1
|
Chatterjee B, Mondal D, Bera S. Synthetic applications of the Cannizzaro reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1376-1395. [PMID: 38919603 PMCID: PMC11196959 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Cannizzaro reaction has emerged as a versatile synthetic tool for the construction of functionalized molecules. Dating back to the 19th century, this reaction, though initially used for the synthesis of an alcohol and acid functionality from aldehydes, has henceforth proven useful to generate diverse molecular entities using both intermolecular and intramolecular synthetic strategies. Immense applications in the synthesis of hydroxy acids and esters, heterocycles, fused carbocycles, natural products, and others with broad substrate scope have raised profound interest from methodological and synthetic standpoints. The ongoing development of reagents, solvents, and technologies for the Cannizzaro reaction reflects the broader trend in organic synthesis towards more sustainable and efficient practices. The focus of this review is to highlight some recent advances in synthetic strategies and applications of the Cannizzaro reaction towards the synthesis of potentially useful molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College, West Bengal, India
| | - Dhananjoy Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India
| | - Smritilekha Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar-382030, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiu FR, Bai Q, Qi Y, Lei X, Yang R, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhan L, Zhou H, Shao W. An alkali-enhanced subcritical water treatment strategy of short-chain chlorinated paraffins: Dechlorination and hydrocarbons recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166574. [PMID: 37647949 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
As persistent organic pollutants, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) have attracted wide attention in the field of environmental health risk and hazardous waste management. Efficient dechlorination of high content of SCCPs in plastic waste is the committed step for its detoxification and safety treatment. In this study, a high-efficiency and low-temperature process for dechlorination and hydrocarbons recovery from typical SCCPs (52#SCCPs) by subcritical water (SubCW) with alkali enhancer was developed. The introduction of alkali enhancer in the SubCW process had significantly enhanced effect on the dechlorination of 52#SCCPs, and the order of the enhanced effect of alkali enhancer for the dechlorination was NaOH > Na2CO3 > NaHCO3 > NH3·H2O > KOH. The dechlorination behaviors of 52#SCCPs in the NaOH-enhanced SubCW process were studied systematically under different conditions including temperature, residence time, alkali concentration, and volume ratio. The results showed that high-efficiency dechlorination (100 %) of 52#SCCPs could be achieved by the NaOH-enhanced SubCW process at low temperature for a short time (250 °C, 5 min). All of the chlorine released from the molecular chain of 52#SCCPs was transferred to the aqueous phase in the form of inorganic chlorine. The continuous HCl elimination reaction was the primary dechlorination mechanism for 52#SCCPs in the NaOH-enhanced SubCW process. After the dechlorination of 52#SCCPs, high value-added hydrocarbons such as 2,4-hexadiyne (31.74 %) could be obtained. The alkali-enhanced SubCW process proposed in this study is believed to be an environmentally friendly and high-efficiency method for dechlorination/detoxification and resource recovery of SCCPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rong Xiu
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Bai
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Qi
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinyue Lei
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Wang
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Wang
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Longsheng Zhan
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Zhou
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Shao
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi' an 710054, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu W, Xiang J, Zhou Q, Gao X. Harnessing Protonated 2,2'-Bipyridinium Salts as Powerful Brønsted Acid Catalysts in Organic Reactions. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4066-4076. [PMID: 36989420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
It is the first time that the readily available protonated 2,2'-bipyridinium salts are used as Brønsted acid catalysts to accelerate a series of organic transformations that included the hydration of aromatic alkynes, etherification of alcohols, cyclotrimerization of aliphatic aldehydes, Ritter reaction, Mannich reaction, Biginelli reaction, preparation of substituted alkenes from alcohols, synthesis of spirooxindole, bisindolylmethane, and noncyclized tetraketone with good to excellent yields. These results strongly suggest that there exists enormous potentiality in the development of the protonated 2,2'-bipyridinium catalytic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
- Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiaqi Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen ZH, Su XX, Li Q, Wu JQ, Ou TM, Wang H. Synthesis of α-Boryl Ketones via Hydration or Oxidation of B(MIDA)-Decorated Alkynes. Org Lett 2023; 25:1099-1103. [PMID: 36790117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
