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Freixas VM, Keefer D, Tretiak S, Fernandez-Alberti S, Mukamel S. Ultrafast coherent photoexcited dynamics in a trimeric dendrimer probed by X-ray stimulated-Raman signals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6373-6384. [PMID: 35733898 PMCID: PMC9159119 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced ultrafast coherent inter-chromophore energy redistribution in a triarylamine trimer is explored using nonadiabatic excited state molecular dynamics followed by simulations of X-ray Raman signals. The nitrogencentered system ensures strong interchromophore interactions and, thus, the presence of coherences. Nevertheless, the multitude of non-deterministic photoinduced pathways during the ultrafast inter-branch migration of the excitation results in random confinement on some branches and, therefore, spatial exciton scrambling and loss of phase information at long times. We show that the vibronic coherence dynamics evolving into the incoherent scrambling mechanism on ultrafast 50 fs timescale, is accurately probed by the TRUECARS X-ray stimulated Raman signal. In combination with previous results, where the technique has revealed long-lived coherences in a rigid heterodimer, the signal is most valuable for detecting ultrafast molecular coherences or their absence. We demonstrate that X-ray Raman spectroscopy is a useful tool in the chemical design of functional molecular building blocks. The photoinduced ultrafast coherent inter-chromophore energy redistribution in a triarylamine trimer is explored using nonadiabatic excited state molecular dynamics followed by simulations of X-ray Raman signals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Freixas
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET B1876BXD Bernal Argentina
| | - Daniel Keefer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine California 92697-2025 USA
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | | | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine California 92697-2025 USA
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2
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Li X, Zhou Q, Zhu M, Chen W, Wang B, Sha Y, Yan H. Synthesis and photophysical properties of a new tetraphenylethylene-o-carborane-based star-shaped molecule. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01207j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel TPE-o-carborane-based star-shaped molecule with a triphenylamine core was synthesized. In the solid state, the absolute luminescent quantum yield of this dendrimer can be improved to 62%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Miao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Wei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science
- College of Science
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- China
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3
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Nirmalananthan-Budau N, Budau JH, Moldenhauer D, Hermann G, Kraus W, Hoffmann K, Paulus B, Resch-Genger U. Substitution pattern controlled aggregation-induced emission in donor-acceptor-donor dyes with one and two propeller-like triphenylamine donors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14142-14154. [PMID: 32555804 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00413h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a comparative study of the spectroscopic properties of the donor-acceptor-donor substituted dyes triphenylamine-allylidenemalononitrile-julolidine (TMJ) and triphenylamine-allylidenemalononitrile-triphenylamine (TMT), bearing one and two propeller-like triphenylamine donor moieties, in solvents of varying polarity and viscosity and in the aggregated and solid state. Our results reveal control of the aggregation-induced spectroscopic changes and the packing motifs of the dye molecules in the solid state by the chemical nature and structure of the second nitrogen-containing donor, i.e., a planar and a rigid julolidine or a twisted triphenyl group. Assuming that the TMT and TMJ aggregates show a comparable arrangement of the molecules to the respective crystals, these different molecular interactions in the solid state are responsible for aggregation induced emission (AIE) in the case of TMT and its absence for TMJ. Moreover, a versatile strategy for the fluorescence enhancement of only weakly emissive AIE dyes is shown, turning these dyes into bright nanoscale fluorescent reporters by using them as stains for preformed polymer particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithiya Nirmalananthan-Budau
- Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. and Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Horst Budau
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Moldenhauer
- Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gunter Hermann
- QoD Technologies GmbH, Altensteinstraße 40, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Kraus
- Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Department 1, Division Structure Analytics, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Beate Paulus
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Raikwar MM, Patil DS, Mathew E, Varghese M, Joe IH, Sekar N. Influence of thiophene spacer and auxiliary acceptor on the optical properties of 4-(Diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde based D-π-A-π-D Colorants with N-alkyl donors: Experimental, DFT and Z-scan study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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5
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Jadhav AG, Rhyman L, Alswaidan IA, Ramasami P, Sekar N. Spectroscopic and DFT approach for structure property relationship of red emitting rhodamine analogues: A study of linear and nonlinear optical properties. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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6
