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Tamski M, Ansermet JP, Roussel C. Stabilization of p-GaAs electrode surfaces in organic solvent by bi-phenyl rings for spin dependent electron transfer studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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2
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Tamski M, Blumenschein F, Roussel C, Ansermet JP. Probing charge transfer processes at p-GaAs electrodes under weak optical excitation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.111894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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O’Connell J, Napolitani E, Impellizzeri G, Glynn C, McGlacken GP, O’Dwyer C, Duffy R, Holmes JD. Liquid-Phase Monolayer Doping of InGaAs with Si-, S-, and Sn-Containing Organic Molecular Layers. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1750-1759. [PMID: 31457539 PMCID: PMC6640969 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization and subsequent monolayer doping of InGaAs substrates using a tin-containing molecule and a compound containing both silicon and sulfur was investigated. Epitaxial InGaAs layers were grown on semi-insulating InP wafers and functionalized with both sulfur and silicon using mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and with tin using allyltributylstannane. The functionalized surfaces were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surfaces were capped and subjected to rapid thermal annealing to cause in-diffusion of dopant atoms. Dopant diffusion was monitored using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Raman scattering was utilized to nondestructively determine the presence of dopant atoms, prior to destructive analysis, by comparison to a blank undoped sample. Additionally, due to the As-dominant surface chemistry, the resistance of the functionalized surfaces to oxidation in ambient conditions over periods of 24 h and 1 week was elucidated using XPS by monitoring the As 3d core level for the presence of oxide components.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O’Connell
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- AMBER@CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Enrico Napolitani
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Astronomia, Università
di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR-IMM, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Colm Glynn
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard P. McGlacken
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm O’Dwyer
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ray Duffy
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Justin D. Holmes
- Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- AMBER@CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Garner LE, Steirer KX, Young JL, Anderson NC, Miller EM, Tinkham JS, Deutsch TG, Sellinger A, Turner JA, Neale NR. Covalent Surface Modification of Gallium Arsenide Photocathodes for Water Splitting in Highly Acidic Electrolyte. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:767-773. [PMID: 27943610 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient water splitting using light as the only energy input requires stable semiconductor electrodes with favorable energetics for the water-oxidation and proton-reduction reactions. Strategies to tune electrode potentials using molecular dipoles adsorbed to the semiconductor surface have been pursued for decades but are often based on weak interactions and quickly react to desorb the molecule under conditions relevant to sustained photoelectrolysis. Here, we show that covalent attachment of fluorinated, aromatic molecules to p-GaAs(1 0 0) surfaces can be employed to tune the photocurrent onset potentials of p-GaAs(1 0 0) photocathodes and reduce the external energy required for water splitting. Results indicate that initial photocurrent onset potentials can be shifted by nearly 150 mV in pH -0.5 electrolyte under 1 Sun (1000 W m-2 ) illumination resulting from the covalently bound surface dipole. Though X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals that the covalent molecular dipole attachment is not robust under extended 50 h photoelectrolysis, the modified surface delays arsenic oxide formation that results in a p-GaAs(1 0 0) photoelectrode operating at a sustained photocurrent density of -20.5 mA cm-2 within -0.5 V of the reversible hydrogen electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan E Garner
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - K Xerxes Steirer
- Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, CO 80401, United States
- Current address: Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, CO 80401, United States
| | - James L Young
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Nicholas C Anderson
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Elisa M Miller
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Jonathan S Tinkham
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Todd G Deutsch
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Alan Sellinger
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - John A Turner
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
| | - Nathan R Neale
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401, United States
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Vasiraju V, Kang Y, Vaddiraju S. Non-conformal decoration of semiconductor nanowire surfaces with boron nitride (BN) molecules for stability enhancement: degradation-resistant Zn3P2, ZnO and Mg2Si nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16150-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McGuiness CL, Diehl GA, Blasini D, Smilgies DM, Zhu M, Samarth N, Weidner T, Ballav N, Zharnikov M, Allara DL. Molecular self-assembly at bare semiconductor surfaces: cooperative substrate-molecule effects in octadecanethiolate monolayer assemblies on GaAs(111), (110), and (100). ACS NANO 2010; 4:3447-3465. [PMID: 20481546 DOI: 10.1021/nn1004638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The structures of self-assembled monolayers formed by chemisorption of octadecanethiol onto the surfaces of GaAs(001), (110), (111-A)-Ga, and (111-B)-As have been characterized in detail by a combination of X-ray photoelectron, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, and infrared spectroscopies and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. In all cases, the molecular lattices are ordered with hexagonal symmetry, even for the square and rectangular intrinsic substrate (001) and (110) lattices, and the adsorbate lattice spacings are all incommensurate with their respective intrinsic substrate lattices. These results definitively show that the monolayer organization is driven by intermolecular packing forces to assemble in a hexagonal motif, such as would occur in the approach to a limit for an energetically featureless surface. The accompanying introduction of strain into the soft substrate surface lattice via strong S substrate bonds forces the soft substrate lattice to compliantly respond, introducing quasi-2D strain. A notably poorer organization for the (111-A)-Ga case compared to the (111-B)-As and other faces indicates that that the Ga-terminated surface lattice is more resistant to adsorbate packing-induced stress. Overall, the results show that surface molecular self-assembly must be considered as a strongly cooperative process between the substrate surface and the adsorbate and that inorganic substrate surfaces should not be considered as necessarily rigid when strong intermolecular adsorbate packing forces are operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L McGuiness
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, USA
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Barlow I, Sun S, Leggett GJ, Turner M. Synthesis, monolayer formation, characterization, and nanometer-scale photolithographic patterning of conjugated oligomers bearing terminal thioacetates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:4449-4458. [PMID: 20030341 DOI: 10.1021/la9035024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of alpha-thioacetate terminated quaterthiophene and phenylene-thiophene materials, possessing thioacetate, oxetane, and alkyl groups at their omega-termini, is described. After deprotection these molecules were adsorbed onto Au films and the resulting self-assembled monolayers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and friction force microscopy (FFM). FFM indicated that monolayers formed by the dithioacetates had the highest coefficients of friction, followed by the oxetane-terminated adsorbates, with the alkyl-functionalized materials showing the lowest friction coefficients. These data may be understood in terms of differences in molecular packing. The quaterthiophene adsorbates also yielded higher friction coefficients than their phenylene-thiophene counterparts. Micrometer-scale patterns were fabricated by mask-based exposure to 244 nm light, and characterized by FFM. Nanometer-scale patterns were fabricated using near-field exposure and characterized by FFM. The images obtained demonstrated that features of conjugated oligomers with high spatial resolution (59 nm, ca. lambda/4) were achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
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Gassull D, Ulman A, Grunze M, Tanaka M. Electrochemical Sensing of Membrane Potential and Enzyme Function Using Gallium Arsenide Electrodes Functionalized with Supported Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:5736-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp711068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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McGuiness CL, Blasini D, Masejewski JP, Uppili S, Cabarcos OM, Smilgies D, Allara DL. Molecular self-assembly at bare semiconductor surfaces: characterization of a homologous series of n-alkanethiolate monolayers on GaAs(001). ACS NANO 2007; 1:30-49. [PMID: 19203128 DOI: 10.1021/nn7000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Structural trends for a homologous series of n-alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), C(n)H(2n+1)S- with 12 < or = n < or = 19, on GaAs(001), studied by a combination of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, along with ancillary probes, show an overall decay in organization with decreasing n, with the largest changes occurring below n = 15-16. The long-chain monolayers form a mosaic structure with < or =10 nm domains of molecules organized in an incommensurate pseudo-hcp arrangement with nearest neighbor distances of 4.70 and 5.02 A, a 21.2 A(2) area per chain, two chains per subcell in a herringbone packing with a chain tilt angle of 14 degrees , and preferential domain alignment along the substrate [110]([110]) step edge direction. In contrast, for n < 14 no evidence of translational ordering is seen and the alkyl chains exhibit a loss of conformational ordering and coverage relative to the n > 16 cases. A 4'-methyl-biphenyl-4-thiolate companion SAM shows evidence for ordered structures but with lattice parameters close to those expected for a structure commensurate with the intrinsic GaAs(001) square lattice. These trends are explained on the basis of competitions between lattice, interfacial, and intermolecular forces controlling the nanoscale structures of the SAMs. Overall these results provide an important aspect of understanding the effects of SAM formation on surface properties such as electronic and chemical passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L McGuiness
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801-6300, USA
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11
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Cell Surface Models on Polymer Supports – From Artificial Membranes to Native Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1554-4516(05)02004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Shaporenko A, Adlkofer K, Johansson LSO, Ulman A, Grunze M, Tanaka M, Zharnikov M. Spectroscopic Characterization of 4‘-Substituted Aromatic Self-Assembled Monolayers on GaAs(100) Surface. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040474a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shaporenko
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - K. Adlkofer
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - L. S. O. Johansson
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - A. Ulman
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Grunze
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Tanaka
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E22, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse, D-85748, Garching, Germany, Department of Physics, Karlstad University, Universitetsgatan 1, S-65188 Karlstad, Sweden, and Department of Chemistry and the NSF MRSEC for Polymers at Engineered Interfaces, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York 11201
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Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Study of Biphenyl-4-Carboxylic Acid Phenyl Amide Adsorbed on Metal Surfaces. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2003. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2003.47.5.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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