α-Boryl ketones are traditionally challenging targets in organic synthesis. Reported herein is a mild and metal-free synthesis of α-boryl ketones via the hydration or oxidation of N-methyliminodiacetyl boronate (B(MIDA))-decorated alkynes. A new hydration system comprised of AcCl and H2O in HFIP allows the hydration of arylethynyl B(MIDA)s at room temperature with decent functional group tolerance. An oxidative carbon deletion process of propargylic B(MIDA)s is also developed for the synthesis of aliphatic α-boryl ketones. An intriguing β-boron effect was observed to account for the unique site- and chemoselectivities. The application of the products in the synthesis of borylated heterocycles was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rahman M, Ghosh S, Bhattacherjee D, Zyryanov GV, Bagdi AK, Hajra A. Recent Advances in Microwave‐assisted Cross‐Coupling Reactions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matiur Rahman
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | | | - Dhananjay Bhattacherjee
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B N Yeltsin: Ural'skij federal'nyj universitet imeni pervogo Prezidenta Rossii B N El'cina Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | | | - Alakananda Hajra
- Visva-Bharati Chemistry Santiniketan Road 731235 Santiniketan, Bolpur INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Unterlass MM, Amaya-García F. Synthesis of 2,3-Diarylquinoxaline Carboxylic Acids in High-Temperature Water. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAromatic carboxylic acids are prone to decarboxylate in high-temperature water (HTW). While the decarboxylation kinetics of several aromatic carboxylic acids have been explored, studies on their compatibility with organic syntheses in HTW are scarce. Herein, we report the hydrothermal synthesis (HTS) of 2,3-diarylquinoxaline carboxylic acids from 1,2-diarylketones and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid. A detailed study of the reaction parameters was performed to identify reaction conditions towards minimal decarboxylation. Thirteen 2,3-diarylquinoxaline-6-carboxylic acids are obtained at temperatures between 150–230 °C within 5–30 minutes. The reported conditions feature comparable performance to those of classic syntheses, avoiding volatile organic solvents, strong acids and toxic catalysts. Decarboxylated quinoxalines arise as side products in variable amounts via direct decarboxylation of the 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid. To completely inhibit the decarboxylation, we show that suitable structural analogues of 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid can act as starting compounds. Thus, ester hydrolysis of methyl 3,4-diaminobenzoate and deprotection of di-Boc-protected 3,4-diminobenzoic can be coupled with the HTS of quinoxaline towards quinoxaline carboxylic acids, while fully avoiding decarboxylated side products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Unterlass
- Universität Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry
- CeMM - Research Centre of Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
| | - Fabián Amaya-García
- Universität Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry
- CeMM - Research Centre of Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jankovič D, Virant M, Gazvoda M. Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition of Hydrazoic Acid Formed In Situ from Sodium Azide Affords 4-Monosubstituted-1,2,3-Triazoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4018-4028. [PMID: 35148087 PMCID: PMC8938953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid, HN3) with terminal alkynes to form 4-substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles in a sustainable manner. Hydrazoic acid was formed in situ from sodium azide under acidic conditions to react with terminal alkynes in a copper-catalyzed reaction. Using polydentate N-donor chelating ligands and mild organic acids, the reactions were realized to proceed at room temperature under aerobic conditions in a methanol-water mixture and with 5 mol % catalyst loadings to afford 4-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles in high yields. This method is amenable on a wide range of alkyne substrates, including unprotected peptides, showing diverse functional group tolerance. It is applicable for late-stage functionalization synthetic strategies, as demonstrated in the synthesis of the triazole analogue of losartan. The preparation of orthogonally protected azahistidine from Fmoc-l-propargylglycine was realized on a gram scale. The hazardous nature of hydrazoic acid has been diminished as it forms in situ in <6% concentrations at which it is safe to handle. Reactions of distilled solutions of hydrazoic acid indicated its role as a reactive species in the copper-catalyzed reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Jankovič
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Virant
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Gazvoda
- Faculty of Chemistry and
Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Solvent-processable 0D covalent organic framework quantum dot engineered composite membranes for biogas upgrading. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
9
|
