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Karakhanov E, Maximov A, Zolotukhina A. Heterogeneous Dendrimer-Based Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:981. [PMID: 35267800 PMCID: PMC8912888 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review compiles the advances in the dendritic catalysis within the last two decades, in particular concerning heterogeneous dendrimer-based catalysts and their and application in various processes, such as hydrogenation, oxidation, cross-coupling reactions, etc. There are considered three main approaches to the synthesis of immobilized heterogeneous dendrimer-based catalysts: (1) impregnation/adsorption on silica or carbon carriers; (2) dendrimer covalent grafting to various supports (silica, polystyrene, carbon nanotubes, porous aromatic frameworks, etc.), which may be performed in a divergent (as a gradual dendron growth on the support) or convergent way (as a grafting of whole dendrimer to the support); and (3) dendrimer cross-linking, using transition metal ions (resulting in coordination polymer networks) or bifunctional organic linkers, whose size, polarity, and rigidity define the properties of the resulted material. Additionally, magnetically separable dendritic catalysts, which can be synthesized using the three above-mentioned approaches, are also considered. Dendritic catalysts, synthesized in such ways, can be stored as powders and be easily separated from the reaction medium by filtration/centrifugation as traditional heterogeneous catalysts, maintaining efficiency as for homogeneous dendritic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Karakhanov
- Department of Petroleum Chemistry and Organic Catalysis, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anton Maximov
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anna Zolotukhina
- Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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2
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Lejeune A, Le Goanvic L, Renouard T, Couturier J, Dubois J, Carpentier J, Rabiller‐Baudry M. Coupling Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of 10‐Undecenitrile with Organic Solvent Nanofiltration: Toluene Solution versus Solvent‐Free Processes. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1744-1760. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lejeune
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Lucas Le Goanvic
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thierry Renouard
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Jean‐Luc Dubois
- Arkema France 420 Rue d'Estienne d'Orves 92705 Colombes France
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Shende VS, Saptal VB, Bhanage BM. Recent Advances Utilized in the Recycling of Homogeneous Catalysis. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2022-2043. [PMID: 31021522 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous catalysts often show high activity and selectivity towards the various chemical transformations. Most of the transition metal-based active catalysts are expensive, rare, and have strict regulations for their use in pharmaceutical products. Hence, there is a requirement to develop suitable technologies for the practical separation and recycling of metal complex catalysts along with the sustainability of the process. This review focuses on the recent techniques used for the catalyst separation, their recovery, and recyclability of the homogeneous form of catalysts based on their economic compatibility and industrial applications. Various homogeneous catalysts have been reviewed on the basis of their support or media, active centres and recyclability aspects of the catalysts. This review gives brief insights into the varied examples of different recycling techniques utilized in the past 6-7 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali S Shende
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Vitthal B Saptal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Bhalchandra M Bhanage
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
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Tole TT, Jordaan JHL, Vosloo HCM. Catalysis of linear alkene metathesis by Grubbs-type ruthenium alkylidene complexes containing hemilabile α,α-diphenyl-(monosubstituted-pyridin-2-yl)methanolato ligands. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:194-209. [PMID: 30745994 PMCID: PMC6350883 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new Grubbs-type precatalysts [RuCl(H2IMes)(O^N)(=CHPh)], where [O^N = α,α-diphenyl-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methanolato, α,α-diphenyl-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)methanolato, α,α-diphenyl-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)methanolato and α,α-diphenyl-(3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanolato] were synthesized and tested for their activity, stability and selectivity in the 1-octene metathesis reaction. Overall the precatalysts showed good activity and high stability for the metathesis of 1-octene at temperatures above 80 °C and up to 110 °C. Selectivities towards the primary metathesis products, i.e., 7-tetradecene and ethene, above 85% were obtained with all the precatalysts at 80 and 90 °C. High selectivities were also observed at 100 °C for the 4-Me- and 3-OMe-substituted precatalysts. With an increase in temperature an increase in isomerisation products and secondary metathesis products were observed with the latter reaching values >20% for the 3-OMe- and 3-Me-substituted precatalysts at 110 and 100 °C, respectively. All the precatalysts exhibits first-order kinetics at 80 °C with the 3-substituted precatalysts the slowest. The behaviour of the 3-substituted precatalysts can be attributed to electronic and steric effects associated with the adjacent bulky phenyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegene T Tole
