1
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Steinrücken E, Weigler M, Kloth S, Vogel M. Complex dynamics of partially freezable confined water revealed by combined experimental and computational studies. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014706. [PMID: 38949591 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigate water dynamics in mesoporous silica across partial crystallization by combining broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). Exploiting the fact that not only BDS but also NMR field-cycling relaxometry and stimulated-echo experiments provide access to dynamical susceptibilities in broad frequency and temperature ranges, we study both the fully liquid state above the melting point Tm and the dynamics of coexisting water and ice phases below this temperature. It is found that partial crystallization leads to a change in the temperature dependence of rotational correlation times τ, which occurs in addition to previously reported dynamical crossovers of confined water and depends on the pore diameter. Furthermore, we observe that dynamical susceptibilities of water are strongly asymmetric in the fully liquid state, whereas they are much broader and nearly symmetric in the partially frozen state. Finally, water in the nonfreezable interfacial layer below Tm does not exhibit a much debated dynamical crossover at ∼220 K. We argue that its dynamics is governed by a static energy landscape, which results from the interaction with the bordering silica and ice surfaces and features a Gaussian-like barrier distribution. Consistently, our MDS analysis of the motional mechanism reveals a hopping motion of water in thin interfacial layers. The rotational correlation times of the confined ice phases follow Arrhenius laws. While the values of τ depend on the pore diameter, freezable water in various types of confinements and mixtures shows similar activation energies of Ea ≈ 0.43 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Steinrücken
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Max Weigler
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kloth
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Haro Mares NB, Döller SC, Wissel T, Hoffmann M, Vogel M, Buntkowsky G. Structures and Dynamics of Complex Guest Molecules in Confinement, Revealed by Solid-State NMR, Molecular Dynamics, and Calorimetry. Molecules 2024; 29:1669. [PMID: 38611950 PMCID: PMC11013127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of confined molecules such as water, small and higher alcohols, carbonic acids, ethylene glycol, and non-ionic surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol or Triton-X, as guest molecules in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials employing solid-state NMR spectroscopy, supported by calorimetry and molecular dynamics simulations. The combination of steric interactions, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions results in a fascinating phase behavior in the confinement. Combining solid-state NMR and relaxometry, DNP hyperpolarization, molecular dynamics simulations, and general physicochemical techniques, it is possible to monitor these confined molecules and gain deep insights into this phase behavior and the underlying molecular arrangements. In many cases, the competition between hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between polar and non-polar moieties of the guests and the host leads to the formation of ordered structures, despite the cramped surroundings inside the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia B. Haro Mares
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Sonja C. Döller
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Till Wissel
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University of New York at Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
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3
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Schiller V, Vogel M. Ice-Water Equilibrium in Nanoscale Confinement. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:016201. [PMID: 38242666 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.016201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
We show that 2D ^{2}H NMR spectra enable valuable insights into the nature of an ice-water equilibrium in nanoscale confinement, which extends over a broad temperature range. In particular, 2D ^{2}H NMR line-shape analysis allows us to determine the timescale on which the coexisting ice and water phases exchange molecules. For D_{2}O in a silica nanopore with a diameter of 5.4 nm, we find that the residence time of a water molecule in either phase is characterized by an NMR exchange time of τ_{X}=5.7 ms at 220 K. Thus, the ice-water equilibrium is highly dynamic, which is an important aspect for an understanding of deeply cooled confined and, possibly, bulk waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Schiller
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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4
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Winterstein S, Privalov AF, Greve C, Siegel R, Pötzschner B, Bettermann M, Adolph L, Timm J, Marschall R, Rössler EA, Herzig EM, Vogel M, Senker J. Ultrafast Proton Conduction in an Aqueous Electrolyte Confined in Adamantane-like Micropores of a Sulfonated, Aromatic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27563-27575. [PMID: 38060438 PMCID: PMC10740000 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonated, cross-linked porous polymers are promising frameworks for aqueous high-performance electrolyte-host systems for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. The systems offer high proton conductivities, excellent chemical and mechanical stabilities, and straightforward water management. However, little is known about mass transport mechanisms in such nanostructured hosts. We report on the synthesis and postsynthetic sulfonation of an aromatic framework (SPAF-2) with a 3D-interconnected nanoporosity and varying sulfonation degrees. Water adsorption produces the system SPAF-2H20. It features proton exchange capacities up to 6 mequiv g-1 and exceptional proton conductivities of about 1 S cm-1. Two contributions are essential for the highly efficient transport. First, the nanometer-sized pores link the charge transport to the diffusion of adsorbed water molecules, which is almost as fast as bulk water. Second, continuous exchange between interface-bound and mobile species enhances the conductivities at elevated temperatures. SPAF-2H20 showcases how to tailor nanostructured electrolyte-host systems with liquid-like conductivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon
F. Winterstein
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alexei F. Privalov
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christopher Greve
- Dynamics
and Structure Formation, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Renée Siegel
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Björn Pötzschner
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Bettermann
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lea Adolph
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jana Timm
- Physical
Chemistry III, Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Roland Marschall
- Physical
Chemistry III, Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ernst A. Rössler
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Eva M. Herzig
- Dynamics
and Structure Formation, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jürgen Senker
- Inorganic
Chemistry III and Northern Bavarian NMR Centre, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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5
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Acharya GR, Tyagi M, Mamontov E, Hoffmann PM. Diffusion Dynamics of Water and Ethanol in Graphene Oxide. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7384-7393. [PMID: 37556231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
We utilized the momentum transfer (Q)-dependence of quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) to measure the dynamics of water and ethanol confined in graphene oxide (GO) powder or membranes at different temperatures and in different orientations. We found reduced diffusivities (up to 30% in the case of water) and a depression of dynamic transition temperatures. While water showed near Arrhenius behavior with an almost bulk-like activation barrier in a temperature range of 280-310 K, the diffusivity of ethanol showed little temperature dependence. For both water and ethanol, we found evidence for immobile and mobile fractions of the confined liquid. The mobile fraction exhibited jump diffusion, with a jump length consistent with the expected average spacing of hydroxide groups in the GO surfaces. From anisotropy measurements, we found weak anisotropy in the diffusivity of the mobile species and in the fraction and geometry of immobile species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobin Raj Acharya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Eugene Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6473, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Peter M Hoffmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Physical Sciences, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
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6
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Di Pino S, Perez Sirkin YA, Morzan UN, Sánchez VM, Hassanali A, Scherlis DA. Water Self-Dissociation is Insensitive to Nanoscale Environments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306526. [PMID: 37379226 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanoconfinement effects on water dissociation and reactivity remain controversial, despite their importance to understand the aqueous chemistry at interfaces, pores, or aerosols. The pKw in confined environments has been assessed from experiments and simulations in a few specific cases, leading to dissimilar conclusions. Here, with the use of carefully designed ab initio simulations, we demonstrate that the energetics of bulk water dissociation is conserved intact to unexpectedly small length-scales, down to aggregates of only a dozen molecules or pores of widths below 2 nm. The reason is that most of the free-energy involved in water autoionization comes from breaking the O-H covalent bond, which has a comparable barrier in the bulk liquid, in a small droplet of nanometer size, or in a nanopore in the absence of strong interfacial interactions. Thus, dissociation free-energy profiles in nanoscopic aggregates or in 2D slabs of 1 nm width reproduce the behavior corresponding to the bulk liquid, regardless of whether the corresponding nanophase is delimited by a solid or a gas interface. The present work provides a definite and fundamental description of the mechanism and thermodynamics of water dissociation at different scales with broader implications on reactivity and self-ionization at the air-liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solana Di Pino