Howie RA, Elliott LD, Kayal S, Sun XZ, Hanson-Heine MWD, Hunter J, Clark CA, Love A, Wiseall C, Lee DS, Poliakoff M, Booker Milburn KI, George MW. Integrated Multistep Photochemical and Thermal Continuous Flow Reactions: Production of Bicyclic Lactones with Kilogram Productivity. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rowena A. Howie
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Luke D. Elliott
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Surajit Kayal
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Xue-Zhong Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | | | - Jonathan Hunter
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Charlotte A. Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Ashley Love
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher Wiseall
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Darren S. Lee
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Martyn Poliakoff
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | | | - Michael W. George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Carvalho BL, Aguillon AR, Leão RA, de Souza RO. Two-step continuous flow synthesis of α-terpineol. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Sustainable hydration of alkynes promoted by first row transition metal complexes. Background, highlights and perspectives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
12
|
Vankar JK, Gupta A, Jadav JP, Nanjegowda SH, Gururaja GN. The thioamidation of gem-dibromoalkenes in an aqueous medium. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2473-2480. [PMID: 33651057 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The direct integration of sulphur and amine groups with 1,1-dibromoalkenes for thioamide synthesis has been achieved in an aqueous medium. The presented green protocol emphasizes the suitability of aqueous media for the thioamidation reaction and enables greater selectivity with synthetic utility. A wide range of thioamides in moderate to excellent yields has been achieved using readily available starting materials, with the use of no organic solvents, catalysts, or additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jigarkumar K Vankar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feng J, Wang S, Feng J, Li Q, Yue J, Yue G, Zou P, Wang G. Mild and efficient synthesis of trans-3-aryl-2-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans on water. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A protocol to prepare trans-3-aryl-2-nitro-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans has been developed on water. The protocol avoids the use of toxic solvents, tedious work-up procedures, and chromatographic separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Feng
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Jinxiang Feng
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuju Li
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Junping Yue
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Zou
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| | - Guangtu Wang
- College of Science
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Ya’an
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Janczewski Ł, Walczak M, Frączyk J, Kamiński ZJ, Kolesińska B. Microwave-assisted Cannizzaro reaction—Optimisation of reaction conditions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1657459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Janczewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Walczak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Frączyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Beata Kolesińska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Antenucci A, Flamini P, Fornaiolo MV, Di Silvio S, Mazzetti S, Mencarelli P, Salvio R, Bassetti M. Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Hydration of Unactivated Internal Alkynes in Weak Acidic Medium, under Lewis Acid‐Assisted Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Achille Antenucci
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Roma La Sapienza P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Flamini
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Roma La Sapienza P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | | | - Sergio Di Silvio
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Roma La Sapienza P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Sara Mazzetti
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Roma La Sapienza P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Paolo Mencarelli
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Roma La Sapienza P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
- CNR, Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità La Sapienza P. le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Riccardo Salvio
- CNR, Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità La Sapienza P. le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Mauro Bassetti
- CNR, Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità La Sapienza P. le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
García-Santos WH, Mateus-Ruiz JB, Cordero-Vargas A. Visible-Light Photocatalytic Preparation of 1,4-Ketoaldehydes and 1,4-Diketones from α-Bromoketones and Alkyl Enol Ethers. Org Lett 2019; 21:4092-4096. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William H. García-Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Jeferson B. Mateus-Ruiz
