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Matsubara S, Funatsu T, Tanida H, Aratono M, Imai Y, Matsubara H. Effect of Surface Freezing of a Cationic Surfactant and n-Alkane Mixed Adsorbed Film on Counterion Distribution and Surface Dilational Viscoelasticity Studied by Total Reflection XAFS and Surface Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37224057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
When liquid alkane droplets are placed on a surfactant solution surface having a proper surface density, alkane molecules penetrated into the surfactant-adsorbed film to form a mixed monolayer. Such a mixed monolayer undergoes a thermal phase transition from two-dimensional liquid to solid monolayers upon cooling when surfactant tail and alkane have similar chain lengths. We applied the total-reflection XAFS spectroscopy and surface quasi-elastic light scattering to the mixed adsorbed film of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecane to elucidate the impact on the surface phase transition on the counterion distribution of the mixed monolayer. The EXAFS analysis verified that a higher percentage of counter Br- ions were localized in the Stern layer than in the diffuse double layer in the surface solid film compared to the surface liquid film, which resulted in a reduction in the surface elasticity measured by the SQELS. The finding that the surface phase transition accompanies the change in the counterion distribution will be important to consider the future applications of the colloidal systems, in which the coexistence of a surfactant and alkane molecules is essential, such as foams and emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Teruko Funatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanida
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Makoto Aratono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yosuke Imai
- Division for Experimental Nature Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsubara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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2
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Vélez M. How Does the Spatial Confinement of FtsZ to a Membrane Surface Affect Its Polymerization Properties and Function? Front Microbiol 2022; 13:757711. [PMID: 35592002 PMCID: PMC9111741 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.757711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FtsZ is the cytoskeletal protein that organizes the formation of the septal ring and orchestrates bacterial cell division. Its association to the membrane is essential for its function. In this mini-review I will address the question of how this association can interfere with the structure and dynamic properties of the filaments and argue that its dynamics could also remodel the underlying lipid membrane through its activity. Thus, lipid rearrangement might need to be considered when trying to understand FtsZ’s function. This new element could help understand how FtsZ assembly coordinates positioning and recruitment of the proteins forming the septal ring inside the cell with the activity of the machinery involved in peptidoglycan synthesis located in the periplasmic space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Vélez
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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3
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Araújo GRDS, Viana NB, Gómez F, Pontes B, Frases S. The mechanical properties of microbial surfaces and biofilms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5:100028. [PMID: 32743144 PMCID: PMC7389442 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microbes can modify their surface structure as an adaptive mechanism for survival and dissemination in the environment or inside the host. Altering their ability to respond to mechanical stimuli is part of this adaptive process. Since the 1990s, powerful micromanipulation tools have been developed that allow mechanical studies of microbial cell surfaces, exploring little known aspects of their dynamic behavior. This review concentrates on the study of mechanical and rheological properties of bacteria and fungi, focusing on their cell surface dynamics and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber R de S Araújo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathan B Viana
- Laboratório de Pinças Óticas (LPO-COPEA), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fran Gómez
- Laboratório de Pinças Óticas (LPO-COPEA), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pontes
- Laboratório de Pinças Óticas (LPO-COPEA), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Susana Frases
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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4
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Hürtgen D, Härtel T, Murray SM, Sourjik V, Schwille P. Functional Modules of Minimal Cell Division for Synthetic Biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1800315. [PMID: 32648714 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cellular reproduction is one of the fundamental hallmarks of life. Therefore, the development of a minimal division machinery capable of proper genome condensation and organization, mid-cell positioning and segregation in space and time, and the final septation process constitute a fundamental challenge for synthetic biology. It is therefore important to be able to engineer such modules for the production of artificial minimal cells. A bottom-up assembly of molecular machines from bulk biochemicals complemented by in vivo experiments as well as computational modelling helps to approach such key cellular processes. Here, minimal functional modules involved in genome segregation and the division machinery and their spatial organization and positioning are reviewed, setting into perspective the design of a minimal cell. Furthermore, the milestones of recent in vitro reconstitution experiments in the context of cell division are discussed and their role in shedding light on fundamental cellular mechanisms that constitute spatiotemporal order is described. Lastly, current challenges in the field of bottom-up synthetic biology as well as possible future developments toward the development of minimal biomimetic systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hürtgen
