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Zhang H, Xie S, Yang J, Ye N, Gao F, Gallou F, Gao L, Lei X. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 2-Aryl Thiazolines from 4-Hydroxybenzaldehydes Using Vanillyl Alcohol Oxidases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405833. [PMID: 38748747 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen heterocycles are commonly found in bioactive natural products and drugs. However, the biocatalytic tools for nitrogen heterocycle synthesis are limited. Herein, we report the discovery of vanillyl alcohol oxidases (VAOs) as efficient biocatalysts for the one-pot synthesis of 2-aryl thiazolines from various 4-hydroxybenzaldehydes and aminothiols. The wild-type biocatalyst features a broad scope of 4-hydroxybenzaldehydes. Though the scope of aminothiols is limited, it could be improved via semi-rational protein engineering, generating a variant to produce previously inaccessible cysteine-derived bioactive 2-aryl thiazolines using the wild-type VAO. Benefiting from the derivatizable functional groups in the enzymatic products, we further chemically modified these products to expand the chemical space, offering a new chemoenzymatic strategy for the green and efficient synthesis of structurally diverse 2-aryl-thiazoline derivatives to prompt their use in drug discovery and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Xie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ye
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Technical Development Co., Ltd., Changshu, 215537, People's Republic of China
- Current Address: Rezubio Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, 519070, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Technical Development Co., Ltd., Changshu, 215537, People's Republic of China
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, Basel, 4056, Switzerland
| | - Lei Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China
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2
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Ückert AK, Rütschlin S, Gutbier S, Wörz NC, Miah MR, Martins AC, Hauer I, Holzer AK, Meyburg B, Mix AK, Hauck C, Aschner M, Böttcher T, Leist M. Identification of the bacterial metabolite aerugine as potential trigger of human dopaminergic neurodegeneration. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108229. [PMID: 37797477 PMCID: PMC10666548 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The causes of nigrostriatal cell death in idiopathic Parkinson's disease are unknown, but exposure to toxic chemicals may play some role. We followed up here on suggestions that bacterial secondary metabolites might be selectively cytotoxic to dopaminergic neurons. Extracts from Streptomyces venezuelae were found to kill human dopaminergic neurons (LUHMES cells). Utilizing this model system as a bioassay, we identified a bacterial metabolite known as aerugine (C10H11NO2S; 2-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]phenol) and confirmed this finding by chemical re-synthesis. This 2-hydroxyphenyl-thiazoline compound was previously shown to be a product of a wide-spread biosynthetic cluster also found in the human microbiome and in several pathogens. Aerugine triggered half-maximal dopaminergic neurotoxicity at 3-4 µM. It was less toxic for other neurons (10-20 µM), and non-toxic (at <100 µM) for common human cell lines. Neurotoxicity was completely prevented by several iron chelators, by distinct anti-oxidants and by a caspase inhibitor. In the Caenorhabditis elegans model organism, general survival was not affected by aerugine concentrations up to 100 µM. When transgenic worms, expressing green fluorescent protein only in their dopamine neurons, were exposed to aerugine, specific neurodegeneration was observed. The toxicant also exerted functional dopaminergic toxicity in nematodes as determined by the "basal slowing response" assay. Thus, our research has unveiled a bacterial metabolite with a remarkably selective toxicity toward human dopaminergic neurons in vitro and for the dopaminergic nervous system of Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. These findings suggest that microbe-derived environmental chemicals should be further investigated for their role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina Ückert
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sina Rütschlin
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Simon Gutbier
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nathalie Christine Wörz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Biological Chemistry & Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystems Science, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 (UZA II), 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mahfuzur R Miah
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10641 Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Airton C Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10641 Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10641 Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Isa Hauer
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anna-Katharina Holzer
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Birthe Meyburg
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Mix
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Postablage 621, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof Hauck
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Postablage 621, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10641 Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10641 Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Böttcher
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry, Institute for Biological Chemistry & Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystems Science, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 (UZA II), 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Marcel Leist
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Dept inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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3
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Jenul C, Keim KC, Jens JN, Zeiler MJ, Schilcher K, Schurr MJ, Melander C, Phelan VV, Horswill AR. Pyochelin biotransformation by Staphylococcus aureus shapes bacterial competition with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in polymicrobial infections. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112540. [PMID: 37227819 PMCID: PMC10592502 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are among the most frequently isolated bacterial species from polymicrobial infections of patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic wounds. We apply mass spectrometry guided interaction studies to determine how chemical interaction shapes the fitness and community structure during co-infection of these two pathogens. We demonstrate that S. aureus is equipped with an elegant mechanism to inactivate pyochelin via the yet uncharacterized methyltransferase Spm (staphylococcal pyochelin methyltransferase). Methylation of pyochelin abolishes the siderophore activity of pyochelin and significantly lowers pyochelin-mediated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in S. aureus. In a murine wound co-infection model, an S. aureus mutant unable to methylate pyochelin shows significantly lower fitness compared with its parental strain. Thus, Spm-mediated pyochelin methylation is a mechanism to increase S. aureus survival during in vivo competition with P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jenul
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Klara C Keim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Justin N Jens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael J Zeiler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Katrin Schilcher
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Michael J Schurr
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Vanessa V Phelan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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4
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Rayner B, Verderosa AD, Ferro V, Blaskovich MAT. Siderophore conjugates to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:800-822. [PMID: 37252105 PMCID: PMC10211321 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00465h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to society due to the increasing emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria that are not susceptible to our last line of defence antibiotics. Exacerbating this issue is a severe gap in antibiotic development, with no new clinically relevant classes of antibiotics developed in the last two decades. The combination of the rapidly increasing emergence of resistance and scarcity of new antibiotics in the clinical pipeline means there is an urgent need for new efficacious treatment strategies. One promising solution, known as the 'Trojan horse' approach, hijacks the iron transport system of bacteria to deliver antibiotics directly into cells - effectively tricking bacteria into killing themselves. This transport system uses natively produced siderophores, which are small molecules with a high affinity for iron. By linking antibiotics to siderophores, to make siderophore antibiotic conjugates, the activity of existing antibiotics can potentially be reinvigorated. The success of this strategy was recently exemplified with the clinical release of cefiderocol, a cephalosporin-siderophore conjugate with potent antibacterial activity against carbapenem-resistant and multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli. This review discusses the recent advancements in siderophore antibiotic conjugates and the challenges associated with the design of these compounds that need to be overcome to deliver more efficacious therapeutics. Potential strategies have also been suggested for new generations of siderophore-antibiotics with enhanced activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Rayner
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Anthony D Verderosa
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Vito Ferro
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Australia
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Australia
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5
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Selective detection of Aeromonas spp. by a fluorescent probe based on the siderophore amonabactin. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 230:111743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lages MA, de la Fuente MC, Ageitos L, Martínez-Matamoros D, Rodríguez J, Balado M, Jiménez C, Lemos ML. FrpA is the outer membrane piscibactin transporter in Vibrio anguillarum: structural elements in synthetic piscibactin analogues required for transport. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 27:133-142. [PMID: 34792655 PMCID: PMC8840927 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Piscibactin (Pcb) is a labile siderophore widespread among Vibrionaceae. Its production is a major virulence factor of some fish pathogens such as Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Vibrio anguillarum. Although FrpA was previously suggested as the putative outer membrane transporter (OMT) for ferri-piscibactin, its role in piscibactin uptake was never demonstrated. In this work, we generated mutants of V. anguillarum defective in FrpA and analyzed their ability to use piscibactin as iron source. The results showed that inactivation of frpA completely disables piscibactin utilization, and the original phenotype could be restored by gene complementation, confirming that FrpA is the OMT that mediates ferri-Pcb uptake. Additionally, the ability of several Pcb thiazole analogues, with different configurations at positions 9, 10, and 13, to be internalized through FrpA, was evaluated measuring their ability to promote growth under iron deficiency of several indicator strains. The results showed that while those analogues with a thiazole ring maintain almost the same activity as Pcb, the maintenance of the hydroxyl group present in natural piscibactin configuration at position C-13 is crucial for Fe3+ chelation and, in consequence, for the recognition of the ferri-siderophore by the cognate OMT. All these findings allowed us to propose a Pcb analogue as a good candidate to vectorize antimicrobial compounds, through the Trojan horse strategy, to develop novel compounds against bacterial fish diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Lages
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Carmen de la Fuente
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lucía Ageitos
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Diana Martínez-Matamoros
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Miguel Balado
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Manuel L Lemos
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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7
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Kaplan AR, Musaev DG, Wuest WM. Pyochelin Biosynthetic Metabolites Bind Iron and Promote Growth in Pseudomonads Demonstrating Siderophore-like Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:544-551. [PMID: 33577297 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonads employ several strategies to sequester iron vital for their survival including the use of siderophores such as pyoverdine and pyochelin. Similar in structure but significantly less studied are pyochelin biosynthetic byproducts, dihydroaeruginoic acid, aeruginoic acid, aeruginaldehyde (IQS), and aeruginol, along with two other structurally related molecules, aerugine and pyonitrins A-D, which have all been isolated from numerous Pseudomonad extracts. Because of the analogous substructure of these compounds to pyochelin, we hypothesized that they may play a role in iron homeostasis or have a biological effect on other bacterial species. Herein, we discuss the physiochemical evaluation of these molecules and disclose, for the first time, their ability to bind iron and promote growth in Pseudomonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Djamaladdin G. Musaev
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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8
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de la Fuente MC, Segade Y, Valderrama K, Rodríguez J, Jiménez C. Convergent Total Synthesis of the Siderophore Piscibactin as Its Ga 3+ Complex. Org Lett 2021; 23:340-345. [PMID: 33355466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The siderophore piscibactin is a key virulence factor involved in the iron uptake of pathogenic bacteria Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Vibrio anguillarum, responsible for the fish diseases photobacterioisis (pasteurellosis) and vibriosis, respectively. A convergent total synthesis of its Ga3+ complex using l-/d-cysteine as chiral agents and Meldrum's acid is described. A Staudinger reduction/Aza-Wittig process in the synthesis of the acid-sensitive β-hydroxy-2,4-disubstituted thiazoline moiety and the convenient protecting groups was a key step in this synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen de la Fuente
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica CICA-INIBIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Yuri Segade
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica CICA-INIBIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Katherine Valderrama
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica CICA-INIBIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica CICA-INIBIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica CICA-INIBIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
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9
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Khatun S, Biswas S, Binoy A, Podder A, Mishra N, Bhuniya S. Highly chemoselective turn-on fluorescent probe for ferrous (Fe2+) ion detection in cosmetics and live cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 209:111943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Sweidan A, Smida I, Chollet-Krugler M, Sauvager A, Vallet J, Gouault N, Oliviero N, Tamanai-Shacoori Z, Burel A, van de Weghe P, Chokr A, Tomasi S, Bousarghin L. Lichen butyrolactone derivatives disrupt oral bacterial membrane. Fitoterapia 2019; 137:104274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Carney IJ, Kolanowski JL, Lim Z, Chekroun B, Torrisi AG, Hambley TW, New EJ. A ratiometric iron probe enables investigation of iron distribution within tumour spheroids. Metallomics 2019; 10:553-556. [PMID: 29658547 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Iron dysregulation is implicated in numerous diseases, and iron homeostasis is profoundly influenced by the labile iron pool (LIP). Tools to easily observe changes in the LIP are limited, with calcein AM-based assays most widely used. We describe here FlCFe1, a ratiometric analogue of calcein AM, which also provides the capacity for imaging iron in 3D cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Carney
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Zelong Lim
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Angela G Torrisi
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Trevor W Hambley
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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12
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Interactions between Aspergillus fumigatus and Pulmonary Bacteria: Current State of the Field, New Data, and Future Perspective. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 5:jof5020048. [PMID: 31212791 PMCID: PMC6617096 DOI: 10.3390/jof5020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are central fungal and bacterial members of the pulmonary microbiota. The interactions between A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa have only just begun to be explored. A balance between inhibitory and stimulatory effects on fungal growth was observed in mixed A. fumigatus-P. aeruginosa cultures. Negative interactions have been seen for homoserine-lactones, pyoverdine and pyochelin resulting from iron starvation and intracellular inhibitory reactive oxidant production. In contrast, several types of positive interactions were recognized. Dirhamnolipids resulted in the production of a thick fungal cell wall, allowing the fungus to resist stress. Phenazines and pyochelin favor iron uptake for the fungus. A. fumigatus is able to use bacterial volatiles to promote its growth. The immune response is also differentially regulated by co-infections.
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13
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Zhang J, Zhao T, Yang R, Siridechakorn I, Wang S, Guo Q, Bai Y, Shen HC, Lei X. De novo synthesis, structural assignment and biological evaluation of pseudopaline, a metallophore produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6635-6641. [PMID: 31367316 PMCID: PMC6625496 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01405e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudopaline is an opine carboxylate metallophore produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa for harvesting divalent metals. However, the structure of pseudopaline is not fully elucidated. Herein, we report the first de novo total synthesis and isolation of pseudopaline, which allows unambiguous determination and confirmation of both the absolute and the relative configuration of the natural product. The synthesis highlights an efficient and stereocontrolled route using the asymmetric Tsuji-Trost reaction as the key step. The preliminary structure-activity relationship study indicated that one pseudopaline derivative shows comparable activity to pseudopaline. Moreover, a pseudopaline-fluorescein conjugate was prepared and evaluated, which confirmed that pseudopaline could be transported in the bacteria. Since the metal acquisition by P. aeruginosa is crucial for its ability to cause diseases, our extensive structural and functional studies of pseudopaline may pave the way for developing new therapeutic strategies such as the "Trojan horse" antibiotic conjugate against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Tianhu Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Rongwen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Ittipon Siridechakorn
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Sanshan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Yingjie Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Hong C Shen
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai , Roche Pharma Research & Early Development , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemical Biology , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center , Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China .
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14
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Shapiro JA, Morrison KR, Chodisetty SS, Musaev DG, Wuest WM. Biologically Inspired Total Synthesis of Ulbactin F, an Iron-Binding Natural Product. Org Lett 2018; 20:5922-5926. [PMID: 30199265 PMCID: PMC6456333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products from environmental microbiomes provide exquisite templates for elucidating biological activity in the search for new drugs. A recently discovered marine Brevibacillus sp. metabolite, ulbactin F, was found to inhibit tumor cell migration and invasion at IC50 < 3 μM. Herein, we disclose the first total synthesis of ulbactin F and epi-ulbactin F, which was modeled after the biosynthetic pathway. The scaffold bears structural similarity to siderophores of human pathogens but contains a novel tricyclic ring system derived from cysteine. We have found that ulbactin F forms low-affinity metal complexes, with a preference for Fe3+ and Cu2+, which may hint both at its environmental role and its antimetastatic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Shapiro
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kelly R. Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Shreya S. Chodisetty
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Djamaladdin G. Musaev
- Cherry L. Emerson Centre for Scientific Computation, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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15
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Pushparaj Selvadoss P, Nellore J, Balaraman Ravindrran M, Sekar U. Novel pyochelin-based PEGylated liposomes for enhanced delivery of antibiotics against resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:2043-2053. [PMID: 29179607 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1408119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a problematic human pathogen resistant to almost all available antibiotics. The important prerequisite for these drugs to target this bacterium is an efficient delivery system. Siderophore-mediated drug delivery system is a promising approach to carry out antibiotics to the cells. Pyochelin, a siderophore of P. aeruginosa, was successfully synthesized in a five-step procedure. PEGylated liposomal pyochelin-antibiotic (L-Pch-Ab) carrier was fabricated by thin-film hydration method. L-Pch-Ab had an average size of 90.31 ± 0.11 nm holding a negative zeta potential at -54.12 ± 0.03 mV (PDI <2). The MIC determined by broth dilution method against three clinical strains isolated from burn wounds showed that L-Pch-Ab significantly reduced (≤16 µg/ml) the MIC values than those of free antibiotics. In the time kill assay, L-Pch-Ab was bactericidal against all strains at most time intervals at 2 × and 4 × MIC up to 24 h. TEM observations revealed that L-Pch-Ab was actively taken up by P. aeruginosa and exhibited membrane deformation within 2 h. Developed L-Pch-Ab fused intimately with the outer membrane of MDRPa and exhibited effective antibacterial activity than free Ab. Furthermore, L-Pch-Ab kills MDRPa within infected HaCaT keratinocytes without any cytotoxic effects at 4× MIC concentrations after 72 h. Thus, the specific targeting of L-Pch-Ab with its higher efficacy to deliver drug by limiting the toxicity will be a novel approach to fight infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayshree Nellore
- b Department of Biotechnology , Sathyabama University , Chennai , India
| | | | - Uma Sekar
- d Department of Microbiology , Sri Ramachandra University , Chennai , India
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16
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Chen PHC, Ho SY, Chen PL, Hung TC, Liang AJ, Kuo TF, Huang HC, Wang TSA. Selective Targeting of Vibrios by Fluorescent Siderophore-Based Probes. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2720-2724. [PMID: 28991433 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Siderophores are small molecules used to specifically transport iron into bacteria via related receptors. By adapting siderophores and hijacking their pathways, we may discover an efficient and selective way to target microbes. Herein, we report the synthesis of a siderophore-fluorophore conjugate VF-FL derived from vibrioferrin (VF). Using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, the probe selectively labeled vibrios, including V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus, even in the presence of other species such as S. aureus and E. coli. The labeling is siderophore-related and both iron-limited conditions and the siderophore moiety are required. The competitive relationship between VF-FL and VF in vibrios implies an unreported VF-related transport mechanism in V. cholerae and V. vulnificus. These studies demonstrate that the siderophore scaffold provides a method to selectively target microbes expressing cognate receptors under iron-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Hsun Chase Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Sheng-Yang Ho
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Pin-Lung Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Tzu-Chiao Hung
- Institute
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - An-Jou Liang
- Institute
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Tang-Feng Kuo
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Hsiao-Chun Huang
- Institute
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Tsung-Shing Andrew Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (Republic of China)
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17
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Paulen A, Hoegy F, Roche B, Schalk IJ, Mislin GL. Synthesis of conjugates between oxazolidinone antibiotics and a pyochelin analogue. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4867-4870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Mudhulkar R, Nair RR, Raval IH, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Visualizing Zn2+in Living Whole OrganismArtemiaby a Natural Fluorimetric Intermediate Siderophore. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Mudhulkar
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
| | - Ishan H. Raval
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg; Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat INDIA
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19
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Ferreira K, Hu HY, Fetz V, Prochnow H, Rais B, Müller PP, Brönstrup M. Multivalent Siderophore-DOTAM Conjugates as Theranostics for Imaging and Treatment of Bacterial Infections. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8272-8276. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ferreira
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Hai-Yu Hu
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; 1 Xiannongtan Street 100050 P.R. China
| | - Verena Fetz
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
- School of Engineering and Science; Jacobs University Bremen; Germany
| | - Hans Prochnow
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Bushra Rais
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter P. Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF); Inhoffenstrasse 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
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20
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Ferreira K, Hu HY, Fetz V, Prochnow H, Rais B, Müller PP, Brönstrup M. Multivalente Siderophor-DOTAM-Konjugate als Theranostika zur Visualisierung und Behandlung bakterieller Infektionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ferreira
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Hai-Yu Hu
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; 1 Xiannongtan Street Peking 100050 VR China
| | - Verena Fetz
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
- School of Engineering and Science; Jacobs University Bremen; Deutschland
| | - Hans Prochnow
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Bushra Rais
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter P. Müller
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Abteilung für chemische Biologie; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung und Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF); Inhoffenstraße 7 38124 Braunschweig Deutschland
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21
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Klahn P, Brönstrup M. Bifunctional antimicrobial conjugates and hybrid antimicrobials. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:832-885. [PMID: 28530279 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00006e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2016Novel antimicrobial drugs are continuously needed to counteract bacterial resistance development. An innovative molecular design strategy for novel antibiotic drugs is based on the hybridization of an antibiotic with a second functional entity. Such conjugates can be grouped into two major categories. In the first category (antimicrobial hybrids), both functional elements of the hybrid exert antimicrobial activity. Due to the dual targeting, resistance development can be significantly impaired, the pharmacokinetic properties can be superior compared to combination therapies with the single antibiotics, and the antibacterial potency is often enhanced in a synergistic manner. In the second category (antimicrobial conjugates), one functional moiety controls the accumulation of the other part of the conjugate, e.g. by mediating an active transport into the bacterial cell or blocking the efflux. This approach is mostly applied to translocate compounds across the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria through membrane-embedded transporters (e.g. siderophore transporters) that provide nutrition and signalling compounds to the cell. Such 'Trojan Horse' approaches can expand the antibacterial activity of compounds against Gram-negative pathogens, or offer new options for natural products that could not be developed as standalone antibiotics, e.g. due to their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Klahn
- Department for Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. and Institute for Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - M Brönstrup
- Department for Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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22
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Balado M, Segade Y, Rey D, Osorio CR, Rodríguez J, Lemos ML, Jiménez C. Identification of the Ferric-Acinetobactin Outer Membrane Receptor in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and Structure-Activity Relationships of Synthetic Acinetobactin Analogues. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:479-493. [PMID: 27936588 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in several fish species, produces acinetobactin and amonabactin as siderophores. In a previous study, we chemically characterized these siderophores and proposed a biosynthetic pathway based on genetic analysis. However, the internalization mechanisms of ferric-acinetobactin and ferric-amonabactin remain largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that the outer membrane protein FstB is the ferric-acinetobactin receptor in A. salmonicida since an fstB defective mutant is unable to grow under iron limitation and does not use acinetobactin as an iron source. In order to study the effect that structural changes in acinetobactin have on its siderophore activity, a collection of acinetobactin-based analogues was synthesized, including its enantiomer and four demethylated derivatives. The biological activity of these analogues on an fstB(+) strain compared to an fstB(-) strain allowed structure-activity relationships to be elucidated. We found a lack of enantiomer preference on the siderophore activity of acinetobactin over A. salmonicida or on the molecular recognition by FstB protein receptor. In addition, it was observed that A. salmonicida could not use acinetobactin analogues when imidazole or a similar heterocyclic ring was absent from the structure. Surprisingly, removal of the methyl group at the isoxazolidinone ring induced a higher biological activity, thus suggesting alternative route(s) of entry into the cell that must be further investigated. It is proposed that some of the synthetic acinetobactin analogues described here could be used as starting points in the development of novel drugs against A. salmonicida and probably against other acinetobactin producers like the human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Balado
- Department
of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Yuri Segade
- Centro
de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento
de Química Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Diego Rey
- Department
of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos R. Osorio
- Department
of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Centro
de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento
de Química Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel L. Lemos
- Department
of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Centro
de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento
de Química Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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23
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Jiang Y, Zheng G, Cai N, Zhang H, Tan Y, Huang M, He Y, He J, Sun H. A fast-response fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid detection and its application in exogenous and endogenous HOCl imaging of living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12349-12352. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07373a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile fluorescent probe for exogenous and endogenous HOCl detection in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Guansheng Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Ning Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Huatang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Chemistry
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yonghe He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jun He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry
- Guangdong University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- City University of Hong Kong
- Kowloon
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology
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24
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Hirayama T, Nagasawa H. Chemical tools for detecting Fe ions. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 60:39-48. [PMID: 28163381 PMCID: PMC5281535 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its distinctive electrochemical properties with interconvertible multiple oxidation states, iron plays a significant role in various physiologically important functions such as respiration, oxygen transport, energy production, and enzymatic reactions. This redox activity can also potentially produce cellular damage and death, and numerous diseases are related to iron overload resulting from the dysfunction of the iron regulatory system. In this case, “free iron” or “labile iron,” which refers to iron ion weakly bound or not bound to proteins, causes aberrant production of reactive oxygen species. With the aim of elucidating the variation of labile iron involved in pathological processes, some chemical tools that can qualitatively and/or quantitatively monitor iron have been utilized to investigate the distribution, accumulation, and flux of biological iron species. Since iron ions show unique reactivity depending on its redox state, i.e., Fe2+ or Fe3+ (or transiently higher oxidative states), methods for the separate detection of iron species with different redox states are preferred to understand its physiological and pathological roles more in detail. The scope of this review article covers from classical chromogenic to newly emerging chemical tools for the detection of Fe ions. In particular, chemical tools applicable to biological studies will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Hirayama
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideko Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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25
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Petrik M, Zhai C, Haas H, