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Hendeniya N, Chittick C, Hillery K, Abtahi S, Mosher C, Chang B. Revealing the Kinetic Phase Behavior of Block Copolymer Complexes Using Solvent Vapor Absorption-Desorption Isotherms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18144-18153. [PMID: 38530201 PMCID: PMC11009910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the self-assembled morphologies in block copolymers heavily depends on their molecular architecture and processing conditions. Solvent vapor annealing is a versatile processive pathway to obtain highly periodic self-assemblies from high chi (χ) block copolymers (BCPs) and supramolecular BCP complexes. Despite the importance of navigating the energy landscape, controlled solvent vapor annealing (SVA) has not been investigated in BCP complexes, partly due to its intricate multicomponent nature. We introduce characteristic absorption-desorption solvent vapor isotherms as an effective way to understand swelling behavior and follow the morphological evolution of the polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) block copolymer complexed with pentadecylphenol (PS-b-P4VP(PDP)). Using the sorption isotherms, we identify the glass transition points, polymer-solvent interaction parameters, and bulk modulus. These parameters indicate that complexation completely screens the polymer interchain interactions. Furthermore, we established that the sorption isotherm of the homopolymer blocks serves to deconvolute the intricacy of BCP complexes. We applied our findings by developing annealing pathways for grain coarsening while preventing macroscopic film dewetting under SVA. Here, grain coarsening obeyed a power law and the growth exponent revealed a kinetic transition point for rapid self-assembly. Overall, SVA-based sorption isotherms have emerged as a critical method for understanding and developing annealing pathways for BCP complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayanathara Hendeniya
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Caden Chittick
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Hillery
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Shaghayegh Abtahi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Curtis Mosher
- Roy
J. Carver High-Resolution Microscopy Facility, Office of Biotechnology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Boyce Chang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Micro-Electronics
Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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2
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Hendeniya N, Hillery K, Chang BS. Processive Pathways to Metastability in Block Copolymer Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030498. [PMID: 36771799 PMCID: PMC9920306 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers (BCPs) self-assemble into intricate nanostructures that enhance a multitude of advanced applications in semiconductor processing, membrane science, nanopatterned coatings, nanocomposites, and battery research. Kinetics and thermodynamics of self-assembly are crucial considerations in controlling the nanostructure of BCP thin films. The equilibrium structure is governed by a molecular architecture and the chemistry of its repeat units. An enormous library of materials has been synthesized and they naturally produce a rich equilibrium phase diagram. Non-equilibrium phases could potentially broaden the structural diversity of BCPs and relax the synthetic burden of creating new molecules. Furthermore, the reliance on synthesis could be complicated by the scalability and the materials compatibility. Non-equilibrium phases in BCPs, however, are less explored, likely due to the challenges in stabilizing the metastable structures. Over the past few decades, a variety of processing techniques were introduced that influence the phase transformation of BCPs to achieve a wide range of morphologies. Nonetheless, there is a knowledge gap on how different processive pathways can induce and control the non-equilibrium phases in BCP thin films. In this review, we focus on different solvent-induced and thermally induced processive pathways, and their potential to control the non-equilibrium phases with regards to their unique aspects and advantages. Furthermore, we elucidate the limitations of these pathways and discuss the potential avenues for future investigations.
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3
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Kim EJ, Shin JJ, Lee GS, Kim S, Park S, Park J, Choe Y, Lee D, Choi J, Bang J, Kim YH, Li S, Hur SM, Kim JG, Kim BJ. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Poly(vinylpyridine)-Containing Brush Block Copolymers: Combined Synthesis of Grafting-Through and Grafting-to Approaches. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeman J. Shin
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Gue Seon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhae Park
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojin Choe
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Hur
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute & School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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4
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Lee D, Kim J, Ku KH, Li S, Shin JJ, Kim B. Poly(vinylpyridine)-Containing Block Copolymers for Smart, Multicompartment Particles. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicompartment particles generated by the self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) have received considerable attention due to their unique morphologies and functionalities. A class of important building blocks for multicomponent particles...