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cordero-Vargas
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Frederiksen LB, Grobosch TH, Jones JR, Lu SY, Zhao CC. Microwave Enhanced Decarboxylations of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids: Improved Deuteriation/Tritiation Potential. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823400103165644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids under microwave enhanced conditions is an increasingly attractive method of preparing deuterium/tritium labelled compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas H. Grobosch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
| | - John R. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
| | - Shui-Yu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
| | - Chao-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Highly Efficient, Combinatorial and Catalyst-Free Approach for the Synthesis of 2-Benzylidenehydrazono-3-phenyl-4-thiazolidinone-5-acetates in Ethanol. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Barham JP, Koyama E, Norikane Y, Ohneda N, Yoshimura T. Microwave Flow: A Perspective on Reactor and Microwave Configurations and the Emergence of Tunable Single‐Mode Heating Toward Large‐Scale Applications. CHEM REC 2018; 19:188-203. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Emiko Koyama
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohneda
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshimura
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tankam T, Srisa J, Sukwattanasinitt M, Wacharasindhu S. Microwave-Enhanced On-Water Amination of 2-Mercaptobenzoxazoles To Prepare 2-Aminobenzoxazoles. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11936-11943. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theeranon Tankam
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jakkrit Srisa
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sumrit Wacharasindhu
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lachos-Perez D, Baseggio AM, Mayanga-Torres P, Maróstica MR, Rostagno M, Martínez J, Forster-Carneiro T. Subcritical water extraction of flavanones from defatted orange peel. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
22
|
Benavente P, Cárdenas-Lizana F, Keane MA. Promotional effect of water in the clean continuous production of carvacrol from carvone. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
23
|
Metal/catalyst/reagent free hydration of alkynes up to gram scale under temperature and pressure controlled condition. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
24
|
Lui MY, Chan B, Yuen AKL, Masters AF, Montoya A, Maschmeyer T. Unravelling Some of the Key Transformations in the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2140-2144. [PMID: 28371419 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using both experimental and computational methods, focusing on intermediates and model compounds, some of the main features of the reaction mechanisms that operate during the hydrothermal processing of lignin were elucidated. Key reaction pathways and their connection to different structural features of lignin were proposed. Under neutral conditions, subcritical water was demonstrated to act as a bifunctional acid/base catalyst for the dissection of lignin structures. In a complex web of mutually dependent interactions, guaiacyl units within lignin were shown to significantly affect overall lignin reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Y Lui
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Alexander K L Yuen
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Anthony F Masters
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Alejandro Montoya
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Thomas Maschmeyer
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sun D, Chiba S, Yamada Y, Sato S. Vapor-phase intramolecular aldol condensation of 2,5-hexanedione to 3-methylcyclopent-2-enone over ZrO2-supported Li2O catalyst. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
26
|
You L, Ren XF, Wang Y, Ma ZH, Gu Y, Ma JZ. “Release and Catch” Effect of Perfluoroalkylsulfonylimide-Functionalized Imidazole/Pyridine on Brønsted Acids in Organic Systems. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street Hongshan District Wuhan 430070 P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ren
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street Hongshan District Wuhan 430070 P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street Hongshan District Wuhan 430070 P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Ma
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street Hongshan District Wuhan 430070 P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System; Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; 1037 Luoyu road, Hongshan District Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
| | - Jing-Zhong Ma
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street Hongshan District Wuhan 430070 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mei J, Chen Z, Yuan S, Mao J, Li H, Yin H. Kinetics of Isophorone Synthesis via Self-Condensation of Supercritical Acetone. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
28
|