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yamila A Perez Sirkin
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Uriel N Morzan
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Verónica M Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Ali Hassanali
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Damian A Scherlis
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy
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7
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Beilinson Y, Schiller V, Regentin J, Melillo JH, Greenbaum A, Antropova T, Cerveny S, Vogel M, Feldman Y. The Nature of the Low-Temperature Crossover of Water in Hard Confinement. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37229523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of water confined in mesoporous MIP (2-3 nm pores in size) with silica gel (secondary silica; further, the abbreviation SG will be used) and MAP (10-35 nm pores in size) without SG borosilicate glasses have been studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). MIP samples contain secondary silica inside the pores and provide a confinement size of about 2-3 nm, whereas MAP samples are free of secondary silica and provide a confinement size of about 10-35 nm. It is shown by BDS and NMR techniques that water exhibits a dynamic crossover of around 180 K when it is confined in MIP samples. By contrast, water confined in larger pores (MAP) does not exhibit any changes in its relaxation behavior. It is also shown that the crossover temperature depends on the hydration level (the higher the hydration level, the lower the crossover temperature). Below the crossover temperature, we find that water reorientation is isotropic (NMR) and that the temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation strength (BDS) follows the tendency expected for a solid-like material. In contrast, water reorientation is related to long-range diffusion above the crossover temperature, and the dielectric relaxation strength follows the tendency expected for a liquid-like material. Furthermore, the calorimetric results are compatible with crossing a glass transition near 180 K. Finally, the results are discussed within the Gibbs-Thomson model. In this framework, the crossover could be related to ice crystals melting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Beilinson
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Verena Schiller
- Institut für Physik kondensierter Materie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Regentin
- Institut für Physik kondensierter Materie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jorge H Melillo
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Anna Greenbaum
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tatiana Antropova
- Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb., 2, Saint-Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Silvina Cerveny
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM CSIC/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Physik kondensierter Materie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yuri Feldman
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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8
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Steinrücken E, Weigler M, Schiller V, Vogel M. Dynamical Susceptibilities of Confined Water from Room Temperature to the Glass Transition. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4104-4112. [PMID: 37126094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We confine water to narrow silica pores, where crystallization is suppressed, and determine the dynamical susceptibilities of the liquid from room temperature down to the glass transition by combining broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with 1H and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), in particular, by establishing NMR field-cycling relaxometry. For the correlation times, derivative analysis reveals Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann and Arrhenius regimes at T ≥ 215 K and T ≤ 160 K, respectively, which are separated by a broad crossover region. The continuous transition in the temperature dependence is accompanied by a gradual change from asymmetric high-temperature shapes of the dynamical susceptibilities to symmetric low-temperature ones and by a steady decrease of the dielectric relaxation strength. In the Arrhenius regime (Ea = 0.48 eV) at T ≤ 160 K, 2D 2H NMR spectra reveal quasi-isotropic water reorientation. We rationalize these results in terms of a crossover to an interface-affected, noncooperative relaxation involving both rotational and translational motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Steinrücken
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Max Weigler
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Verena Schiller
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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9
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Kringle L, Kay BD, Kimmel GA. Dynamic Heterogeneity and Kovacs' Memory Effects in Supercooled Water. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3919-3930. [PMID: 37097190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the properties of supercooled water is important for developing a comprehensive theory for liquid water and amorphous ices. Because of rapid crystallization for deeply supercooled water, experiments on it are typically carried out under conditions in which the temperature and/or pressure are rapidly changing. As a result, information on the structural relaxation kinetics of supercooled water as it approaches (metastable) equilibrium is useful for interpreting results obtained in this experimentally challenging region of phase space. We used infrared spectroscopy and the fast time resolution obtained by transiently heating nanoscale water films to investigate relaxation kinetics (aging) in supercooled water. When the structural relaxation of the water films was followed using a temperature jump protocol analogous to the classic experiments of Kovacs, similar memory effects were observed. In particular, after suitable aging at one temperature, water's structure displayed an extremum versus the number of heat pulses upon changing to a second temperature before eventually relaxing to a steady-state structure characteristic of that temperature. A random double well model based on the idea of dynamic heterogeneity in supercooled water accounts for the observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Kringle
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D Kay
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Greg A Kimmel
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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10
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Schneider S, Brodrecht M, Breitzke H, Wissel T, Buntkowsky G, Varol HS, Brilmayer R, Andrieu-Brunsen A, Vogel M. Local and diffusive dynamics of LiCl aqueous solutions in pristine and modified silica nanopores. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:034503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0098483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We use 1H, 2H, and 7Li NMR to investigate local and diffusive dynamics of LiCl-7H2O and LiCl-7D2O solutions in pristine and functionalized silica nanopores in a component-selective manner. Recently, we showed that the solution dynamics become slower when the diameter of the pristine pores is reduced. Here, we determine the effects of (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and dye surface functionalizations on the motions of the water molecules and lithium ions from ambient temperatures down to the glass transition. The local and diffusive solution dynamics are similar in both functionalized pores but, on average, slower than in pristine pores with comparable diameters. When the exchange between different confinement regions is sufficiently slow at reduced temperatures, bimodal water and lithium dynamics may be observed. We attribute this bimodality to bulk-like motion in the pore centers and slowed-down motion at the pore walls. For the lithium ions, a bimodality observed in the pristine pores is absent in the functionalized ones. We conjecture that the steric hindrance and electrostatic interactions associated with the grafted functional groups interfere with the formation of a defined electric double layer, while the enhanced surface roughness and unequal charge distribution result in overall slower dynamics. Thus, the nature of the walls is an important parameter for the solution dynamics. Thereby, in-situ measurements of the pH value inside the silica pores using the grafted dye molecules reveal that observed changes in the pH value in response to the surface functionalization are of limited relevance for the water reorientation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Physical Chemistry, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Germany
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11
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Reuhl M, Monnard P, Vogel M. Effects of partial crystallization on the glassy slowdown of aqueous ethylene glycol solutions. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:224501. [PMID: 34911309 DOI: 10.1063/5.0075457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies, we ascertain the glass transition of aqueous ethylene glycol (EG) solutions, in particular the effects of partial crystallization on their glassy slowdown. For the completely liquid solutions in the weakly supercooled regime, it is found that the dynamics of the components occur on very similar time scales, rotational and translational motions are coupled, and the structural (α) relaxation monotonously slows down with increasing EG concentration. Upon cooling, partial crystallization strongly alters the glassy dynamics of EG-poor solutions; in particular, it strongly retards the α relaxation of the remaining liquid fraction, causing a non-monotonous concentration dependence, and it results in a crossover from non-Arrhenius to Arrhenius temperature dependence. In the deeply supercooled regime, a recrossing of the respective α-relaxation times results from the Arrhenius behaviors of the partially frozen EG-poor solutions together with the non-Arrhenius behavior of the fully liquid EG-rich solutions. Exploiting the isotope selectivity of nuclear magnetic resonance, we observe different rotational dynamics of the components in this low-temperature range and determine the respective contributions to the ν relaxation decoupling from the α relaxation when the glass transition is approached. The results suggest that the ν process, which is usually regarded as a water process, actually also involves the EG molecules. In addition, we show that various kinds of partially crystalline aqueous systems share a common relaxation process, which is associated with the frozen fraction and differs from that of bulk hexagonal ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Reuhl
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Philipp Monnard
