1
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Wani IA, Sk S, Mal A, Sengupta A, Ghorai MK. Stereoselective Routes to Hexahydropyrroloindoles and Tetrahydropyrroloquinolines from Activated Aziridines and Electron Deficient 3 H-Indoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:7867-7872. [PMID: 36094406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented and novel synthetic route to hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles bearing cis-contiguous stereocenters with excellent stereoselectivities (ee of >99%, dr of ≤99:1) has been disclosed that proceeds through the ring opening of activated aziridines with electron deficient 4-substituted indoles followed by a novel cyclization in a domino fashion, thereby obviating the use of 3-substituted indoles as the prerequisite nucleophile. Another efficient synthetic route to tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolines in excellent yields (≤93%) and excellent enantioselectivity (ee of >99%) has been established via ring opening of activated aziridines with 4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-indole at relatively higher temperatures followed by Cu(I)-catalyzed intramolecular C-N cyclization in the same pot. The stability and the formation of products at different temperatures are explained by computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiyaz Ahmad Wani
- Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sahid Sk
- Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Abhijit Mal
- Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Arunava Sengupta
- Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Manas K Ghorai
- Indian Institution of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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2
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Abstract
Multiheteroatom-containing small-sized cyclic molecules such as 2-
iminothiazolidines are often found to possess beneficial pharmacological properties. In this
review article, the biological significance of 2-iminothiazolidines is discussed and the literature
reports published in the last 15 years spanning from 2006 to 2020 describing various
preparative routes to access 2-iminothiazolidine derivatives have been categorically and
chronologically described. The notable synthetic methods discussed here involve ringexpansion
transformations of nonactivated and activated aziridines, thiiranes, epoxides, and
other miscellaneous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, 208016, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Wang D, Liu Y, Zhu W, Shen H, Liu H, Fu L. Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Morpholine Derivatives via an Indium(III)-catalyzed Reductive Etherification Reaction. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Hong Shen
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Shanghai, 720 Cailun Road, Building 5, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Lei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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4
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Bera T, Singh B, Hamlin TA, Sahoo SC, Saha J. One-Step Assembly of Functionalized Morpholinones and 1,4-Oxazepane-3-ones via [3 + 3]- and [3 + 4]-Annulation of Aza-Oxyallyl Cation and Amphoteric Compounds. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15255-15266. [PMID: 31702149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new [3 + 3]- and [3 + 4]-annulation strategy involving azaoxyallyl cation and [1,m]-amphoteric compounds (m = 3,4) is presented. This concise method enables easy assembly of functionalized saturated N-heterocycles, comprised of six-and seven-membered rings and is of high significance in the context of drug discovery approaches. This reaction also represents a new trapping modality of the azaoxyallyl cation with amphoteric agents of different chain lengths that consist of a heteroatom nucleophilic site and a π-electrophilic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tishyasoumya Bera
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery , Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR) , SGPGIMS Campus. Raebareli Road , Lucknow 226014 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Bandana Singh
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery , Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR) , SGPGIMS Campus. Raebareli Road , Lucknow 226014 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1083 , Amsterdam 1081 HV , The Netherlands
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry , Panjab University , Sector 14 , Chandigarh 160014 , India
| | - Jaideep Saha
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery , Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR) , SGPGIMS Campus. Raebareli Road , Lucknow 226014 , Uttar Pradesh , India
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5
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Gataulina AR, Khasanova EM, Ulakhovich NA, Kutyrev GA, Kutyreva MP. Synthesis and Properties of Water-Soluble Branched Polyester Poly{3-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]amino}propionate and Its Copper(II) Complex. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218090189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Youk E, Park W, Park YS. Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Diastereomers of α,α′-disubstituted Iminodiacetic Acid Derivatives Using Stereoselective Nucleophilic Substitution of α-Bromo Esters. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjee Youk