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Johan H L Jordaan
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Hermanus C M Vosloo
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa
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5
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Tole T, Jordaan J, Vosloo H. Synthesis and Application of the Transition Metal Complexes of α-Pyridinyl Alcohols, α-Bipyridinyl Alcohols, α,α'-Pyridinyl Diols and α,α'-Bipyridinyl Diols in Homogeneous Catalysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040896. [PMID: 29649178 PMCID: PMC6017785 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper presents a comprehensive survey on the synthetic procedures of transition metal complexes of α-pyridinyl alcoholato, α-bipyridinyl alcoholato, α,α'-pyridinyl dialcoholato and α,α'-bipyridinyl dialcoholato ligands and their coordination chemistry. Greater emphasis is, however, given to the catalytic activity of the complexes in homogeneous and asymmetric chemical reactions. The multidentate character of the pyridinyl alcohols and/or bipyridinyl diols is of great importance in the complexation with a large number and type of transition metals. The transition metal complexes of pyridinyl alcoholato or bipyridinyl dialcoholato ligands in most cases, and a few pyridinyl alcohols alone, were used as catalysts in homogeneous and chemical asymmetric reactions. In most of the homogeneously catalysed enantioselective chemical reactions, limited numbers and types of pyridinyl alcohols and or bipyridinyl diols were used in the preparation of chiral catalysts that led to a few investigations on the catalytic importance of the pyridinyl alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegene Tole
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Johannes Jordaan
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Hermanus Vosloo
- Research Focus Area for Chemical Resource Beneficiation, Catalysis and Synthesis Research Group, North-West University, Hoffmann Street, 2531 Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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Lejeune A, Rabiller-Baudry M, Renouard T. Design of membrane cascades according to the method of McCabe-Thiele: An organic solvent nanofiltration case study for olefin hydroformylation in toluene. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Keraani A, Nasser G, Shahane S, Renouard T, Bruneau C, Rabiller-Baudry M, Fischmeister C. Syntheses and characterization of molecular weight enlarged olefin metathesis pre-catalysts. CR CHIM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Marchetti P, Jimenez Solomon MF, Szekely G, Livingston AG. Molecular separation with organic solvent nanofiltration: a critical review. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10735-806. [PMID: 25333504 DOI: 10.1021/cr500006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 832] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Nasser G, Renouard T, Shahane S, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C, Rabiller-Baudry M. Interest of the Precatalyst Design for Olefin Metathesis Operating in a Discontinuous Nanofiltration Membrane Reactor. Chempluschem 2013; 78:728-736. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Yazerski VA, Orue A, Evers T, Kleijn H, Klein Gebbink RJM. Molecularly enlarged S,S-BnTsDPEN ligands for iron-catalyzed asymmetric olefin epoxidation reactions using hydrogen peroxide. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00484h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Shahane S, Toupet L, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C. Synthesis and Characterization of Sterically Enlarged Hoveyda-Type Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Vougioukalakis GC. Removing Ruthenium Residues from Olefin Metathesis Reaction Products. Chemistry 2012; 18:8868-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Schachner JA, Cabrera J, Padilla R, Fischer C, van der Schaaf PA, Pretot R, Rominger F, Limbach M. A Set of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts with Extraordinary Stickiness to Silica. ACS Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/cs2002109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg A. Schachner
- CaRLa−Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - José Cabrera
- CaRLa−Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Padilla
- CaRLa−Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fischer
- Basic Chemicals Research, GCB/C−M313, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Paul A. van der Schaaf
- Printed Systems, GKS/P−R1059, BASF Schweiz AG, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger Pretot
- Printed Systems, GKS/P−R1059, BASF Schweiz AG, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Limbach
- CaRLa−Catalysis Research Laboratory, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Basic Chemicals Research, GCB/C−M313, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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14
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Astruc D, Diallo AK, Gatard S, Liang L, Ornelas C, Martinez V, Méry D, Ruiz J. Olefin metathesis in nano-sized systems. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:94-103. [PMID: 21286399 PMCID: PMC3028528 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between olefin metathesis and dendrimers and other nano systems is addressed in this mini review mostly based on the authors’ own contributions over the last decade. Two subjects are presented and discussed: (i) The catalysis of olefin metathesis by dendritic nano-catalysts via either covalent attachment (ROMP) or, more usefully, dendrimer encapsulation – ring closing metathesis (RCM), cross metathesis (CM), enyne metathesis reactions (EYM) – for reactions in water without a co-solvent and (ii) construction and functionalization of dendrimers by CM reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Astruc