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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12
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Sepulveda-Medina PI, Tyagi M, Wang C, Vogt BD. Water dynamics within nanostructured amphiphilic statistical copolymers from quasielastic neutron scattering. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:154903. [PMID: 33887940 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the properties of water under either soft or hard confinement has been an area of great interest, but nanostructured amphiphilic polymers that provide a secondary confinement have garnered significantly less attention. Here, a series of statistical copolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and 2-(N-ethylperfluorooctane sulfonamido)ethyl methacrylate (FOSM) are swollen to equilibrium in water to form nanostructured physically cross-linked hydrogels to probe the effect of soft confinement on the dynamics of water. Changing the composition of the copolymer from 10 to 21 mol. % FOSM decreases the average size of the assembled FOSM cross-link, but also the spacing between the cross-links in the hydrogels with the mean distance between the FOSM aggregates decreasing from 3.9 to 2.7 nm. The dynamics of water within the hydrogels were assessed with quasielastic neutron scattering. These hydrogels exhibit superior performance for inhibition of water crystallization on supercooling in comparison to analogous hydrogels with different hydrophilic copolymer chemistries. Despite the lower water crystallinity, the self-diffusion coefficient for these hydrogels from the copolymers of HEA and FOSM decreases precipitously below 260 K, which is a counter to the nearly temperature invariant water dynamics reported previously with an analogous hydrogel [Wiener et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 120, 5543 (2016)] that exhibits nearly temperature invariant dynamics to 220 K. These results point to chemistry dependent dynamics of water that is confined within amphiphilic hydrogels, where the interactions of water with the hydrophilic segments can qualitatively alter the temperature dependent dynamics of water in the supercooled state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Bryan D Vogt
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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13
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Structural relaxation and crystallization in supercooled water from 170 to 260 K. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2022884118. [PMID: 33790015 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022884118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of water's anomalous properties has been debated for decades. Resolution of the problem is hindered by a lack of experimental data in a crucial region of temperatures, T, and pressures where supercooled water rapidly crystallizes-a region often referred to as "no man's land." A recently developed technique where water is heated and cooled at rates greater than 109 K/s now enables experiments in this region. Here, it is used to investigate the structural relaxation and crystallization of deeply supercooled water for 170 K < T < 260 K. Water's relaxation toward a new equilibrium structure depends on its initial structure with hyperquenched glassy water (HQW) typically relaxing more quickly than low-density amorphous solid water (LDA). For HQW and T > 230 K, simple exponential relaxation kinetics is observed. For HQW at lower temperatures, increasingly nonexponential relaxation is observed, which is consistent with the dynamics expected on a rough potential energy landscape. For LDA, approximately exponential relaxation is observed for T > 230 K and T < 200 K, with nonexponential relaxation only at intermediate temperatures. At all temperatures, water's structure can be reproduced by a linear combination of two, local structural motifs, and we show that a simple model accounts for the complex kinetics within this context. The relaxation time, τ rel , is always shorter than the crystallization time, τ xtal For HQW, the ratio, τ xtal /τ rel , goes through a minimum at ∼198 K where the ratio is about 60.
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14
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Steinrücken E, Wissel T, Brodrecht M, Breitzke H, Regentin J, Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. 2H NMR study on temperature-dependent water dynamics in amino-acid functionalized silica nanopores. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:114702. [PMID: 33752372 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We prepare various amino-acid functionalized silica pores with diameters of ∼6 nm and study the temperature-dependent reorientation dynamics of water in these confinements. Specifically, we link basic Lys, neutral Ala, and acidic Glu to the inner surfaces and combine 2H nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation and line shape analyses to disentangle the rotational motions of the surfaces groups and the crystalline and liquid water fractions coexisting below partial freezing. Unlike the crystalline phase, the liquid phase shows reorientation dynamics, which strongly depends on the chemistry of the inner surfaces. The water reorientation is slowest for the Lys functionalization, followed by Ala and Glu and, finally, the native silica pores. In total, the rotational correlation times of water at the different surfaces vary by about two orders of magnitude, where this span is largely independent of the temperature in the range ∼200-250 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Steinrücken
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Till Wissel
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Brodrecht
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hergen Breitzke
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Regentin
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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15
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Puibasset J, Judeinstein P, Zanotti JM. Bulk supercooled water versus adsorbed films on silica surfaces: specific heat by Monte Carlo simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2275-2285. [PMID: 33443254 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05387b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Between 150 and 230.6 K, bulk supercooled water freezes upon cooling, and amorphous ice crystallizes upon heating: bulk water thus exists only in its stable ice form. To circumvent this problem, experiments are generally performed on water adsorbed in SiO2 based porous systems. In this work, we take advantage of Monte Carlo simulations to explore this metastable supercooled region inaccessible to experiments. Using three rigid, non-polarizable water models, namely SPC, TIP4P and TIP4P/2005, we investigate the isobaric specific heat capacity (Cp), between 100 and 300 K, of bulk water and water films of few monolayers adsorbed on different SiO2 surfaces: a smooth surface, a non-hydroxylated (0001) surface of quartz, and a fully hydroxylated (001) surface of cristobalite. As Cp is directly related to the entropy fluctuations and we focus on low temperatures, the convergence of the Monte Carlo simulations is a critical point of this work. Also, due to the small mass of the hydrogen atoms, quantum corrections are taken into account, and lead to an excellent agreement of the simulated and experimental Cp values at low temperature (100 K region). Altogether, we conclude that, in bulk, Cp is shown to exhibit a broad peak around 225 K for the SPC and TIP4P models, and around 250 K for the TIP4P/2005 model, in qualitative agreement with the experimentally observed features in Cp measurements. For interfacial water, in all cases, the broad Cp peak disappears. This result, at odds with experimental observations, suggests that disorder and hydrogen bonding at the interface (not yet taken into account) have a fundamental role in confined water transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Puibasset
- ICMN, UMR7374, CNRS, Université d'Orléans, 1b, Rue de la Férollerie, 45071, Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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16
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Schneider S, Säckel C, Brodrecht M, Breitzke H, Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. NMR studies on the influence of silica confinements on local and diffusive dynamics in LiCl aqueous solutions approaching their glass transitions. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:244501. [PMID: 33380090 DOI: 10.1063/5.0036079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We use 1H, 2H, and 7Li NMR to investigate the molecular dynamics of glass-forming LiCl-7H2O and LiCl-7D2O solutions confined to MCM-41 or SBA-15 silica pores with diameters in the range of d = 2.8 nm-5.4 nm. Specifically, it is exploited that NMR experiments in homogeneous and gradient magnetic fields provide access to local and diffusive motions, respectively, and that the isotope selectivity of the method allows us to characterize the dynamics of the water molecules and the lithium ions separately. We find that the silica confinements cause a slowdown of the dynamics on all length scales, which is stronger at lower temperatures and in narrower pores and is more prominent for the lithium ions than the water molecules. However, we do not observe a temperature-dependent decoupling of short-range and long-range dynamics inside the pores. 7Li NMR correlation functions show bimodal decays when the pores are sufficiently wide (d > 3 nm) so that bulk-like ion dynamics in the pore centers can be distinguished from significantly retarded ion dynamics at the pore walls, possibly in a Stern layer. However, we do not find evidence for truly immobile fractions of water molecules or lithium ions and, hence, for the existence of a static Stern layer in any of the studied silica pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schneider
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - C Säckel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Brodrecht
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - H Breitzke
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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17
