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Turnbull D, Légaré MA. Rapid, iterative syntheses of unsymmetrical di- and triarylboranes from crystalline aryldifluoroboranes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:14256-14261. [PMID: 38098724 PMCID: PMC10717494 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A one-pot procedure to synthesise aryldifluoroboranes, ArBF2, from bench-stable arylsilanes is presented. These ArBF2 react conveniently with aryllithium reagents to form unsymmetrical ArAr'BF and BArAr'Ar'' in high yield. Examples of all three classes of borane have been characterised crystallographically, allowing for elucidation of geometric and crystal packing trends in crystalline ArBF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Otto Maass Chemistry Building, 801 Rue Sherbrooke O Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Marc-André Légaré
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Otto Maass Chemistry Building, 801 Rue Sherbrooke O Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 0B8
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2
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Berger SM, Ferger M, Marder TB. Synthetic Approaches to Triarylboranes from 1885 to 2020. Chemistry 2021; 27:7043-7058. [PMID: 33443314 PMCID: PMC8247992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research in the fields of optoelectronics, anion sensors and bioimaging agents have been greatly influenced by novel compounds containing triarylborane motifs. Such compounds possess an empty p-orbital at boron which results in useful optical and electronic properties. Such a diversity of applications was not expected when the first triarylborane was reported in 1885. Synthetic approaches to triarylboranes underwent various changes over the following century, some of which are still used in the present day, such as the generally applicable routes developed by Krause et al. in 1922, or by Grisdale et al. in 1972 at Eastman Kodak. Some other developments were not pursued further after their initial reports, such as the synthesis of two triarylboranes bearing three different aromatic groups by Mikhailov et al. in 1958. This review summarizes the development of synthetic approaches to triarylboranes from their first report nearly 135 years ago to the present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina M. Berger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Ferger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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3
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Lin H, Patel S, Jäkle F. Tailored Triarylborane Polymers as Supported Catalysts and Luminescent Materials. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huina Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University–Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Shivani Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University–Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University–Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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4
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Baraniak MK, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Electron‐Deficient Borinic Acid Polymers: Synthesis, Supramolecular Assembly, and Examination as Catalysts in Amide Bond Formation. Chemistry 2019; 25:13799-13810. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika K. Baraniak
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Roger A. Lalancette
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University-Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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5
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Lin H, McConnell CR, Jilus B, Liu SY, Jäkle F. Changing up BN-Polystyrene: Effect of Substitution Pattern on the Free-Radical Polymerization and Polymer Properties. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huina Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Cameron R. McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02135, United States
| | - Berothy Jilus
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02135, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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6
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Wan WM, Baggett AW, Cheng F, Lin H, Liu SY, Jäkle F. Synthesis by free radical polymerization and properties of BN-polystyrene and BN-poly(vinylbiphenyl). Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13616-13619. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free radical polymerization of B-vinyl- and B-styryl-functionalized azaborinine monomers gives organic–inorganic hybrid polymers with distinctly different materials properties compared to the corresponding carbonaceous polystyrene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Wan
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology
| | | | - Fei Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Huina Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Boston College
- Chestnut Hill
- USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
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7
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Abstract
A survey of the state-of-the-art in the development of synthetic methods to incorporate p-block elements into polymers is given. The incorporation of main group elements (groups 13-16) into long chains provides access to materials with fascinating chemical and physical properties imparted by the presence of inorganic groups. Perhaps the greatest impedance to the widespread academic and commercial use of p-block element-containing macromolecules is the synthetic challenge associated with linking inorganic elements into long chains. In recent years, creative methodologies have been developed to incorporate heteroatoms into polymeric structures, with perhaps the greatest advances occurring with hybrid organic-inorganic polymers composed of boron, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur. With these developments, materials are currently being realized that possess exciting chemical, photophysical and thermal properties that are not possible for conventional organic polymers. This review focuses on highlighting the most significant recent advances whilst giving an appropriate background for the general reader. Of particular focus will be advances made over the last two decades, with emphasis on the novel synthetic methodologies employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Priegert
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouer, British Columbia, CanadaV6T 1Z1.