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro), Karl-von-Frisch Straße 16, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Härtel
- Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Seán M Murray
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro), Karl-von-Frisch Straße 16, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Victor Sourjik
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro), Karl-von-Frisch Straße 16, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Petra Schwille
- Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
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5
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Sagis LMC, Liu B, Li Y, Essers J, Yang J, Moghimikheirabadi A, Hinderink E, Berton-Carabin C, Schroen K. Dynamic heterogeneity in complex interfaces of soft interface-dominated materials. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2938. [PMID: 30814587 PMCID: PMC6393553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex interfaces stabilized by proteins, polymers or nanoparticles, have a much richer dynamics than those stabilized by simple surfactants. By subjecting fluid-fluid interfaces to step extension-compression deformations, we show that in general these complex interfaces have dynamic heterogeneity in their relaxation response that is well described by a Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts function, with stretch exponent β between 0.4-0.6 for extension, and 0.6-1.0 for compression. The difference in β between expansion and compression points to an asymmetry in the dynamics. Using atomic force microscopy and simulations we prove that the dynamic heterogeneity is intimately related to interfacial structural heterogeneity and show that the dominant mode for stretched exponential relaxation is momentum transfer between bulk and interface, a mechanism which has so far largely been ignored in experimental surface rheology. We describe how its rate constant can be determined using molecular dynamics simulations. These interfaces clearly behave like disordered viscoelastic solids and need to be described substantially different from the 2d homogeneous viscoelastic fluids typically formed by simple surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard M C Sagis
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- ETH Zurich, Department of Materials, Polymer Physics, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Bingxue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Jeffrey Essers
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Jack Yang
- Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmad Moghimikheirabadi
- ETH Zurich, Department of Materials, Polymer Physics, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emma Hinderink
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Berton-Carabin
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Schroen
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700 AA, The Netherlands
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6
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Surface dilational viscoelasticity of aqueous surfactant solutions by surface quasi-elastic light scattering. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Martos A, Raso A, Jiménez M, Petrášek Z, Rivas G, Schwille P. FtsZ Polymers Tethered to the Membrane by ZipA Are Susceptible to Spatial Regulation by Min Waves. Biophys J 2016; 108:2371-83. [PMID: 25954894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cell division is driven by an FtsZ ring in which the FtsZ protein localizes at mid-cell and recruits other proteins, forming a divisome. In Escherichia coli, the first molecular assembly of the divisome, the proto-ring, is formed by the association of FtsZ polymers to the cytoplasmic membrane through the membrane-tethering FtsA and ZipA proteins. The MinCDE system plays a major role in the site selection of the division ring because these proteins oscillate from pole to pole in such a way that the concentration of the FtsZ-ring inhibitor, MinC, is minimal at the cell center, thus favoring FtsZ assembly in this region. We show that MinCDE drives the formation of waves of FtsZ polymers associated to bilayers by ZipA, which propagate as antiphase patterns with respect to those of Min as revealed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The emergence of these FtsZ waves results from the displacement of FtsZ polymers from the vicinity of the membrane by MinCD, which efficiently competes with ZipA for the C-terminal region of FtsZ, a central hub for multiple interactions that are essential for division. The coupling between FtsZ polymers and Min is enhanced at higher surface densities of ZipA or in the presence of crowding agents that favor the accumulation of FtsZ polymers near the membrane. The association of FtsZ polymers to the membrane modifies the response of FtsZ to Min, and comigrating Min-FtsZ waves are observed when FtsZ is free in solution and not attached to the membrane by ZipA. Taken together, our findings show that the dynamic Min patterns modulate the spatial distribution of FtsZ polymers in controlled minimal membranes. We propose that ZipA plays an important role in mid-cell recruitment of FtsZ orchestrated by MinCDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Martos
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ana Raso
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Zdeněk Petrášek
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Graz, Austria
| | - Germán Rivas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Petra Schwille
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
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8
