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Rondelli V, Koutsioubas A, Pršić J, Deboever E, Crowet JM, Lins L, Deleu M. Sitosterol and glucosylceramide cooperative transversal and lateral uneven distribution in plant membranes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21618. [PMID: 34732753 PMCID: PMC8566578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of biomembranes depend on the presence, local structure and relative distribution assumed by the thousands of components it is made of. As for animal cells, plant membranes have been demonstrated to be organized in subdomains with different persistence lengths and times. In plant cells, sitosterol has been demonstrated to confer to phospholipid membranes a more ordered structure while among lipids, glycosphingolipids are claimed to form rafts where they tightly pack with sterols. Glucosylceramides are glycosphingolipids involved in plant signalling and are essential for viability of cells and whole plant. The glucosylceramide-sitosterol structural coupling within PLPC membranes is here investigated by Langmuir films, in silico simulations and neutron reflectometry, unveiling that a strong direct interaction between the two molecules exists and governs their lateral and transversal distribution within membrane leaflets. The understanding of the driving forces governing specific molecules clustering and segregation in subdomains, such as glucosylceramide and sitosterol, have an impact on the mechanical properties of biomembranes and could reflect in the other membrane molecules partitioning and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rondelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Koutsioubas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany.
| | - J Pršić
- Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory (MiPI), TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - E Deboever
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,Laboratory of Natural Molecules Chemistry, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.,FytoFend S.A., rue Georges Legrand, 6, 5032, Isnes, Belgium
| | - J M Crowet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France
| | - L Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - M Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
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Supported Planar Single and Multiple Bilayer Formation by DOPC Vesicle Rupture on Mica Substrate: A Mechanism as Revealed by Atomic Force Microscopy Study. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:205-219. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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3
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Lind TK, Skoda MWA, Cárdenas M. Formation and Characterization of Supported Lipid Bilayers Composed of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Phosphatidylglycerol by Vesicle Fusion, a Simple but Relevant Model for Bacterial Membranes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10687-10694. [PMID: 31460166 PMCID: PMC6648305 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are simple and robust biomimics with controlled lipid composition that are widely used as models of both mammalian and bacterial membranes. However, the lipids typically used for SLB formation poorly resemble those of bacterial cell membranes due to the lack of available protocols to form SLBs using mixtures of lipids relevant for bacteria such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). Although a few reports have been published recently on the formation of SLBs from Escherichia coli lipid extracts, a detailed understanding of these systems is challenging due to the complexity of the lipid composition in such natural extracts. Here, we present for the first time a simple and reliable protocol optimized to form high-quality SLBs using mixtures of PE and PG at compositions relevant for Gram-negative membranes. We show using neutron reflection and quartz microbalance not only that Ca2+ ions and temperature are key parameters for successful bilayer deposition but also that mass transfer to the surface is a limiting factor. Continuous flow of the lipid suspension is thus crucial for obtaining full SLB coverage. We furthermore characterize the resulting bilayers and report structural parameters, for the first time for PE and PG mixtures, which are in good agreement with those reported earlier for pure POPE vesicles. With this protocol in place, more suitable and reproducible studies can be conducted to understand biomolecular processes occurring at cell membranes, for example, for testing specificities and to unravel the mechanism of interaction of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Kjellerup Lind
- Biofilms Research
Centre for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty
of Health and Society, Malmo University, Malmo 20506, Sweden
| | | | - Marité Cárdenas
- Biofilms Research
Centre for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty
of Health and Society, Malmo University, Malmo 20506, Sweden
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Mumtaz Virk M, Hofmann B, Reimhult E. Formation and Characteristics of Lipid-Blended Block Copolymer Bilayers on a Solid Support Investigated by Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Atomic Force Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:739-749. [PMID: 30580525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes grafted with polymer have long been used in drug delivery applications, and block copolymersomes have emerged as attractive and more robust alternatives for both drug delivery and artificial organelle applications. Hybrid membranes that could combine the respective advantages of fluid lipid and robust polymer bilayers are an attractive and enticing alternative. The properties of membranes in amphiphile vesicles are challenging to study and many applications benefit from surface-based access to the membrane. We therefore explore the self-assembly and mechanical properties of supported hybrid bilayers (SHBs) composed of polybutadiene- block-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers and zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine lipids on SiO2 supports. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements show that formation of SHB on SiO2 by vesicle fusion depends on the mass fractions of lipids and block copolymers. Atomic force microscopy was used to study the microscopic mixing of lipids in the SHB to reveal that lipid-phase separation is not observed in SHBs. Force spectroscopy was performed to extract information about thickness and mechanical properties of the hybrid membranes. SHBs are shown to combine the properties of lipid membranes and polymer brushes, and the tip force required to rupture the membrane decreases and the bilayer thickness increases as the block copolymer fraction is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Mumtaz Virk
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Benedikt Hofmann
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
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Kurniawan J, Ventrici de Souza JF, Dang AT, Liu GY, Kuhl TL. Preparation and Characterization of Solid-Supported Lipid Bilayers Formed by Langmuir-Blodgett Deposition: A Tutorial. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15622-15639. [PMID: 30465730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The structure, phase behavior, and properties of cellular membranes are derived from their composition, which includes phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and proteins with various levels of glycosylation. Because of the intricate nature of cellular membranes, a plethora of in vitro studies have been carried out with model membrane systems that capture particular properties such as fluidity, permeability, and protein binding but vastly simplify the membrane composition in order to focus in detail on a specialized property or function. Supported lipid bilayers (SLB) are widely used as archetypes for cellular membranes, and this instructional review primarily focuses on the preparation and characterization of SLB systems formed by Langmuir deposition methods. Typical characterization methods, which take advantage of the planar orientation of SLBs, are illustrated, and references that go into more depth are included. This invited instructional review is written so that nonexperts can quickly gain in-depth knowledge regarding the preparation and characterization of SLBs. In addition, this work goes beyond traditional instructional reviews to provide expert readers with new results that cover a wider range of SLB systems than those previously reported in the literature. The quality of an SLB is frequently not well described, and details such as topological defects can influence the results and conclusions of an individual study. This article quantifies and compares the quality of SLBs fabricated from a variety of gel and fluid compositions, in correlation with preparation techniques and parameters, to generate general rules of thumb to guide the construction of designed SLB systems.
