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Dawson JRD, Wadman GM, Zhang P, Tebben A, Carter PH, Gu S, Shroka T, Borrega-Roman L, Salanga CL, Handel TM, Kufareva I. Molecular determinants of antagonist interactions with chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.15.567150. [PMID: 38014122 PMCID: PMC10680698 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
By driving monocyte chemotaxis, the chemokine receptor CCR2 shapes inflammatory responses and the formation of tumor microenvironments. This makes it a promising target in inflammation and immuno-oncology; however, despite extensive efforts, there are no FDA-approved CCR2-targeting therapeutics. Cited challenges include the redundancy of the chemokine system, suboptimal properties of compound candidates, and species differences that confound the translation of results from animals to humans. Structure-based drug design can rationalize and accelerate the discovery and optimization of CCR2 antagonists to address these challenges. The prerequisites for such efforts include an atomic-level understanding of the molecular determinants of action of existing antagonists. In this study, using molecular docking and artificial-intelligence-powered compound library screening, we uncover the structural principles of small molecule antagonism and selectivity towards CCR2 and its sister receptor CCR5. CCR2 orthosteric inhibitors are shown to universally occupy an inactive-state-specific tunnel between receptor helices 1 and 7; we also discover an unexpected role for an extra-helical groove accessible through this tunnel, suggesting its potential as a new targetable interface for CCR2 and CCR5 modulation. By contrast, only shape complementarity and limited helix 8 hydrogen bonding govern the binding of various chemotypes of allosteric antagonists. CCR2 residues S1012.63 and V2446.36 are implicated as determinants of CCR2/CCR5 and human/mouse orthosteric and allosteric antagonist selectivity, respectively, and the role of S1012.63 is corroborated through experimental gain-of-function mutagenesis. We establish a critical role of induced fit in antagonist recognition, reveal strong chemotype selectivity of existing structures, and demonstrate the high predictive potential of a new deep-learning-based compound scoring function. Finally, this study expands the available CCR2 structural landscape with computationally generated chemotype-specific models well-suited for structure-based antagonist design.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R D Dawson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Grant M Wadman
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Percy H Carter
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
- (current affiliation) Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Siyi Gu
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- (current affiliation) Lycia Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA
| | - Thomas Shroka
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- (current affiliation) Avidity Biosciences Inc., San Diego, CA
| | - Leire Borrega-Roman
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catherina L Salanga
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tracy M Handel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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2
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Steverlynck J, Sitdikov R, Rueping M. The Deuterated "Magic Methyl" Group: A Guide to Site-Selective Trideuteromethyl Incorporation and Labeling by Using CD 3 Reagents. Chemistry 2021; 27:11751-11772. [PMID: 34076925 PMCID: PMC8457246 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the field of medicinal chemistry, the precise installation of a trideuteromethyl group is gaining ever-increasing attention. Site-selective incorporation of the deuterated "magic methyl" group can provide profound pharmacological benefits and can be considered an important tool for drug optimization and development. This review provides a structured overview, according to trideuteromethylation reagent, of currently established methods for site-selective trideuteromethylation of carbon atoms. In addition to CD3 , the selective introduction of CD2 H and CDH2 groups is also considered. For all methods, the corresponding mechanism and scope are discussed whenever reported. As such, this review can be a starting point for synthetic chemists to further advance trideuteromethylation methodologies. At the same time, this review aims to be a guide for medicinal chemists, offering them the available C-CD3 formation strategies for the preparation of new or modified drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Steverlynck
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University Science and Technology (KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruzal Sitdikov
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University Science and Technology (KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University Science and Technology (KAUST)Thuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Experimental Molecular ImagingRWTH Aachen UniversityForckenbeckstrasse 5552074Aachen
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3
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Mei H, Han J, White S, Graham DJ, Izawa K, Sato T, Fustero S, Meanwell NA, Soloshonok VA. Tailor-Made Amino Acids and Fluorinated Motifs as Prominent Traits in Modern Pharmaceuticals. Chemistry 2020; 26:11349-11390. [PMID: 32359086 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Structural analysis of modern pharmaceutical practices allows for the identification of two rapidly growing trends: the introduction of tailor-made amino acids and the exploitation of fluorinated motifs. Curiously, the former represents one of the most ubiquitous classes of naturally occurring compounds, whereas the latter is the most xenobiotic and comprised virtually entirely of man-made derivatives. Herein, 39 selected compounds, featuring both of these traits in the same molecule, are profiled. The total synthesis, source of the corresponding amino acids and fluorinated residues, and medicinal chemistry aspects and biological properties of the molecules are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P.R. China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P.R. China
| | - Sarah White
- Oakwood Chemical, Inc., 730 Columbia Hwy. N, Estill, SC, 29918, USA
| | - Daniel J Graham
- Oakwood Chemical, Inc., 730 Columbia Hwy. N, Estill, SC, 29918, USA
| | - Kunisuke Izawa
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Sato
- Hamari Chemicals Ltd., 1-4-29 Kunijima, Higashi-Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543-4000, USA
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, Plaza Bizkaia, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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4