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Broniatowski M, Mastalerz P, Flasiński M. Studies of the interactions of ursane-type bioactive terpenes with the model of Escherichia coli inner membrane-Langmuir monolayer approach. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1848:469-76. [PMID: 25450351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes (PT), ursolic acid (Urs), and α-amyrin (AMalf) are natural products exhibiting broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. These compounds are membrane-active and can disorder bacterial membranes when incorporated; however, the exact mechanism of their membrane activity is unknown. In our studies, we applied Langmuir monolayer technique supported by Brewster angle microscopy to model the interactions of the selected PT with the lipid matrix of E. coli inner membrane. As the model membrane, we applied mixtures (75/25 mole/.mole %) of the representative Escherichia coli phosphatidylethanolamine (POPE), with the cardiolipin (ECCL) or phosphatidylglycerol (ECPG) extracted from the E. coli inner membrane. On the basis of the recorded isotherms, we performed thermodynamic analysis and calculated free energy of mixing ΔGexc. It turned out that the phospholipids forming the inner membrane of E. coli are ideally miscible, whereas in binary systems composed of PT and POPE, negative deviations from ideality indicating attractive interactions between the investigated PT and POPE molecules were observed. On the other hand, in ternary systems composed of PT, POPE and one of the E. coli anionic phospholipids large positive changes in ΔGexc were observed. Thus, both PT exhibit disorganizing effect on the model E. coli membrane. It was also proved that at low terpene proportion, AMalf can be more active than Urs. However, at higher proportion Urs incorporation can lead to the disintegration of cardiolipin-rich domains present in bacterial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Broniatowski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3,30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Mastalerz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3,30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Flasiński
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3,30-387 Kraków, Poland
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9
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Modeling the interplay between protein and lipid aggregation in supported membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 185:141-52. [PMID: 24968242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a theoretical model that deals with the complex interplay between lipid segregation and the self-aggregation of lipid-attached proteins. The model, in contrast to previous ones that consider proteins only as passive elements affecting the lipid distribution, describes the system including three terms: the dynamic interactions between protein monomers, the interactions between lipid components, and a mixed term considering protein-lipid interactions. It is used to explain experimental results performed on a well-defined system in which a self-aggregating soluble bacterial cytoskeletal protein polymerizes on a lipid bilayer containing two lipid components. All the elements considered in a previously described protein model, including torsion of the monomers within the filament, are needed to account for the observed filament shapes. The model also points out that lipid segregation can affect the length and curvature of the filaments and that the dynamic behavior of the lipids and proteins can have different time scales, giving rise to memory effects. This simple model that considers a dynamic protein assembly on a fluid and active lipid surface can be easily extended to other biologically relevant situations in which the interplay between protein and lipid aggregation is needed to fully describe the system.
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10
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Chiu SW, Roberts MAJ, Leake MC, Armitage JP. Positioning of chemosensory proteins and FtsZ through the Rhodobacter sphaeroides cell cycle. Mol Microbiol 2013; 90:322-37. [PMID: 23944351 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial chemotaxis depends on signalling through large protein complexes. Each cell must inherit a complex on division, suggesting some co-ordination with cell division. In Escherichia coli the membrane-spanning chemosensory complexes are polar and new static complexes form at pre-cytokinetic sites, ensuring positioning at the new pole after division and suggesting a role for the bacterial cytoskeleton. Rhodobacter sphaeroides has both membrane-associated and cytoplasmic, chromosome-associated chemosensory complexes. We followed the relative positions of the two chemosensory complexes, FtsZ and MreB in aerobic and in photoheterotrophic R. sphaeroides cells using fluorescence microscopy. FtsZ forms polar spots after cytokinesis, which redistribute to the midcell forming nodes from which FtsZ extends circumferentially to form the Z-ring. Membrane-associated chemosensory proteins form a number of dynamic unit-clusters with mature clusters containing about 1000 CheW(3) proteins. Individual clusters diffuse randomly within the membrane, accumulating at new poles after division but not colocalizing with either FtsZ or MreB. The cytoplasmic complex colocalizes with FtsZ at midcells in new-born cells. Before cytokinesis one complex moves to a daughter cell, followed by the second moving to the other cell. These data indicate that two homologous complexes use different mechanisms to ensure partitioning, and neither complex utilizes FtsZ or MreB for positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wen Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
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11
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Rico AI, Krupka M, Vicente M. In the beginning, Escherichia coli assembled the proto-ring: an initial phase of division. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20830-20836. [PMID: 23740256 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r113.479519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division in Escherichia coli begins by assembling three proteins, FtsZ, FtsA, and ZipA, to form a proto-ring at midcell. These proteins nucleate an assembly of at least 35 components, the divisome. The structuring of FtsZ to form a ring and the processes that effect constriction have been explained by alternative but not mutually exclusive mechanisms. We discuss how FtsA and ZipA provide anchoring of the cytoplasmic FtsZ to the membrane and how a temporal sequence of alternative protein interactions may operate in the maturation and stability of the proto-ring. How the force needed for constriction is generated and how the proto-ring proteins relate to peptidoglycan synthesis remain as the main challenges for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Rico
- From the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcin Krupka
- From the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Vicente
- From the Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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López‐Montero I, López‐Navajas P, Mingorance J, Rivas G, Vélez M, Vicente M, Monroy F. Intrinsic disorder of the bacterial cell division protein ZipA: coil‐to‐brush conformational transition. FASEB J 2013; 27:3363-75. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-224337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pilar López‐Navajas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)MadridSpain
| | | | - Germán Rivas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Marisela Vélez
- Instituto de Catálisis y PetroleoquímicaCSICCampus de CantoblancoMadridSpain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA‐Nanociencia)Facultad de CienciasCampus de CantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - Miguel Vicente
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)CSICCampus de CantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - Francisco Monroy
- Departamento de Química Física IUniversidad ComplutenseMadridSpain
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13
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Rivas G, Alfonso C, Jiménez M, Monterroso B, Zorrilla S. Macromolecular interactions of the bacterial division FtsZ protein: from quantitative biochemistry and crowding to reconstructing minimal divisomes in the test tube. Biophys Rev 2013; 5:63-77. [PMID: 28510160 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-013-0115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The division of Escherichia coli is an essential process strictly regulated in time and space. It requires the association of FtsZ with other proteins to assemble a dynamic ring during septation, forming part of the functionally active division machinery, the divisome. FtsZ reversibly interacts with FtsA and ZipA at the cytoplasmic membrane to form a proto-ring, the first molecular assembly of the divisome, which is ultimately joined by the rest of the division-specific proteins. In this review we summarize the quantitative approaches used to study the activity, interactions, and assembly properties of FtsZ under well-defined solution conditions, with the aim of furthering our understanding of how the behavior of FtsZ is controlled by nucleotides and physiological ligands. The modulation of the association and assembly properties of FtsZ by excluded-volume effects, reproducing in part the natural crowded environment in which this protein has evolved to function, will be described. The subsequent studies on the reactivity of FtsZ in membrane-like systems using biochemical, biophysical, and imaging technologies are reported. Finally, we discuss the experimental challenges to be met to achieve construction of the minimum protein set needed to initiate bacterial division, without cells, in a cell-like compartment. This integrated approach, combining quantitative and synthetic strategies, will help to support (or dismiss) conclusions already derived from cellular and molecular analysis and to complete our understanding on how bacterial division works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Rivas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Alfonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Jiménez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Monterroso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Zorrilla
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano" (CSIC), c/Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Martos A, Jiménez M, Rivas G, Schwille P. Towards a bottom-up reconstitution of bacterial cell division. Trends Cell Biol 2012; 22:634-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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López-Montero I, López-Navajas P, Mingorance J, Vélez M, Vicente M, Monroy F. Membrane reconstitution of FtsZ-ZipA complex inside giant spherical vesicles made of E. coli lipids: large membrane dilation and analysis of membrane plasticity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:687-98. [PMID: 23149342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
During the division process of Escherichia coli, the globular protein FtsZ is early recruited at the constriction site. The Z-ring, based on FtsZ filaments associated to the inner cell membrane, has been postulated to exert constriction forces. Membrane anchoring is mediated by ZipA, an essential transmembrane protein able to specifically bind FtsZ. In this work, an artificial complex of FtsZ-ZipA has been reconstituted at the inner side of spherical giant unilamellar vesicles made of E. coli lipids. Under these conditions, FtsZ polymerization, triggered when a caged GTP analogue is UV-irradiated, was followed by up to 40% vesicle inflation. The homogeneous membrane dilation was accompanied by the visualization of discrete FtsZ assemblies at the membrane. Complementary rheological data revealed enhanced elasticity under lateral dilation. This explains why vesicles can undergo large dilations in the regime of mechanical stability. A mechanical role for FtsZ polymers as promoters of membrane softening and plasticization is hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- I López-Montero
- Departamento de Química Física I, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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