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Waldie S, Lind TK, Browning K, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Forsyth VT, Luchini A, Strohmeier GA, Pichler H, Maric S, Cárdenas M. Localization of Cholesterol within Supported Lipid Bilayers Made of a Natural Extract of Tailor-Deuterated Phosphatidylcholine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:472-479. [PMID: 29232134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential component of mammalian membranes and is known to induce a series of physicochemical changes in the lipid bilayer. Such changes include the formation of liquid-ordered phases with an increased thickness and a configurational order as compared to liquid-disordered phases. For saturated lipid membranes, cholesterol molecules localize close to the lipid head group-tail interface. However, the presence of polyunsaturated lipids was recently shown to promote relocation of cholesterol toward the inner interface between the two bilayer leaflets. Here, neutron reflection is used to study the location of cholesterol (both non-deuterated and per-deuterated versions are used) within supported lipid bilayers composed of a natural mixture of phosphatidylcholine (PC). The lipids were produced in a genetically modified strain of Escherichia coli and grown under specific deuterated conditions to give an overall neutron scattering length density (which depends on the level of deuteration) of the lipids matching that of D2O. The combination of solvent contrast variation method with specific deuteration shows that cholesterol is located closer to the lipid head group-tail interface in this natural PC extract rather than in the center of the core of the bilayer as seen for very thin or polyunsaturated membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Waldie
- Life Sciences Group, Institute Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Biofilm-Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University , Malmö 20506 Sweden
| | - Tania K Lind
- Biofilm-Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University , Malmö 20506 Sweden
| | - Kathryn Browning
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University , Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Martine Moulin
- Life Sciences Group, Institute Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Haertlein
- Life Sciences Group, Institute Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - V Trevor Forsyth
- Life Sciences Group, Institute Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University , Staffordshire ST5 5BG, U.K
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- Institute Laue-Langevin , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gernot A Strohmeier
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology , Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, NAWI Graz , Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology , Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz , Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Selma Maric
- Biofilm-Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University , Malmö 20506 Sweden
| | - Marité Cárdenas
- Biofilm-Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University , Malmö 20506 Sweden
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Michel JP, Wang YX, Kiesel I, Gerelli Y, Rosilio V. Disruption of Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer Models Mimicking the Outer Membrane of Gram-Negative Bacteria by an Active Plasticin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:11028-11039. [PMID: 28921990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a complex and asymmetric bilayer that antimicrobial peptides must disrupt in order to provoke the cell lysis. The inner and external leaflets of the OM are mainly composed of phospholipids (PL), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively. Supported lipid bilayers are interesting model systems to mimic the lipid asymmetric scaffold of the OM and determine the quantitative and mechanistic effect of antimicrobial agents, using complementary physicochemical techniques. We report the formation of asymmetric PL/LPS bilayers using the Langmuir-Blodgett/Langmuir-Schaefer technique on two different surfaces (sapphire and mica) with synthetic phospholipids constituting the inner leaflet and bacteria-extracted mutant LPS making up the outer one. The combination of neutron reflectometry and atomic force microscopy techniques allowed the examination of the asymmetric scaffold structure along the normal to the interface and its surface morphology in buffer conditions. Our results allow discrimination of two structurally related peptides, one neutral and inactive, and the other cationic and active. The active cationic plasticin PTCDA1-KF disrupts the asymmetric OM at relevant concentrations through a carpeting scenario characterized by a dramatic removal of lipid molecules from the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Michel
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- CNRS, UMR 8612, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Y X Wang
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- CNRS, UMR 8612, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - I Kiesel
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Y Gerelli
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - V Rosilio
- Institut Galien Paris Sud, Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- CNRS, UMR 8612, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Bodescu MA, Rosenkötter F, Fritz J. Time lapse AFM on vesicle formation from mixed lipid bilayers induced by the membrane-active peptide melittin. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6845-6851. [PMID: 28829104 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Melittin is a model system for the action of antimicrobial peptides which are potential candidates for novel antibiotics. We investigated the membrane lysis effect of melittin on phase-separated supported lipid bilayers (DOPC-DPPC) by atomic force microscopy. AFM images show that the peptide first forms defects at the interface between the two lipid phases and then degrades preferentially the liquid-phase DOPC-enriched domains. Vesicular structures of 10-20 nm radius were observed to form, suggesting a mixed carpet-toroidal model mechanism for the resolved action of melittin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Bodescu
- Jacobs University Bremen, Department of Physics & Earth Sciences, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
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Khan MS, Dosoky NS, Patel D, Weimer J, Williams JD. Lipid Bilayer Membrane in a Silicon Based Micron Sized Cavity Accessed by Atomic Force Microscopy and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. BIOSENSORS 2017; 7:E26. [PMID: 28678160 PMCID: PMC5618032 DOI: 10.3390/bios7030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are widely used in biophysical research to probe the functionality of biological membranes and to provide diagnoses in high throughput drug screening. Formation of SLBs at below phase transition temperature (Tm) has applications in nano-medicine research where low temperature profiles are required. Herein, we report the successful production of SLBs at above-as well as below-the Tm of the lipids in an anisotropically etched, silicon-based micro-cavity. The Si-based cavity walls exhibit controlled temperature which assist in the quick and stable formation of lipid bilayer membranes. Fusion of large unilamellar vesicles was monitored in real time in an aqueous environment inside the Si cavity using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the lateral organization of the lipid molecules was characterized until the formation of the SLBs. The stability of SLBs produced was also characterized by recording the electrical resistance and the capacitance using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Analysis was done in the frequency regime of 10-2-10⁵ Hz at a signal voltage of 100 mV and giga-ohm sealed impedance was obtained continuously over four days. Finally, the cantilever tip in AFM was utilized to estimate the bilayer thickness and to calculate the rupture force at the interface of the tip and the SLB. We anticipate that a silicon-based, micron-sized cavity has the potential to produce highly-stable SLBs below their Tm. The membranes inside the Si cavity could last for several days and allow robust characterization using AFM or EIS. This could be an excellent platform for nanomedicine experiments that require low operating temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shuja Khan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - Noura Sayed Dosoky