- Department of Chemistry; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Wongi Park
- Department of Chemistry; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Yong Sun Park
- Department of Chemistry; Konkuk University; Seoul 05029 South Korea
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7
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Gataulina AR, Khasanova EM, Basalaev AS, Ulakhovich NA, Kutyrev GA, Yurtaeva SV, Kutyreva MP. Hyperbranched polyester poly[3-(morpholin-4-yl)propionates] and their copper(II) complexes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363217090158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Dolfen J, Van Hecke K, D'hooghe M. LiAlH4
-Induced Thia-Aza-Payne Rearrangement of Functionalized 2-(Thiocyanatomethyl)aziridines into 2-(Aminomethyl)thiiranes as an Entry to 5-(Chloromethyl)thiazolidin-2-ones. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Dolfen
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct; Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281-S3 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group; Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Ghent University; Coupure Links 653 9000 Ghent Belgium
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9
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Borah M, Borthakur U, Saikia AK. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Morpholines from N-Tethered Alkenols: Total Synthesis of (±)-Chelonin A. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1330-1339. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhurjya Borah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Upasana Borthakur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Anil K. Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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10
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Ghosh P, Deka MJ, Saikia AK. Lewis acid mediated intramolecular C–O bond formation of alkanol-epoxide leading to substituted morpholine and 1,4-oxazepane derivatives: total synthesis of (±)–Viloxazine. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Zhang F, Li C, Qi C. Synthesis of 4,8-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,4]thiazepin-7(6H)-one derivatives by solid acid-catalyzed multi-component reaction in water. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24310j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A solid acid is found to efficiently catalyze the condensation of substituent-pyrazoles, aldehydes, and thioglycollic acid to afford a wide range of pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,4]thiazepine derivatives with good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- China
| | - Chenze Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process
- Shaoxing University
- Shaoxing
- China
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12
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Kishore Vandavasi J, Hu WP, Chandru Senadi G, Chen HT, Chen HY, Hsieh KC, Wang JJ. Aryl λ3-Iodane-Mediated 6-exo-trigCyclization to Synthesize Highly Substituted Chiral Morpholines. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Ghorai MK, Shahi CK, Bhattacharyya A, Sayyad M, Mal A, Wani IA, Chauhan N. Syntheses of Tetrahydrobenzodiazepines via SN2-Type Ring-Opening of Activated Aziridines with 2-Bromobenzylamine Followed by Copper-Powder-Mediated C−N Bond Formation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manas K. Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Chandan Kumar Shahi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Aditya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Masthanvali Sayyad
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Abhijit Mal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Imtiyaz Ahmad Wani
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Navya Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh India
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14
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Deka MJ, Indukuri K, Sultana S, Borah M, Saikia AK. Synthesis of Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered 1,3- and 1,4-Heterocyclic Compounds via Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation/Hydrothioalkoxylation of Alkenols/Thioalkenols. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4349-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manash J. Deka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Kiran Indukuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Sabera Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Madhurjya Borah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Anil K. Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
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15
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Zhou J, Yeung YY. Diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized pyrrolidines through N-bromosuccinimide-induced aziridine ring expansion cascade of cinnamylaziridine. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7482-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01384k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Zhou J, Yeung YY. N-Bromosuccinimide-Induced Aminocyclization–Aziridine Ring-Expansion Cascade: An Asymmetric and Highly Stereoselective Approach toward the Synthesis of Azepane. Org Lett 2014; 16:2134-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5005609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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17