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Semeno VV, Vasylchenko VO, Vashchenko BV, Lutsenko DO, Iminov RT, Volovenko OB, Grygorenko OO. Building the Housane: Diastereoselective Synthesis and Characterization of Bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane Carboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2321-2337. [PMID: 31859505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An approach to 1,3-disubstitued bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane (housane) derivatives was developed. The method relied on lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide-mediated intramolecular cyclization of trisubstitued cyclopentane carboxylates bearing a leaving group (at the C-4 position) and an additional substituent (at the C-3 atom), in turn synthesized from cyclopent-3-ene carboxylate. The synthetic sequence allowed for the preparation of both cis- and trans-1,3-disubstituted housane-1-carboxylic acids in diastereoselective manner on up to 80 g scale. In particular, bicyclic γ-amino acids-γ-aminobutyric acid analogues-were synthesized. It was shown that the bicyclo[2.1.0]pentane did not significantly affect pKa of the corresponding derivatives and slightly increased their hydrophilicity (by 0.07-0.25 Log P units) as compared to cyclopentane. X-ray diffraction studies showed that cis- and trans-1,3-disubstituted housanes can be considered as flattened analogues of the corresponding cyclopentane derivatives with fixed envelope conformation of the five-membered ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr V Semeno
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Vadym O Vasylchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine.,National Technical University of Ukraine ″Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute″ , Prospect Peremogy 37 , Kyiv 03056 , Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Volodymyrska Street 60 , Kyiv 01601 , Ukraine
| | - Dmytro O Lutsenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Rustam T Iminov
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Olesia B Volovenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78 , Kyiv 02094 , Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Volodymyrska Street 60 , Kyiv 01601 , Ukraine
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5
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Dai N, Tang Z, Wang M, Peng L, Wan Y, Jiao Y. Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel ureido-substituted 1,3-benzoxazines. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819836503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ten novel ureido-substituted 1,3-benzoxazines were synthesized in moderate yields by La(OTf)3-catalyzed reaction of some aldehydes with four ureido-substituted 2-aminomethylphenols which were prepared by a one-pot method. Evaluation of their fungicidal activity revealed that most compounds showed moderate to good activity and one of the ureido-substituted 2-aminomethylphenols showed activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotonia sclerotiorum comparable to the control compound, chlorothalonil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Dai
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
- Hunan Provincial key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
- Hunan Provincial key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
- Hunan Provincial key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Lifen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
| | - Yinchun Jiao
- Hunan Provincial key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P.R. China
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6
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Wu G, Liu S, Wang T, Jiang Z, Lv K, Wang Y, Sun C. Total Synthesis of Originally Proposed and Revised Structure of Hetiamacin A. Org Lett 2018; 20:3566-3569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Zhongke Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Kai Lv
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Chenghang Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 1, Beijing 100050, PR China
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7
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Xie Z, Li P, Hu Y, Xu N, Wang L. Visible-light-induced and iron-catalyzed methylation of N-arylacrylamides with dimethyl sulphoxide: a convenient access to 3-ethyl-3-methyl oxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:4205-4211. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of 3-ethyl-3-methyl oxindoles by visible-light promoted and iron-catalyzed difunctionalization of N-arylacrylamides with dimethyl sulphoxide was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuguang Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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8
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Tang ZL, Xia ZW, Chang SH, Wang ZX. Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 2-aryl-3-(1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)-6(8)-methyl-1,3-benzoxazines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3378-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Vilums M, Zweemer AJM, Dilanchian A, van Veldhoven JPD, de Vries H, Brussee J, Saunders J, Stamos D, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP. Evaluation of (4-Arylpiperidin-1-yl)cyclopentanecarboxamides As High-Affinity and Long-Residence-Time Antagonists for the CCR2 Receptor. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1249-58. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Vilums M, Zweemer AJ, Barmare F, van der Gracht AM, Bleeker DC, Yu Z, de Vries H, Gross R, Clemens J, Krenitsky P, Brussee J, Stamos D, Saunders J, Heitman LH, IJzerman AP. When structure–affinity relationships meet structure–kinetics relationships: 3-((Inden-1-yl)amino)-1-isopropyl-cyclopentane-1-carboxamides as CCR2 antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:121-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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11
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Zuo Z, Hu M, Chen M, Chen X, Yang F, Zeng C, Zhao Y, Zhang Y. HPLC Determination of Enantiomeric Purity of PF-04136309 Based on a Chiral Stationary Phase. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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The discovery and SAR of cyclopenta[b]furans as inhibitors of CCR2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2137-40. [PMID: 24685539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a novel series of cyclopenta[b]furans as CCR2 inhibitors is discussed. This series has excellent CCR2 potency and PK characteristics, and good cardiovascular safety.