- Biotechnology Science and Engineering Program, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - Darayas Patel
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Oakwood University, Huntsville, AL 35896, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Weimer
- Chemistry/Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - John Dalton Williams
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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Bunker A, Magarkar A, Viitala T. Rational design of liposomal drug delivery systems, a review: Combined experimental and computational studies of lipid membranes, liposomes and their PEGylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2334-2352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Understanding the formation of supported lipid bilayers via vesicle fusion—A case that exemplifies the need for the complementary method approach (Review). Biointerphases 2016; 11:020801. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4944830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Quirk A, Lardner MJ, Tun Z, Burgess IJ. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy and Neutron Reflectivity Studies of Ubiquinone in Hybrid Bilayer Membranes under Potential Control. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:2225-2235. [PMID: 26867110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced infrared adsorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) and neutron reflectometry (NR) were employed to characterize ubiquinone (UQ) containing hybrid bilayer membranes. The biomimetic membrane was prepared by fusing phospholipid vesicles on a hydrophobic octadecanethiol monolayer self-assembled on a thin gold film. Using SEIRAS, the assembly of the membrane is monitored in situ. The presence of ubiquinone is verified by the characteristic carbonyl peaks from the quinone ester. A well-ordered distal lipid leaflet results from fusion of vesicles with and without the addition of ubiquinone. With applied potential, the hybrid bilayer membrane in the absence of UQ behaves in the same way as previously reported solid supported phospholipid membranes. When ubiquinone is incorporated in the membrane, electric field induced changes in the distal leaflet are suppressed. Changes in the infrared vibrations of the ubiquinone due to applied potential indicate the head groups are located in both polar and nonpolar environments. The spectroscopic data reveal that the isoprenoid unit of the ubiquinone is likely lying in the midplane of the lipid bilayer while the head has some freedom to move within the hydrophobic core. The SEIRAS experiments show redox behavior of UQ incorporated in a model lipid membrane that are otherwise inaccessible with traditional electrochemistry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Quirk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Michael J Lardner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Zin Tun
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Chalk River Laboratories , Chalk River, ON, Canada K0J 1J0
| | - Ian J Burgess
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
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Diamanti E, Cuellar L, Gregurec D, Moya SE, Donath E. Role of Hydrogen Bonding and Polyanion Composition in the Formation of Lipid Bilayers on Top of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:8623-8632. [PMID: 26158307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of mixed vesicles of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) and anionic phosphatidylserine (PS) phospholipids on top of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), as a polycation, and polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), as a polyanion, is investigated as a function of the vesicle composition by means of the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and atomic force spectroscopy (AFS). Vesicles with molar percentages of PS between 50% and 70% result in the formation of lipid bilayers on top of the PEMs. Vesicles with over 50% of PC or over 80% of PS do not assembly into bilayers. AFS studies performed with a PAH-modified cantilever approaching and retracting from the lipid assemblies reveal that the main interaction between PAH and the lipids takes place through hydrogen bonding between the amine groups of PAH and the carboxylate and phosphate groups of PS and with the phosphate groups of PC. The interaction of PAH with PS is much stronger than with PC. AFS measurements on assemblies with 50% PC and 50% PS revealed similar adhesion forces to pure PS assemblies, but the PAH chains can reorganize much better on the lipids as a consequence of the presence of PC. QCM-D experiments show that vesicles with a lipid composition of 50% PC and 50% PS do not form bilayers if PSS is replaced by alginate (Alg) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Diamanti
- †Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Marimón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - L Cuellar
- ‡Institute of Biophysics and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Gregurec
- †Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Marimón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - S E Moya
- †Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Marimón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - E Donath
- ‡Institute of Biophysics and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Drazenovic J, Ahmed S, Tuzinkiewicz NM, Wunder SL. Lipid exchange and transfer on nanoparticle supported lipid bilayers: effect of defects, ionic strength, and size. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:721-31. [PMID: 25425021 DOI: 10.1021/la503967m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipid exchange/transfer has been compared for zwitterionic 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-d54-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) and for the same lipids on silica (SiO2) nanoparticle supported lipid bilayers (NP-SLBs) as a function of ionic strength, temperature, temperature cycling, and NP size, above the main gel-to-liquid crystal phase transition temperature, Tm, using d- and h-DMPC and DPPC. Increasing ionic strength decreases the exchange kinetics for the SUVs, but more so for the NP-SLBs, due to better packing of the lipids and increased attraction between the lipid and support. When the NP-SLBs (or SUVs) are cycled above and below Tm, the exchange rate increases compared with exchange at the same temperature without cycling, for similar total times, suggesting that defects provide sites for more facile removal and thus exchange of lipids. Defects can occur: (i) at the phase boundaries between coexisting gel and fluid phases at Tm; (ii) in bare regions of exposed SiO2 that form during NP-SLB formation due to mismatched surface areas of lipid and NPs; and (iii) during cycling as the result of changes in area of the lipids at Tm and mismatched thermal expansion coefficient between the lipids and SiO2 support. Exchange rates are faster for NP-SLBs prepared with the nominal amount of lipid required to form a NP-SLB compared with NP-SLBs that have been prepared with excess lipids to minimize SiO2 patches. Nanosystems prepared with equimolar mixtures of NP-SLBs composed of d-DMPC (d(DMPC)-NP-SLB) and SUVs composed of h-DMPC (h(DMPC)-SUV) show that the calorimetric transition of the "donor" h(DMPC)-SUV decreases in intensity without an initial shift in Tm, indicating that the "acceptor" d(DMPC)-NP-SLB can accommodate more lipids, through either further fusion or insertion of lipids into the distal monolayer. Exchange for d/h(DMPC)-NP-SLB is in the order 100 nm SiO2 > 45 nm SiO2 > 5 nm SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Drazenovic
