1
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Zhang X, Jiang X, Qin W, Zhang K, Xin Z, Zhao S. Effect of the lanthanum and cerium phenylphosphonates on the crystallization and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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2
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Zhang C, Liu G, Zhao Y, Wang K, Dong X, Li Z, Wang L, Wang D. Exploring the polymorphic behavior of a β‐nucleated propylene‐ethylene random copolymer under shear flow. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen University Shenzhen China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Guoming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Kezhi Wang
- Shanxi Institute of Chemical Industry LTD Taiyuan China
| | - Xia Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhongming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen University Shenzhen China
| | - Dujin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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3
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Jabbarzadeh A, Halfina B. Unravelling the effects of size, volume fraction and shape of nanoparticle additives on crystallization of nanocomposite polymers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4704-4721. [PMID: 36133133 PMCID: PMC9417632 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00525k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We conducted large scale molecular dynamics simulations to understand the effects of size, shape and volume fraction of additive nanoparticles on the crystallization of nanocomposite polymers. We used spherical and cubic gold nanoparticles of various sizes ranging from 2 to 8 nm to create hexacontane (C60H122)-gold nanocomposites at various volume fractions of 0.84-19.27%. We show that, regardless of the shape, decreasing the size of particles at the same volume fraction results in decreased final crystallinity. Similarly, for the same particle size, increasing the volume fraction causes a decrease in the crystal growth rate and final crystallinity. We demonstrate that this is a confinement induced phenomenon, and the free interparticle space captures the combined effects of particle size and volume fraction. If this free space is smaller than the extended length of the molecule or the characteristic size of the crystal lamella thickness of the polymer, significant slow-down in crystallinity will emerge. In this confinement limit, the interparticle free space controls the crystal growth rate and final crystallinity. We have developed the equations that predict the critical volume fraction (φ cr) for a given size or critical size (D cr) for a given volume fraction. For φ > φ cr or D < D cr, one would expect confinement induced retardation of crystallization. We also show that cubic particles result in a higher growth rate and crystallinity in comparison to spherical particles, purely due to their shape. Furthermore, cubic particles due to flat surfaces lead to distinct two-tier crystallisation kinetics manifested by enhanced crystallization at the early stage of crystallization, followed by slow crystallization due to confinement effects. This two-tier crystallization is more distinct at higher volume fractions. For spherical particles, however, this two-tier crystallization is almost absent and molecular crystallization near the particle is frustrated by the curved shape of the nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jabbarzadeh
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Beny Halfina
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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4
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Rajeev A, Basavaraj MG. Colloidal Particle-Induced Microstructural Transition in Cellulose/Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12428-12438. [PMID: 31461293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The role of colloidal particles in enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of liquid crystalline (LC) gels formed in microcrystalline cellulose/1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride/water mixtures is experimentally investigated by means of rheology and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The overshoot in loss modulus and increase in the melting temperature of LC domains as observed in differential scanning calorimetry signal a stronger interaction of cellulose with both hydrophobic polystyrene and hydrophilic silica nanoparticles which in turn point to considerable amphiphilic nature of cellulose. The aggregation of nanoparticles observed by POM and the rheological behavior point to the development of a sample-spanning network of cellulose-nanoparticle clusters during the sol-gel transition with an increase in concentration of water. Furthermore, the LC gels obey Chambon-Winter (CW) criterion, indicating a self-similar gel network, except at very high particle loadings. Moreover, the LC domains show a temporal evolution into a space-spanning network of cellulose spherulites. The evolution process largely depends on the particle concentration, with highly loaded samples showing quicker evolution, which leads to a violation of the CW criterion. Furthermore, the temperature-induced microstructural transition (with and without shear) is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna Rajeev
- Polymer Engineering and Colloid Science Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Madivala G Basavaraj
- Polymer Engineering and Colloid Science Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
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5
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Li C, Tong C, Meng X, Xin Z, Shi Y. Effect of nucleating agent supported on zeolite via the impregnation on the crystallization ability of isotactic polypropylene and its mechanism. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Department of Production Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Chuangchuang Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Department of Production Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xin Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Department of Production Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Zhong Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Department of Production Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yaoqi Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Department of Production Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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6
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Wilsens CHRM, Hawke LGD, de Kort GW, Saidi S, Roy M, Leoné N, Hermida-Merino D, Peters GWM, Rastogi S. Effect of Thermal History and Shear on the Viscoelastic Response of iPP Containing an Oxalamide-Based Organic Compound. Macromolecules 2019; 52:2789-2802. [PMID: 30983633 PMCID: PMC6459004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
report on the role of temperature and shear on the melt behavior
of iPP in the presence of the organic compound N1,N1′-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(N2-hexyloxalamide) (OXA3,6). It is demonstrated
that OXA3,6 facilitates a viscosity suppression when
it resides in the molten state. The viscosity suppression is attributed
to the interaction of iPP chains/subchains with molten OXA3,6 nanoclusters. The exact molecular mechanism has not
been identified; nevertheless, a tentative explanation is proposed.
The observed viscosity suppression appears similar to that encountered
in polymer melts filled with solid nanoparticles, with the difference
that the OXA3,6 compound reported in this study facilitates
the viscosity suppression in the molten state. Upon cooling, as crystal
growth of OXA3,6 progresses, the decrease in viscosity
is suppressed. Retrospectively, segmental absorption of iPP chains on the surface of micrometer-sized OXA3,6 crystallites
favors the formation of dangling arms, yielding OXA3,6 crystallites decorated with partially absorbed iPP chains. In other words, the resulting OXA3,6 particle
morphology resembles that of a hairy particle or a starlike polymer
chain. Such hairy particles effectively facilitate a viscosity enhancement,
similar to branched polymer chains. This hypothesis and its implications
for the shear behavior of iPP are discussed and supported
using plate–plate rheometry and slit-flow experiments combined
with small-angle X-ray scattering analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolus H R M Wilsens
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence G D Hawke
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs W de Kort
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Saidi
- LMOPS, EA 4423, Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupelec Metz, 2 rue Edouard Belin, F-57070 Metz, France.,Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), DUBBLE@ESRF BP CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Manta Roy
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Leoné
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Hermida-Merino
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), DUBBLE@ESRF BP CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Gerrit W M Peters
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sanjay Rastogi
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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7
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Sheng D, Ji F, Dong L, Xu S, Wu H, Yang Y. Graphene size-dependent phase change behaviors of in situ reduced grapehene oxide/polyurethane-based solid-solid phase change composites. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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8
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Zhao S, Qin W, Xin Z, Zhou S, Gong H, Ni Y, Zhang K. In situ generation of a self-dispersed β-nucleating agent with increased nucleation efficiency in isotactic polypropylene. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Wilsens CHRM, Hawke LGD, Troisi EM, Hermida-Merino D, de Kort G, Leoné N, Saralidze K, Peters GWM, Rastogi S. Effect of Self-Assembly of Oxalamide Based Organic Compounds on Melt Behavior, Nucleation, and Crystallization of Isotactic Polypropylene. Macromolecules 2018; 51:4882-4895. [PMID: 30018462 PMCID: PMC6041772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report on the
effect of an aliphatic oxalamide based nucleating
agent (OXA3,6) on the melt and crystallization behavior
of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) under defined shear
conditions. Through polarized optical microscopy, we demonstrate that OXA3,6 self-assembles from the iPP melt into
rhombic crystals whereas their size and distribution proved highly
dependent on the employed cooling rates. The presence of 0.5 wt %
of OXA3,6 in iPP results in a significant
suppression in iPP melt viscosity, which could not
be explained via molecular modeling. A possible cause for the drop
in viscosity in the presence of OXA3,6 is attributed
to the interaction (absorption) of high molecular weight iPP chains with the nucleating agent, thereby suppressing their contribution
to the viscoelastic response of the melt. This proposed mechanism
for the suppression in melt viscosity appears similar to that encountered
by the homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles such as CNTs, graphene,
and silica. Shear experiments, performed using a slit flow device
combined with small-angle X-ray diffraction measurements, indicate
that crystallization is significantly enhanced in the presence of OXA3,6 at relatively low shear rates despite its lowered sensitivity
to shear. This enhancement in crystallization is attributed to the
shear alignment of the rhombic OXA3,6 crystals that provide
surface for iPP kebab growth upon cooling. Overall,
the suppression in melt viscosity in combination with enhanced nucleation
efficiency at low as well as high shear rates makes this self-assembling
oxalamide based nucleating agent a promising candidate for fast processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolus H R M Wilsens
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence G D Hawke
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico M Troisi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Hermida-Merino
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), DUBBLE@ESRF BP CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Gijs de Kort
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Leoné
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ketie Saralidze
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit W M Peters
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sanjay Rastogi
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute of BioBased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Zhang Q, Li L, Su F, Ji Y, Ali S, Zhao H, Meng L, Li L. From Molecular Entanglement Network to Crystal-Cross-Linked Network and Crystal Scaffold during Film Blowing of Polyethylene: An in Situ Synchrotron Radiation Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianlei Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lifu Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fengmei Su
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Youxin Ji
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sarmad Ali
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haoyuan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lingpu Meng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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11
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Rostami A, Vahdati M, Alimoradi Y, Karimi M, Nazockdast H. Rheology provides insight into flow induced nano-structural breakdown and its recovery effect on crystallization of single and hybrid carbon nanofiller filled poly(lactic acid). POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Zhou SY, Niu B, Xie XL, Ji X, Zhong GJ, Hsiao BS, Li ZM. Interfacial Shish-Kebabs Lengthened by Coupling Effect of In Situ Flexible Nanofibrils and Intense Shear Flow: Achieving Hierarchy To Conquer the Conflicts between Strength and Toughness of Polylactide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10148-10159. [PMID: 28252280 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The challenge of hitherto elaborating a feasible pathway to overcome the conflicts between strength and toughness of polylactide (PLA) still remains among academia and industry. In the current work, a unique hierarchal structure of flexible poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in situ nanofibrils integrating with abundant PLA shish-kebabs as a strong building block was disclosed and expresses its capability to conquer this dilemma. Substantially simultaneous enhancement on tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break could be achieved up to 91.2 MPa, 14.9 KJ/m2, and 15.7%, respectively, compared with pure PLA (61.5 MPa, 4.3 KJ/m2, and 6.2%). Through investigating the phase (and crystalline) morphology and molecular chain behavior in the PLA/PBAT system, the formation mechanism of this structure facilitated by a coupling effect of PBAT flexible phase and shear flow was definitely elucidated. The dispersed phase of PBAT would be more inclined to existing as a fibrillar form within the PLA matrix benefiting from low interfacial tension. Interestingly, this phase morphology with large specific surface area changes the crystallization behavior of PLA significantly, once introducing an intense shear flow (∼103 s-1), in situ shear-formed nanofibrils of PBAT would show strong coupling effect with shear flow on PLA crystallization: they can not only induce abundant shish-kebabs of PLA at its interfaces, which possesses lengthened shish and more densely arranged kebabs, but also further retard the relaxation of PLA chains through hysteretic relaxation of its PBAT phase, which can effectively prevent the collapse of established shish. Of immense significance is this particular hierarchical-architecture composed by flexible nanofibers (PBAT) and rigid shish-kebabs (PLA), which provides significant guidance for the simultaneous reinforcement and toughness of polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yang Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Ben Niu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Xu-Long Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Xu Ji
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610065 Sichuan China
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13
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Wang S, Ajji A, Guo S, Xiong C. Preparation of Microporous Polypropylene/Titanium Dioxide Composite Membranes with Enhanced Electrolyte Uptake Capability via Melt Extruding and Stretching. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9030110. [PMID: 30970788 PMCID: PMC6432145 DOI: 10.3390/polym9030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a blending strategy based on compounding the hydrophilic titanium dioxide (TiO₂) particles with the host polypropylene (PP) pellets, followed by the common membrane manufacture process of melt extruding/annealing/stretching, was used to improve the polarity and thus electrolyte uptake capability of the PP-based microporous membranes. The influence of the TiO₂ particles on the crystallinity and crystalline orientation of the PP matrix was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared dichroic methods. The results showed that the TiO₂ incorporation has little influence on the oriented lamellar structure of the PP-based composite films. Investigations of the deformation behavior indicated that both the lamellar separation and interfacial debonding occurred when the PP/TiO₂ composite films were subjected to uniaxial tensile stress. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations verified that two forms of micropores were generated in the stretched PP/TiO₂ composite membranes. Compared to the virgin PP membrane, the PP/TiO₂ composite membranes especially at high TiO₂ loadings showed significant improvements in terms of water vapor permeability, polarity, and electrolyte uptake capability. The electrolyte uptake of the PP/TiO₂ composite membrane with 40 wt % TiO₂ was 104%, which had almost doubled compared with that of the virgin PP membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- CREPEC, Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
| | - Shaoyun Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Chuanxi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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14
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Han R, Nie M, Wang Q, Yan S. Self-Assembly β Nucleating Agent Induced Polymorphic Transition from α-Form Shish Kebab to β-Form Highly Ordered Lamella under Intense Shear Field. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Min Nie
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
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15
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Xie XL, Sang ZH, Xu JZ, Zhong GJ, Li ZM, Ji X, Wang R, Xu L. Layer structure by shear-induced crystallization and thermal mechanical properties of injection-molded poly(l-lactide) with nucleating agents. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Synergistic effects of shear flow and nucleating agents on the crystallization mechanisms of Poly (Lactic Acid). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Fan J, Zhang Q, Hu D, Ren Q, Feng J. Relaxation behavior of shear-induced crystallization precursors in isotactic polypropylene containing sorbitol-based nucleating agents with different nucleating abilities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8926-37. [PMID: 26960681 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00242k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nature of shear-induced crystallization precursors, especially their relaxation behaviour, is an important issue in polymer chemical physics. In our work, relaxation behavior of shear-induced crystallization precursors in isotactic polypropylene containing various sorbitol-based nucleating agents (NAs) with different nucleating abilities was investigated by using both rheological and in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) methods. Rheological crystallization kinetics results showed that the amount of shear-induced precursors, calculated separately from the total nuclei, decayed exponentially with relaxation time in both pure and nucleated iPP. By fitting the decay of shear-induced precursors with relaxation time, the relaxation rate of precursors in nucleated iPP was found to be slower than that in pure iPP. Interestingly, it further decreased with the increase in the nucleating ability of sorbitol-based NAs. Meanwhile, the life-time of precursors was prolonged in nucleated iPP with increasing nucleating ability. Similar results were also testified by in situ SAXS measurements. By investigating the life-times at different temperatures, the activation energy for the relaxation of precursors was calculated and found to increase with stronger nucleating abilities. Our results demonstrated that sorbitol-based NAs could stabilize the iPP precursors and the effect of stabilization enhanced with the increase in nucleating ability. We believe that our work can not only help better reveal the relaxation behavior of shear-induced precursors but also provides a new perspective for understanding the role of NAs in real processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Dingding Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Qilin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
| | - Jiachun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.
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18
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Joint effects of molecular structure and crystal morphology of organophosphate monovalent salts on nucleated isotactic poly(propylene). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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DeLaCruz-Araujo RA, Beltran-Villegas DJ, Larson RG, Córdova-Figueroa UM. Rich Janus colloid phase behavior under steady shear. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:4071-81. [PMID: 26988462 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00183a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We study the assembly of single-patch colloidal Janus particles under steady shear flow via Brownian dynamics simulations. In the absence of flow, by varying the Janus patch size and the range and strength of the anisotropic interaction potential, Janus colloids form different aggregates such as micelles, wormlike clusters, vesicles and lamellae. Under shear flow we observe rearrangement, deformation, and break-up of aggregates. At small and intermediate Péclet (Pe) numbers-the ratio between shear and Brownian forces-the competition between rearrangement, deformation, and break-up favors the growth of micelles and vesicles increasing mean cluster size, which is consistent with a previous numerical study of Janus particles under shear. This initial shear-induced growth causes micelles and vesicles to reach a maximum cluster size at Pe ≈ 1 and Pe ≈ 10, respectively. After this growth micelles dissociate continuously to reach a dilute colloidal "gas phase" at Pe ≈ 10 while vesicles dissociate into micelles with high aspect ratio at Pe ≈ 10 and finally break-up into a gas phase at Pe ≈ 30. Wormlike clusters initially break-up into micelles with high aspect ratio at Pe ≈ 0.1, and proceed to finally reach a gas phase at Pe ≈ 10. Lamellae initially break into smaller lamellae that align with the flow in the velocity-velocity-gradient plane and finally break-up into a gas phase at Pe ≈ 100. The different cluster sizes and morphologies observed as functions of interaction range, Janus patch size, interaction strength, and shear rate, open new actuation routes for reconfigurable materials and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronal A DeLaCruz-Araujo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico - Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA.