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9
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Guo F, Yin X, Pammer F, Cheng F, Fernandez D, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Regioregular Organoborane-Functionalized Poly(3-alkynylthiophene)s. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501969q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - X. Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - F. Pammer
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
- Institut
für Organische Chemie II und Neue Materialien, Universität Ulm, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - F. Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - D. Fernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - R. A. Lalancette
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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10
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Hu Y, Zhao Z, Bai X, Yuan X, Zhang X, Masuda T. Organoborane-containing polyacetylene derivatives: synthesis, characterization, and fluoride-sensing properties. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11062e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Kumar GR, Thilagar P. Dicyanovinyl substituted triarylboranes: a rational approach to distinguish fluoride and cyanide ions. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7200-7. [PMID: 24676342 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53638f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Two new dicyanovinyl (DCV) functionalized triarylboranes (Mes2B-π-spacer-DCV, for 1: π-spacer = C6H4, for 2: π-spacer = 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-phenyl) are reported. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 are similar except for the spacer which connects the boryl and DCV units. This small structural perturbation induces drastic changes in the optical properties of 1 and 2. Compound 2 shows weak dual fluorescence emission in nonpolar solvents and a stronger emission in polar solvents. Compound 1 is weakly fluorescent in polar environments but shows an intense single luminescence peak in less polar environments. Compound 1 exhibits a turn-off fluorescence response for both fluoride and cyanide: in contrast, 2 shows a turn on fluorescence response for both anions with different fluorescence signatures. The NMR titration studies reveal that for compound 2, fluoride binds to the boron centre and cyanide binds to the DCV unit. For compound 1, the fluoride ion binds to the boron center, whereas the CN(-) binds to both the Ar3B and DCV units.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Rajendra Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
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12
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Berger CJ, He G, Merten C, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, Rivard E. Synthesis and luminescent properties of Lewis base-appended borafluorenes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1475-86. [PMID: 24428809 DOI: 10.1021/ic402408t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of Lewis base adducts of 9-bromo-9-borafluorene (BrBFl-LB, LB = IPr, IPrCH2, PPh3, and PCy3), parent borafluorenes (HBFl-IPr and HBFl-IPrCH2), and the bisadduct [(DMAP)2BFl]Br were prepared and structurally characterized (IPr = [(HCNDipp)2C:], IPrCH2 = [(HCNDipp)2C═CH2], Dipp = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3, and DMAP = N,N-dimethylaminopyridine). The adducts BrBFl-IPr, BrBFl-PPh3, BrBFl-PCy3, [(DMAP)2BFl]Br, BrBFl-IPrCH2, and HBFl-IPrCH2 were found to exhibit bright blue luminescence with low to moderately high quantum efficiencies (19 to 63%). Selective irradiation at different excitation wavelengths revealed the presence of two distinct emission processes in the adducts BrBFl-LB, leading to a ligand-independent, presumably borafluorene-based, blue light emission at 435 nm and another less intense emission band in the ultraviolet region (315-324 nm); [(DMAP)2BFl]Br exhibits an emission profile that tails into the visible region. Time-dependent density functional theory studies are also included for representative borafluorene adducts. With a judicious choice of functional groups at boron, one can envisage the future generation of a whole library of 4-coordinate borafluorene-based luminogens that complement the efficient light-emitting behavior known for the widely studied boron-dipyrromethene analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Berger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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13
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Swamy P. CA, Priyanka RN, Thilagar P. Triarylborane–dipyrromethane conjugates bearing dual receptor sites: the synthesis and evaluation of the anion binding site preference. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:4067-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Hinkens DM, Chen Q, Siddiki MK, Gosztola D, Tapsak MA, Qiao Q, Jeffries-EL M, Darling SB. Model compounds based on poly(p-phenylenevinyleneborane) and terthiophene: Investigating the p–n junction in diblock copolymers. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Tanaka K, Tamashima K, Nagai A, Okawa T, Chujo Y. Facile Modulation of Optical Properties of Diketonate-Containing Polymers by Regulating Complexation Ratios with Boron. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400368e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamashima
- Department of Polymer Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institutes for Molecular Science, Higashiyama, Okazaki,
Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Okawa
- Fine
Materials Business Division, Fine Chemicals Production Center, Osaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., Domecity Gas Bldg. 2-37,
Chiyozaki 3-chome-minami, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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16
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Kuhtz H, Cheng F, Schwedler S, Böhling L, Brockhinke A, Weber L, Parab K, Jäkle F. Luminescent Diazaborolyl-Functionalized Polystyrene. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:555-559. [PMID: 35607060 DOI: 10.1021/mz300071f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We present two different procedures for the synthesis of poly[4-(1',3'-diethyl-1',3',2'-benzodiazaborolyl)styrene] (3a) and poly[4-(1',3'-diphenyl-1',3',2'-benzodiazaborolyl)styrene] (3b). The new polymers were fully characterized by GPC, multinuclear NMR, and elemental analysis. The thermal properties and stability were studied by DSC and TGA, and the optical characteristics were examined by absorption and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Remarkably high quantum yields of up to 77% were measured. In comparison to molecular species we found significantly shorter lifetimes, likely as a result of incorporation of the chromophores into the polymer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Kuhtz
- Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615,
Germany
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | | | - Lena Böhling
- Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615,
Germany
| | | | - Lothar Weber
- Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615,
Germany
| | - Kshitij Parab
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University—Newark, 73
Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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17
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18
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Pammer F, Jäkle F. 3-Vinylborane-functionalized oligothiophenes: isomer-dependent electronic structure and fluorescence enhancement upon anion binding. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20177a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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