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University , Philadephia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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16
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Deleu M, Crowet JM, Nasir MN, Lins L. Complementary biophysical tools to investigate lipid specificity in the interaction between bioactive molecules and the plasma membrane: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:3171-3190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Mashaghi A, Mashaghi S, Reviakine I, Heeren RMA, Sandoghdar V, Bonn M. Label-free characterization of biomembranes: from structure to dynamics. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:887-900. [PMID: 24253187 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We review recent progress in the study of the structure and dynamics of phospholipid membranes and associated proteins, using novel label-free analytical tools. We describe these techniques and illustrate them with examples highlighting current capabilities and limitations. Recent advances in applying such techniques to biological and model membranes for biophysical studies and biosensing applications are presented, and future prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mashaghi
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
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18
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Lind TK, Cárdenas M, Wacklin HP. Formation of Supported Lipid Bilayers by Vesicle Fusion: Effect of Deposition Temperature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:7259-63. [PMID: 24932971 DOI: 10.1021/la500897x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Kjellerup Lind
- Nano-Science
Center and Institute of Chemistry, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- European Spallation
Source ESS AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marité Cárdenas
- Nano-Science
Center and Institute of Chemistry, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Malmoe University, Health & Society, 20506 Malmoe, Sweden
| | - Hanna Pauliina Wacklin
- Nano-Science
Center and Institute of Chemistry, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- European Spallation
Source ESS AB, Lund, Sweden
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19
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Macháň R, Jurkiewicz P, Olżyńska A, Olšinová M, Cebecauer M, Marquette A, Bechinger B, Hof M. Peripheral and integral membrane binding of peptides characterized by time-dependent fluorescence shifts: focus on antimicrobial peptide LAH₄. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6171-9. [PMID: 24807004 DOI: 10.1021/la5006314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Positioning of peptides with respect to membranes is an important parameter for biological and biophysical studies using model systems. Our experiments using five different membrane peptides suggest that the time-dependent fluorescence shift (TDFS) of Laurdan can help when distinguishing between peripheral and integral membrane binding and can be a useful, novel tool for studying the impact of transmembrane peptides (TMP) on membrane organization under near-physiological conditions. This article focuses on LAH4, a model α-helical peptide with high antimicrobial and nucleic acid transfection efficiencies. The predominantly helical peptide has been shown to orient in supported model membranes parallel to the membrane surface at acidic and, in a transmembrane manner, at basic pH. Here we investigate its interaction with fully hydrated large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) by TDFS and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). TDFS shows that at acidic pH LAH4 does not influence the glycerol region while at basic pH it makes acyl groups at the glycerol level of the membrane less mobile. TDFS experiments with antimicrobial peptides alamethicin and magainin 2, which are known to assume transmembrane and peripheral orientations, respectively, prove that changes in acyl group mobility at the glycerol level correlate with the orientation of membrane-associated peptide molecules. Analogous experiments with the TMPs LW21 and LAT show similar effects on the mobility of those acyl groups as alamethicin and LAH4 at basic pH. FCS, on the same neutral lipid bilayer vesicles, shows that the peripheral binding mode of LAH4 is more efficient in bilayer permeation than the transmembrane mode. In both cases, the addition of LAH4 does not lead to vesicle disintegration. The influence of negatively charged lipids on the bilayer permeation is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Macháň
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of ASCR, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, Prague 8, CZ-18223, Czech Repulic
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20
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Pomorski TG, Nylander T, Cárdenas M. Model cell membranes: discerning lipid and protein contributions in shaping the cell. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 205:207-20. [PMID: 24268587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The high complexity of biological membranes has motivated the development and application of a wide range of model membrane systems to study biochemical and biophysical aspects of membranes in situ under well defined conditions. The aim is to provide fundamental understanding of processes controlled by membrane structure, permeability and curvature as well as membrane proteins by using a wide range of biochemical, biophysical and microscopic techniques. This review gives an overview of some currently used model biomembrane systems. We will also discuss some key membrane protein properties that are relevant for protein-membrane interactions in terms of protein structure and how it is affected by membrane composition, phase behavior and curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Günther Pomorski
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Gettingevägen 60, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marité Cárdenas
- Department of Chemistry/Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Hatty CR, Le Brun AP, Lake V, Clifton LA, Liu GJ, James M, Banati RB. Investigating the interactions of the 18kDa translocator protein and its ligand PK11195 in planar lipid bilayers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:1019-30. [PMID: 24374318 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The functional effects of a drug ligand may be due not only to an interaction with its membrane protein target, but also with the surrounding lipid membrane. We have investigated the interaction of a drug ligand, PK11195, with its primary protein target, the integral membrane 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO), and model membranes using Langmuir monolayers, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and neutron reflectometry (NR). We found that PK11195 is incorporated into lipid monolayers and lipid bilayers, causing a decrease in lipid area/molecule and an increase in lipid bilayer rigidity. NR revealed that PK11195 is incorporated into the lipid chain region at a volume fraction of ~10%. We reconstituted isolated mouse TSPO into a lipid bilayer and studied its interaction with PK11195 using QCM-D, which revealed a larger than expected frequency response and indicated a possible conformational change of the protein. NR measurements revealed a TSPO surface coverage of 23% when immobilised to a modified surface via its polyhistidine tag, and a thickness of 51Å for the TSPO layer. These techniques allowed us to probe both the interaction of TSPO with PK11195, and PK11195 with model membranes. It is possible that previously reported TSPO-independent effects of PK11195 are due to incorporation into the lipid bilayer and alteration of its physical properties. There are also implications for the variable binding profiles observed for TSPO ligands, as drug-membrane interactions may contribute to the apparent affinity of TSPO ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire R Hatty
- Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, c/o Brain & Mind Research Institute, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Vanessa Lake
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Luke A Clifton
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Guo Jun Liu
- Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, c/o Brain & Mind Research Institute, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Life Sciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Michael James
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia; School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard B Banati
- Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, c/o Brain & Mind Research Institute, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Life Sciences, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
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22
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Son M, London E. The dependence of lipid asymmetry upon polar headgroup structure. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:3385-93. [PMID: 24101657 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m041749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of lipid headgroup structure upon the stability of lipid asymmetry was investigated. Using methyl-β-cyclodextrin -induced lipid exchange, sphingomyelin (SM) was introduced into the outer leaflets of lipid vesicles composed of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol, or cardiolipin, in mixtures of all of these lipids with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and in a phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidic acid mixture. Efficient SM exchange (>85% of that expected for complete replacement of the outer leaflet) was obtained for every lipid composition studied. Vesicles containing PE mixed with anionic lipids showed nearly complete asymmetry which did not decay after 1 day of incubation. However, vesicles containing anionic lipids without PE generally only exhibited partial asymmetry, which further decayed after 1 day of incubation. Vesicles containing the anionic lipid PS were an exception, showing nearly complete and stable asymmetry. It is likely that the combination of multiple charged groups on PE and PS inhibit transverse diffusion of these lipids across membranes relative to those lipids that only have one anionic group. Possible explanations of this behavior are discussed. The asymmetry properties of PE and PS may explain some of their functions in plasma membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215
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23
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Hardy GJ, Nayak R, Zauscher S. Model cell membranes: Techniques to form complex biomimetic supported lipid bilayers via vesicle fusion. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 18:448-458. [PMID: 24031164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vesicle fusion has long provided an easy and reliable method to form supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) from simple, zwitterionic vesicles on siliceous substrates. However, for complex compositions, such as vesicles with high cholesterol content and multiple lipid types, the energy barrier for the vesicle-to-bilayer transition is increased or the required vesicle-vesicle and vesicle-substrate interactions are insufficient for vesicle fusion. Thus, for vesicle compositions that more accurately mimic native membranes, vesicle fusion often fails to form SLBs. In this paper, we review three approaches to overcome these barriers to form complex, biomimetic SLBs via vesicle fusion: (i) optimization of experimental conditions (e.g., temperature, buffer ionic strength, osmotic stress, cation valency, and buffer pH), (ii) α-helical (AH) peptide-induced vesicle fusion, and (iii) bilayer edge-induced vesicle fusion. AH peptide-induced vesicle fusion can form complex SLBs on multiple substrate types without the use of additional equipment. Bilayer edge-induced vesicle fusion uses microfluidics to form SLBs from vesicles with complex composition, including vesicles derived from native cell membranes. Collectively, this review introduces vesicle fusion techniques that can be generalized for many biomimetic vesicle compositions and many substrate types, and thus will aid efforts to reliably create complex SLB platforms on a range of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Hardy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, 144 Hudson Hall Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Tel: +1 (919) 660-5360
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24
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Picas L, Milhiet PE, Hernández-Borrell J. Atomic force microscopy: a versatile tool to probe the physical and chemical properties of supported membranes at the nanoscale. Chem Phys Lipids 2012. [PMID: 23194897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was developed in the 1980s following the invention of its precursor, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), earlier in the decade. Several modes of operation have evolved, demonstrating the extreme versatility of this method for measuring the physicochemical properties of samples at the nanoscopic scale. AFM has proved an invaluable technique for visualizing the topographic characteristics of phospholipid monolayers and bilayers, such as roughness, height or laterally segregated domains. Implemented modes such as phase imaging have also provided criteria for discriminating the viscoelastic properties of different supported lipid bilayer (SLB) regions. In this review, we focus on the AFM force spectroscopy (FS) mode, which enables determination of the nanomechanical properties of membrane models. The interpretation of force curves is presented, together with newly emerging techniques that provide complementary information on physicochemical properties that may contribute to our understanding of the structure and function of biomembranes. Since AFM is an imaging technique, some basic indications on how real-time AFM imaging is evolving are also presented at the end of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Picas
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris, France
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25
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Gerelli Y, Porcar L, Fragneto G. Lipid rearrangement in DSPC/DMPC bilayers: a neutron reflectometry study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:15922-15928. [PMID: 23095050 DOI: 10.1021/la303662e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid translocation in membranes is still far from being understood and well characterized for natural cell membranes as well as for simpler bilayer model systems. Several discrepancies with respect to its occurrence and its characteristic time scale are present in the literature. In the current work, the structural changes induced by lipid rearrangement in a distearoyl-/dimyristoyl-phosphocholine binary lipid system have been addressed by means of neutron reflectivity. It has been shown that a fast, spontaneous compositional reorganization with lipid transfer between the two leaflets of the bilayer takes place only when the lipid species are both in the fluid phase. This process has been identified as the so-called lipid flip-flop. Moreover, the influence of the preparation protocol on the structural properties of the system has been investigated.