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Wang J, Yang J, Deng L, Fang H, Zhang Y, Wang Z. More dominant shear flow effect assisted by added carbon nanotubes on crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene in nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:1364-1375. [PMID: 25569561 DOI: 10.1021/am507938s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
More dominant shear flow effect with different shear rates and shear time with assistance of added carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of low amounts on the crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in CNT/iPP nanocomposites was investigated by applying differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and rheometer. CNTs were chemically modified to improve the dispersity in the iPP matrix. CNT/iPP nanocomposites with different CNT contents were prepared by solution blending method. The crystallization kinetics for CNT/iPP nanocomposites under the quiescent condition studied by DSC indicates that the addition of CNTs of low amounts significantly accelerates crystallization of iPP due to heterogeneous nucleating effect of CNTs, whereas a saturation effect exists at above a critical CNT content. The shear-induced crystallization behaviors for CNT/iPP nanocomposites studied by POM and rheometry demonstrate the continuously accelerated crystallization kinetics with assistance from added CNTs, with increasing CNT content, shear rate, and shear time, without any saturation effect. The changes of nucleation density for CNT/iPP nanocomposites under different shear conditions can be quantified by using a space-filling modeling from the rheological measurements, and the results illustrate that the combined effects of added CNTs and shear flow on the acceleration of crystallization kinetics are not additive, but synergetic. The mechanisms for the synergetic effect of added CNTs and shear flow are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
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21
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Zhang L, Shi W, Cheng H, Han CC. Reexamination of shish kebab formation in poly(ethylene oxide) melts. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Bai H, Liu H, Bai D, Zhang Q, Wang K, Deng H, Chen F, Fu Q. Enhancing the melt stability of polylactide stereocomplexes using a solid-state cross-linking strategy during a melt-blending process. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00700j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective cross-linking of PLLA and PDLA chain couples in the amorphous phase allows for the formation of stereocomplex (sc) crystallites in the continuous melting and recrystallization process to be perfectly reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- College of Light Industry
- Textile and Food Engineering
| | - Huili Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Dongyu Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hua Deng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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23
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Sarkari NM, Katbab AA, Nazockdast H. Evaluation of flow-induced nanoclay orientation and microstructural stability in polyethylene/clay nanocomposites via melt rheological and thermal analysis. E-POLYMERS 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2013-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe effects of shear rate upon the flow-induced nanoclay orientation and morphological stability in film blown polyethylene clay nanocomposites were studied by means of linear and nonlinear rheological characterization parallel with differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Nanocomposite samples were prepared using a modular twin screw extruder followed by film processing technique. XRD analysis performed on film samples showed that the samples exhibited intercalated/exfoliated microstructure. The 3D physical networks were formed by the clay nanolayers in the structures of undrawn samples. However, the breakdown of the clay physical networks during film processing as a result of the imposed shear field within the die area and also an elongational flow field was evidenced. Time sweep test performed at various shear rates and shearing times using a rheometric mechanical spectrometer showed that, in all samples, the time required for the restructurization of the clay nanolayers during relaxation of the melt was found to be higher than 3600 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Mostofi Sarkari
- 1Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Katbab
- 1Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- 1Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Tian N, Liu D, Meng L, Zhou W, Hu T, Li X, Li L. How flow affects crystallization in a heterogeneous polyethylene oxide melt. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46504g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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