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Jang YH, Lansac Y, Kim JK, Yoo HS, Chae CG, Choi CH, Samal S, Lee JS. Dual function of a living polymerization initiator through the formation of a chain-end-protecting cluster: density functional theory calculation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:24929-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03596h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The origin of the living nature of isocyanate polymerization by sodium benzanilide (Na+BA−) initiator is understood from the relative stabilities of (NaBA)n clusters in THF solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee Jang
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yves Lansac
- GREMAN
- Université François Rabelais
- Tours, France
| | - Jae-Ki Kim
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Yoo
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jae-Suk Lee
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju, Korea
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2
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Janssens K, Loozen E, Yakimansky A, Van Beylen M. Kinetic study of the initiation reaction by a dilithium initiator used for the preparation of ABA triblock copolymers in non-polar medium. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Chen EYX. Coordination Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers by Single-Site Metal Catalysts. Chem Rev 2009; 109:5157-214. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Y.-X. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872
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Rajeswaran M, Begley WJ, Olson LP, Huo S. Steric effects of substituted quinolines on lithium coordination geometry. Polyhedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2007.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yakimansky AV, Müller AHE. Quantum-Chemical Study of the Effect of Triethylaluminum on the Chain-End Structure and Tacticity of Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) with Lithium Counterion in THF. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060385r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Yakimansky
- Makromolekulare Chemie II and Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Makromolekulare Chemie II and Bayreuther Zentrum für Kolloide und Grenzflächen, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Rodriguez-Delgado A, Chen EYX. Single-Site Anionic Polymerization. Monomeric Ester Enolaluminate Propagator Synthesis, Molecular Structure, and Polymerization Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 127:961-74. [PMID: 15656635 DOI: 10.1021/ja044671z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and molecular structure of the first examples of monomeric lithium ester enolaluminates that serve as structural models for single-site anionic propagating centers, as well as the mechanism of their polymerization of methacrylates catalyzed by conjugate organoaluminum Lewis acids, are reported. Reactions of isopropyl alpha-lithioisobutyrate (2) with suitable deaggregating and stabilizing organoaluminum compounds such as MeAl(BHT)2 (BHT = 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate) in hydrocarbons cleanly generate lithium ester enolaluminate complexes such as Li+[Me2C=C(OiPr)OAlMe(BHT)2]- (3). Remarkably, complex 3 is isolable and exists as a monomer in both solid and solution states. Unlike the uncontrolled polymerization of methacrylates by the aggregating enolate 2, the methacrylate polymerization by the monomeric 3 is controlled but exhibits low activity. However, the well controlled and highly active polymerization can be achieved by using the 3/MeAl(BHT)2 propagator/catalyst pair, which is conveniently generated by in situ mixing of 2 with 2 equiv of MeAl(BHT)2. The structure of the added organoaluminum compounds has marked effects on the degree of monomer activation, enolaluminate formation and reactivity, and polymerization control. Kinetics of the polymerization by the 3/MeAl(BHT)2 pair suggest a bimolecular, activated-monomer anionic polymerization mechanism via single-site ester enolaluminate propagating centers. The molecular structures of activated monomer 1, aggregated initiator 2, and monomeric propagator 3 have been determined by X-ray diffraction studies.
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Yakimansky A, Wang G, Janssens K, Van Beylen M. Influence of π-complexing agents on the anionic polymerization of styrene with lithium as counterion in cyclohexane. 2. Quantum-chemical density functional theory calculations. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(03)00730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Weiss H, Steiger S, Jüngling S, Yakimansky AV, Müller AHE. Quantum-Chemical Study of Structure and Activity of Chain Ends in Metal-Free Anionic Polymerization of Methacrylates. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma025980h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Yakimansky AV. Quantum-chemical DFT calculations to interpret the effect of lithium butoxide additives on the anionic polymerization of styrene in polar solvents. POLYMER 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Lavaud F, Fontanille M, Gnanou Y. Kinetic investigation of the anionic polymerization of MMA using sparteine as σ-ligand. POLYMER 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yakimansky AV, Müller AH. DFT study of the effect of sigma-ligands on the structure of ester enolates in THF, as models of the active center in the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:4932-7. [PMID: 11457320 DOI: 10.1021/ja002865i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A Density Functional Theory (DFT) study was carried out on structures of the lithium ester enolate of methyl isobutyrate (MIB-Li) in THF solution, in the presence of TMEDA, dimethoxyethane (DME), crown ether 12-crown-4, and cryptand-2,1,1, as electron donor ligands (sigma-ligands). Both specific solvation with THF and/or ligand molecules and nonspecific solvation by the solvent continuum were taken into account. The possibility of ligand-separated ion pair formation was analyzed for each of the ligands, including THF alone. In most cases peripherally solvated dimers are the most stable species. Only in the presence of cryptand-2,1,1 was a ligand-separated triple ion pair, (MIB-Li-MIB)(-)(THF)(2),Li(2,1,1)(1)(+), shown to be comparable in stability to the THF-solvated dimer, (MIB-Li)(2)(THF)(4). These results are in agreement with experimental NMR data on the structure of MIB-Li in the presence of DME, 12-crown-4, and cryptand-2,1,1. An upfield shift of the (13)C NMR signal of the alpha-carbon of MIB-Li observed in the presence of cryptand-2,1,1, originally attributed to a ligand-separated monomer, MIB(-),Li(2,1,1)(+), was well reproduced by Hartree--Fock calculated NMR shifts for the predicted ligand-separated triple ion pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Yakimansky
- Makromolekulare Chemie II and Bayreuther Institut für Makromolekülforschung, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Yakimansky AV, Müller AHE, Van Beylen M. Density Functional Theory Study on the Aggregation and Dissociation Behavior of Lithium Chloride in THF and Its Interaction with the Active Centers of the Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9921549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Yakimansky
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Physical Organic Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Physical Organic Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Marcel Van Beylen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Physical Organic Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Schmitt B, Schlaad H, Müller AHE, Mathiasch B, Steiger S, Weiss H. NMR and Quantum-Chemical Study on the Structure of Ester Enolate−Aluminum Alkyl Complexes as Models of the Active Center in the Anionic Polymerization of Methacrylates in Toluene. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma990453s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bardo Schmitt
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Bernd Mathiasch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Susanne Steiger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Horst Weiss
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Welderweg 15, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany, and Kunststofflaboratorium, BASF AG, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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