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13
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Balupuri A, Sobhia ME. Exploring a model of human chemokine receptor CCR2 in presence of TAK779: A membrane based molecular dynamics study. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tschammer N, Kokornaczyk AK, Strunz AK, Wünsch B. Selective and Dual Targeting of CCR2 and CCR5 Receptors: A Current Overview. CHEMOKINES 2014; 14. [PMCID: PMC7123309 DOI: 10.1007/7355_2014_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) are important mediators of leukocyte trafficking in inflammatory processes. The emerging evidence for a role of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors in human inflammatory diseases led to a growing interest in CCR2- and CCR5-selective antagonists. In this review, we focus on the recent development of selective CCR2/CCR5 receptor ligands and dual antagonists. Several compounds targeting CCR2, e.g., INCB8761 and MK0812, were developed as promising candidates for clinical trials, but failed to show clinical efficacy as presumed from preclinical models. The role of CCR5 receptors as the second co-receptor for the HIV-host cell fusion led to the development of various CCR5-selective ligands. Maraviroc is the first CCR5-targeting drug for the treatment of HIV-1 infections on the market. The role of CCR5 receptors in the progression of inflammatory processes fueled the use of CCR5 antagonists for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Unfortunately, the use of maraviroc for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis failed due to its inefficacy. Some of the ligands, e.g., TAK-779 and TAK-652, were also found to be dual antagonists of CCR2 and CCR5 receptors. The fact that CCR2 and CCR5 receptor antagonists contribute to the treatment of inflammatory diseases renders the development of dual antagonists as promising novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuska Tschammer
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
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Schönherr H, Cernak T. Profound Methyl Effects in Drug Discovery and a Call for New CH Methylation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12256-67. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Schönherr H, Cernak T. Ausgeprägte Methyleffekte in der Wirkstoff-Forschung und der Bedarf an neuen C-H-Methylierungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Tang Z, Zhu Z, Yan L, Chang S, Liu H. Efficient Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted-1,3-benzoxazines by Chlorotrimethylsilane-Mediated Aza-Acetalizations of Aromatic Aldehydes. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Carter PH. Progress in the discovery of CC chemokine receptor 2 antagonists, 2009 - 2012. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:549-68. [PMID: 23428142 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.771168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a key mediator of the activation and migration of inflammatory monocytes. As such, it has been investigated extensively as a target for therapeutic intervention in a diverse range of diseases. AREAS COVERED This article reviews both the patent and peer-reviewed literature on the discovery of CCR2 antagonists from January 2009 to December 2012. Developments have occurred within each of the major chemical families of CCR2 antagonists, and are framed in that context. As has been true historically, a number of the compound families also exhibit substantial activity against the related CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), making them formally CCR2/5-dual antagonists. EXPERT OPINION Significant progress continues to be made in identifying novel, potent CCR2 antagonists. In addition, researchers have had success in addressing issues related to selectivity, cardiac safety, and preclinical pharmacokinetics. Establishing proof-of-concept in clinical trials remains the primary challenge for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percy H Carter
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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19
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Moreno JA, Moreno S, Rubio-Navarro A, Sastre C, Blanco-Colio LM, Gómez-Guerrero C, Ortiz A, Egido J. Targeting chemokines in proteinuria-induced renal disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012; 16:833-45. [PMID: 22793382 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2012.703657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proteinuria is a common finding in glomerular diseases that contributes to the progression of chronic kidney injury. Tubular cells reabsorb the excess of albumin and other plasma proteins from the tubular lumen, triggering several pathophysiologic responses, such as overexpression of fibrogenic mediators and inflammatory chemokines. Chemokines are implicated both in the recruitment of inflammatory infiltrate and in a number of physiological and pathological processes related to protein overload. AREAS COVERED In recent years, the specific chemokines and their receptors and the intracellular signaling pathways involved in proteinuria-induced renal damage have been identified. This review provides an overview of the role of chemokines and their receptors in proteinuria-related renal disease and summarizes novel therapeutic approaches to restrain the progression of renal damage. EXPERT OPINION Inhibition of chemokine-induced biological activities is a promising therapeutic strategy in proteinuric disorders. Neutralizing antibodies and small organic molecules targeting chemokines and chemokine receptors have been proven to prevent inflammation and renal damage in experimental models of protein overload. Some of these compounds are currently being tested in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Moreno