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Sen S, Risbud SH, Bartl MH. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Transitions of Liquids in Nanoconfinement. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2869-2878. [PMID: 33186005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Core principles of chemistry are ubiquitously invoked to shed light on the nature of molecular level interactions in nanoconfined fluids, which play a pivotal role in a wide range of processes in geochemistry, biology, and engineering. A detailed understanding of the physicochemical processes involved in the flow, structural transitions, and freezing or melting behavior of fluids confined within nanometer-sized pores of solid materials is thus of enormous importance for both basic research and technological applications.This Account provides a perspective on new insights into the thermodynamic and kinetic transitions of nanoconfined fluids in their stable and metastable forms. After briefly introducing the unique properties of mesoporous silicas from the SBA, MCM, and FDU families that serve as the confinement matrices, combining highly ordered single and bimodal mesopore architectures with tunable pore sizes in the ∼2-15 nm range and narrow size distributions, recent studies on melting/freezing behavior of water confined in these host matrices are reviewed. While differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) reveals a linear relationship between melting point depression and pore size (independent of the pore shape), as predicted by the Gibbs-Thomson relation, variable temperature 2H wide-line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies confirm the core-shell model of water and give evidence for a layer-by-layer freezing mechanism, which gives rise to an apparent fragile-to-strong transition in the solidification dynamics.In contrast to the freezing/melting behavior of water, the effect of nanoconfinement on the glass transition of supercooled liquids is nonuniversal and the glass transition temperature Tg can either increase or decrease with the dimensionality and extent of confinement. This nonuniversal behavior is exemplified by the two glass-forming molecular liquids, glycerol and ortho-terphenyl (OTP). While glycerol shows an increase in Tg and a pronounced slowdown of the rotational dynamics of the constituent molecules due to a change in the molecular packing between the bulk and the confined liquid, OTP displays a linear and confining-media-dependent depression of Tg with increased confinement that is strongly influenced by the pore-liquid interface characteristics.This Account concludes with a focus on recent experimental evidence of extreme spatial and dynamical heterogeneity in both freezing and glass transition processes. This discovery was enabled by the unique mesoporous structures of SBA-16 and FDU-5, possessing bimodal architectures with two interconnected pore types of different size and shape (spherical and cylindrical). For the very first time, two melting points for water and two glass transitions for supercooled OTP, corresponding to a specific pore type, were observed. Collectively, these observations strongly suggest a close mechanistic connection between the local fluctuations in the structure and dynamics of nanoconfined liquids. While the findings reviewed in this Account provide new insights into thermodynamic and kinetic transitions of fluids, there remain many unanswered questions regarding the effects of nanoconfinement on the fundamental properties of fluids, which offer exciting future opportunities in chemical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Sen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Subhash H. Risbud
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Michael H. Bartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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18
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Demuth D, Reuhl M, Hopfenmüller M, Karabas N, Schoner S, Vogel M. Confinement Effects on Glass-Forming Aqueous Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solutions. Molecules 2020; 25:E4127. [PMID: 32917011 PMCID: PMC7570821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining broadband dielectric spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance studies, we analyze the reorientation dynamics and the translational diffusion associated with the glassy slowdown of the eutectic aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide solution in nano-sized confinements, explicitly, in silica pores with different diameters and in ficoll and lysozyme matrices at different concentrations. We observe that both rotational and diffusive dynamics are slower and more heterogeneous in the confinements than in the bulk but the degree of these effects depends on the properties of the confinement and differs for the components of the solution. For the hard and the soft matrices, the slowdown and the heterogeneity become more prominent when the size of the confinement is reduced. In addition, the dynamics are more retarded for dimethyl sulfoxide than for water, implying specific guest-host interactions. Moreover, we find that the temperature dependence of the reorientation dynamics and of the translational diffusion differs in severe confinements, indicating a breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein-Debye relation. It is discussed to what extent these confinement effects can be rationalized in the framework of core-shell models, which assume bulk-like and slowed-down motions in central and interfacial confinement regions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany; (D.D.); (M.R.); (M.H.); (N.K.); (S.S.)
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19
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Wu S, Liang X, Lei Y, Yang L, Wang L, Feng J. Dynamics and Glass Transition of Supercooled Water Confined in Amphiphilic Polymer Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6039-6044. [PMID: 32649200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition of supercooled water is not well understood yet. We have observed a clear glass transition of the supercooled water confined in channel of amphiphilic polymer films at 145 K. Using NMR, we probe two types of relaxations occurred in the glass former, e.g., a rapid local β-process and a slow α-process (most likely). It is found that slow α-relaxation follows the Arrhenius relationship, indicating the glass former is a strong liquid. We also find a dynamic crossover from low-temperature Arrhenius α-process to high-temperature VFT process at 198-208 K, accompanying with simultaneous disappearing of local β-relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Youyi Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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20
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Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. Small Molecules, Non-Covalent Interactions, and Confinement. Molecules 2020; 25:E3311. [PMID: 32708283 PMCID: PMC7397022 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of small guest molecules, confined in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials by a combination of solid-state NMR and relaxometry with other physico-chemical techniques. The reported guest molecules are water, small alcohols, and carbonic acids, small aromatic and heteroaromatic molecules, ionic liquids, and surfactants. They are taken as characteristic role-models, which are representatives for the typical classes of organic molecules. It is shown that this combination delivers unique insights into the structure, arrangement, dynamics, guest-host interactions, and the binding sites in these confined systems, and is probably the most powerful analytical technique to probe these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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21
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Porion P, Delville A. A Multi-Scale Study of Water Dynamics under Confinement, Exploiting Numerical Simulations in Relation to NMR Relaxometry, PGSE and NMR Micro-Imaging Experiments: An Application to the Clay/Water Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4697. [PMID: 32630160 PMCID: PMC7369841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Water mobility within the porous network of dense clay sediments was investigated over a broad dynamical range by using 2H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multi-quanta 2H NMR spectroscopy and relaxation measurements were first performed to identify the contributions of the various relaxation mechanisms monitoring the time evolution of the nuclear magnetisation of the confined heavy water. Secondly, multi-quanta spin-locking NMR relaxation measurements were then performed over a broad frequency domain, probing the mobility of the confined water molecules on a time-scale varying between microseconds and milliseconds. Thirdly, 1H NMR pulsed-gradient spin-echo attenuation experiments were performed to quantify water mobility on a time-scale limited by the NMR transverse relaxation time of the confined NMR probe, typically a few milliseconds. Fourthly, the long living quantum state of the magnetisation of quadrupolar nuclei was exploited to probe a two-time correlation function at a time-scale reaching one second. Finally, magnetic resonance imaging measurements allow probing the same dynamical process on time-scales varying between seconds and several hours. In that context, multi-scale modelling is required to interpret these NMR measurements and extract information on the influences of the structural properties of the porous network on the apparent mobility of the diffusing water molecules. That dual experimental and numerical approach appears generalizable to a large variety of porous networks, including zeolites, micelles and synthetic or biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Porion
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN), UMR 7374, CNRS and Université d’Orléans, 1b rue de la Férollerie, CS 40059, CEDEX 2, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Alfred Delville
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN), UMR 7374, CNRS and Université d’Orléans, 1b rue de la Férollerie, CS 40059, CEDEX 2, F-45071 Orléans, France
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22
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Weigler M, Combarro-Palacios I, Cerveny S, Vogel M. On the microscopic origins of relaxation processes in aqueous peptide solutions undergoing a glass transition. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:234503. [PMID: 32571076 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We combine broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with 1H and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study molecular dynamics in mixtures of ε-polylysine with H2O or D2O. In BDS, four relaxation processes can be attributed to molecular dynamics. While the fastest process P1 obeys the Arrhenius law, the slowest process P4 shows prominent non-Arrhenius behavior typical of structural α relaxation. For the intermediate processes P2 and P3, the temperature dependence changes at the glass transition temperature Tg. The 1H and 2H NMR results yield insights into the molecular origins of these relaxation phenomena. In these NMR analyses, we exploit, in addition to the isotope selectivity of the method, the possibility to distinguish between various types of motion based on their respective line-shape effects and the capability to single out specific molecular moieties based on different spin-lattice relaxation behaviors. In this way, we reveal that process P1 results from the rotation of side and end groups of the peptide, while process P2 is caused by a reorientation of essentially all water molecules, which are quasi-isotropic and survive well below Tg. As for the peptide backbone dynamics, we find evidence that rotational motion of polar groups is involved in process P3 and that nonpolar regions show a dynamical process, which is located between P3 and P4. Thus, the NMR analyses do not yield evidence for coexisting fast peptide-decoupled and slow peptide-coupled water species, which contribute to BDS processes P2 and P3, respectively, but minor bimodality of water motion may remain undetected. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proton/deuteron exchange needs to be considered when interpreting experimental results for molecular dynamics in aqueous peptide solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Weigler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I Combarro-Palacios
