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Majeed A, Zafar A, Mushtaq Z, Iqbal MA. Advances in gold catalyzed synthesis of quinoid heteroaryls. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21047-21064. [PMID: 38962094 PMCID: PMC11220603 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03368j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores recent advancements in synthesizing quinoid heteroaryls, namely quinazoline and quinoline, vital in chemistry due to their prevalence in natural products and pharmaceuticals. It emphasizes the rapid, highly efficient, and economically viable synthesis achieved through gold-catalyzed cascade protocols. By investigating methodologies and reaction pathways, the review underscores exceptional yields attainable in the synthesis of quinoid heteroaryls. It offers valuable insights into accessing these complex structures through efficient synthetic routes. Various strategies, including cyclization, heteroarylation, cycloisomerization, cyclo-condensation, intermolecular and intramolecular cascade reactions, are covered, highlighting the versatility of gold-catalyzed approaches. The comprehensive compilation of different synthetic approaches and elucidation of reaction mechanisms contribute to a deeper understanding of the field. This review paves the way for future advancements in synthesizing quinoid heteroaryls and their applications in drug discovery and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Zanira Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
- Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
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2
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Duan D, Cai F, Wu Y, Gong Q, Huang A, Yi D, Li Y, Lai Y, Peng XJ. Base-catalyzed monofunctionalization of N-alkyl activated azaarenes to construct 2-Iminoderivatives. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Miao S, Liang Y, Rundell S, Bhunia D, Devari S, Munyaradzi O, Bong D. Unnatural bases for recognition of noncoding nucleic acid interfaces. Biopolymers 2021; 112:e23399. [PMID: 32969496 PMCID: PMC7855516 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The notion of using synthetic heterocycles instead of the native bases to interface with DNA and RNA has been explored for nearly 60 years. Unnatural bases compatible with the DNA/RNA coding interface have the potential to expand the genetic code and co-opt the machinery of biology to access new macromolecular function; accordingly, this body of research is core to synthetic biology. While much of the literature on artificial bases focuses on code expansion, there is a significant and growing effort on docking synthetic heterocycles to noncoding nucleic acid interfaces; this approach seeks to illuminate major processes of nucleic acids, including regulation of transcription, translation, transport, and transcript lifetimes. These major avenues of research at the coding and noncoding interfaces have in common fundamental principles in molecular recognition. Herein, we provide an overview of foundational literature in biophysics of base recognition and unnatural bases in coding to provide context for the developing area of targeting noncoding nucleic acid interfaces with synthetic bases, with a focus on systems developed through iterative design and biophysical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Miao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yufeng Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah Rundell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Debmalya Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Shekar Devari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Oliver Munyaradzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dennis Bong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Chen X, Peng M, Huang H, Zheng Y, Tao X, He C, Xiao Y. TsOH·H2O-mediated N-amidation of quinoline N-oxides: facile and regioselective synthesis of N-(quinolin-2-yl)amides. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6202-6205. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00862k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple method with 100% atom economy was developed for the synthesis of various N-(quinolin-2-yl)amides via the TsOH·H2O-mediated N-amidation of quinoline N-oxides using inexpensive and commercially available nitriles as the amidation reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Mei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Yichun University
- Yichun
- China
| | - Yangfan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Chunlian He
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha
- China
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5
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Selva E, Castelló LM, Mancebo-Aracil J, Selva V, Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM. Synthesis of pharmacophores containing a prolinate core using a multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Zhang F, Liang Y, Li J, Gao F, Liu H, Zhao Y. A Concise Synthesis of Novel Aryl Pyrimidine C
-Nucleoside Analogs from Sugar Alkynes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Zhang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yan Liang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Jing Li
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Fei Gao
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Hong Liu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
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7
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Han YP, Li XS, Zhu XY, Li M, Zhou L, Song XR, Liang YM. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Tertiary Propargylic Alcohols with Quinoline N-Oxides. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1697-1704. [PMID: 28058841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented Lewis acid catalyzed, high-efficiency synthesis of valuable 2-(quinolin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones via dehydrogenative coupling of propargylic alkynols with quinoline N-oxides is described. This protocol, which tolerates a broad range of functional groups, provides a straightforward pathway to the products 2-(quinolin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one scaffolds in satisfactory yields. The conversion could be scaled up to gram scale efficiently, which underlines a latent application of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xue-Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xian-Rong Song
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, China
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Kumar GR, Kumar YK, Kant R, Reddy MS. Tandem Cu-catalyzed ketenimine formation and intramolecular nucleophile capture: Synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-2-iminoquinolines from 1-(o-acetamidophenyl)propargyl alcohols. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1255-1260. [PMID: 24991276 PMCID: PMC4077525 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed ketenimine formation reaction of 1-(o-acetamidophenyl)propargyl alcohols with various sulfonyl azides is found to undergo a concomitant intramolecular nucleophile attack to generate 1,2-dihydro-2-iminoquinolines after aromatization (via elimination of acetyl and hydroxy groups) and tautomerization. The reaction produces 4-substituted and 3,4-unsubstituted title compounds in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Ranjith Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Yalla Kiran Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular & Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute,BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Maddi Sridhar Reddy