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Kacan M, Turkyilmaz M, Karabulut F, Altun O, Baran Y. Complexation, thermal and catalytic studies of N-substituted piperazine, morpholine and thiomorpholine with some metal ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 118:572-577. [PMID: 24091345 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Several Cu(II), Pt(II) and Ni(II) complexes of N-substituted, piperazine (NN donor), morpholine (NO donor) and thiomorpholine (NS donor) derivatives were synthesized and their thermal behavior and catalytic activity in epoxidation reaction of cis-diphenylethylene were studied using oxygen sources NaOCl. The coordination compounds of Cu(II), Pt(II) and Ni(II) having general formula [MLCl]Cl, [ML2l]Cl2 or [ML]Cl2 with tetra coordinated geometry around metal ions have been isolated as solid. All the ligands and complexes were identified by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, electrical conductance and thermal analysis. A square planer structures have been proposed for all complexes. The thermal stability of the complexes discussed in terms of ligands donor atoms, geometry and central metal ions. The complexes have a similar thermal behavior for the selected metal ions. The thermogravimetric analyses suggest high thermal stability for most complexes followed by thermal decomposition in different steps. The decomposition processes were observed as water elimination, chloride anion removal and degradation of the organic ligands. Catalytic ability of the complexes were examined and found that all the complexes can effectively catalyze the epoxidation of cis-stilbene with NaOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Kacan
- Trakya University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Edirne, Turkey
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18
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Pal’chikov VA. Morpholines. Synthesis and biological activity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428013060018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Zhong C, Wang Y, O’Herin C, Young DW. Synthesis of Substituted Morpholines Using Stereodivergent Aza-Michael Reactions Catalyzed by Brønsted Acids. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400031p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhong
- Chemical
Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Yikai Wang
- Chemical
Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Conor O’Herin
- Chemical
Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Damian W. Young
- Chemical
Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
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20
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Sawant RT, Stevenson J, Odell LR, Arvidsson PI. Organocatalytic asymmetric cross-aldol reaction of 2-chloroethoxy acetaldehyde: diversity-oriented synthesis of chiral substituted 1,4-dioxanes and morpholines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Penso M, Foschi F, Pellegrino S, Testa A, Gelmi ML. Diastereoselective Protocols for the Synthesis of 2,3-trans- and 2,3-cis-6-Methoxy-morpholine-2-carboxylic Acid Derivatives. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3454-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300221y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Penso
- CNR−Institute of Molecular Science and Technology (ISTM), Milano,
Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- CNR−Institute of Molecular Science and Technology (ISTM), Milano,
Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Testa
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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22
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Stanković S, Goossens H, Catak S, Tezcan M, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V, D’hooghe M, De Kimpe N. Solvent-Controlled Selective Transformation of 2-Bromomethyl-2-methylaziridines to Functionalized Aziridines and Azetidines. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3181-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202637a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stanković
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Hannelore Goossens
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Meniz Tezcan
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular
Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark
903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde,
Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Sustainable Organic
Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium
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23
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Bera S, Panda G. I2-mediated diversity oriented diastereoselective synthesis of amino acid derived trans-2,5-disubstituted morpholines, piperazines, and thiomorpholines. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2012; 14:1-4. [PMID: 22126227 DOI: 10.1021/co200129t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diastereoselective trans-2,5-disubstituted amino acids derived diverse morpholines, piperazines and thiomorpholines were prepared in 30 min-1 h with high yields through iodine-mediated 6-exotrig type cyclization from a single common synthetic intermediate. The displacement of iodine with hydride ion gave a methyl substituent at the 2-position of morpholines which provides an additional opportunity for diversity oriented nucleophilic substitution on the rings as well as incorporation of substituents at the 5-position from amino acids constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Bera
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, UP,
India
| | - Gautam Panda