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR CNRS No 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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15
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Virboul M, Lutz M, Siegler M, Spek A, van Koten G, Klein Gebbink RJ. One-Pot Synthesis and Immobilisation of Sulfonate-TetheredN-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes on Polycationic Dendrimers. Chemistry 2009; 15:9981-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Wander M, Hausoul PJC, Sliedregt LAJM, van Steen BJ, van Koten G, Klein Gebbink RJM. Synthesis of Polyaryl Rigid-Core Carbosilane Dendrimers for Supported Organic Synthesis. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900265v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Wander
- Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. C. Hausoul
- Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A. J. M. Sliedregt
- Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V., Chemical Design and Synthesis Unit, C.J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J. van Steen
- Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V., Chemical Design and Synthesis Unit, C.J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard van Koten
- Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink
- Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Keraani A, Renouard T, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C, Rabiller-Baudry M. Recovery of enlarged olefin metathesis catalysts by nanofiltration in an eco-friendly solvent. CHEMSUSCHEM 2008; 1:927-933. [PMID: 18942694 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200800152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at integrating a green separation process without phase change, namely nanofiltration, with olefin metathesis to recover the homogeneous catalyst. As the commercially available Hoveyda II catalyst was not sufficiently retained by the membrane, a set of homogeneous ruthenium-based catalysts were prepared to enhance the recovery of the catalyst by solvent-resistant commercial membranes made of polyimide (Starmem 228). The molecular weights of the catalysts were gradually increased from 627 to 2195 g mol(-1), and recovery was found to increase from around 70 % to 90 % both in toluene and dimethyl carbonate. The most retained catalyst was then engaged in a series of model ring-closing metathesis reactions associated to a final nanofiltration step to recover and recycle the catalyst. Up to five cycles could be performed before a deterioration in the performance of the process was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Keraani
- CNRS - UMR Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Equipe Chimie et Ingénierie des Procédés, 263 avenue du général Leclerc, CS 74205, Bâtiment 10A, Case 1011, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
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18
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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19
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Jordaan M, Vosloo HM. Ruthenium Catalyst with a Chelating Pyridinyl-Alcoholato Ligand for Application in Linear Alkene Metathesis. Adv Synth Catal 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200600474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Bieniek M, Bujok R, Stępowska H, Jacobi A, Hagenkötter R, Arlt D, Jarzembska K, Makal A, Woźniak K, Grela K. New air-stable ruthenium olefin metathesis precatalysts derived from bisphenol S. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Berger A, Klein Gebbink RJM, van Koten G. Transition Metal Dendrimer Catalysts. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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22
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Nithyanandhan J, Jayaraman N. Efficient halogen–lithium exchange reactions to functionalize poly(alkyl aryl ether) dendrimers. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Synthesis of monomeric and dendritic ruthenium benzylidene cis-bis-tertiobutyl phosphine complexes that catalyze the ROMP of norbornene under ambient conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Astruc D, Heuzé K, Gatard S, Méry D, Nlate S, Plault L. Metallodendritic Catalysis for Redox and CarbonCarbon Bond Formation Reactions: A Step towards Green Chemistry. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Le Nôtre J, Firet JJ, Sliedregt LAJM, van Steen BJ, van Koten G, Klein Gebbink RJM. Dialyzable Carbosilane Dendrimers as Soluble Supports for the Functionalization of Pyridine Fragments via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. Org Lett 2005; 7:363-6. [PMID: 15673240 DOI: 10.1021/ol0480776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The use of carbosilane (CS) dendrimers as soluble supports in liquid phase organic synthesis (LPOS) is described. Control of the three key steps is perfectly achieved by covalently binding a pyridine fragment to the soluble support, modifying it via coupling reactions, and releasing it at the end. Nanofiltration (dialysis) allows facile purification of the supported molecules after each step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Le Nôtre
- Debye Institute, Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Krishna TR, Jayaraman N. Synthesis and catalytic activities of PdII–phosphine complexes modified poly(ether imine) dendrimers. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Selective lithiation and crystal structures of G1-carbosilane dendrimers with dimethoxybenzene functionalities. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Gatard S, Kahlal S, Méry D, Nlate S, Cloutet E, Saillard JY, Astruc D. Synthesis, Chemistry, DFT Calculations, and ROMP Activity of Monomeric Benzylidene Complexes Containing a Chelating Diphosphine and of Four Generations of Metallodendritic Analogues. Positive and Negative Dendritic Effects and Formation of Dendritic Ruthenium−Polynorbornene Stars. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om030608r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Gatard