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Jiao Y, He HY, Yin JQ, Zhou L, He C, Duan CY. A cerium-based metal-organic tetrahedron for fluorescent recognition of 5-HIAA and its application in urine test. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Ali MA, Geng Y, Cavaye H, Burn PL, Gentle IR, Meredith P, Shaw PE. Molecular versus exciton diffusion in fluorescence-based explosive vapour sensors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17406-9. [PMID: 26465590 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06367a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The diffusion of p-nitrotoluene vapours into polymer or dendrimer sensing films follows Super Case II dynamics in which the quenching efficiency is strongly correlated to an accelerating analyte front propagating through the neat film rather than being reliant on exciton diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ali
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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8
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Wang HW, Chen C, Hsu FC, Shieh HC, Wang JK, Lin SH, Hayashi M. Theoretical Studies of Distyrylbenzene and its Optical Properties. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200500094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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Shi L, He C, Zhu D, He Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Sun Y, Fu Y, Wen D, Cao H, Cheng J. High performance aniline vapor detection based on multi-branched fluorescent triphenylamine-benzothiadiazole derivatives: branch effect and aggregation control of the sensing performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30933e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Jana D, Ghorai BK. Synthesis and photophysical properties of tetraphenylethylene-based conjugated dendrimers with triphenylamine core. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Wren EJ, Mutkins K, Aljada M, Burn PL, Meredith P, Vamvounis G. The effect of dendronisation of arylamine centred chromophores on field effect transistor performance. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Xu B, Fang H, Chen F, Lu H, He J, Li Y, Chen Q, Sun H, Tian W. Synthesis, characterization, two-photon absorption, and optical limiting properties of triphenylamine-based dendrimers. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00393b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Fang Z, Teo TL, Cai L, Lai YH, Samoc A, Samoc M. Bridged Triphenylamine-Based Dendrimers: Tuning Enhanced Two-Photon Absorption Performance with Locked Molecular Planarity. Org Lett 2008; 11:1-4. [PMID: 19067556 DOI: 10.1021/ol801238n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Tang-Lin Teo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Liping Cai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Yee-Hing Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Anna Samoc
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Marek Samoc
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore, and Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
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14
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Becker K, Fritzsche M, Höger S, Lupton JM. Phenylene−Ethynylene Macrocycles as Model Systems of Interchromophoric Interactions in π-Conjugated Macromolecules. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:4849-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jp800160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Becker
- Photonics and Optoelectronics Group, Physics Department and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Amalienstr. 54, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - M. Fritzsche
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - J. M. Lupton
- Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
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15
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Wu YS, Li J, Ai XC, Fu LM, Zhang JP, Fu YQ, Zhou JJ, Li L, Bo ZS. Interplay between the Keto Defect and the Interchain Interaction on the Green Emission of Fluorene-Based Polymer. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:11473-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp073115z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shi Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Cheng Ai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qin Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Shan Bo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 1000872, People's Republic of China
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16
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Lo SC, Burn PL. Development of Dendrimers: Macromolecules for Use in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2007; 107:1097-116. [PMID: 17385927 DOI: 10.1021/cr050136l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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17
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Gómez R, Veldman D, Langeveld BMW, Segura JL, Janssen RAJ. A convergent synthesis of (diphenylvinyl)benzene (DPVB) star-shaped compounds with tunable redox, photo- and electroluminescent properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b707496d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Stampor W, Mróz W. Electroabsorption in triphenylamine-based hole-transporting materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Brauge L, Vériot G, Franc G, Deloncle R, Caminade AM, Majoral JP. Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers bearing chromophoric end groups: toward organic blue light-emitting diodes. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Yang JS, Lee YR, Yan JL, Lu MC. Synthesis and Properties of a Fluorene-Capped Isotruxene: A New Unsymmetrical Star-Shaped π-System. Org Lett 2006; 8:5813-6. [PMID: 17134279 DOI: 10.1021/ol062408s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An unsymmetrical star-shaped pi-system (1) with an isotruxene core and three fluorene arms has been synthesized, and its photophysical, electrochemical, and thermochemical properties have been investigated and compared with the corresponding symmetrical truxene derivatives 2a-d (Kanibolotsky, A. L.; Berridge, R.; Skabara, P. J.; Perepichka, I. F.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Koeberg, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 13695-13702). Stronger electronic couplings between the arms in 1 vs 2a-d lead to lower optical band gap, larger splitting in oxidation potentials, and superior thermostability. [structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jye-Shane Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