Chiefari J, Dao B, Groth AM, Hodgkin JH. Water as Solvent in Polyimide Synthesis: Thermoset and Thermoplastic Examples. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008303015003004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A combination of increasingly stringent environmental legislation and economic competition is driving industrial processes further and further towards the three “E”s of chemical manufacture: economy, efficiency and environmental impact. In this paper, we present a novel aqueous method for the synthesis of polyimides. The products resulting from this process perform similarly, through both qualitative and quantitative comparisons, to those conventionally produced using high boiling dipolar aprotic solvent. This highly efficient one-pot method potentially provides economic advantage through low solvent cost and environmental impact benefit from the manageable aqueous waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Chiefari
- CSIRO Molecular Science, Clayton, Melbourne VIC, 3169 Australia
| | - Buu Dao
- CSIRO Molecular Science, Clayton, Melbourne VIC, 3169 Australia
| | - Andrew M. Groth
- CSIRO Molecular Science, Clayton, Melbourne VIC, 3169 Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mavrov MV. Synthesis of 4-aryl-1,7-dihydroxyalkane-2,6-diones under aldol reaction conditions. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-016-1361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
30
|
Kaiser D, Veiros LF, Maulide N. Brønsted Acid-Mediated Hydrative Arylation of Unactivated Alkynes. Chemistry 2016; 22:4727-32. [PMID: 26918863 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Brønsted acid-mediated reaction of unactivated alkynes with aryl sulfoxides leads to simultaneous hydration and intermolecular C-C bond formation. This solvent- and metal-free transformation directly delivers α-arylated carbonyl compounds as the products of a formal hydrative arylation in an atom-economical manner. The products bear useful synthetic handles for further functionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kaiser
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luís F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Oxidations of phenylacetic acid to benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde, and benzaldehyde to benzoic acid have been observed, in water as the solvent and using only copper(II) chloride as the oxidant. The reactions are performed at 250 °C and 40 bar, conditions that mimic hydrothermal reactions that are geochemically relevant. Speciation calculations show that the oxidizing agent is not freely solvated copper(II) ions, but complexes of copper(II) with chloride and carboxylate anions. Measurements of the reaction stoichiometries and also of substituent effects on reactivity allow plausible mechanisms to be proposed. These oxidation reactions are relevant to green chemistry in that they proceed in high chemical yield in water as the solvent and avoid the use of toxic heavy metal oxidizing reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yang
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Hilairy E Hartnett
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Everett L Shock
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Ian R Gould
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hassam M, Taher A, Arnott GE, Green IR, van Otterlo WAL. Isomerization of Allylbenzenes. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5462-569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassam
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Abu Taher
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Gareth E. Arnott
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem A. L. van Otterlo
- Department
of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag
X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
- School
of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kaur N. Insight into Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Benzo Derivatives of Five-Membered N,N-Heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.827725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Luo L, Liu C, Hou Z, Wang Y, Dai L. Dihydrobenzofuran production from catalytic tandem Claisen rearrangement–intramolecular hydroaryloxylation of allyl phenyl ethers in subcritical water. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04689g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The one pot rapid and high-yielding Claisen hydroaryloxylation of allyl phenyl ethers in subcritical water is described (see scheme).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Luo
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Chunze Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Liyi Dai
- Department of Chemistry
- East China Normal University
- 200062 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gao D, Kobayashi T, Adachi S. Kinetics of Sucrose Hydrolysis in a Subcritical Water-ethanol Mixture. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2014. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2013_006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
36
|
Zardoost MR. Kinetics and mechanism of intramolecular aldol condensation of 2,5-hexadione, a DFT and MP2 study. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793113050370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
37
|