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Denise Méry
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Sylvain Nlate
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Eric Cloutet
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Yves Saillard
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Didier Astruc
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Group, LCOO, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France, LCSIM, UMR CNRS No. 6511, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France, and LCPO, UMR CNRS No. 5629, ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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Dı́ez-Barra E, González R, Sánchez-Verdú P, Tolosa J. Synthesis of periphery-functionalized dendritic polyethers. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Astruc D, Blais JC, Daniel MC, Gatard S, Nlate S, Ruiz J. Metallodendrimers and dendronized gold colloids as nanocatalysts, nanosensors and nanomaterials for molecular electronics. CR CHIM 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2003.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kreiter R, Klein Gebbink RJ, van Koten G. Design and synthesis of tris[bis(benzylammonium)aryl]phosphines with bulky meta-substituents. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Meijboom R, Hutton AT, Moss JR. Synthesis and Characterization of Lithiated Dendrimers. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om020799i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reinout Meijboom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Alan T. Hutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - John R. Moss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Kim C, Kim H. 2,2′:6′,2″-Terpyridine and bis(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine)ruthenium(II) complex on the dendritic periphery. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim C, Kim H, Park K. Diels–Alder reaction of anthracene and N-ethylmaleimide on the carbosilane dendrimer. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)02148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Findeis R, Gade L. Tripodal Phosphane Ligands with Novel Linker Units and Their Rhodium Complexes as Building Blocks for Dendrimer Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200390019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dijkstra HP, van Klink GPM, van Koten G. The use of ultra- and nanofiltration techniques in homogeneous catalyst recycling. Acc Chem Res 2002; 35:798-810. [PMID: 12234210 DOI: 10.1021/ar0100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of membrane technology in homogeneous catalyst recycling has received widespread attention. This technology offers a solution for the major drawback of homogeneous catalysis, that is, recycling of the catalyst. From both an environmental and an industrial point of view, this technology is very interesting, since it allows the future application of homogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of commercial products, leading to faster, cleaner and highly selective green industrial processes. In this account, an overview is given of the promising results obtained in the field of homogeneous catalyst recycling using nanofiltration membrane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harm P Dijkstra
- Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Debye Institute, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- D Astruc
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique, UMR CNRS No. 5802, Université Bordeaux I, 33405 Talence Cedex, France.
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Hovestad NJ, Ford A, Jastrzebski JT, van Koten G. Functionalized carbosilane dendritic species as soluble supports in organic synthesis. J Org Chem 2000; 65:6338-44. [PMID: 11052074 DOI: 10.1021/jo991726k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology, which is compatible with the use of reactive organometallic reagents, has been developed for the use of carbosilane dendrimers as soluble supports in organic synthesis. Hydroxy-functionalized dendritic carbosilanes Si[CH2CH2CH2SiMe2(C6H4CH(R)OH)]4 (G0-OH, R = H or (S)-Me) and Si[CH2CH2CH2Si[CH2CH2CH2SiMe2(C6H4CH(R)OH)]3]4 (G1-OH, R = H or (S)-Me) were prepared and subsequently converted into the esters Si[CH2CH2CH2SiMe2(C6H4CH(R)OC(O)CH2Ph)]4 (R = H or (S)-Me) and Si[CH2CH2CH2Si[CH2CH2CH2SiMe2(C6H4CH(R)OC(O)CH2C6H4 R')]3]4 (R = H and R' = H or R = (S)-Me and R' = H or R = H and R' = Br). As an example the latter compound was functionalized under Suzuki conditions. The functionalized carboxylic acid was obtained in high yield after cleavage from the dendritic support. Moreover, the ester functionalized dendrimers were converted to the corresponding zinc enolates followed by a condensation reaction with an imine to a beta-lactam in excellent yield and purity. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that a small combinatorial library of beta-lactams could be prepared starting from a carbosilane dendrimer functionalized with different ester moieties. These results show that carbosilane dendrimers can be applied as soluble substrate carriers for the generation of low molecular weight organic molecules. In combination with nanofiltration techniques, separation and recycling of the dendrimers can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Hovestad
- Debye Institute, Department of Metal-Mediated Synthesis, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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