- Department of Nephrology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Avda. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Singh R, Sobhia ME. Structure prediction and molecular dynamics simulations of a G-protein coupled receptor: human CCR2 receptor. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2012; 31:694-715. [PMID: 22909007 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.707460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor type-2 (CCR2) is a member of G-protein coupled receptors superfamily, expressed on the cell surface of monocytes and macrophages. It binds to the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a CC chemokine, produced at the sites of inflammation and infection. A homology model of human CCR2 receptor based on the recently available C-X-C chemokine recepor-4 crystal structure has been reported. Ligand information was used as an essential element in the homology modeling process. Six known CCR2 antagonists were docked into the model using simple and induced fit docking procedure. Docked complexes were then subjected to visual inspection to check their suitability to explain the experimental data obtained from site directed mutagenesis and structure-activity relationship studies. The homology model was refined, validated, and assessed for its performance in docking-based virtual screening on a set of CCR2 antagonists and decoys. The docked complexes of CCR2 with the known antagonists, TAK779, a dual CCR2/CCR5 antagonist, and Teijin-comp1, a CCR2 specific antagonist were subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which further validated the binding modes of these antagonists. B-factor analysis of 20 ns MD simulations demonstrated that Cys190 is helpful in providing structural rigidity to the extracellular loop (EL2). Residues important for CCR2 antagonism were recognized using free energy decomposition studies. The acidic residue Glu291 from TM7, a conserved residue in chemokine receptors, is favorable for the binding of Teijin-comp1 with CCR2 by ΔG of -11.4 kcal/mol. Its contribution arises more from the side chains than the backbone atoms. In addition, Tyr193 from EL2 contributes -0.9 kcal/mol towards the binding of the CCR2 specific antagonist with the receptor. Here, the homology modeling and subsequent molecular modeling studies proved successful in probing the structure of human CCR2 chemokine receptor for the structure-based virtual screening and predicting the binding modes of CCR2 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Singh
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160 062, India
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21
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HOU CUIFEN, SUI ZHIHUA. CCR2 Antagonists for the Treatment of Diseases Associated with Inflammation. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The CCR2 and MCP-1 pathway has become one of the most-studied chemokine systems for therapeutic use in inflammatory diseases and conditions. It plays a pivotal role in inflammatory diseases, especially those that are characterized by monocyte-rich infiltration. This chapter reviews the biology of CCR2 and MCP-1, and their roles in diseases and conditions related to inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, nephropathy, cancer, pulmonary fibrosis and pain. Intense drug-discovery efforts over the past 15 years have generated a large number of CCR2 antagonists in diverse structural classes. Mutagenesis studies have elucidated important residues on CCR2 that interact with many classes of these CCR2 antagonists. To facilitate understanding of CCR2 antagonist SAR, a simple pharmacophore model is used to summarize the large number of diverse chemical structures. The majority of published compounds are classified based on their central core structures using this model. Key SAR points in the published literature are briefly discussed for most of the series. Lead compounds in each chemical series are highlighted where information is available. The challenges in drug discovery and development of CCR2 antagonists are briefly discussed. Clinical candidates in various diseases in the public domain are summarized with a brief discussion about the clinical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- CUIFEN HOU
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477 USA
| | - ZHIHUA SUI
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477 USA
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22
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Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 2,3-disubstituted-1,3-benzoxazines. Molecules 2012; 17:8174-85. [PMID: 22772812 PMCID: PMC6268816 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17078174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 2,3-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazines were prepared in moderate to excellent yields by aza-acetalizations of aromatic aldehydes with 2-(N-substituted aminomethyl)phenols in the presence of TMSCl. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The fungicidal activities of the target compounds were preliminarily evaluated, and some compounds exhibited good activity against Rhizoctonia solani.