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26
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Oleson TA, Sahai N, Wesolowski DJ, Dura JA, Majkrzak CF, Giuffre AJ. Neutron reflectivity study of substrate surface chemistry effects on supported phospholipid bilayer formation on (112¯0) sapphire. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 370:192-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Structural effects of the antimicrobial peptide maculatin 1.1 on supported lipid bilayers. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2012; 42:47-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-012-0796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Merlino A, Vitiello G, Grimaldi M, Sica F, Busi E, Basosi R, D’Ursi AM, Fragneto G, Paduano L, D’Errico G. Destabilization of Lipid Membranes by a Peptide Derived from Glycoprotein gp36 of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus: A Combined Molecular Dynamics/Experimental Study. J Phys Chem B 2011; 116:401-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Filomena Sica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Busi
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Basosi
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D’Ursi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Florence, Italy
| | - Gerardino D’Errico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Florence, Italy
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29
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Shekhar P, Nanda H, Lösche M, Heinrich F. Continuous distribution model for the investigation of complex molecular architectures near interfaces with scattering techniques. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2011; 110:102216-10221612. [PMID: 22207767 PMCID: PMC3246012 DOI: 10.1063/1.3661986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biological membranes are composed of a thermally disordered lipid matrix and therefore require non-crystallographic scattering approaches for structural characterization with x-rays or neutrons. Here we develop a continuous distribution (CD) model to refine neutron or x-ray reflectivity data from complex architectures of organic molecules. The new model is a flexible implementation of the composition-space refinement of interfacial structures to constrain the resulting scattering length density profiles. We show this model increases the precision with which molecular components may be localized within a sample, with a minimal use of free model parameters. We validate the new model by parameterizing all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of bilayers and by evaluating the neutron reflectivity of a phospholipid bilayer physisorbed to a solid support. The determination of the structural arrangement of a sparsely-tethered bilayer lipid membrane (stBLM) comprised of a multi-component phospholipid bilayer anchored to a gold substrate by a thiolated oligo(ethylene oxide) linker is also demonstrated. From the model we extract the bilayer composition and density of tether points, information which was previously inaccessible for stBLM systems. The new modeling strategy has been implemented into the ga_refl reflectivity data evaluation suite, available through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research (NCNR).
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30
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Wacklin HP. Composition and asymmetry in supported membranes formed by vesicle fusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:7698-707. [PMID: 21612246 DOI: 10.1021/la200683e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The structure and formation of supported membranes at silica surfaces by vesicle fusion was investigated by neutron reflectivity and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) measurements. The structure of equimolar phospholipid mixtures of DLPC-DPPC, DMPC-DPPC, and DOPC-DPPC depends intricately on the vesicle deposition conditions. The supported bilayer membranes exhibit varying degrees of compositional asymmetry between the monolayer leaflets, which can be modified by the deposition temperature as well as the salt concentration of the vesicle solution. The total lipid composition of the supported bilayers differs from the composition of the vesicles in solution, and the monolayer proximal to the silica surface is always enriched in DPPC compared to the distal monolayer. The results, which show unambiguougsly that some exchange and rearrangement of lipids occur during vesicle deposition, can be rationalized by considering the effects of salt screening and temperature on the rates of lipid exchange, rearrangement, and vesicle adsorption, but there is also an intricate dependence on the lipid-lipid interactions. Thus, although both symmetric and asymmetric supported bilayers can be prepared from vesicles, the optimal conditions are sensitive to the lipid composition of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna P Wacklin
- Institut Laue Langevin , 6 rue Jules Horowitz - BP 156, 38042 Grenoble, France.