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5
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Wu C, Zheng J, Hu J. Novel antifouling polysulfone matrix membrane modified with zwitterionic polymer. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Werner JG, Lee H, Wiesner U, Weitz DA. Ordered Mesoporous Microcapsules from Double Emulsion Confined Block Copolymer Self-Assembly. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3490-3499. [PMID: 33556234 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric microcapsules with shells containing homogeneous pores with uniform diameter on the nanometer scale are reported. The mesoporous microcapsules are obtained from confined self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers with a selective porogen in the shell of water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion drops. The use of double emulsion drops as a liquid template enables the formation of homogeneous capsules of 100s of microns in diameter, with aqueous cores encapsulated in a shell membrane with a tunable thickness of 100s of nanometers to 10s of microns. Microcapsules with shells that exhibit an ordered gyroidal morphology and three-dimensionally connected mesopores are obtained from the triblock terpolymer poly(isoprene)-block-poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) coassembled with pentadecylphenol as a porogen. The bicontinuous shell morphology yields nanoporous paths connecting the inside to the outside of the microcapsule after porogen removal; by contrast, one-dimensional hexagonally packed cylindrical pores, obtained from a traditional diblock copolymer system with parallel alignment to the surface, would block transport through the shell. To enable the mesoporous microcapsules to withstand harsh conditions, such as exposure to organic solvents, without rupture of the shell, we develop a cross-linking method of the nanostructured triblock terpolymer shell after its self-assembly. The microcapsules exhibit pH-responsive permeability to polymeric solutes, demonstrating their potential as a filtration medium for actively tunable macromolecular separation and purification. Furthermore, we report a tunable dual-phase separation method to fabricate microcapsules with hierarchically porous shells that exhibit ordered mesoporous membrane walls within sponge-like micron-sized macropores to further control shell permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg G Werner
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hyomin Lee
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ulrich Wiesner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - David A Weitz
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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7
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Nanoparticle assembly under block copolymer confinement: The effect of nanoparticle size and confinement strength. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:441-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Chang BS, Ma L, He M, Xu T. NMR Studies of Block Copolymer-Based Supramolecules in Solution. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1060-1066. [PMID: 35648616 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical assemblies from block copolymer (BCP)-based supramolecules have shown immense potential as programmable materials owing to their versatility for incorporating functional molecules and provide access to arrays of hierarchical structures. However, there remains a knowledge gap on the formation of the supramolecule in solution. Here, we applied NMR techniques to investigate the solution-phase behavior of the most studied supramolecular systems, polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)(3-pentadecylphenol) (PS-b-P4VP(PDP)r). The results show that the supramolecule likely adopts a coil-comb conformation, despite the small molecule's (PDP) rapid exchange between the bonded and free states. The exchange rate (>104 s-1) exceeds the NMR time scale at the frequency of interest. The supramolecules form under dilute conditions (∼2 vol %) and are attributed to the enthalpic gain of the hydrogen bonding between the PDP and 4VP. As the solute concentration increases (>10 vol %), the supramolecule forms micelle-like aggregates with PDP accumulated within the comb-block's pervaded volume based on analysis of the apparent molecular weight, viscosity, and chain dynamics. This work sheds light on the long-standing question regarding the evolution of the constituents in the BCP-based supramolecule in solution and provides valuable guidance toward their solution-based processing and morphological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyce S Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mengdi He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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9
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Yang Y, Kang TH, Wang K, Ren M, Chen S, Xiong B, Xu J, Zhang L, Yi GR, Zhu J. Tunable Photonic Microspheres of Comb-Like Supramolecules. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001315. [PMID: 32567198 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals (PCs) are ideal candidates for reflective color pigments with high color purity and brightness due to tunable optical stop band. Herein, the generation of PC microspheres through 3D confined supramolecular assembly of block copolymers (polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine), PS-b-P2VP) and small molecules (3-n-pentadecylphenol, PDP) in emulsion droplets is demonstrated. The intrinsic structural colors of the PC microspheres are effectively regulated by tuning hydrogen-bonding interaction between P2VP blocks and PDP, where reflected color can be readily tuned across the whole visible spectrum range. Also, the effects of both PDP and homopolymer (hPS) on periodic structure and optical properties of the microspheres are investigated. Moreover, the spectral results of finite element method (FEM) simulation agree well with the variation of structural colors by tuning the periodicity in PC microspheres. The supramolecular microspheres with tunable intrinsic structural color can be potentially useful in the various practical applications including display, anti-counterfeit printing and painting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tae-Hui Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Min Ren
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Senbin Chen
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bijin Xiong
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
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10
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Basutkar MN, Majewski PW, Doerk GS, Toth K, Osuji CO, Karim A, Yager KG. Aligned Morphologies in Near-Edge Regions of Block Copolymer Thin Films. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monali N. Basutkar
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | | | - Gregory S. Doerk
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Kristof Toth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Chinedum O. Osuji
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alamgir Karim
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kevin G. Yager
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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11
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Wu C, Zhou Y, Wang H, Hu J. P4VP Modified Zwitterionic Polymer for the Preparation of Antifouling Functionalized Surfaces. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E706. [PMID: 31067668 PMCID: PMC6566957 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers are suitable for replacing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers because of their better antifouling properties, but zwitterionic polymers have poor mechanical properties, strong water absorption, and their homopolymers should not be used directly. To solve these problems, a reversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization process was used to prepare copolymers comprised of zwitterionic side chains that were attached to an ITO glass substrate using spin-casting. The presence of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and zwitterion chains on these polymer-coated ITO surfaces was confirmed using 1H NMR, FTIR, and GPC analyses, with successful surface functionalization confirmed using water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies. Changes in water contact angles and C/O ratios (XPS) analysis demonstrated that the functionalization of these polymers with β-propiolactone resulted in hydrophilic mixed 4VP/zwitterionic polymers. Protein adsorption and cell attachment assays were used to optimize the ratio of the zwitterionic component to maximize the antifouling properties of the polymer brush surface. This work demonstrated that the antifouling surface coatings could be readily prepared using a "P4VP-modified" method, that is, the functionality of P4VP to modify the prepared zwitterionic polymer. We believe these materials are likely to be useful for the preparation of biomaterials for biosensing and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Yudan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Haitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Jianhua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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12