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110001, India
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Wey MT, Lyu PC, Kan LS. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies of a Stable Imperfect DNA Triplex by Spectroscopic and Calorimetric Methods. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Yamada K, Hattori Y, Inde T, Kanamori T, Ohkubo A, Seio K, Sekine M. Remarkable stabilization of antiparallel DNA triplexes by strong stacking effects of consecutively modified nucleobases containing thiocarbonyl groups. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:776-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Kolganova NA, Shchyolkina AK, Chudinov AV, Zasedatelev AS, Florentiev VL, Timofeev EN. Targeting duplex DNA with chimeric α,β-triplex-forming oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:8175-85. [PMID: 22641847 PMCID: PMC3439883 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triplex-directed DNA recognition is strictly limited by polypurine sequences. In an attempt to address this problem with synthetic biology tools, we designed a panel of short chimeric α,β-triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) and studied their interaction with fluorescently labelled duplex hairpins using various techniques. The hybridization of hairpin with an array of chimeric probes suggests that recognition of double-stranded DNA follows complicated rules combining reversed Hoogsteen and non-canonical homologous hydrogen bonding. In the presence of magnesium ions, chimeric TFOs are able to form highly stable α,β-triplexes, as indicated by native gel-electrophoresis, on-array thermal denaturation and fluorescence-quenching experiments. CD spectra of chimeric triplexes exhibited features typically observed for anti-parallel purine triplexes with a GA or GT third strand. The high potential of chimeric α,β-TFOs in targeting double-stranded DNA was demonstrated in the EcoRI endonuclease protection assay. In this paper, we report, for the first time, the recognition of base pair inversions in a duplex by chimeric TFOs containing α-thymidine and α-deoxyguanosine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - E. N. Timofeev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Hari Y, Obika S, Imanishi T. Towards the Sequence-Selective Recognition of Double-Stranded DNA Containing Pyrimidine-Purine Interruptions by Triplex-Forming Oligonucleotides. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Kanamori T, Masaki Y, Mizuta M, Tsunoda H, Ohkubo A, Sekine M, Seio K. DNA duplexes and triplex-forming oligodeoxynucleotides incorporating modified nucleosides forming stable and selective triplexes. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 10:1007-13. [PMID: 22146807 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06411h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported DNA triplexes containing the unnatural base triad G-PPI·C3, in which PPI is an indole-fused cytosine derivative incorporated into DNA duplexes and C3 is an abasic site in triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) introduced by a propylene linker. In this study, we developed a new unnatural base triad A-ψ·C(R1) where ψ and C(R1) are base moieties 2'-deoxypseudouridine and 5-substituted deoxycytidine, respectively. We examined several electron-withdrawing substituents for R1 and found that 5-bromocytosine (C(Br)) could selectively recognize ψ. In addition, we developed a new PPI derivative, PPI(Me), having a methyl group on the indole ring in order to achieve selective triplex formation between DNA duplexes incorporating various Watson-Crick base pairs, such as T-A, C-G, A-ψ, and G-PPI(Me), and TFOs containing T, C, C(Br), and C3. We studied the selective triplex formation between these duplexes and TFOs using UV-melting and gel mobility shift assays.
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Ohkubo A, Nishino Y, Yokouchi A, Ito Y, Noma Y, Kakishima Y, Masaki Y, Tsunoda H, Seio K, Sekine M. Stable triplex formation using the strong stacking effect of consecutive thionucleoside moieties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:12556-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14339e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hocek
- Department of Chemistry, WestChem, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom, and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead & IOCB Research Center, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Yan C, Su N, Wu S. The structure and spectra of H-bonded complexes formed by 2-pyridone. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024407120138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
The synthesis of modified nucleic acids has been the subject of much study ever since the structure of DNA was elucidated by Watson and Crick at Cambridge and Wilkins and Franklin at King's College over half a century ago. This review describes recent developments in the synthesis and application of these artificial nucleic acids, predominantly the phosphoramidites which allow for easy inclusion into oligonucleotides, and is divided into three separate sections. Firstly, modifications to the base portion will be discussed followed secondly by modifications to the sugar portion. Finally, changes in the type of nucleic acid linker will be discussed in the third section. Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are not discussed in this review as they represent a separate and large area of nucleic acid mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J A Cobb
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AD, UK.
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Wellington KW, Benner SA. A review: synthesis of aryl C-glycosides via the heck coupling reaction. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2007; 25:1309-33. [PMID: 17067955 DOI: 10.1080/15257770600917013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we focus on the synthesis of aryl C-glycosides via Heck coupling. It is organized based on the type of structures used in the assembly of the C-glycosides (also called C-nucleosides) with the following subsections: pyrimidine C-nucleosides, purine C-nucleosides, and monocyclic, bicyclic, and tetracyclic C-nucleosides. The reagents and conditions used for conducting the Heck coupling reactions are discussed. The subsequent conversion of the Heck products to the corresponding target molecules and the application of the target molecules are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Wellington
- Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Gainesville, Florida 32604, USA
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Couturier M, Caron L, Tumidajski S, Jones K, White TD. Mild and Direct Conversion of Quinoline N-Oxides to 2-Amidoquinolines with Primary Amides. Org Lett 2006; 8:1929-32. [PMID: 16623587 DOI: 10.1021/ol060473w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A simple, one-pot procedure is described for the direct conversion of quinoline N-oxides to alpha-amidoquinolines with primary amides. This methodology is complimentary to the Abramovich reaction, which is limited to the introduction of secondary amides via imidoyl chlorides. Although reaction conditions are quite similar, omission of the base is key for successful reaction with primary amides, which were found not to proceed through the intermediacy of an imidoyl chloride but rather through an acyl isocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Couturier
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, P.O. Box 8013, Groton, Connecticut 06340-8013, USA.
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