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Enengl C, Enengl S, Bouguerra N, Havlicek M, Neugebauer H, Egbe DAM. Explaining the Cyclic Voltammetry of a Poly(1,4-phenylene-ethynylene)-alt-poly(1,4-phenylene-vinylene) Copolymer upon Oxidation by using Spectroscopic Techniques. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:93-100. [PMID: 27885779 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poly(1,4-phenylene-ethynylene)-alt-poly(1,4-phenylene-vinylene) (PPE-PPV) copolymers have attracted quite a lot of attention in the last few years for electronic device applications owing to their enhanced fluorescence. In this work, we focus on one particular PPE-PPV copolymer with dissymmetrically substituted 1,4-phenylene-ethynylene and symmetrically substituted 1,4-phenylene-vinylene building units. Six successively performed cyclic voltammograms are presented, measured during the oxidation reactions. As the oxidation onset of the electrochemical reaction shifts to lower potentials in each cycle, this behavior is elucidated by using spectroscopic techniques ranging from UV/Vis/near-IR to mid-IR including spin-resonance techniques. Hence, these findings help to explain some of the copolymer's most advantageous properties in terms of possible oxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Enengl
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Sandra Enengl
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Nassima Bouguerra
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Energetic Valorization Laboratory, A. MIRA University, Targa Ouzemmour, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Marek Havlicek
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Czech Metrology Institute, Okruzni 31, 638 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Helmut Neugebauer
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Daniel A M Egbe
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
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Bouguerra N, Růžička A, Ulbricht C, Enengl C, Enengl S, Pokorná V, Výprachtický D, Tordin E, Aitout R, Cimrová V, Egbe DAM. Synthesis and Photophysical and Electroluminescent Properties of Poly(1,4-phenylene-ethynylene)- alt-poly(1,4-phenylene-vinylene)s with Various Dissymmetric Substitution of Alkoxy Side Chains. Macromolecules 2016; 49:455-464. [PMID: 26877550 PMCID: PMC4730230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The
synthesis and characterization of a set of conjugated polymers,
poly(1,4-phenylene–ethynylene)-alt-poly(1,4-phenylene–vinylene)s
(PPE–PPVs), with a dissymmetrical configuration (partial or
total) of alkoxy side chains is reported. Five new polymers bearing
octyloxy and/or octadecyloxy side chains at the phenylene–ethynylene
and phenylene–vinylene segments, respectively, were obtained.
Two symmetrical substituted polymers were used for comparison. Polymers
with weight-average molecular weight, Mw, up to 430 000 g/mol and degree of polymerization between
17 and 322 were obtained by a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons
olefination polycondensation reaction of the respective luminophoric
dialdehydes and bisphosphonates. As expected, identical conjugated
backbones in all polymers results in very similar photophysical response
in dilute solution, with high fluorescence quantum yields between
50% and 80%. In contrast, the thin film properties are dependent on
the combinatorial effects of side chain configuration, molecular weight,
and film thickness parameters, which are the basis of the resulting
comparison and discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Bouguerra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Energetic Valorization Laboratory, A. MIRA University, Targa Ouzemmour, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria; Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Ulbricht
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christina Enengl
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sandra Enengl
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Veronika Pokorná
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomír Výprachtický
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elisa Tordin
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Razika Aitout
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Energetic Valorization Laboratory, A. MIRA University , Targa Ouzemmour, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Věra Cimrová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz , Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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Philippa B, Stolterfoht M, White RD, Velusamy M, Burn PL, Meredith P, Pivrikas A. Molecular weight dependent bimolecular recombination in organic solar cells. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054903. [PMID: 25106609 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Charge carrier recombination is studied in operational organic solar cells made from the polymer:fullerene system PCDTBT:PC71BM (poly[N-9''-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)]: [6,6]-phenyl-C70-butyric acid methyl ester). A newly developed technique High Intensity Resistance dependent PhotoVoltage is presented for reliably quantifying the bimolecular recombination coefficient independently of variations in experimental conditions, thereby resolving key limitations of previous experimental approaches. Experiments are performed on solar cells of varying thicknesses and varying polymeric molecular weights. It is shown that solar cells made from low molecular weight PCDTBT exhibit Langevin recombination, whereas suppressed (non-Langevin) recombination is found in solar cells made with high molecular weight PCDTBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronson Philippa
- College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Ronald D White
- College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Marrapan Velusamy
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Paul L Burn
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Paul Meredith
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Almantas Pivrikas