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, UP,
India
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24
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Yar M, Fritz SP, Gates PJ, McGarrigle EM, Aggarwal VK. Synthesis of N-Vinyloxazolidinones and Morpholines from Amino Alcohols and Vinylsulfonium Salts: Analysis of the Outcome's Dependence on the N-Protecting Group by Nanospray Mass Spectrometry. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Jagtap RS, Joshi NN. An improved synthesis and resolution of cis- and trans-2,3-diphenyl morpholines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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26
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27
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Reddy YS, John Pal AP, Gupta P, Ansari AA, Vankar YD. Ceric Ammonium Nitrate-Catalyzed Azidation of 1,2-Anhydro Sugars: Application in the Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Sugar-Derived Morpholine 1,2,3-Triazoles and 1,4-Oxazin-2-ones. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5972-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200260w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Suman Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur −208 016, India
| | - A. P. John Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur −208 016, India
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur −208 016, India
| | - Alafia A. Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur −208 016, India
| | - Yashwant D. Vankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur −208 016, India
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28
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Liang Q, De Brabander JK. Heterocycles via intramolecular platinum-catalyzed propargylic substitution. Tetrahedron 2011; 67:5046-5053. [PMID: 21731116 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report a Pt(II)-catalyzed cyclization of nucleophile-tethered propargylic acetates yielding substituted heterocycles containing multiple heteroatoms including morpholines, dioxanes and sulfamates with high cis-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiren Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9038
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29
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Fritz SP, Mumtaz A, Yar M, McGarrigle EM, Aggarwal VK. Sulfinamides as Highly Effective Amine Protecting Groups and Their Use in the Conversion of Amino Alcohols into Morpholines. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Wardrop DJ, Bowen EG. Nitrenium ion-mediated alkene bis-cyclofunctionalization: total synthesis of (-)-swainsonine. Org Lett 2011; 13:2376-9. [PMID: 21486077 PMCID: PMC3100185 DOI: 10.1021/ol2006117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of (-)-swainsonine from 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythrose in 12 steps and an overall yield of 28% is reported. The pivotal transformation in our route to this indolizidine alkaloid is the formation of the pyrrolidine ring and C-8a/8 stereodiad through the diastereoselective, bis-cyclofunctionalization of an γ,δ-unsaturated O-alkyl hydroxamate. This transformation is believed to proceed via the intramolecular capture of an N-acyl-N-alkoxyaziridinium ion generated by the diastereoselective addition of a singlet acylnitrenium ion to the pendant alkene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan J Wardrop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States.
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31
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Stanković S, Catak S, D’hooghe M, Goossens H, Abbaspour Tehrani K, Bogaert P, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of 3-Methoxyazetidines via an Aziridine to Azetidine Rearrangement and Theoretical Rationalization of the Reaction Mechanism. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2157-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102555r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Stanković
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Saron Catak
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Goossens
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Kourosch Abbaspour Tehrani
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Bogaert
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, Member of QCMM-Alliance Ghent-Brussels
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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32
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Bagnoli L, Scarponi C, Rossi MG, Testaferri L, Tiecco M. Synthesis of enantiopure 1,4-dioxanes, morpholines, and piperazines from the reaction of chiral 1,2-diols, amino alcohols, and diamines with vinyl selenones. Chemistry 2010; 17:993-9. [PMID: 21226117 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of readily available vinyl selenones with enantiopure 1,2-diols, N-protected-1,2-aminoalcohols, and diamines gave substituted enantiopure 1,4-dioxanes, morpholines, and piperazines, respectively, in good to excellent yields. The same procedure was extended to the synthesis of thiomorpholine, benzodiazepine, and benzoxazepine. The reactions proceeded in one pot, in the presence of base, through a simple and novel application of the Michael-initiated, ring-closure (MIRC) reactions. The formed heterocycles constitute a framework that is observed in a large number of pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Bagnoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università di Perugia via del Liceo 1, Italy.
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33
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Bowen EG, Wardrop DJ. Diastereoselective nitrenium ion-mediated cyclofunctionalization: total synthesis of (+)-castanospermine. Org Lett 2010; 12:5330-3. [PMID: 20964285 DOI: 10.1021/ol102371x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric total synthesis of the α-glucosidase inhibitor (+)-castanospermine is reported. The central theme in our approach to this polyhydroxylated alkaloid is the simultaneous generation of the piperidine ring and the C-1/8a erythro stereodiad through the diastereoselective, oxamidation of an unsaturated O-alkyl hydroxamate. This process is believed to proceed sequentially via singlet acylnitrenium and aziridinium ion intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward G Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
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34
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Ritzen B, Hoekman S, Verdasco ED, van Delft FL, Rutjes FPJT. Enantioselective Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of cis- and trans-2,5-Disubstituted Morpholines. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3461-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1003295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas Ritzen
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Hoekman
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Durán Verdasco
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris L. van Delft
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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35
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D'hooghe M, Mollet K, Dekeukeleire S, De Kimpe N. Stereoselective synthesis of trans- and cis-2-aryl-3-(hydroxymethyl)aziridines through transformation of 4-aryl-3-chloro-β-lactams and study of their ring opening. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:607-15. [DOI: 10.1039/b919864d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Koya S, Yamanoi K, Yamasaki R, Azumaya I, Masu H, Saito S. Selective Synthesis of Eight-Membered Cyclic Ureas by the [6 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of 2-Vinylazetidines and Electron-Deficient Isocyanates. Org Lett 2009; 11:5438-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902299p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Koya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
| | - Kenichi Yamanoi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
| | - Ryu Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
| | - Hyuma Masu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
| | - Shinichi Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 162-8601, and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, Japan 769-2193
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37
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Leathen ML, Rosen BR, Wolfe JP. New strategy for the synthesis of substituted morpholines. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5107-10. [PMID: 19480462 DOI: 10.1021/jo9007223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A four-step synthesis of cis-3,5-disubstituted morpholines from enantiomerically pure amino alcohols is described. The key step in the synthesis is a Pd-catalyzed carboamination reaction between a substituted ethanolamine derivative and an aryl or alkenyl bromide. The morpholine products are generated as single stereoisomers in moderate to good yield. This strategy also provides access to fused bicyclic morpholines as well as 2,3- and 2,5-disubstituted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Leathen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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38
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Ghorai MK, Shukla D, Das K. Enantioselective Syntheses of Morpholines and Their Homologues via SN2-Type Ring Opening of Aziridines and Azetidines with Haloalcohols. J Org Chem 2009; 74:7013-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901297d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manas K. Ghorai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Dipti Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Kalpataru Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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39
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Yar M, McGarrigle EM, Aggarwal VK. Bromoethylsulfonium salt--a more effective annulation agent for the synthesis of 6- and 7-membered 1,4-heterocyclic compounds. Org Lett 2009; 11:257-60. [PMID: 19072319 DOI: 10.1021/ol8023727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of bromoethylsulfonium salt with 1,2-/1,3-aminoalcohols gave six- and seven-membered rings in good-to-excellent yields. The reactions proceed through generation of a vinyl sulfonium salt followed by annulation to give 1,4-heterocyclic compounds such as morpholines and benzoxazepines in a simple procedure. The method accommodates a range of nitrogen substituents and the amino alcohol can be substituted by amino thiols and diamines to give thiomorpholines, piperazines and benzodiazepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yar
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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40
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Wang L, Liu QB, Wang DS, Li X, Han XW, Xiao WJ, Zhou YG. Tandem Ring-Opening/Closing Reactions of N-Ts Aziridines and Aryl Propargyl Alcohols Promoted by t-BuOK. Org Lett 2009; 11:1119-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802862p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Qi-Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Duo-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiu-Wen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China, and Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
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41
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Yar M, McGarrigle EM, Aggarwal VK. An annulation reaction for the synthesis of morpholines, thiomorpholines, and piperazines from beta-heteroatom amino compounds and vinyl sulfonium salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:3784-6. [PMID: 18404756 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yar
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, UK
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42
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Yar M, McGarrigle E, Aggarwal V. An Annulation Reaction for the Synthesis of Morpholines, Thiomorpholines, and Piperazines from β-Heteroatom Amino Compounds and Vinyl Sulfonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Karikomi M, D'hooghe M, Verniest G, De Kimpe N. Regio- and stereocontrolled synthesis of novel 3-sulfonamido-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepines from 2-(bromomethyl)- or 2-(sulfonyloxymethyl)aziridines. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1902-4. [DOI: 10.1039/b804246m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Kanizsai I, Szakonyi Z, Sillanpää R, D’hooghe M, Kimpe ND, Fülöp F. Synthesis of chiral 1,5-disubstituted pyrrolidinones via electrophile-induced cyclization of 2-(3-butenyl)oxazolines derived from (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-norephedrine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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