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Lee S, Lee J, Ault JT. The role of variable zeta potential on diffusiophoretic and diffusioosmotic transport. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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2
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Majhi S, Bhattacharyya S. Numerical study on diffusiophoresis of a hydrophobic nanoparticle in a monovalent or multivalent electrolyte. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Fan L, Jian E, Chang W, Wu Y, Lin J, Tseng A, Tseng J, Wan R, Yu A, Lee E. Diffusiophoresis in suspensions of highly charged soft particles. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:2227-2233. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leia Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Elaine Jian
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Chun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yvonne Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jason Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Andy Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jessica Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Renee Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Annie Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Eric Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
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Lee YF, Chang WC, Wu Y, Fan L, Lee E. Diffusiophoresis of a Highly Charged Soft Particle in Electrolyte Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1480-1492. [PMID: 33450152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diffusiophoresis of a soft particle suspended in an infinite medium of symmetric binary electrolyte solution is investigated theoretically in this study, focusing on the chemiphoresis component when there is no global diffusion potential in the bulk solution. The general governing electrokinetic equations are solved with a pseudo-spectral method based on Chebyshev polynomials, and particle mobility, defined as the particle velocity per unit concentration gradient, is calculated. Parameters of electrokinetic interest are examined, in general, to explore their respective impact upon particle motion, such as the fixed charge density and permeability in the outer porous layer, the surface charge density and size of the inner rigid core, and the electrolyte strength in the solution. Nonlinear phenomena such as the motion-deterring double-layer polarization and the counterion condensation effects are scrutinized, in particular, for highly charged soft particles. Mobility reversal is observed in some range of electrolyte strength for highly charged particles. The generation of an axisymmetric counterclockwise vortex flow across the porous layer is found to be responsible for it. The onset of the mobility reversal is synchronized with the appearance or disappearance of this vortex flow. Mobility reversal may happen more than once, with particle moving toward or away from the region of higher solute concentration. The latter is undesirable in the application of drug delivery and thus should be avoided by delicate control of the electrokinetic environment. A local micro diffusion potential is discovered, which always speeds up the migration of coions and slows down that of counterions to guarantee that there is no net electric current across the double layer. Moreover, multilayer structure of the double-layer polarization is discovered when the electrolyte strength is high. The study presented here provides insight and crucial information for practical applications of soft particles, such as drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yvonne Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Leia Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Eric Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Tsai SC, Lee E. Diffusiophoresis of a Highly Charged Porous Particle Induced by Diffusion Potential. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3143-3155. [PMID: 30714738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diffusiophoresis, the motion of a colloidal particle in response to the concentration gradient of solutes in the suspending medium, is investigated theoretically on the basis of numerical computations in this study for charged porous particles, especially highly or extremely porous ones, focusing on the electrophoresis component induced by diffusion potential, which is generated spontaneously in a binary electrolyte solution where the diffusivities of the two ionic species are distinct. A benchmark carbonic acid solution of H(aq)+ and HCO3(aq)- is chosen to be the major suspending medium, as its large diffusion potential and remarkable performance in practical applications have been reported recently in the literature. More than 3 orders of magnitude increase in particle diffusiophoretic mobility is predicted under some circumstances, should the permeability of the particle increase 10-fold. Nonlinear effects such as the motion-deterring double-layer polarization effect pertinent to highly charged particles and the counterion condensation or shielding/screening effect pertinent to porous particles are investigated in particular for their impact on the particle motion, among other electrokinetic parameters examined. A visual demonstration of the nonlinear double-layer polarization is provided. Moreover, both the chemiphoresis and the electrophoresis components are explored and analyzed in detail. The results presented here can be applied in biochemical and biomedical fields involving DNAs and proteins, which can be modeled excellently as charged porous particles in their electrokinetic motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Chi Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Eric Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Taiwan University , No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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Lee E. Diffusiophoresis of Rigid Particles. THEORY OF ELECTROPHORESIS AND DIFFUSIOPHORESIS OF HIGHLY CHARGED COLLOIDAL PARTICLES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100865-2.00016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Abstract
We probe the diffusioosmotic transport in a charged nanofluidic channel in the presence of an applied tangential salt concentration gradient. Ionic salt gradient driven diffusioosmosis or ionic diffusioosmosis (IDO) is characterized by the generation of an induced tangential electric field and a diffusioosmotic velocity (DOSV) that is a combination of an electroosmotic velocity (EOSV) triggered by this electric field and a chemiosmotic velocity (COSV) triggered by an induced tangential pressure gradient. We explain that unlike the existing theories on IDO, it is more appropriate to apply the zero net current conditions (formulation F2) and not more restrictive zero net local flux conditions (formulation F1) particularly for the case where one considers a nanochannel connected to two reservoirs. We pinpoint limitations in the existing literature in correctly predicting the diffusioosmotic behavior even for the case where formulation F1 is used. We address these limitations and establish that (a) the induced electric field is an interplay of the differences in ionic diffusivity, the EDL-induced imbalance in ion concentrations, and the advection effects, (b) formulation F1 may overpredict or underpredict the electric field and the EOSV leading to an overprediction/underprediction of the DOSV and (c) formulation F2 demonstrates remarkable fluid physics of localized backflows owing to a dominant local influence of the COSV, which is missed by formulation F1. We anticipate that our theory will provide the first rigorous understanding of nanofluidic IDO with applications in multiple areas of low Reynolds number transport such as biofluidics, microfluidic separation, and colloidal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Jing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD-20742, USA.
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Gopmandal PP, Bhattacharyya S, Ohshima H. Effect of hydrophobic core on the electrophoresis of a diffuse soft particle. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2016.0942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophoresis of a diffuse soft particle with a charged hydrophobic core is considered under the weak field and low charge density assumptions. The hydrophobic surface of the core is coated with a diffuse polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) in which a gradual transition of the polymer segment distribution from the impenetrable core to the surrounding electrolyte medium is considered. A mathematical model is adopted to analyse the impact of the core hydrophobicity on the diffuse soft particle electrophoresis. The mobility based on the present model for the limiting cases such as bare colloids with hydrophobic core and soft particles with no-slip rigid cores are in good agreement with the existing results. The presence of PEL charges produces the impact of the core hydrophobicity on the soft particle mobility different from the corresponding bare colloid with hydrophobic surface in an electrolyte medium. The impact of the core hydrophobicity is subtle when the hydrodynamic screening length of the PEL is low. Reversal in mobility can be achieved by tuning the core hydrophobicity for an oppositely charged core and PEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha P. Gopmandal
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 800005, India
| | - S. Bhattacharyya
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - H. Ohshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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9
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Fang W, Lee E. Diffusiophoretic motion of an isolated charged porous sphere. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 459:273-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mei L, Chou TH, Cheng YS, Huang MJ, Yeh LH, Qian S. Electrophoresis of pH-regulated nanoparticles: impact of the Stern layer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 18:9927-34. [PMID: 26509958 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05728k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A multi-ion model taking into account the Stern layer effect and the surface chemistry reactions is developed for the first time to investigate the surface charge properties and electrophoresis of pH-regulated silica nanoparticles (NPs). The applicability of the model is validated by comparing its prediction to the experimental data of the electrophoretic mobility of silica NPs available from the literature. Results show that if the particle size is fixed, the Stern layer effect on the surface charge properties of the NP is notable at high pH and background salt concentration; however, that effect on the particle mobility is significant when pH is around neutrality and the salt concentration is medium high (ca. 0.07 M) because of the double-layer polarization effect. Moreover, if pH and the background salt concentration are fixed, the Stern layer effect on the zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility of the NP becomes more significant for smaller particle size. Neglecting the Stern layer effect could result in the overestimation of the zeta potential, surface charge density, and electrophoretic mobility of a NP on the order of several times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanju Mei
- Institute of Micro/Nanotechnology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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11