- Centro de Fisica Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - S Cerveny
- Centro de Fisica Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - M Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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23
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Xia Y, Cho H, Deo M, Risbud SH, Bartl MH, Sen S. Layer-by-Layer Freezing of Nanoconfined Water. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5327. [PMID: 32210285 PMCID: PMC7093483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoconfined water plays a pivotal role in a vast number of fields ranging from biological and materials sciences to catalysis, nanofluidics and geochemistry. Here, we report the freezing and melting behavior of water (D2O) nanoconfined in architected silica-based matrices including Vycor glass and mesoporous silica SBA-15 and SBA-16 with pore diameters ranging between 4–15 nm, which are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results provide compelling evidence that the extreme dynamical heterogeneity of water molecules is preserved over distances as small as a few angstroms. Solidification progresses in a layer-by-layer fashion with a coexistence of liquid-like and solid-like dynamical fraction at all temperatures during the transition process. The previously reported fragile-to-strong dynamic transition in nanoconfined water is argued to be a direct consequence of the layer-by-layer solidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Xia
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hyeyoung Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Milind Deo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Subhash H Risbud
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Michael H Bartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sabyasachi Sen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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24
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Weigler M, Winter E, Kresse B, Brodrecht M, Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. Static field gradient NMR studies of water diffusion in mesoporous silica. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13989-13998. [PMID: 32555921 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01290d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
NMR diffusometry is used to ascertain the pore-size dependent water diffusion in MCM-41 and SBA-15 silica over broad temperature ranges. Detailed analysis of 1H and 2H NMR stimulated-echo decays reveals that fast water motion through voids between different silica particles impairs such studies in the general case. However, water diffusion inside single pores is probed in the present approach, which applies high static field gradients to enhance the spatial resolution of the experiment and uses excess water in combination with subzero temperatures to embed the silica particles in an ice matrix and, thus, to suppress interparticle water motion. It is found that the diffusion of confined water slows down by almost two orders of magnitude when the pore diameter is reduced from 5.4 nm to 2.1 nm at weak cooling. In the narrower silica pores, the temperature dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient of water is well described by an Arrhenius law with an activation energy of Ea = 0.40 eV. The Arrhenius behavior extends over a broad temperature range of at least 207-270 K, providing evidence against a fragile-to-strong crossover in response to a proposed liquid-liquid phase transition near 225 K. In the wider silica pores, partial crystallization results in a discontinuous temperature dependence. Explicitly, the diffusion coefficients drop when cooling through the pore-size dependent melting temperatures Tm of confined water. This finding can be rationalized by the fact that water can explore the whole pore volumes above Tm, but is restricted to narrow interfacial layers sandwiched between silica walls and ice crystallites below this temperature. Comparing our findings for water diffusion with previous results for water reorientation, we find significantly different temperature dependencies, indicating that the Stokes-Einstein-Debye relation is not obeyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Weigler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Edda Winter
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Kresse
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Martin Brodrecht
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
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25
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Cerveny S, Swenson J. Water dynamics in the hydration shells of biological and non-biological polymers. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:234904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5096392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Cerveny
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Material Physics Centre (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jan Swenson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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26
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Ohata Y, Kamebuchi H, Watanabe K, Kouchi T, Suzuki Y, Imaizumi T, Sugaya T, Mizuno M, Tadokoro M. Slow Dynamics of Premelting Water Molecules Confined in a Hydrophilic Nanoporous Space. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ohata
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
| | - Hajime Kamebuchi
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
| | - Keisuke Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceFukuoka University Nanakuma 8–19-1, Jyonann-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan
| | - Takaya Kouchi
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
| | - You Suzuki
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
| | - Taku Imaizumi
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sugaya
- Education Center, Faculty of EngineeringChiba Institute of Technology Shibazono 2–1-1, Narashino Chiba 275-0023 Japan
| | - Motohiro Mizuno
- Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa University, Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Makoto Tadokoro
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science Kagurazaka1-3, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 1628601 Japan
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27
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Yao Y, Fella V, Huang W, Zhang KAI, Landfester K, Butt HJ, Vogel M, Floudas G. Crystallization and Dynamics of Water Confined in Model Mesoporous Silica Particles: Two Ice Nuclei and Two Fractions of Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5890-5901. [PMID: 30946592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The crystallization and dynamics of water confined in model mesoporous silica particles (pore diameters ranging from 2.1 to 5 nm; pore length ≈ 1 μm) are studied in homogeneous aqueous suspensions by dielectric spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. We establish the phase diagram ( T vs 1/ d) of confined water covering a broad range of pore diameters. A linear dependence of the heterogeneous and the homogeneous nucleation temperatures on the inverse pore diameter is shown. The two lines converge at a pore diameter of ∼2.6 nm, below which formation of stable crystals is suppressed. By combining dielectric spectroscopy and different NMR techniques, we determine the dynamics of water within mesoporous silica over broad temperature and frequency ranges. Both techniques identify two dynamically distinguishable fractions of confined water coexisting within the pores. We attribute the two fractions to an interfacial water layer at the pore walls and confined water in the pore interior. Two alternative scenarios are proposed to rationalize the coexistence of two dynamically distinguishable water fractions. In the first scenario, two liquid fractions of water coexist under extreme confinement conditions for a range of temperatures; we discuss similarities with the two ultraviscous liquids (high-density liquid and low-density liquid) put forward for supercooled bulk water. In the second scenario, a liquid and a solid phase coexist; we conjecture that highly distorted and unstable crystal nuclei exist under extreme confinement that exhibit reorientation dynamics with time scales intermediate to the surrounding confined liquid and to bulk ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Verena Fella
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstraße 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Wei Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Kai A I Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | | | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstraße 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
- Department of Physics , University of Ioannina , P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina , Greece
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28
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Weigler M, Brodrecht M, Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. Reorientation of Deeply Cooled Water in Mesoporous Silica: NMR Studies of the Pore-Size Dependence. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2123-2134. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Weigler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Brodrecht
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G. Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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29
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Stefanutti E, Bove LE, Lelong G, Ricci MA, Soper AK, Bruni F. Ice crystallization observed in highly supercooled confined water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4931-4938. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the state of water confined in the cylindrical pores of MCM-41 type mesoporous silica, with pore diameters of 2.8 nm and 4.5 nm, over the temperature range 160–290 K by combining small angle neutron scattering and wide angle diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Stefanutti
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre
- 00146 Roma
- Italy
| | - L. E. Bove
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC
- 75005 Paris