García-Álvarez J, Díez J, Vidal C, Vicent C. New Ag(I)-iminophosphorane coordination polymers as efficient catalysts precursors for the MW-assisted Meyer-Schuster rearrangement of propargylic alcohols in water. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6533-42. [PMID: 23675864 DOI: 10.1021/ic400511d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of the N-thiophosphorylated iminophosphorane ligands (PTA)═NP(═S)(OR)2 [PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane, 3a and 3b] and (DAPTA)═NP(═S)(OR)2 [DAPTA = 3,7-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, 4a and 4b] with an equimolecular amount of AgSbF6 leads to high-yield formation of the new one-dimensional coordination polymers [Ag{μ(2)-N,S-(PTA)═NP(═S)(OR)2}]x[SbF6]x (5a and 5b) and [Ag{μ(2)-O,S-(DAPTA)═NP(═S)(OR)2}]x[SbF6]x (6a and 6b), respectively. These new (iminophosphorane)silver(I) coordination polymers are efficient catalyst precursors for the Meyer-Schuster isomerization of both terminal and internal alkynols. Reactions proceeded in water, under aerobic conditions and using microwave irradiation as heating source, to afford the corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in excellent yields, without the addition of any cocatalyst. Remarkably, it should be noted that this catalytic system can be recycled up to 10 consecutive runs (1st cycle 45 min, 99%; 10th cycle 6 h, 97%). ESI-MS analysis of 5a in water has been carried out providing valuable insight into the monomeric active species responsible for catalytic activity in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica Enrique Moles, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071, Oviedo, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gawande MB, Bonifácio VDB, Luque R, Branco PS, Varma RS. Benign by design: catalyst-free in-water, on-water green chemical methodologies in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5522-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
39
|
Zhang JP, Ding J, Ma N, Jiang B, Xu LC, Tu SJ. Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of 6-Ferrocenyl Pyridin-2(1 H)-one Derivative. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Zhang
- Department of Public Health; Xuzhou Medical College; Jiangsu; 221000; People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuzhou Normal University; Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuzhou Normal University; Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuzhou Normal University; Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Xu
- Department of Public Health; Xuzhou Medical College; Jiangsu; 221000; People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xuzhou Normal University; Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rana MK, Chandra A. Solvation structure of nanoscopic hydrophobic solutes in supercritical water: Results for varying thickness of hydrophobic walls, solute–solvent interaction and solvent density. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
41
|
Barrera-Ventura C, Salvatierra D, Giralt F, Giralt J. Hydrolysis of imidazole and 2-chloropyridine under subcritical and supercritical water conditions. CAN J CHEM ENG 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.21742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
42
|
Häussermann A, Rominger F, Straub BF. CO2 on a tightrope: stabilization, room-temperature decarboxylation, and sodium-induced carboxylate migration. Chemistry 2012; 18:14174-85. [PMID: 22997025 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A sterically shielded 3-substituted zwitterionic N,N-dimethylisotryptammonium carboxylate has been synthesized by consecutive chemoselective double alkylation of indole. The carboxylate undergoes a quantitative and unusually facile decarboxylation in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or dimethyl formamide (DMF) at room temperature. The breaking of a nearly equidistant hydrogen bond by solvent molecules initiates heterolytic C-C cleavage. The decarboxylation rate decreases with increasing CO(2) partial pressure, proving the competitiveness of protonation and re-carboxylation of the carbanionic intermediate. Corresponding spiro compounds containing silylene and stannylene moieties show high thermal stability. Addition of an excess of methyllithium to the sodium salt triggers a reaction sequence comprising a deprotonation, carboxylate transfer, and nucleophilic trapping of the rearranged carboxylate by another equivalent of methyllithium. Hydrolytic work-up of the geminal diolate leads to an acetyl product. The role of the sodium counterion and the mechanism of the rearrangement have been unraveled by deuteration experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achim Häussermann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Changi S, Zhu M, Savage PE. Hydrothermal reaction kinetics and pathways of phenylalanine alone and in binary mixtures. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:1743-1757. [PMID: 22927034 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We examined the behavior of phenylalanine in high-temperature water (HTW) at 220, 250, 280, and 350 °C. Under these conditions, the major product is phenylethylamine. The minor products include styrene and phenylethanol (1-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethanol), which appear at higher temperatures and longer batch holding times. Phenylethylamine forms via decarboxylation of phenylalanine, styrene forms via deamination of phenylethylamine, and phenylethanol forms via hydration of styrene. We quantified the molar yields of each product at the four temperatures, and the carbon recovery was between 80-100 % for most cases. Phenylalanine disappearance follows first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 144 ± 14 kJ mol⁻¹ and a pre-exponential factor of 10(12.4 ± 1.4) min⁻¹. A kinetics model based on the proposed pathways was consistent with the experimental data. Effects of five different salts (NaCl, NaNO₃, Na₂ SO₄, KCl, K₂ HPO₄) and boric acid (H₃BO₃) on phenylalanine behavior at 250 °C have also been elucidated. These additives increase phenylalanine conversion, but decrease the yield of phenylethylamine presumably by promoting formation of high molecular weight compounds. Lastly, binary mixtures of phenylalanine and ethyl oleate have been studied at 350 °C and three different molar concentration ratios. The presence of phenylalanine enhances the conversion of ethyl oleate and molar yields of fatty acid. Higher concentration of ethyl oleate leads to increased deamination of phenylethylamine and hydration of styrene. Amides are also formed due to the interaction of oleic acid/ethyl oleate and phenylethylamine/ammonia and lead to a decrease in the fatty acid yields. Taken collectively, these results provide new insights into the reactions of algae during its hydrothermal liquefaction to produce crude bio-oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujauddin Changi
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
de Vlieger D, Mojet B, Lefferts L, Seshan K. Aqueous Phase Reforming of ethylene glycol – Role of intermediates in catalyst performance. J Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
45
|
Li G, Tu SJ, Jiang B, Ma N, Wang XH. Microwave-Assisted Multicomponent Reaction in Water: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrimidinespiroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-s(p)53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
46
|
Combination of supercritical carbon dioxide and ionic liquid in a novel assembly of carvacrol. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Wang S, Cheng C, Gong F, Wu F, Jiang B, Zhou J, Tu S. Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis: A Rapid Approach to Poly-functionalized Indoline-Spiro Benzofurodiazepines. CHINESE J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201180364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
49
|
Fadhel AZ, Pollet P, Liotta CL, Eckert CA. Novel Solvents for Sustainable Production of Specialty Chemicals. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2011; 2:189-210. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061010-114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We discuss novel solvents that improve the sustainability of various chemical reactions and processes. These alternative solvents include organic-aqueous tunable solvents; near-critical water; switchable piperylene sulfone, a volatile dimethylsulfoxide substitute; and reversible ionic liquids. These solvents are advantageous to a wide variety of reactions because they reduce waste and energy demand by coupling homogeneous reactions with heterogeneous separations, acting as in situ acid or base catalysts, and providing simple and efficient postreaction separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Z. Fadhel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Pamela Pollet
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;, , ,
| | - Charles L. Liotta
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;, , ,
| | - Charles A. Eckert
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
- Specialty Separations Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Combining the benefits of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis with tunable solvents and nearcritical water. Molecules 2010; 15:8400-24. [PMID: 21081860 PMCID: PMC6259171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15118400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The greatest advantage of heterogeneous catalysis is the ease of separation, while the disadvantages are often limited activity and selectivity. We report solvents that use tunable phase behavior to achieve homogeneous catalysis with ease of separation. Tunable solvents are homogeneous mixtures of water or polyethylene glycol with organics such as acetonitrile, dioxane, and THF that can be used for homogeneously catalyzed reactions. Modest pressures of a soluble gas, generally CO2, achieve facile post-reaction heterogeneous separation of products from the catalyst. Examples shown here are rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of 1-octene and p-methylstyrene and palladium catalyzed C-O coupling to produce o-tolyl-3,5-xylyl ether and 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol. Both were successfully carried out in homogeneous tunable solvents followed by separation efficiencies of up to 99% with CO2 pressures of 3 MPa. Further examples in tunable solvents are enzyme catalyzed reactions such as kinetic resolution of rac-1-phenylethyl acetate and hydrolysis of 2-phenylethyl acetate (2PEA) to 2-phenylethanol (2PE). Another tunable solvent is nearcritical water (NCW), whose unique properties offer advantages for developing sustainable alternatives to traditional processes. Some examples discussed are Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, hydrolysis of benzoate esters, and water-catalyzed deprotection of N-Boc-protected amine compounds.
Collapse
|