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21
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Kim YH, Yoon DK, Lee EH, Ko YK, Jung HT. Photoluminescence Properties of a Perfluorinated Supramolecular Columnar Liquid Crystal with a Pyrene Core: Effects of the Ordering and Orientation of the Columns. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:20836-42. [PMID: 17048895 DOI: 10.1021/jp063115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of the alignment and ordering of pi-conjugated perfluorinated dendrimers containing pyrene moieties in their cores on their photoluminescence (PL) properties. The pyrene molecules are stacked in columns surrounded by aromatic and semifluorinated tails, which can be conjugated and act as chromophores. Polarized light microscopy (PLM), cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results show that variation of the cooling rate of the dendrimers produces variation in their orientation and ordering: Slow cooling (approximately <0.5 degrees C/min) of the isotropic melt in a sandwich glass cell results in a high degree of ordering and the vertical alignment of the columns on the substrate, in which the stacked pyrene molecules are oriented parallel to the surface over large areas. In contrast, rapid cooling (approximately >10 degrees C/min) leads to the planar alignment of the columns with significant disorder on the same substrate. UV-vis, PL, SEM, and AFM results show that the quenched columns with a planar orientation produce a broad emission band and a second weak shoulder, which indicates the presence of isolated molecules. However, the high degree of ordering of the columns with a vertical alignment produces a red-shift in the PL spectrum, with very few isolated molecules. By comparing two films with different alignments but similar ordering, we show that the ordering of this material has a greater influence on the PL spectrum than the alignment. This effect of the ordering of the columns was further verified by comparing the optical properties of the isolated dendrimers with those of small pi-conjugated molecules in solution and solid films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, BK-21, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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22
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Becker K, Lupton JM. Efficient Light Harvesting in Dye-Endcapped Conjugated Polymers Probed by Single Molecule Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:6468-79. [PMID: 16683812 DOI: 10.1021/ja0609405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of sophisticated microscopic models of energy transfer in linear multichromophoric systems such as conjugated polymers is rarely matched by suitable experimental studies on the microscopic level. To assess the roles of structural, temporal, and energetic disorder in energy transfer, single molecule spectroscopic investigations of the elementary processes leading to energetic relaxation in conjugated polymers are desirable. We present a detailed study of energy transfer processes occurring in dye-endcapped conjugated polymer molecules on the single molecule level. These processes are mostly masked in ensemble investigations. Highly efficient intramolecular energy transfer along a single polyindenofluorene chain to a perylene endcap occurs in many instances and is resolved in real time. We further consider the spectral emission characteristics of the single molecule, the polarization anisotropy which reveals the chain conformation, the fluorescence intermittency, and the temperature dependence and conclude that the efficiency of energy transfer in the ensemble is controlled by the statistics of the individual molecules. The weak thermal activation of energy transfer indicates the involvement of vibrational modes in interchromophoric coupling. Whereas backbone-endcap coupling is strong, the rate-limiting step for intramolecular energy transfer is the migration along the backbone. The results are particularly relevant to understanding undesired exciton trapping on fluorenone defects in polyfluorenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Becker
- Photonics and Optoelectronics Group, Physics Department and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 München, Germany
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23
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Mülken O, Bierbaum V, Blumen A. Coherent exciton transport in dendrimers and continuous-time quantum walks. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:124905. [PMID: 16599723 DOI: 10.1063/1.2179427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We model coherent exciton transport in dendrimers by continuous-time quantum walks. For dendrimers up to the second generation the coherent transport shows perfect recurrences when the initial excitation starts at the central node. For larger dendrimers, the recurrence ceases to be perfect, a fact which resembles results for discrete quantum carpets. Moreover, depending on the initial excitation site, we find that the coherent transport to certain nodes of the dendrimer has a very low probability. When the initial excitation starts from the central node, the problem can be mapped onto a line which simplifies the computational effort. Furthermore, the long time average of the quantum mechanical transition probabilities between pairs of nodes shows characteristic patterns and allows us to classify the nodes into clusters with identical limiting probabilities. For the (space) average of the quantum mechanical probability to be still or to be again at the initial site, we obtain, based on the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, a simple lower bound which depends only on the eigenvalue spectrum of the Hamiltonian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Mülken