- France
| | - G. Lelong
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC
- 75005 Paris
- France
| | - M. A. Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre
- 00146 Roma
- Italy
| | - A. K. Soper
- ISIS Department, UKRI-STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus
- Didcot
- UK
| | - F. Bruni
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre
- 00146 Roma
- Italy
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30
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Wiener CG, Qiang Z, Xia Y, Tyagi M, Vogt BD. Impact of surface wettability on dynamics of supercooled water confined in nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:28019-28025. [PMID: 30383049 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05670f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Confinement of water to nanoscale dimensions enables substantial supercooling through disruption of the hydrogen bonding network. However, there remain questions associated with the importance of the nature of the water-surface interactions relative to physical confinement defined by the pore geometry on the dynamics of supercooled water. Here, a simple route to tune the surface wetting properties through nitrogen doping of carbon is reported. This method leads to nearly indistinguishable mesopore sizes to enable separation of surface wettability and pore size effects. Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) is used to probe the proton dynamics of water confined within the mesopores with an average diameter of 4.85 ± 0.05 nm as a function of temperature from 267 K to 189 K. The motions of water in the mesopores follow jump-diffusion. For the temperatures examined, the diffusivity of water in the mesopores decreases with increasing nitrogen doping of the carbon framework. The activation energy associated with proton dynamics increases by approximately 30% with N-doping when compared to the undoped carbon surface, which is attributed to the enhanced surface wettability (favorable interactions between water and pore surface). This acts to provide an energy barrier for the water motions. This work suggests that the influence of surface chemistry on the dynamics of supercooled water confined in mesopores is less than the influence of nanopore size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton G Wiener
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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31
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Yu HB, Yang MH, Sun Y, Zhang F, Liu JB, Wang CZ, Ho KM, Richert R, Samwer K. Fundamental Link between β Relaxation, Excess Wings, and Cage-Breaking in Metallic Glasses. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5877-5883. [PMID: 30240226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In glassy materials, the Johari-Goldstein secondary (β) relaxation is crucial to many properties as it is directly related to local atomic motions. However, a long-standing puzzle remains elusive: why some glasses exhibit β relaxations as pronounced peaks while others present as unobvious excess wings? Using microsecond atomistic simulation of two model metallic glasses (MGs), we demonstrate that such a difference is associated with the number of string-like collective atomic jumps. Relative to that of excess wings, we find that MGs having pronounced β relaxations contain larger numbers of such jumps. Structurally, they are promoted by the higher tendency of cage-breaking events of their neighbors. Our results provide atomistic insights for different signatures of the β relaxation that could be helpful for understanding the low-temperature dynamics and properties of MGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bin Yu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , WuHan , Hubei 430074 , China
| | - Meng-Hao Yang
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yang Sun
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Feng Zhang
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Jian-Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - C Z Wang
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Department of Physics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - K M Ho
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Department of Physics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Ranko Richert
- School of Molecular Sciences , Arizona State University , Tempe , Arizona 85287 , United States
| | - Konrad Samwer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
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32
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Schneider S, Vogel M. NMR studies on the coupling of ion and water dynamics on various time and length scales in glass-forming LiCl aqueous solutions. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:104501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5047825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Schneider
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M. Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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33
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Mallamace F, Corsaro C, Longo S, Chen SH, Mallamace D. The evaluation of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions and their effect in water-methanol solutions: A study in terms of the thermodynamic state functions in the frame of the transition state theory. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:193-200. [PMID: 29352638 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of amphiphilic molecules are characterized by the competition between hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions have a different energetic dependence with the temperature. Whereas hydrophilic interactions have been well characterized, a complete theory for the hydrophobic ones is still lacking as well as the comprehension of the effect that the solvent exerts on the solute and vice versa. In this paper from the measured relaxation time, we evaluated the thermodynamic state functions of water-methanol solutions in the frame of the transition state theory. In particular we study the behavior of the Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of water, methanol and some of their solutions as a function of both temperature and water molar fraction. Our results indicate that the temperature of about 280 K represents a crossover between two regions dominated by hydrophobicity (high T) and hydrophilicity (low T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mallamace
- MIFT Department, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes IPCF-CNR of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy; NSE Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Carmelo Corsaro
- MIFT Department, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes IPCF-CNR of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Sveva Longo
- MIFT Department, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sow-Hsin Chen
- NSE Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Domenico Mallamace
- MIFT Department, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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34
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Abstract
Abstract
Effects of interfaces on hydrogen-bonded liquids play major roles in nature and technology. Despite their importance, a fundamental understanding of these effects is still lacking. In large parts, this shortcoming is due to the high complexity of these systems, leading to an interference of various interactions and effects. Therefore, it is advisable to take gradual approaches, which start from well designed and defined model systems and systematically increase the level of intricacy towards more complex mimetics. Moreover, it is necessary to combine insights from a multitude of methods, in particular, to link novel preparation strategies and comprehensive experimental characterization with inventive computational and theoretical modeling. Such concerted approach was taken by a group of preparative, experimentally, and theoretically working scientists in the framework of Research Unit FOR 1583 funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation). This special issue summarizes the outcome of this collaborative research. In this introductory article, we give an overview of the covered topics and the main results of the whole consortium. The following contributions are review articles or original works of individual research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64295 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Roland Winter
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie , Technische Universität Dortmund , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
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35
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Demuth D, Sattig M, Steinrücken E, Weigler M, Vogel M. 2H NMR Studies on the Dynamics of Pure and Mixed Hydrogen-Bonded Liquids in Confinement. Z PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
2H NMR is used to ascertain dynamical behaviors of pure and mixed hydrogen-bonded liquids in bulk and in confinement. Detailed comparisons of previous and new results in broad dynamic and temperature ranges reveal that confinement effects differ for various liquids and confinements. For water, molecular reorientation strongly depends on the confinement size, with much slower and less fragile structural relaxation under more severe geometrical restriction. Moreover, a dynamical crossover occurs when a fraction of solid water forms so that the dynamics of the fraction of liquid water becomes even more restricted and, as a consequence, changes from bulk-like to interface-dominated. For glycerol, by contrast, confinement has weak effects on the reorientation dynamics. Mixed hydrogen-bonded liquids show even more complex dynamical behaviors. For aqueous solutions, the temperature dependence of the structural relaxation becomes discontinuous when the concentration changes due to a freezing of water fractions. This tendency for partial crystallization is enhanced rather than reduced by confinement, because different liquid-matrix interactions of the molecular species induce micro-phase segregation, which facilitates ice formation in water-rich regions. In addition, dynamical couplings at solvent-protein interfaces are discussed. It is shown that, on the one hand, solvent dynamics are substantially slowed down at protein surfaces and, on the other hand, protein dynamics significantly depend on the composition and, thus, the viscosity of the solvent. Furthermore, a protein dynamical transition occurs when the amplitude of water-coupled restricted backbone dynamics vanishes upon cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Demuth
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Matthias Sattig
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Elisa Steinrücken
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Max Weigler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
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36