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23
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Kothandan G, Gadhe CG, Cho SJ. Structural insights from binding poses of CCR2 and CCR5 with clinically important antagonists: a combined in silico study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32864. [PMID: 22479344 PMCID: PMC3314010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that contain seven transmembrane domains. In particular, CCR2 and CCR5 and their ligands have been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Based on their roles in disease, they have been attractive targets for the pharmaceutical industry, and furthermore, targeting both CCR2 and CCR5 can be a useful strategy. Owing to the importance of these receptors, information regarding the binding site is of prime importance. Structural studies have been hampered due to the lack of X-ray crystal structures, and templates with close homologs for comparative modeling. Most of the previous models were based on the bovine rhodopsin and β2-adrenergic receptor. In this study, based on a closer homolog with higher resolution (CXCR4, PDB code: 3ODU 2.5 Å), we constructed three-dimensional models. The main aim of this study was to provide relevant information on binding sites of these receptors. Molecular dynamics simulation was done to refine the homology models and PROCHECK results indicated that the models were reasonable. Here, binding poses were checked with some established inhibitors of high pharmaceutical importance against the modeled receptors. Analysis of interaction modes gave an integrated interpretation with detailed structural information. The binding poses confirmed that the acidic residues Glu291 (CCR2) and Glu283 (CCR5) are important, and we also found some additional residues. Comparisons of binding sites of CCR2/CCR5 were done sequentially and also by docking a potent dual antagonist. Our results can be a starting point for further structure-based drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gugan Kothandan
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Changdev G. Gadhe
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Cho
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Resistant Cells, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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24
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Wijtmans M, Scholten DJ, de Esch IJ, Smit MJ, Leurs R. Therapeutic targeting of chemokine receptors by small molecules. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2012; 9:e227-e314. [PMID: 24063737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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25
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Xue CB, Wang A, Han Q, Zhang Y, Cao G, Feng H, Huang T, Zheng C, Xia M, Zhang K, Kong L, Glenn J, Anand R, Meloni D, Robinson DJ, Shao L, Storace L, Li M, Hughes RO, Devraj R, Morton PA, Rogier DJ, Covington M, Scherle P, Diamond S, Emm T, Yeleswaram S, Contel N, Vaddi K, Newton R, Hollis G, Metcalf B. Discovery of INCB8761/PF-4136309, a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable CCR2 Antagonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:913-8. [PMID: 24900280 DOI: 10.1021/ml200199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the discovery of a new (S)-3-aminopyrrolidine series of CCR2 antagonists. Structure-activity relationship studies on this new series led to the identification of 17 (INCB8761/PF-4136309) that exhibited potent CCR2 antagonistic activity, high selectivity, weak hERG activity, and an excellent in vitro and in vivo ADMET profile. INCB8761/PF-4136309 has entered human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Biao Xue
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Anlai Wang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Qi Han
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Ganfeng Cao
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Hao Feng
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Taisheng Huang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Changsheng Zheng
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Michael Xia
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lingquan Kong
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Joseph Glenn
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Rajan Anand
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - David Meloni
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - D. J. Robinson
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lixin Shao
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lou Storace
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Mei Li
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Robert O. Hughes
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Chesterfield Parkway West, St. Louis,
Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Rajesh Devraj
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Chesterfield Parkway West, St. Louis,
Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Philip A. Morton
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Chesterfield Parkway West, St. Louis,
Missouri 63017, United States
| | - D. Joseph Rogier
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Chesterfield Parkway West, St. Louis,
Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Maryanne Covington
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Peggy Scherle
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Sharon Diamond
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Tom Emm
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Nancy Contel
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Kris Vaddi
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Robert Newton
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Greg Hollis
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Brian Metcalf
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station
E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
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27
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Bhalay G, Albrecht B, Akhlaq M, Baettig U, Beer D, Brown Z, Charlton S, Dunstan A, Bradley M, Gedeck P, Glen A, Howe T, Keller T, Leighton-Davies J, Li A, McCarthy C, Mocquet C, Owen C, Nicklin P, Rosethorne E. Design and synthesis of a library of chemokine antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6249-52. [PMID: 21940167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A library of chemokine antagonists has been synthesized using a combination of solid and solution-phase chemistry. Structures of known chemokine antagonists were used to produce a pharmacophore which served to guide monomer selection. Several combinations of monomers have resulted in providing novel chemokine antagonists which in some cases display dual chemokine receptor antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdip Bhalay
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Horsham Research Centre, Wimblehurst Road, Horsham, West Sussex RH12 5AB, UK.
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28
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Xue CB, Feng H, Cao G, Huang T, Glenn J, Anand R, Meloni D, Zhang K, Kong L, Wang A, Zhang Y, Zheng C, Xia M, Chen L, Tanaka H, Han Q, Robinson DJ, Modi D, Storace L, Shao L, Sharief V, Li M, Galya LG, Covington M, Scherle P, Diamond S, Emm T, Yeleswaram S, Contel N, Vaddi K, Newton R, Hollis G, Friedman S, Metcalf B. Discovery of INCB3284, a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable hCCR2 Antagonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:450-4. [PMID: 24900329 DOI: 10.1021/ml200030q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the identification of 13 (INCB3284) as a potent human CCR2 (hCCR2) antagonist. INCB3284 exhibited an IC50 of 3.7 nM in antagonism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 binding to hCCR2, an IC50 of 4.7 nM in antagonism of chemotaxis activity, an IC50 of 84 μM in inhibition of the hERG potassium current, a free fraction of 58% in protein binding, high selectivity over other chemokine receptors and G-protein-coupled receptors, and acceptable oral bioavailability in rodents and primates. In human clinical trials, INCB3284 exhibited a pharmacokinetic profile suitable for once-a-day dosing (T 1/2 = 15 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Biao Xue
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Hao Feng
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Ganfeng Cao
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Taisheng Huang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Joseph Glenn
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Rajan Anand
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - David Meloni
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lingquan Kong
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Anlai Wang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Changsheng Zheng
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Michael Xia
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lihua Chen
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Qi Han
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - D. J. Robinson
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Dilip Modi
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lou Storace
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Lixin Shao
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Vaqar Sharief
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Mei Li
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Laurine G. Galya
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Maryanne Covington
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Peggy Scherle
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Sharon Diamond
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Tom Emm
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Swamy Yeleswaram
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Nancy Contel
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Kris Vaddi
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Robert Newton
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Greg Hollis
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Steven Friedman
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
| | - Brian Metcalf
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, United States
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29
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Laborde E, Macsata RW, Meng F, Peterson BT, Robinson L, Schow SR, Simon RJ, Xu H, Baba K, Inagaki H, Ishiwata Y, Jomori T, Matsumoto Y, Miyachi A, Nakamura T, Okamoto M, Handel TM, Bernard CCA. Discovery, optimization, and pharmacological characterization of novel heteroaroylphenylureas antagonists of C-C chemokine ligand 2 function. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1667-81. [PMID: 21341682 PMCID: PMC3229226 DOI: 10.1021/jm1012903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Through the application of TRAP (target-related affinity profiling), we identified a novel class of heteroaroylphenylureas that inhibit human CCL2-induced chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. This inhibition was concentration-dependent and selective with regard to other chemokines. The compounds, however, did not antagonize the binding of (125)I-labeled CCL2 to the CCR2 receptor nor did they block CCR2-mediated signal transduction responses such as calcium mobilization. Optimization of early leads for potency and pharmacokinetic parameters resulted in the identification of 17, a potent inhibitor of chemotaxis (IC(50) = 80 nM) with excellent oral bioavailability in rats (F = 60%). Compound 17 reduced swelling and joint destruction in two rat models of rheumatoid arthritis and delayed disease onset and produced near complete resolution of symptoms in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemical synthesis
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacokinetics
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Biological Availability
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemical synthesis
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacokinetics
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- CHO Cells
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Humans
- Joints/drug effects
- Joints/pathology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/physiology
- Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy
- Phenylurea Compounds/chemical synthesis
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacokinetics
- Phenylurea Compounds/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Laborde
- Telik, Inc., 700 Hansen Way, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States.
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30
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Trujillo JI, Huang W, Hughes RO, Joseph Rogier D, Turner SR, Devraj R, Morton PA, Xue CB, Chao G, Covington MB, Newton RC, Metcalf B. Design and synthesis of novel CCR2 antagonists: Investigation of non-aryl/heteroaryl binding motifs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1827-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Discovery of INCB10820/PF-4178903, a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable dual CCR2 and CCR5 antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1442-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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