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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Adam G, Yohannes T, White M, Montaigne A, Ulbricht C, Birckner E, Rathgeber S, Kästner C, Hoppe H, Sariciftci NS, Egbe DAM. Effect of Varying Thiophene Units on Charge-Transport and Photovoltaic Properties of Poly(phenylene ethynylene)-alt-poly(phenylene vinylene) Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Adam
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
- Department of Chemistry; College of Natural and Computational Science; Dilla University; P.O.Box 419 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Teketel Yohannes
- Department of Chemistry; College of Natural and computational Science; Addis Ababa University; P.O.Box 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Matthew White
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Alberto Montaigne
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Christoph Ulbricht
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Eckhard Birckner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Lessingstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Silke Rathgeber
- Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences; University of Koblenz-Landau; Universitätsstr. 1 56070 Koblenz Germany
| | - Christian Kästner
- Institute of Physics; Ilmenau University of Technology; Weimarerstr. 32 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Harald Hoppe
- Institute of Physics; Ilmenau University of Technology; Weimarerstr. 32 98693 Ilmenau Germany
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS); Institute of Physical Chemistry; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Altenbergerstr. 69 4040 Linz Austria
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Bashmakova NV, Shaydyuk YO, Levchenko SM, Masunov AE, Przhonska OV, Bricks JL, Kachkovsky OD, Slominsky YL, Piryatinski YP, Belfield KD, Bondar MV. Design and electronic structure of new styryl dye bases: steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic studies. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:4502-9. [PMID: 24918283 DOI: 10.1021/jp503263f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of the electronic structure and fast relaxation processes in the excited states of new styryl base-type derivatives was performed using steady-state, pico-, and femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. Linear photophysical parameters of new compounds, including steady-state absorption, fluorescence, and excitation anisotropy spectra, were obtained in a number of organic solvents at room temperature. A detailed analysis of the fluorescence lifetimes and ultrafast relaxation processes in the electronically excited state of the styryl bases revealed an important role of solvate dynamics and donor-acceptor strength of the molecular structures in the formation of their excited state absorption spectra. Experimental data were in good agreement with quantum chemical calculations at the time dependent density functional theory level, combined with a polarizable continuum model.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Bashmakova
- Institute of Physics , Prospect Nauki, 46, Kyiv-28 03028, Ukraine
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Theoretical investigation of substitution and end-group effects on poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Huang X, Huang W, Fu L, Yan D. Synthesis and characterization of thioether-containing polyimides with high refractive indices. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Colak DG, Cianga I, Demirkol DO, Kozgus O, Medine EI, Sakarya S, Unak P, Timur S, Yagci Y. The synthesis and targeting of PPP-type copolymers to breast cancer cells: Multifunctional platforms for imaging and diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Li X, Zhang X, Li W, Wang Y, Liu T, Zhang B, Yang W. Synthesis and enhanced two-photon absorption properties of tetradonor-containing anthracene-centered 2-D cross-conjugated polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04067c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Egbe DAM, Neugebauer H, Sariciftci NS. Alkoxy-substituted poly(arylene-ethynylene)-alt-poly(arylene-vinylene)s: synthesis, electroluminescence and photovoltaic applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02429e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Adam G, Pivrikas A, Ramil AM, Tadesse S, Yohannes T, Sariciftci NS, Egbe DAM. Mobility and photovoltaic performance studies on polymer blends: effects of side chains volume fraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02668a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Egbe DAM, Adam G, Pivrikas A, Ramil AM, Birckner E, Cimrova V, Hoppe H, Sariciftci NS. Improvement in carrier mobility and photovoltaic performance through random distribution of segments of linear and branched side chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01482f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pawluć P, Prukała W, Marciniec B. Silylative Coupling of Olefins with Vinylsilanes in the Synthesis of π‐Conjugated Double Bond Systems. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Pawluć
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60‐780 Poznan, Poland, Fax: +48‐618‐291‐508
| | - Wiesław Prukała
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60‐780 Poznan, Poland, Fax: +48‐618‐291‐508
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60‐780 Poznan, Poland, Fax: +48‐618‐291‐508
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Egbe DAM, Carbonnier B, Birckner E, Grummt UW. Arylene-ethynylene/arylene-vinylene copolymers: Synthesis and structure–property relationships. Prog Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Colak DG, Egbe DAM, Birckner E, Yurteri S, Cianga I, Tekin E, Schubert US, Yagci Y. Photophysical properties of PPP and PPV derivatives bearing polystyrene or polycaprolactone as side groups. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Krieg A, Becer CR, Hoogenboom R, Schubert US. Tailor Made Side-Chain Functionalized Macromolecules by Combination of Controlled Radical Polymerization and Click Chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200950109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Huo L, Hou J, Zhou Y, Han M, Li Y. Branched poly(p-phenylenevinylene): Synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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