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31
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Borówko M, Patrykiejew A, Rżysko W, Sokołowski S, Ilnytskyi J. Complex phase behavior of a fluid in slits with semipermeable walls modified with tethered chains. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:044705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3530791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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32
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Mouritsen OG. Lipidology and lipidomics––quo vadis? A new era for the physical chemistry of lipids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19195-205. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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34
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Adsorption of DOPC vesicles on hydrophobic substrates in the presence of electrolytes: A QCM and reflectometry study. J CHEM SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-010-0039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Mulligan K, Brownholland D, Carnini A, Thompson DH, Johnston LJ. AFM investigations of phase separation in supported membranes of binary mixtures of POPC and an eicosanyl-based bisphosphocholine bolalipid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:8525-8533. [PMID: 20099816 PMCID: PMC2876224 DOI: 10.1021/la904532s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Supported membranes prepared from binary mixtures of DOPC and the bolalipid C(20)BAS have been examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The supported membranes are phase separated to give a thicker DOPC-rich phase and a thinner bolalipid-rich phase for a range of lipid compositions. These results confirm an earlier prediction from mean field theory that phase separation is the thermodynamically stable state for membranes containing approximately equimolar C(20)BAS and double chain monopolar lipids with chain lengths exceeding 15 carbons. Hydrophobic mismatch between the monopolar lipid hydrocarbon chains and the membrane spanning bolalipid chains was suggested to provide the driving force for phase separation. The AFM results also show that the morphology of the mixed POPC:C(20)BAS supported membranes varies significantly with the conditions used to prepare the vesicles and supported membrane samples. The complex membrane morphologies observed are attributed to the interplay of several factors, including a compositionally heterogeneous vesicle population, exchange of lipid between the vesicle solution and solid substrate during formation of the supported membrane, and slow equilibration of domains due to pinning of the lipids to the solid support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Mulligan
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - David Brownholland
- Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Anna Carnini
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - David H. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Linda J. Johnston
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON Canada K1A 0R6
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36
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Neutron reflectometry to investigate the delivery of lipids and DNA to interfaces (Review). Biointerphases 2010; 3:FB64. [PMID: 20408684 DOI: 10.1116/1.2976448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of scattering methods in the study of biological and biomedical problems is a field of research that is currently experiencing fast growth. In particular, neutron reflectometry (NR) is a technique that is becoming progressively more widespread, as indicated by the current commissioning of several new reflectometers worldwide. NR is valuable for the characterization of biomolecules at interfaces due to its capability to provide quantitative structural and compositional information on relevant molecular length scales. Recent years have seen an increasing number of applications of NR to problems related to drug and gene delivery. We start our review by summarizing the experimental methodology of the technique with reference to the description of biological liquid interfaces. Various methods for the interpretation of data are then discussed, including a new approach based on the lattice mean-field theory to help characterize stimulus-responsive surfaces relevant to drug delivery function. Recent progress in the subject area is reviewed in terms of NR studies relevant to the delivery of lipids and DNA to surfaces. Lastly, we discuss two case studies to exemplify practical features of NR that are exploited in combination with complementary techniques. The first case concerns the interactions of lipid-based cubic phase nanoparticles with model membranes (a drug delivery application), and the second case concerns DNA compaction at surfaces and in the bulk solution (a gene delivery application).
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37
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Giocondi MC, Yamamoto D, Lesniewska E, Milhiet PE, Ando T, Le Grimellec C. Surface topography of membrane domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:703-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hillman AR, Ryder KS, Madrid E, Burley AW, Wiltshire RJ, Merotra J, Grau M, Horswell SL, Glidle A, Dalgliesh RM, Hughes A, Cubitt R, Wildes A. Structure and dynamics of phospholipid bilayer films under electrochemical control. Faraday Discuss 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b911246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Michanek A, Kristen N, Höök F, Nylander T, Sparr E. RNA and DNA interactions with zwitterionic and charged lipid membranes - a DSC and QCM-D study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1798:829-38. [PMID: 20036213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to establish under which conditions tRNA associates with phospholipid bilayers, and to explore how this interaction influences the lipid bilayer. For this purpose we have studied the association of tRNA or DNA of different sizes and degrees of base pairing with a set of model membrane systems with varying charge densities, composed of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholines (PC) in mixtures with anionic phosphatidylserine (PS) or cationic dioctadecyl-dimethyl-ammoniumbromide (DODAB), and with fluid or solid acyl-chains (oleoyl, myristoyl and palmitoyl). To prove and quantify the attractive interaction between tRNA and model-lipid membrane we used quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring to study the tRNA adsorption to deposit phospholipid bilayers from solutions containing monovalent (Na(+)) or divalent (Ca(2+)) cations. The influence of the adsorbed polynucleic acids on the lipid phase transitions and lipid segregation was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The basic findings are: i) tRNA adsorbs to zwitterionic liquid-crystalline and gel-phase phospholipid bilayers. The interaction is weak and reversible, and cannot be explained only on the basis of electrostatic attraction. ii) The adsorbed amount of tRNA is higher for liquid-crystalline bilayers compared to gel-phase bilayers, while the presence of divalent cations show no significant effect on the tRNA adsorption. iii) The adsorption of tRNA can lead to segregation in the mixed 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC)-1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylserine (DMPS) and DMPC-DODAB bilayers, where tRNA is likely excluded from the anionic DMPS-rich domains in the first system, and associated with the cationic DODAB-rich domains in the second system. iv) The addition of shorter polynucleic acids influence the chain melting transition and induce segregation in a mixed DMPC-DMPS system, while larger polynucleic acids do not influence the melting transition in these system. The results in this study on tRNA-phospholipid interactions can have implications for understanding its biological function in, e.g., the cell nuclei, as well as in applications in biotechnology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Michanek
- Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
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Seeger HM, Marino G, Alessandrini A, Facci P. Effect of physical parameters on the main phase transition of supported lipid bilayers. Biophys J 2009; 97:1067-76. [PMID: 19686654 PMCID: PMC2726303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers composed of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (POPE) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) were assembled by the vesicle fusion technique on mica and studied by temperature-controlled atomic force microscopy. The role of different physical parameters on the main phase transition was elucidated. Both mixed (POPE/POPG 3:1) and pure POPE bilayers were studied. By increasing the ionic strength of the solution and the incubation temperature, a shift from a decoupled phase transition of the two leaflets, to a coupled transition, with domains in register, was obtained. The observed behavior points to a modulation of the substrate/bilayer and interleaflet coupling induced by the environment and preparation conditions of supported lipid bilayers. The results are discussed in view of the role of different interactions in the system. The influence of the substrate on the lipid bilayers, in terms of interleaflet coupling, can also help us in understanding the possible effect that submembrane elements like the cytoskeleton might have on the structure and dynamics of biomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Seeger
- CNR-INFM-S3 National Center on Nanostructure and BioSystems at Surfaces, Modena, Italy
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Vandoolaeghe P, Rennie AR, Campbell RA, Nylander T. Neutron reflectivity studies of the interaction of cubic-phase nanoparticles with phospholipid bilayers of different coverage. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:4009-4020. [PMID: 19714826 DOI: 10.1021/la802766n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-crystalline cubic-phase nanoparticles (CPNPs) (known as Cubosome particles), based on the lipid glycerol monooleate and stabilized by the nonionic block copolymer Pluronic F-127, interact with supported model membranes consisting of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) in a complex and dynamic fashion. Neutron reflectivity measurements on the interaction of CPNPs with bilayers of different coverage have increased our understanding of an interfacial exchange mechanism that is relevant to delivery applications. To access the composition of the adsorption layer, the method of isotopic contrast between the components was exploited by using DOPC with perdeuterated acyl chains, which are distinguishable (high scattering contrast) from the hydrogenous components of the CPNPs. The exchange of material between CPNPs and the bilayer takes place regardless of the initial bilayer coverage. However, this parameter has a strong influence on the physical nature of the layer formed upon interaction. For a bilayer of "high coverage" (80%), extensive exchange takes place between the CPNP components and the bilayer, and at steady state the surface layer comprises 72% glycerol monooleate and 8% DOPC, with no change in the solvent content. An analogous experiment involving pure glycerol monooleate liquid crystals shows that lipid exchange occurs even in the absence of the stabilizing polymer. For bilayers of "low coverage" (55%), the exchange mechanism involves an initial adsorption of material from the CPNPs to fill in the bilayer defects. However, most of the bilayer breaks up and only 15% coverage remains after 30 h. The evolution of a Bragg diffraction peak was monitored in this case to show that the bound nanoparticles occupy >7% surface coverage and have a periodicity in the density of the internal lipid structure that decreases with time. This progression is attributed to the incorporation of d-DOPC molecules within the internal cubic structure of the nanoparticles. The broadening of the diffraction peak with time, together with a final mean position that is closely related to the periodicity of the lamellar phase organization of GMO, shows that the lipid-exchange process results in either a contraction of the unit cell of the cubic-phase nanoparticles or a progression of the lipid arrangement to the lamellar phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Vandoolaeghe
- Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
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Uematsu K, Sagara T. Voltammetric study of insoluble 4-pyridyl-terminated surfactant binary-component films prepared by multiple horizontal touching method on a Au(111) electrode. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bayley H, Cronin B, Heron A, Holden MA, Hwang WL, Syeda R, Thompson J, Wallace M. Droplet interface bilayers. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:1191-208. [PMID: 19396383 DOI: 10.1039/b808893d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Droplet interface bilayers (DIBs) provide a superior platform for the biophysical analysis of membrane proteins. The versatile DIBs can also form networks, with features that include built-in batteries and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagan Bayley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM, Berthier Y, Meurisse MH, Rieu JP. Role of nanomechanical properties in the tribological performance of phospholipid biomimetic surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8765-8771. [PMID: 18620439 DOI: 10.1021/la8005234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of phospholipid bilayers in controlling and reducing frictional forces between biological surfaces is investigated by three complementary experiments: friction forces are measured using a homemade tribometer, mechanical resistance to indentation is measured by AFM, and lipid bilayer degradation is controlled in situ during friction testing using fluorescence microscopy. DPPC lipid bilayers in the solid phase generate friction coefficients as low as 0.002 (comparable to that found for cartilage) that are stable through time. DOPC bilayers formed by the vesicle fusion method or the adsorption of mixed micelles generate higher friction coefficients. These coefficients increased through time, during which the bilayers degraded. The friction coefficient is correlated with the force needed to penetrate the bilayer with the AFM tip. With only one bilayer in the contact region, the friction increased to a similar value of about 0.08 for the DPPC and DOPC. Our study therefore shows that good mechanical stability of the bilayers is essential and suggests that the low friction coefficient is ensured by the hydration layers between adjacent lipid bilayers.
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Hwang WL, Chen M, Cronin B, Holden MA, Bayley H. Asymmetric droplet interface bilayers. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5878-9. [PMID: 18407631 DOI: 10.1021/ja802089s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In cell membranes, the lipid compositions of the inner and outer leaflets differ. Therefore, a robust model system that enables single-channel electrical recording with asymmetric bilayers would be very useful. We and others recently developed the droplet interface bilayer (DIB), which is formed by connecting lipid monolayer-encased aqueous droplets submerged in an oil-lipid mixture. Here, we incorporate lipid vesicles of different compositions into aqueous droplets and immerse them in an oil bath to form asymmetric DIBs (a-DIBs). Both alpha-helical and beta-barrel membrane proteins insert readily into a-DIBs, and their activity can be measured by single-channel electrical recording. We show that the gating behavior of outer membrane protein G (OmpG) from Escherichia coli differs depending on the side of insertion in an asymmetric DIB with a positively charged leaflet opposing a negatively charged leaflet. The a-DIB system provides a general platform for studying the effects of bilayer leaflet composition on the behavior of ion channels and pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Hwang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3TA, England, UK.
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