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Lu M, Zhu H, Bazuin CG, Peng W, Masson JF. Polymer-Templated Gold Nanoparticles on Optical Fibers for Enhanced-Sensitivity Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors. ACS Sens 2019; 4:613-622. [PMID: 30698009 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dense arrays of well-dispersed gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on optical fibers are shown to bridge the gap in sensitivity and sensing performance between localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and classical SPR sensing. A simple self-assembly method relying on a poly(styrene- b-4-vinylpyridine) (PS- b-P4VP) block copolymer brush layer was used to immobilize AuNPs of different diameters from 10 to 92 nm on optical fibers. In comparison with standard AuNP deposition methods using (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and polyelectrolytes, the sensitivity with the PS- b-P4VP templating method was found to be 3-fold better, a consequence of the smaller gap between particles and the presence of fewer AuNP aggregates. Hence, the sensitivity of the LSPR sensor for IgG was comparable to a classical SPR, also on optical fibers, and about 68% of that for a prism-based wavelength-interrogation SPR instrument. The reproducibility and the detection limit of the LSPR sensor were about the same as the SPR sensor. The enhanced performance of the LSPR sensors using the PS- b-P4VP block copolymer fabrication method paves the way for use of these LSPR biosensors in a smaller and more cost-effective platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Lu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Département de chimie and Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hu Zhu
- Département de chimie and Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - C. Geraldine Bazuin
- Département de chimie and Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jean-Francois Masson
- Département de chimie and Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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13
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Evans K, Xu T. Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Thin Films: Role of Small Molecule and Solvent Vapor Annealing. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting Xu
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Wang C, Wang TM, Wang QH. Ultralow-dielectric, nanoporous poly(methyl silsesquioxanes) films templated by a self-assembled block copolymer upon solvent annealing. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Ku KH, Lee YJ, Yi GR, Jang SG, Schmidt BVKJ, Liao K, Klinger D, Hawker CJ, Kim BJ. Shape-Tunable Biphasic Janus Particles as pH-Responsive Switchable Surfactants. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hee Ku
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Gyu Jang
- Applied
Quantum Composites Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kin Liao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Freie Universität
Berlin, Königin-Luise Str. 2-4, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials
Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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16
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Yang Q, Loos K. Perpendicular Structure Formation of Block Copolymer Thin Films during Thermal Solvent Vapor Annealing: Solvent and Thickness Effects. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E525. [PMID: 30965824 PMCID: PMC6418618 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Solvent vapor annealing of block copolymer (BCP) thin films can produce a range of interesting morphologies, especially when the perpendicular orientation of micro-domains with respect to the substrate plays a role. This, for instance, allows BCP thin films to serve as useful templates for nanolithography and hybrid materials preparation. However, precise control of the arising morphologies is essential, but in most cases difficult to achieve. In this work, we investigated the solvent and thickness effects on the morphology of poly(styrene-b-2 vinyl pyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) thin films with a film thickness range from 0.4 L₀ up to 0.8 L₀. Ordered perpendicular structures were achieved. One of the main merits of our work is that the phase behavior of the ultra-high molecular weight BCP thin films, which hold a 100-nm sized domain distance, can be easily monitored via current available techniques, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Systematic monitoring of the self-assembly behavior during solvent vapor annealing can thus provide an experimental guideline for the optimization of processing conditions of related BCP films systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Yang
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry & New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Poupart R, Benlahoues A, Le Droumaguet B, Grande D. Porous Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Nanoreactors Prepared from Smartly Designed Functional Polystyrene-block-Poly(d,l-Lactide) Diblock Copolymers: Toward Efficient Systems for Catalytic Cascade Reaction Processes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:31279-31290. [PMID: 28266836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Original porous catalytic supports can be engineered via an effective and straightforward synthetic route to polystyrene-block-poly(d,l-lactide) diblock copolymer precursors displaying an acid-cleavable acetal junction between both blocks. To this purpose, we synthesized an acetal-containing heterodifunctional initiator, thus enabling to combine two different polymerization methods, i.e., first atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, and then ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of d,l-lactide. Thanks to the labile nature of the acetal junction, oriented porous frameworks could be obtained upon trifluoroacetic acid-mediated cleavage of the latter, after orientation of the block copolymer nanodomains by solvent vapor annealing. The resulting porous materials bearing a reactive aldehyde function at the pore surface allowed for further chemical modification via reductive amination with amino-containing compounds, such as tetraethylenepentamine, thus leading to amine-functionalized porous polystyrene. In situ generated gold nanoparticles could then be immobilized within such functionalized porous nanoreactors, and these hybrid materials could find interesting applications in heterogeneous supported catalysis. In this regard, model catalytic reactions, including C-C homocoupling of benzeneboronic acid derivatives, hydride-mediated reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, and especially unprecedented "one-pot" cascade reactions consisting of the latter consecutive reactions from 3-nitrobenzeneboronic acid, were successfully monitored by different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Poupart
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Antoine Benlahoues
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Benjamin Le Droumaguet
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Daniel Grande
- Université Paris-Est , Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC, 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
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18
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Radjabian M, Abetz C, Fischer B, Meyer A, Lademann B, Abetz V. Structure Formation of Binary Blends of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Solution and in Bulk. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Radjabian
- Institute of Polymer Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Max-Planck-Str. 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
| | - Clarissa Abetz
- Institute of Polymer Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Max-Planck-Str. 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
| | - Birgit Fischer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Brigitte Lademann
- Institute of Polymer Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Max-Planck-Str. 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Polymer Research; Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Max-Planck-Str. 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg; Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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19
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Kumari P, Khawas K, Bera MK, Hazra S, Malik S, Kuila BK. Enhanced Charge Carrier Mobility and Tailored Luminescence of n-Type Organic Semiconductor through Block Copolymer Supramolecular Assembly. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kumari
- Centre for Applied Chemistry; Central University of Jharkhand; Brambe Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
| | - Koomkoom Khawas
- Centre for Applied Chemistry; Central University of Jharkhand; Brambe Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
| | - Manas Kumar Bera
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sunit Hazra
- Centre for Applied Chemistry; Central University of Jharkhand; Brambe Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
| | - Sudip Malik
- Polymer Science Unit; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A&2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Biplab Kumar Kuila
- Centre for Applied Chemistry; Central University of Jharkhand; Brambe Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
- Center for Excellence in Green and Efficient Energy Technology; Central University of Jharkhand; Brambe Ranchi 835205 Jharkhand India
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20
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Hofman AH, ten Brinke G, Loos K. Hierarchical structure formation in supramolecular comb-shaped block copolymers. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Majewski PW, Yager KG. Rapid ordering of block copolymer thin films. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:403002. [PMID: 27537062 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/40/403002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Block-copolymers self-assemble into diverse morphologies, where nanoscale order can be finely tuned via block architecture and processing conditions. However, the ultimate usage of these materials in real-world applications may be hampered by the extremely long thermal annealing times-hours or days-required to achieve good order. Here, we provide an overview of the fundamentals of block-copolymer self-assembly kinetics, and review the techniques that have been demonstrated to influence, and enhance, these ordering kinetics. We discuss the inherent tradeoffs between oven annealing, solvent annealing, microwave annealing, zone annealing, and other directed self-assembly methods; including an assessment of spatial and temporal characteristics. We also review both real-space and reciprocal-space analysis techniques for quantifying order in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel W Majewski
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA. Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Cong Y, Zhou Q, Wang L, Xu Y, Fang J. Supramolecular self-assembly of block copolymer based on rigid surfactant. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427216080218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Shin S, Moon S, Seo M, Kim SY. Synthesis of coil-comb block copolymers containing polystyrene coil and poly(methyl methacrylate) side chains via atom transfer radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonhee Shin
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Seohyun Moon
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology; KAIST; Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Youl Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea
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24
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Li W, Wang K, Zhang P, He J, Xu S, Liao Y, Zhu J, Xie X, Nie Z. Self-Assembly of Shaped Nanoparticles into Free-Standing 2D and 3D Superlattices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:499-505. [PMID: 26649814 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a novel supramolecular assembly-mediated strategy for the organization of Au nanoparticles (NPs) with different shapes (e.g., spheres, rods, and cubes) into large-area, free-standing 2D and 3D superlattices. This robust approach involves two major steps: (i) the organization of polymer-tethered NPs within the assemblies of supramolecular comblike block copolymers (CBCPs), and (ii) the disassembly of the assembled CBCP structures to produce free-standing NP superlattices. It is demonstrated that the crystal structures and lattice constants of the superlattices can be readily tailored by varying the molecular weight of tethered polymers, the volume fraction of NPs, and the matrix of CBCPs. This template-free approach may open a new avenue for the assembly of NPs into 2D and 3D structures with a wide range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jie He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shaoyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yonggui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Large-Format Battery Materials and System of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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25
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Sutisna B, Polymeropoulos G, Mygiakis E, Musteata V, Peinemann KV, Smilgies DM, Hadjichristidis N, Nunes SP. Artificial membranes with selective nanochannels for protein transport. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Membranes based on poly(styrene-b-4-hydroxystyrene-b-styrene) were prepared with nanochannels for preferential transport of proteins with molecular weight 14.3 kg mol−1 and rejection of neutral polyethylene glycol molecules with molecular size of 10 kg mol−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sutisna
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - G. Polymeropoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - E. Mygiakis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - V. Musteata
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - K.-V. Peinemann
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC)
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - D.-M. Smilgies
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source
- Wilson Laboratory
- Cornell University
- Ithaca
- USA
| | - N. Hadjichristidis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
| | - S. P. Nunes
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE)
- Thuwal
- Saudi Arabia
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26
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Tillmann SD, Hermida-Merino D, Winter M, Cekic-Laskovic I, Loos K. Nanoporous polymer foams derived from high molecular PS-b-P4VP(PDP) xfor template-directed synthesis approaches. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various nanoporous block copolymers derived from supramolecular complexes PS-b-P4VP(PDP) are presented as templates for template-directed synthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Tillmann
- MEET Battery Research Center
- University of Muenster
- 48149 Muenster
- Germany
| | - D. Hermida-Merino
- BM26/DUBBLE
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron
- 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | - M. Winter
- MEET Battery Research Center
- University of Muenster
- 48149 Muenster
- Germany
| | - I. Cekic-Laskovic
- MEET Battery Research Center
- University of Muenster
- 48149 Muenster
- Germany
| | - K. Loos
- University of Groningen
- Department of Polymer Chemistry & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- NL-9747AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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27
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Berezkin AV, Papadakis CM, Potemkin II. Vertical Domain Orientation in Cylinder-Forming Diblock Copolymer Films upon Solvent Vapor Annealing. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V. Berezkin
- Physik-Department,
Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str.
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Physik-Department,
Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str.
1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Igor I. Potemkin
- Physics
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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28
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Cao L, Gong C, Yang J. A Solution-Processable (Tetraaniline-b-Polyethylene Glycol)3 Star-Shaped Rod-Coil Block Copolymer with Enhanced Electrochromic Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 37:343-50. [PMID: 26663524 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel electroactive star-shaped rod-coil copolymer composed of a benzene core and three symmetrically positioned tetraaniline-b-poly(ethylene glycol) arms, (TAni-b-PEG)3 rod-coil block copolymer, is synthesized successfully and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis, (1)H NMR, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. Uniform and high-quality (TAni-b-PEG)3 thin films onto indium tin oxide-coated glass surface are fabricated simply from its DMF solution. Resulting (TAni-b-PEG)3 copolymer thin films possess excellent electrochromic properties with a high optical contrast of 73.3%, superb coloration efficiency of 318.5 cm(2) C(-1) at 750 nm. Very short switching times, that is, 2.11 s and 2.14 s for coloring and bleaching times, respectively, are observed as well. The mechanism of these impressive electrochromic properties of (TAni-b-PEG)3 thin films possessed is proposed based on the atomic force microscopy investigation, star-shaped molecular geometry, synergetic electronic and ionic conductivity and amphiphilic self-assembly feature of (TAni-b-PEG)3 copolymer, which can self-assemble to form cylinder pattern consisting of quick pathways for electronic charges and ionic species, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Gong
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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29
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Vapaavuori J, Grosrenaud J, Pellerin C, Bazuin CG. In Situ Photocontrol of Block Copolymer Morphology During Dip-Coating of Thin Films. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1158-1162. [PMID: 35614798 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a unique combination of simultaneous top-down and bottom-up control of the morphology of block copolymer films by application of in situ optical irradiation during dip-coating. A light-addressable and block-selective small molecule, 4-butyl-4'-hydroxyazobenzene (BHAB), is introduced into a diblock copolymer of polystyrene and poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-P4VP) of 28.4 wt % P4VP via supramolecular chemistry, notably by hydrogen bonding to P4VP. We show that the spherical morphology of thin films dip-coated from a THF solution at slow withdrawal rates in the dark convert to cylindrical morphology when dip-coated under illumination. This is attributed to volume expansion of the P4VP/BHAB phase due to trans-cis photoisomerization combined with a light-induced increase in BHAB uptake in the film. The demonstrated photocontrol highlights the potential of dip-coating as a scalable film preparation method that can be easily coupled with external stimuli to direct nanostructured self-assembly in the films as solvent evaporates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Vapaavuori
- Département de chimie,
Centre de recherche sur les matériaux auto−assemblés
(CRMAA/CSACS), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre−ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Josué Grosrenaud
- Département de chimie,
Centre de recherche sur les matériaux auto−assemblés
(CRMAA/CSACS), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre−ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Christian Pellerin
- Département de chimie,
Centre de recherche sur les matériaux auto−assemblés
(CRMAA/CSACS), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre−ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - C. Geraldine Bazuin
- Département de chimie,
Centre de recherche sur les matériaux auto−assemblés
(CRMAA/CSACS), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre−ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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30
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Xu J, Yang Y, Wang K, Li J, Zhou H, Xie X, Zhu J. Additives Induced Structural Transformation of ABC Triblock Copolymer Particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10975-10982. [PMID: 26388457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the structural control of polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-PI-b-P2VP) asymmetric ABC triblock copolymer particles under 3D confinement by tuning the interactions among blocks. The additives, including 3-n-pentadecylphenol, homopolystyrene, and solvents, which can modulate the interactions among polymer blocks, play significant roles in the particle morphology. Moreover, the structured particles can be disassembled into isolated micellar aggregates with novel morphologies or mesoporous particles with tunable pore shape. Interestingly, the formed pupa-like PS-b-PI-b-P2VP particles display interesting dynamic stretch-retraction behavior when the solvent property is changed after partial cross-linking of the P2VP block. We further prove that such dynamic behavior is closely related to the density of cross-linking. The strategies presented here are believed to be promising routes to rationally design and fabricate block copolymer particles with desirable shape and internal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huamin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, China
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31
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Ionic liquids as self-assembly guide for the formation of nanostructured block copolymer membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Cummins C, Gangnaik A, Kelly RA, Borah D, O'Connell J, Petkov N, Georgiev YM, Holmes JD, Morris MA. Aligned silicon nanofins via the directed self-assembly of PS-b-P4VP block copolymer and metal oxide enhanced pattern transfer. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:6712-6721. [PMID: 25798892 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07679f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
'Directing' block copolymer (BCP) patterns is a possible option for future semiconductor device patterning, but pattern transfer of BCP masks is somewhat hindered by the inherently low etch contrast between blocks. Here, we demonstrate a 'fab' friendly methodology for forming well-registered and aligned silicon (Si) nanofins following pattern transfer of robust metal oxide nanowire masks through the directed self-assembly (DSA) of BCPs. A cylindrical forming poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinyl-pyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) BCP was employed producing 'fingerprint' line patterns over macroscopic areas following solvent vapor annealing treatment. The directed assembly of PS-b-P4VP line patterns was enabled by electron-beam lithographically defined hydrogen silsequioxane (HSQ) gratings. We developed metal oxide nanowire features using PS-b-P4VP structures which facilitated high quality pattern transfer to the underlying Si substrate. This work highlights the precision at which long range ordered ∼10 nm Si nanofin features with 32 nm pitch can be defined using a cylindrical BCP system for nanolithography application. The results show promise for future nanocircuitry fabrication to access sub-16 nm critical dimensions using cylindrical systems as surface interfaces are easier to tailor than lamellar systems. Additionally, the work helps to demonstrate the extension of these methods to a 'high χ' BCP beyond the size limitations of the more well-studied PS-b-poly(methyl methylacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian Cummins
- Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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33
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Chi HY, Hsu HW, Tung SH, Liu CL. Nonvolatile organic field-effect transistors memory devices using supramolecular block copolymer/functional small molecule nanocomposite electret. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:5663-5673. [PMID: 25711539 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) memory devices based on hybrid nanocomposite electret were fabricated by cooperative supramolecular polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) with two different block compositions (asymmetric L1 and symmetric L2) that contain hydroxyl-functionalized ferrocene small molecules (FMs). Because of the selective hydrogen interaction between the hydroxyl groups of FM and pyridine groups in P4VP block, the small FMs can preferentially disperse in the P4VP nanodomain, which can be used as nanostructured charge-trapping nanocomposite electret (L1-FMX and L2-FMX) under solvent-annealing process. The charge-storage functionalities can be easily tailored by morphologies of the hybrid nanocomposite thin film and spatial distribution of the FM molecules in which the relative molecular mass of block copolymers and the FM loading ratio can further control both of them. These block copolymer nanocomposite thin film electrets with charge-controlling guest FM for OFETs memory devices exhibit significant features including the ternary bits storage, high-density trapping sites, charge-carrier trapping of both polarities (ambipolar trapping), and solution processing that can make important progress for future advanced storage and memory technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yen Chi
- †Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001 Taiwan
| | - Han-Wen Hsu
- †Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- ‡Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- †Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001 Taiwan
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34
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Zhang X, Wang L, Zhang L, Lin J, Jiang T. Controllable hierarchical microstructures self-assembled from multiblock copolymers confined in thin films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2533-2544. [PMID: 25654644 DOI: 10.1021/la503985u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical microstructures self-assembled from A(BC)n multiblock copolymers confined between two solid surfaces were explored by dissipative particle dynamics simulations. The strategy using confinement allows us to generate hierarchical microstructures with various numbers and different orientations of small-length-scale lamellae. Except for the hierarchical lamellar microstructures with parallel or perpendicular arrangements of small-length-scale lamellae, the coexistence of two different hierarchical lamellae was also discovered by varying the film thickness. The dynamics of hierarchical microstructure formation was further examined. It was found that the formation of the hierarchical microstructures exhibits a stepwise manner where the formation of small-length-scale structures lags behind that of large-length-scale structures. The present work could provide guidance for controllable manufacture of hierarchical microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
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35
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Effect of small molecule hydrogen-bond crosslinker and solvent power on the electrospinnability of poly(4-vinyl pyridine). POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Kothari R, Winter HH, Watkins JJ. Rheological Study of Order-to-Disorder Transitions and Phase Behavior of Block Copolymer–Surfactant Complexes Containing Hydrogen-Bonded Small Molecule Additives. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kothari
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - H. Henning Winter
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - James J. Watkins
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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37
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Vriezekolk EJ, de Weerd E, de Vos WM, Nijmeijer K. Control of pore size and pore uniformity in films based on self-assembling block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik J. Vriezekolk
- TNW; Membrane Science and Technology; Mesa Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente; P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Eddy de Weerd
- EWI; BIOS Lab on a Chip; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Wiebe M. de Vos
- TNW; Membrane Science and Technology; Mesa Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente; P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Kitty Nijmeijer
- TNW; Membrane Science and Technology; Mesa Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente; P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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38
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Davidi I, Patra D, Hermida-Merino D, Portale G, Rotello VM, Raviv U, Shenhar R. Hierarchical Structures of Polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine)/Palladium–Pincer Surfactants: Effect of Weak Surfactant–Polymer Interactions on the Morphological Behavior. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5010343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Davidi
- The
Institute of Chemistry, the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Debabrata Patra
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | | | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Uri Raviv
- The
Institute of Chemistry, the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Roy Shenhar
- The
Institute of Chemistry, the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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39
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Gutierrez J, Tercjak A. Natural gum rosin thin films nanopatterned by poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpiridine) block copolymer. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Klinger D, Wang C, Connal LA, Audus DJ, Jang SG, Kraemer S, Killops KL, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Hawker CJ. A facile synthesis of dynamic, shape-changing polymer particles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7018-22. [PMID: 24700705 PMCID: PMC4074252 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a new facile strategy to ellipsoidal block copolymer nanoparticles that exhibit a pH-triggered anistropic swelling profile. In a first step, elongated particles with an axially stacked lamellae structure are selectively prepared by utilizing functional surfactants to control the phase separation of symmetric polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) in dispersed droplets. In a second step, the dynamic shape change is realized by cross-linking the P2VP domains, thereby connecting glassy PS discs with pH-sensitive hydrogel actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klinger
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Cynthia Wang
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Luke A. Connal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Debra J. Audus
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Se Gyu Jang
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Stephan Kraemer
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Kato L. Killops
- U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Glenn H. Fredrickson
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Edward J. Kramer
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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41
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Rapid fabrication of hierarchically structured supramolecular nanocomposite thin films in one minute. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4053. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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42
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Klinger D, Wang CX, Connal LA, Audus DJ, Jang SG, Kraemer S, Killops KL, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Hawker CJ. A Facile Synthesis of Dynamic, Shape-Changing Polymer Particles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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43
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Kataoka S, Takeuchi Y, Kawai A, Yamada M, Kamimura Y, Endo A. Controlled formation of silica structures using siloxane/block copolymer complexes prepared in various solvent mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:13562-13567. [PMID: 24093890 DOI: 10.1021/la403168v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers exhibit regularly patterned structures induced by microphase separation. Here we present a method for preparing various particulate silica (SiO2) nanostructures by controlling the microphase separation of block copolymers. In this method, siloxane, a SiO2 precursor, is adsorbed onto poly(4-vinylpyridine) blocks of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) in solvent mixtures. After siloxane/polymer complexes are coprecipitated via further siloxane polycondensation, the resulting precipitates are heated to remove the polymer. The results of scanning electron microscopy revealed that SiO2 formed various structures including cylindrical, spherical, and lamellar. Different SiO2 nanostructures formed via the microphase separation of siloxane/polymer complexes are prepared simply by varying solvent mixtures without changing the polymer chain. The structural change is interpreted in terms of polymer-solvent interactions and volume fractions in siloxane/polymer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kataoka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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Lin IH, Cheng CC, Chuang WT, Chen JK, Jeng US, Ko FH, Chu CW, Huang CF, Chang FC. Bioinspired assembly of functional block-copolymer nanotemplates. SOFT MATTER 2013; 9:9608-9614. [PMID: 26029768 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm51870a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new concept on bioinspired assembly of functional diblock copolymers, capable of forming different microstructures through nucleobase-induced supramolecular interactions, has been explored. In this paper, a new series of uracil-functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-(4-vinylbenzyl uracil)s (PCL-b-PVBU) have been prepared which exhibit a high self-complementary ability in solution and solid states owing to the formation of uracil–uracil pairs by induced hierarchical self-assembly. The ordered morphologies of PCL-b-PVBU diblock copolymers changed from a lamellar, hexagonally packed cylinder to a sphere with respect to the content of the hydrogen bond segment. Moreover, we further show that the PCL segment could be easily extracted by enzymatic degradation, leading to a cylinder porous structure of long-range order, which gives a facile method for the fabrication of uracil-functionalized nanotemplates. In addition, bio-complementary PCL-b-PVBU/9-hexadecyladenine (AC16) hierarchical supramolecular complexes formed through strong cooperative hydrogen bonding between the uracil group of PVBU and the adenine group of A-C16. When the mixing ratios of PCL-b-PVBU/AC16 differ from the stoichiometric ratio, these complexes self-assemble into well-ordered lamellar and hexagonal structures; the changing morphology at different AC16 loadings reveals that the molecular structures of the PCL-b-PVBU/AC16 complexes are readily tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hong Lin
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30050, Taiwan
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45
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Klinger D, Robb MJ, Spruell JM, Lynd NA, Hawker CJ, Connal LA. Supramolecular guests in solvent driven block copolymer assembly: From internally structured nanoparticles to micelles. Polym Chem 2013; 4:5038-5042. [PMID: 25525473 PMCID: PMC4267284 DOI: 10.1039/c3py00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular interactions between different hydrogen-bonding guests and poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-block-poly (styrene) can be exploited to prepare remarkably diverse self-assembled nanostructures in dispersion from a single block copolymer (BCP). The characteristics of the BCP can be efficiently controlled by tailoring the properties of a guest which preferentially binds to the P2VP block. For example, the incorporation of a hydrophobic guest creates a hydrophobic BCP complex that forms phase separated nanoparticles upon self-assembly. Conversely, the incorporation of a hydrophilic guest results in an amphiphilic BCP complex that forms spherical micelles in water. The ability to tune the self-assembly behavior and access dramatically different nanostructures from a single BCP substrate demonstrates the exceptional versatility of the self-assembly of BCPs driven by supramolecular interactions. This approach represents a new methodology that will enable the further design of complex, responsive self-assembled nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Klinger
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Maxwell J Robb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Jason M Spruell
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Nathaniel A Lynd
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106 ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California USA 93106
| | - Luke A Connal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3010
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46
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Madhavan P, Peinemann KV, Nunes SP. Complexation-tailored morphology of asymmetric block copolymer membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:7152-7159. [PMID: 23815587 DOI: 10.1021/am401497m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bond formation between polystyrene-b-poly (4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) block copolymer (BCP) and -OH/-COOH functionalized organic molecules was used to tune morphology of asymmetric nanoporous membranes prepared by simultaneous self-assembly and nonsolvent induced phase separation. The morphologies were characterized by field emmision scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hydrogen bonds were confirmed by infrared (IR), and the results were correlated to rheology characterization. The OH-functionalized organic molecules direct the morphology into hexagonal order. COOH-functionalized molecules led to both lamellar and hexagonal structures. Micelle formation in solutions and their sizes were determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements and water fluxes of 600-3200 L/m(2)·h·bar were obtained. The pore size of the plain BCP membrane was smaller than with additives. The following series of additives led to pores with hexagonal order with increasing pore size: terephthalic acid (COOH-bifunctionalized) < rutin (OH-multifunctionalized) < 9-anthracenemethanol (OH-monofunctionalized) < 3,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (OH-trifunctionalized).
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Madhavan
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Yao L, Woll AR, Watkins JJ. Directed Assembly of Block Copolymer Templates for the Fabrication of Mesoporous Silica Films with Controlled Architectures via 3-D Replication. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401018y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive,
Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Arthur R. Woll
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron
Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, New
York 14853, United States
| | - James J. Watkins
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive,
Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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48
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Supramolecular Assemblies from Poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) Diblock Copolymers Mixed with 6-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/polym5020679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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49
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Perepichka II, Lu Q, Badia A, Bazuin CG. Understanding and controlling morphology formation in Langmuir-Blodgett block copolymer films using PS-P4VP and PS-P4VP/PDP. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4502-19. [PMID: 23383750 DOI: 10.1021/la3040962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This contribution offers a comprehensive understanding of the factors that govern the morphologies of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers of amphiphilic diblock copolymers (BCs). This is achieved by a detailed investigation of a wide range of polystyrene-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (PS-P4VP) block copolymers, in contrast to much more limited ranges in previous studies. Parameters that are varied include the block ratios (mainly for similar total molecular weights, occasionally other total molecular weights), the presence or not of 3-n-pentadecylphenol (PDP, usually equimolar with VP, with which it hydrogen bonds), the spreading solution concentration ("low" and "high"), and the LB technique (standard vs "solvent-assisted"). Our observations are compared with previously published results on other amphiphilic diblock copolymers, which had given rise to contradictory interpretations of morphology formation. Based on the accumulated results, we re-establish early literature conclusions that three main categories of LB block copolymer morphologies are obtained depending on the block ratio, termed planar, strand, and dot regimes. The block composition boundaries in terms of mol % block content are shown to be similar for all BCs having alkyl chain substituents on the hydrophilic block (such as PS-P4VP/PDP) and are shifted to higher values for BCs with no alkyl chain substituents (such as PS-P4VP). This is attributed to the higher surface area per repeat unit of the hydrophilic block monolayer on the water surface for the former, as supported by the onset and limiting areas of the Langmuir isotherms for the BCs in the dot regime. 2D phase diagrams are discussed in terms of relative effective surface areas of the two blocks. We identify and discuss how kinetic effects on morphology formation, which have been highlighted in more recent literature, are superposed on the compositional effects. The kinetic effects are shown to depend on the morphology regime, most strongly influencing the strand and, especially, planar regimes, where they give rise to a diversity of specific structures. Besides film dewetting mechanisms, which are different when occurring in structured versus unstructured films (the latter previously discussed in the literature), kinetic influences are discussed in terms of chain association dynamics leading to depletion effects that impact on growing aggregates. These depletion effects particularly manifest themselves in more dilute spreading solutions, with higher molecular weight polymers, and in composition regimes characterized by equilibrium degrees of aggregation that are effectively infinite. It is by understanding these various kinetic influences that the diversity of structures can be classified by the three main composition-dependent regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna I Perepichka
- Département de Chimie, Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Auto-Assemblés (CRMAA/CSACS), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal (QC), Canada H3C 3J7
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50
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Yao L, Watkins JJ. Photoinduced disorder in strongly segregated block copolymer composite films for hierarchical pattern formation. ACS NANO 2013; 7:1513-1523. [PMID: 23305531 DOI: 10.1021/nn3052956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Submicrometer patterns of adjacent, well-ordered and disordered domains were obtained using optical lithography by area-selective, photoinduced disordering transitions within block copolymer composite films. Enantiopure tartaric acid was blended with poly(ethylene oxide-block-tert-butyl acrylate), PEO-b-PtBA, copolymers to yield well-ordered films. In the presence of triphenylsulfonium triflate, a photoacid generator, photoinduced disorder was achieved upon UV-exposure by deprotection of the PtBA block to yield poly(acrylic acid). Poly(acrylic acid) is compatible with both PEO and tartaric acid and deprotection yields a phase mixed material and disorder within seconds. Tartaric acid performs two additional functions in this system. First, it increases segregation strength in PEO-b-PtBA, enabling well-ordered systems at low BCP molecular weights, small domain sizes, and rapid disordering kinetics. Second, the presence of tartaric acid suppresses PEO crystallization, resulting in smooth films and eliminating the influence of PEO crystallization on film morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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