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Weigler M, Brodrecht M, Breitzke H, Dietrich F, Sattig M, Buntkowsky G, Vogel M. 2H NMR Studies on Water Dynamics in Functionalized Mesoporous Silica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mesoporous silica MCM-41 is prepared, for which the inner surfaces are modified by 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) in a controlled manner. Nitrogen gas adsorpition yields a pore diameter of 2.2 nm for the APTES functionalized MCM-41. 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) provide detailed and consistent insights into the temperature-dependent reorientation dynamics of water in this confinement. We find that a liquid water species becomes accompanied by a solid water species when cooling through ~210 K, as indicated by an onset of bimodal 2H spin-lattice relaxation. The reorientation of the liquid water species is governed by pronounced dynamical heterogeneity in the whole temperature range. Its temperature dependence shows a mild dynamic crossover when the solid water species emerges and, hence, the volume accessible to the liquid water species further shrinks. Therefore, we attribute this variation in the temperature dependence to a change from bulk-like behavior towards interface-dominated dynamics. Below this dynamic crossover, 2H line-shape and stimulted-echo studies show that water reorientation becomes anisotropic upon cooling, suggesting that these NMR approaches, but also BDS measurements do no longer probe the structural (α) relaxation, but rather a secondary (β) relaxation of water at sufficiently low temperatures. Then, another dynamic crossover at ~180 K can be rationalized in terms of a change of the temperature dependence of the β relaxation in response to a glassy freezing of the α relaxation of confined water. Comparing these results for APTES modied MCM-41 with previous findings for mesoporous silica with various pore diameters, we obtain valuable information about the dependence of water dynamics in restricted geometries on the size of the nanoscopic confinements and the properties of the inner surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Weigler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Martin Brodrecht
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische unf Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Hergen Breitzke
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische unf Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Felix Dietrich
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Matthias Sattig
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische unf Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstr. 6 , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
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37
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Swenson J. Possible relations between supercooled and glassy confined water and amorphous bulk ice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:30095-30103. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05688a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A proposed relaxation scenario of bulk water based on studies of confined water and low density amorphous ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Swenson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology
- SE-412 96 Göteborg
- Sweden
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38
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Brodrecht M, Klotz E, Lederle C, Breitzke H, Stühn B, Vogel M, Buntkowsky G. A Combined Solid-State NMR, Dielectric Spectroscopy and Calorimetric Study of Water in Lowly Hydrated MCM-41 Samples. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The processes of drying mesoporous silica materials and their refilling with water have been examined by magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR, broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It is shown that different drying protocols strongly influence the amount and types of hydroxy-species inside the pores. It is found that a very good vacuum (≈10−6 bar) is necessary to remove all H2O molecules from the silica matrices in order to accurately refill them with very low amounts of water such as e.g. a mono- or submonolayer coverage of the surface. Time-dependent 1H-NMR-spectra recorded after loading the samples indicate a very specific course of water first existing in a bulk-like form inside the pores and then distributing itself through the pores by hydrogen bonding to surface silanol groups. After assuring accurate sample loading, we were able to investigate lowly hydrated samples of water confined in MCM-41 via DCS and BDS at temperatures below the freezing point of free bulk-water (0°C) and find two non-crystallizing water species with Arrhenius behavior and activation energies of 0.53 eV (51.1 kJ/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Brodrecht
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Edda Klotz
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Christina Lederle
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Hergen Breitzke
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64289 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Technische Universität Darmstadt , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
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39
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Lannert M, Müller A, Gouirand E, Talluto V, Rosenstihl M, Walther T, Stühn B, Blochowicz T, Vogel M. Glycerol in micellar confinement with tunable rigidity. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:234511. [PMID: 28010095 DOI: 10.1063/1.4972009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the glassy dynamics of glycerol in the confinement of a microemulsion system, which is stable on cooling down to the glass transition of its components. By changing the composition, we vary the viscosity of the matrix, while keeping the confining geometry intact, as is demonstrated by small angle X-ray scattering. By means of 2H NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, and triplet solvation dynamics we, thus, probe the dynamics of glycerol in confinements of varying rigidity. 2H NMR results show that, at higher temperatures, the dynamics of confined glycerol is unchanged compared to bulk behavior, while the reorientation of glycerol molecules becomes significantly faster than in the bulk in the deeply supercooled regime. However, comparison of different 2H NMR findings with data from calorimetry and solvation dynamics reveals that this acceleration is not due to the changed structural relaxation of glycerol, but rather due to the rotational motion of essentially rigid glycerol droplets or of aggregates of such droplets in a more fluid matrix. Thus, independent of the matrix mobility, the glycerol dynamics remains unchanged except for the smallest droplets, where an increase of Tg and, thus, a slowdown of the structural relaxation is observed even in a fluid matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lannert
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Allyn Müller
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Gouirand
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Talluto
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Rosenstihl
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Walther
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Blochowicz
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- TU Darmstadt, Institut für Festkörperphysik, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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40
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Schmitz R, Müller N, Ullmann S, Vogel M. A molecular dynamics simulations study on ethylene glycol-water mixtures in mesoporous silica. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:104703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4962240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Schmitz
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Niels Müller
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Svenja Ullmann
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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41
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Miyatou T, Ohashi R, Ida T, Kittaka S, Mizuno M. An NMR study on the mechanisms of freezing and melting of water confined in spherically mesoporous silicas SBA-16. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:18555-62. [PMID: 27346613 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03111k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic and dynamic properties of water confined in mesoporous silica glass SBA-16 were investigated by DSC, and (1,2)H NMR spectroscopy and (2)H NMR spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) as a function of pore size. SBA-16 possesses the main spherical pores, interconnecting channels and micropores (corona). Water in the characteristic spherical pores of SBA-16 freezes at the homogeneous nucleation temperature of water. Between room and freezing temperatures, the correlation time of the isotropic rotation of water in the pores of SBA-16 followed the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) relation, which reflects the formation and growth of clusters of fragile water for changing to the strong water. The vitrification of water in micropores around 200 K was observed by (2)H NMR. Above 200 K, the correlation time of the rotation of water in micropores exhibited non-Arrhenius behavior, which is correlated with the gradual decrease in the mobility of water due to the growth of hydrogen bonding, forming low density water before vitrification. After vitrification, the activation energy of the rotation of water in micropores was 25-33 kJ mol(-1), which was similar to that in ice Ih for all samples. The freedom of cluster formation and water rotation increased with the increasing the pore size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Miyatou
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
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42
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Mallamace F, Corsaro C, Mallamace D, Vasi C, Vasi S, Stanley HE. Dynamical properties of water-methanol solutions. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:064506. [PMID: 26874496 DOI: 10.1063/1.4941414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the relaxation times tα in the water-methanol system. We examine new data and data from the literature in the large temperature range 163 < T < 335 K obtained using different experimental techniques and focus on how tα affects the hydrogen bond structure of the system and the hydrophobicity of the alcohol methyl group. We examine the relaxation times at a fixed temperature as a function of the water molar fraction XW and observe two opposite behaviors in their curvature when the system moves from high to low T regimes. This behavior differs from that of an ideal solution in that it has excess values located at different molar fractions (XW = 0.5 for high T and 0.75 in the deep supercooled regime). We analyze the data and find that above a crossover temperature T ∼ 223 K, hydrophobicity plays a significant role and below it the water tetrahedral network dominates. This temperature is coincident with the fragile-to-strong dynamical crossover observed in confined water and supports the liquid-liquid phase transition hypothesis. At the same time, the reported data suggest that this crossover temperature (identified as the Widom line temperature) also depends on the alcohol concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mallamace
- Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Corsaro
- Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Mallamace
- Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Unità di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Cirino Vasi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-IPCF Messina, I-98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vasi
- Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - H Eugene Stanley
- Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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43
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Liu N, Higashi K, Kikuchi J, Ando S, Kameta N, Ding W, Masuda M, Shimizu T, Ueda K, Yamamoto K, Moribe K. Molecular-Level Understanding of the Encapsulation and Dissolution of Poorly Water-Soluble Ibuprofen by Functionalized Organic Nanotubes Using Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4496-507. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenjirou Higashi
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuchi
- Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ando
- Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futaba-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Keisuke Ueda
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Keiji Yamamoto
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Moribe
- Graduate School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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44
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Demontis P, Gulín-González J, Masia M, Sant M, Suffritti GB. The interplay between dynamic heterogeneities and structure of bulk liquid water: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Chem Phys 2016; 142:244507. [PMID: 26133441 DOI: 10.1063/1.4922930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to study the interplay between dynamical heterogeneities and structural properties of bulk liquid water in the temperature range 130-350 K, thus including the supercooled regime, we use the explicit trend of the distribution functions of some molecular properties, namely, the rotational relaxation constants, the atomic mean-square displacements, the relaxation of the cross correlation functions between the linear and squared displacements of H and O atoms of each molecule, the tetrahedral order parameter q and, finally, the number of nearest neighbors (NNs) and of hydrogen bonds (HBs) per molecule. Two different potentials are considered: TIP4P-Ew and a model developed in this laboratory for the study of nanoconfined water. The results are similar for the dynamical properties, but are markedly different for the structural characteristics. In particular, for temperatures higher than that of the dynamic crossover between "fragile" (at higher temperatures) and "strong" (at lower temperatures) liquid behaviors detected around 207 K, the rotational relaxation of supercooled water appears to be remarkably homogeneous. However, the structural parameters (number of NNs and of HBs, as well as q) do not show homogeneous distributions, and these distributions are different for the two water models. Another dynamic crossover between "fragile" (at lower temperatures) and "strong" (at higher temperatures) liquid behaviors, corresponding to the one found experimentally at T(∗) ∼ 315 ± 5 K, was spotted at T(∗) ∼ 283 K and T(∗) ∼ 276 K for the TIP4P-Ew and the model developed in this laboratory, respectively. It was detected from the trend of Arrhenius plots of dynamic quantities and from the onset of a further heterogeneity in the rotational relaxation. To our best knowledge, it is the first time that this dynamical crossover is detected in computer simulations of bulk water. On the basis of the simulation results, the possible mechanisms of the two crossovers at molecular level are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfranco Demontis
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Jorge Gulín-González
- Grupo de Matemática y Física Computacionales, Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI), Carretera a San Antonio de los Baños, Km 21/2, La Lisa, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Marco Masia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Sant
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe B Suffritti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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45
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Cerveny S, Mallamace F, Swenson J, Vogel M, Xu L. Confined Water as Model of Supercooled Water. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7608-25. [PMID: 26940794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water in confined geometries has obvious relevance in biology, geology, and other areas where the material properties are strongly dependent on the amount and behavior of water in these types of materials. Another reason to restrict the size of water domains by different types of geometrical confinements has been the possibility to study the structural and dynamical behavior of water in the deeply supercooled regime (e.g., 150-230 K at ambient pressure), where bulk water immediately crystallizes to ice. In this paper we give a short review of studies with this particular goal. However, from these studies it is also clear that the interpretations of the experimental data are far from evident. Therefore, we present three main interpretations to explain the experimental data, and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Unfortunately, none of the proposed scenarios is able to predict all the observations for supercooled and glassy bulk water, indicating that either the structural and dynamical alterations of confined water are too severe to make predictions for bulk water or the differences in how the studied water has been prepared (applied cooling rate, resulting density of the water, etc.) are too large for direct and quantitative comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Cerveny
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM CSIC/EHU) - Material Physics Centre (MPC) , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Francesco Mallamace
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Messina , Vill. S. Agata, CP 55, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Jan Swenson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Limei Xu
- International Centre for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University , , Beijing 100871, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100871, China
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46
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Characteristic features of water dynamics in restricted geometries investigated with quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Mallamace F, Corsaro C, Mallamace D, Vasi C, Vasi S, Stanley HE. Some Considerations on Confined Water: The Thermal Behavior of Transport Properties in Water-Glycerol and Water-Methanol Mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1557/adv.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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48
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Suzuki Y, Steinhart M, Graf R, Butt HJ, Floudas G. Dynamics of Ice/Water Confined in Nanoporous Alumina. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14814-20. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Suzuki
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institut
für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - George Floudas
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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49
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Roos YH, Potes N. Quantification of Protein Hydration, Glass Transitions, and Structural Relaxations of Aqueous Protein and Carbohydrate–Protein Systems. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:7077-86. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yrjö H. Roos
- School of Food and Nutritional
Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Naritchaya Potes
- School of Food and Nutritional
Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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50
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Swenson J, Cerveny S. Dynamics of deeply supercooled interfacial water. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:033102. [PMID: 25437331 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/3/033102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this review we discuss the relaxation dynamics of glassy and deeply supercooled water in different types of systems. We compare the dynamics of such interfacial water in ordinary aqueous solutions, hard confinements and biological soft materials. In all these types of systems the dielectric relaxation time of the main water process exhibits a dynamic crossover from a high-temperature non-Arrhenius temperature dependence to a low-temperature Arrhenius behavior. Moreover, at large enough water content the low-temperature process is universal and exhibits the same temperature behavior in all types of systems. However, the physical nature of the dynamic crossover is somewhat different for the different types of systems. In ordinary aqueous solutions it is not even a proper dynamic crossover, since the water relaxation decouples from the cooperative α-relaxation of the solution slightly above the glass transition in the same way as all secondary (β) relaxations of glass-forming materials. In hard confinements, the physical origin of the dynamic crossover is not fully clear, but it seems to occur when the cooperative main relaxation of water at high temperatures reaches a temperature where the volume required for its cooperative motion exceeds the size of the geometrically-confined water cluster. Due to this confinement effect the α-like main relaxation of the confined water seems to transform to a more local β-relaxation with decreasing temperature. Since this low-temperature β-relaxation is universal for all systems at high water content it is possible that it can be considered as an intrinsic β-relaxation of supercooled water, including supercooled bulk water. This possibility, together with other findings for deeply supercooled interfacial water, suggests that the most accepted relaxation scenarios for supercooled bulk water have to be altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Swenson
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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