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Sedimentation velocity and potential in a concentrated suspension of charged soft spheres. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Liu KL, Hsu JP, Tseng S. Capillary osmosis in a charged nanopore connecting two large reservoirs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:9598-9603. [PMID: 23863095 DOI: 10.1021/la401925n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence revealed that the performance of nanopore-based biosensing devices can be improved by applying a salt concentration gradient. To provide a theoretical explanation for this observation and explore the mechanisms involved, we model the capillary osmosis (or diffusioosmosis) in a charged solid-state nanopore connecting two large reservoirs. The effects of nanopore geometry and the reservoir salt concentrations are examined. We show that the capillary osmotic flow is from the high salt concentration reservoir to the low salt concentration one, and its magnitude has a maximum as the reservoir salt concentrations vary. In general, the shorter the nanopore and/or the smaller its radius, the faster the osmotic flow. This flow enhances the current recognition, and the ion concentration polarization across nanopore openings raises the entity capture rate, thereby being capable of improving the performance of electrophoresis-based biosensors. The results gathered provide necessary information for designing nanopore-based biosensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Liang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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Liu KL, Hsu JP, Hsu WL, Yeh LH, Tseng S. Diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte in a salt concentration gradient. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1068-78. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Liang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei; Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei; Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei; Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei; Taiwan
| | - Shiojenn Tseng
- Department of Mathematics; Tamkang University; Tamsui; Taipei; Taiwan
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Liu KL, Hsu JP, Tseng S. Influence of membrane layer properties on the electrophoretic behavior of a soft particle. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:3053-61. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Joo SW, Qian S. Electrophoretic motion of a nanorod along the axis of a nanopore under a salt gradient. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 356:331-40. [PMID: 21277582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The phoretic translation of a charged, elongated cylindrical nanoparticle, such as a DNA molecule and nanorod, along the axis of a nanopore driven by simultaneous axial electric field and salt concentration gradient, has been investigated using a continuum model, which consists of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for the ionic concentrations and electric potential, and the Stokes equations for the hydrodynamic field. The induced particle motion includes both electrophoresis, driven by the imposed electric field, and diffusiophoresis, arising from the imposed salt concentration gradient. The particle's phoretic velocity along the axis of a nanopore is computed as functions of the imposed salt concentration gradient, the ratio of the its radius to the double-layer thickness, the nanorod's aspect ratio (length/radius), the ratio of the nanopore size to the particle size, the surface-charge density of the particle, and that of the nanopore in KCl solution. The diffusiophoresis in a nanopore mainly arises from the induced electrophoresis driven by the generated electric field, stemming from the double-layer polarization, and can be used to regulate electrophoretic translocation of a nanorod, such as a DNA molecule, through a nanopore. When both the nanorod and the nanopore wall are charged, the induced electroosmotic flow arising from the interaction of the overall electric field with the double layer adjacent to the nanopore wall has a significant effect on both electrophoresis driven by the imposed electric field and diffusiophoresis driven by the imposed salt gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang W Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan, South Korea
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Joo SW, Lee SY, Liu J, Qian S. Diffusiophoresis of an Elongated Cylindrical Nanoparticle along the Axis of a Nanopore. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:3281-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hsu JP, Hsu WL, Liu KL. Diffusiophoresis of a charge-regulated sphere along the axis of an uncharged cylindrical pore. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:8648-8658. [PMID: 20184368 DOI: 10.1021/la904726k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The diffusiophoresis of a charge-regulated spherical particle along the axis of a cylindrical pore is modeled. The problem considered allows us to examine simultaneously the effects of the presence of a boundary, the charge conditions on the particle surface, the thickness of the double layer, and the nature of a dispersion medium including its pH value and the diffusivities of the ionic species with respect to the diffusiophoretic behavior of a particle. We show that, in addition to the factors of double-layer polarization, electrophoresis, and the osmotic flow of solvent, the diffusiophoretic behavior of the particle can also be affected significantly by the electrical repulsive interaction between the particle and the co-ions immediately outside the double layer as they diffuse through the gap between the double layer and the pore. The last effect, which can influence the diffusiophoretic behavior of a particle both quantitatively and qualitatively, is absent in the diffusiophresis of a sphere in a spherical cavity. The competition of those effects yields many interesting results that are of practical significance in the design of a diffusiophoretic apparatus and/or the interpretation of experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
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