,3-disubstituted allene, a configuration-dependent spirodiepoxide opening, the efficient syntheses of functionalized trans-2,6-disubstituted pyrans, and the union of a highly functionalized aldehyde with a pentasubstituted aryl homoenolate to give a dihydroisocumarin. [structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shangguan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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16
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Virolleaud MA, Piva O. Selective formation of dihydropyran derivatives by a tandem domino ring-closing metathesis/cross-metathesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Sinclair A, Stockman RA. Thirty-five years of synthetic studies directed towards the histrionicotoxin family of alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2007; 24:298-326. [PMID: 17389999 DOI: 10.1039/b604203c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article brings together for the first time reviews of all the synthetic attempts towards the spirocyclic histrionicotoxin alkaloids published since the discovery of the group in 1971. This covers 5 total syntheses of the fully unsaturated parent alkaloid HTX-283A, 7 total syntheses of perhydrohistrionicotoxin, 15 total syntheses of other members of this alkaloid family, 25 formal syntheses, and 19 partial syntheses involving the successful formation of the core azaspirocyclic structure but lacking advancement towards the target structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Sinclair
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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18
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Spino C, Boisvert L, Douville J, Roy S, Lauzon S, Minville J, Gagnon D, Beaumier F, Chabot C. Cleavage of a chiral auxiliary using RCM on an especially sterically crowded alkene: Syntheses of chiral carbo- and heterocycles. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Bergeot O, Corsi C, El Qacemi M, Zard SZ. S-(3-Chloro-2-oxo-propyl)-O-ethyl xanthate: a linchpin radical coupling agent for the synthesis of heterocyclic and polycyclic compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:278-90. [PMID: 16391770 DOI: 10.1039/b514509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and use of S-(3-chloro-2-oxo-propyl)-O-ethyl xanthate to directly introduce an alpha-chloroketone motif is described, along with applications for the synthesis of heterocyclic and polycyclic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bergeot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique associé au CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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Provoost OY, Hedley SJ, Hazelwood AJ, Harrity JP. Formal synthesis of (±)-perhydrohistrionicotoxin via a stepwise [3+3] annelation strategy. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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