- Theoretische Polymerphysik, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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24
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Briñas RP, Troxler T, Hochstrasser RM, Vinogradov SA. Phosphorescent oxygen sensor with dendritic protection and two-photon absorbing antenna. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:11851-62. [PMID: 16104764 PMCID: PMC2441878 DOI: 10.1021/ja052947c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Imaging oxygen in 3D with submicron spatial resolution can be made possible by combining phosphorescence quenching technique with multiphoton laser scanning microscopy. Because Pt and Pd porphyrin-based phosphorescent dyes, traditionally used as phosphors in biological oxygen measurements, exhibit extremely low two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-sections, we designed a nanosensor for oxygen, in which a 2P absorbing antenna is coupled to a metalloporphyrin core via intramolecular energy transfer (ET) with the purpose of amplifying the 2PA induced phosphorescence of the metalloporphyrin. The central component of the device is a polyfunctionalized Pt porphyrin, whose triplet state emission at ambient temperatures is strong, occurs in the near infrared and is sensitive to O2. The 2PA chromophores are chosen in such a way that their absorption is maximal in the near infrared (NIR) window of tissue (e.g., 700-900 nm), while their fluorescence is overlapped with the absorption band(s) of the core metalloporphyrin, ensuring an efficient antenna-core resonance ET. The metalloporphyrin-antenna construct is embedded inside the protecting dendritic jacket, which isolates the core from interactions with biological macromolecules, controls diffusion of oxygen and makes the entire sensor water-soluble. Several Pt porphyrin-coumarin based sensors were synthesized and their photophyics studied to evaluate the proposed design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond P Briñas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Zhang XH, Choi SH, Choi D, Ahn KH. Synthesis and photophysical properties of phenothiazine-labeled conjugated dendrimers. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Stampor W. Electromodulation of fluorescence in hole-transporting materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Part II: Starburst amines. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Wei P, Bi X, Wu Z, Xu Z. Synthesis of Triphenylamine-Cored Dendritic Two-Photon Absorbing Chromophores. Org Lett 2005; 7:3199-202. [PMID: 16018620 DOI: 10.1021/ol050905n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text]. A new series of dendritic two-photon absorbing chromophores containing triphenylamine moiety as a core or branching points have been synthesized through a convergent synthetic strategy. One-photon and two-photon optical properties of these molecules were characterized. In the nanosecond time domain, these molecules exhibited large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections up to 7.56-12.2 x 10(-44) s cm(4) at 800 nm, indicating that these molecular structures were viable candidates for various two-photon related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 64110, USA
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28
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Schindler F, Lupton JM. Single Chromophore Spectroscopy of MEH-PPV: Homing-In on the Elementary Emissive Species in Conjugated Polymers. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:926-34. [PMID: 15884078 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200400575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature, single-molecule spectroscopy can provide unparalleled access to the primary emissive species of conjugated polymers. We demonstrate this with the example of one of the most commonly studied polymers, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene), MEH-PPV, which is shown to exhibit sharp fluorescence signatures over one hundred times narrower than the ensemble. These unprecedented narrow emission features can be assigned to single chromophores on the polymer chain, which are selectively addressed by the narrow band excitation. As with organic dye systems, the emission from single chromophores is not static with time, but shows a substantial spectral fluctuation. We find that, for single chromophores, this spectral fluctuation always follows a universal Gaussian statistical distribution. High-resolution spectroscopy provides unique insight into low-energy vibrational modes in the polymer emission, which are generally inaccessible with conventional spectroscopic methods such as site-selective fluorescence or Raman spectroscopy. Interchromophoric coupling can also occur owing to the flexible nature of the polymer backbone. This leads to substantial spectral broadening and a loss of resolution in the vibronic progression. We observe reversible switching within one single molecule between narrow and broad emission, which directly correlates with a discrete switching in emission intensity. We conclude that one and the same single molecule can support aggregated and nonaggregated emission, that is, emission from isolated and aggregated chromophores in one single molecule, rather than the tendency for aggregate emission being intrinsic to the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schindler
- Photonics and Optoelectronics Group, Physics Department and CeNS, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Amalien-Str. 54, 80799 Munich, Germany
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29
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Liu LA, Peteanu LA, Yaron DJ. Effects of Disorder-Induced Symmetry Breaking on the Electroabsorption Properties of a Model Dendrimer. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp047506e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Angela Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Linda A. Peteanu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - David J. Yaron
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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30
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Bangal PR, Lam DMK, Peteanu LA, Van der Auweraer M. Excited-State Localization in a 3-Fold-Symmetric Molecule as Probed by Electroabsorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0475990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Ranjan Bangal
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Danny Ming Kuang Lam
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Linda A. Peteanu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
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31
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Ranasinghe MI, Hager MW, Gorman CB, Goodson T. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Investigation of Energy Transfer in Compact Phenylacetylene Dendrimers. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036877c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahinda I. Ranasinghe
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Michael W. Hager
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Christopher B. Gorman
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Theodore Goodson
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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32
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Drobizhev M, Karotki A, Kruk M, Dzenis Y, Rebane A, Suo Z, Spangler CW. Uncovering Coherent Domain Structure in a Series of π-Conjugated Dendrimers by Simultaneous Three-Photon Absorption. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037437o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Drobizhev
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - A. Karotki
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - M. Kruk
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Yu. Dzenis
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - A. Rebane
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Z. Suo
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - C. W. Spangler
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, Lebedev Physics Institute, Leninsky pr., 53, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skarina Avenue, 220072 Minsk, Belarus, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
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33
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Gaab KM, Bardeen CJ. The effects of connectivity, coherence, and trapping on energy transfer in simple light-harvesting systems studied using the Haken-Strobl model with diagonal disorder. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:7813-20. [PMID: 15485243 DOI: 10.1063/1.1786922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of electronic energy transfer in a network of two-level systems coupled to a single trapping site is investigated using a simple Haken-Strobl model with diagonal disorder. The goal is to illustrate how the trapping time T(trap), coherence time T(d), and molecular topology all affect the overall efficiency of a light-harvesting network. Several issues are identified that need to be considered in the design of an optimal energy transfer network, including the dephasing-induced decoupling the trap from the rest of the network, the nonlinear dependence of trapping rate on the coherence time, and the role of network size and connectivity in determining the effect of the coherence time on efficiency. There are two main conclusions from this work. First, there exists an optimum combination of trapping time and coherence time, which will give the most rapid population transfer to the trap. These values are not in general the shortest trapping time and the longest coherence time, as would be expected based on rate equation models and/or simple considerations from previous analytical results derived for the Haken-Strobl model in an infinite system. Second, in the coherent regime, where T(d) is longer than the other relevant timescales, population trapping in a finite system can be suppressed by quantum interference effects, whose magnitude is sensitive to the molecular geometry. Suggestions for possible methods of observing such effects are discussed. These results provide a qualitative framework for quantum coherence and molecular topology into account for the design of covalent light-harvesting networks with high energy transfer efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Gaab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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34
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Ranasinghe MI, Murphy P, Lu Z, Huang SD, Twieg RJ, Goodson III T. Temperature dependence of excitation energy transport in a benzene branching molecular system. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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36
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Pålsson LO, Beavington R, Frampton MJ, Lupton JM, Magennis SW, Markham JPJ, Pillow JNG, Burn PL, Samuel IDW. Synthesis and Excited State Spectroscopy of Tris(distyrylbenzenyl)amine-cored Electroluminescent Dendrimers. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma011996g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Olof Pålsson
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Richard Beavington
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Michael J. Frampton
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - John M. Lupton
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Steven W. Magennis
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Jonathan P. J. Markham
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Jonathan N. G. Pillow
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Paul L. Burn
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Ifor D. W. Samuel
- Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K.; The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, OX1 3QY, Oxford, U.K.; and Organic Semiconductor Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, U.K
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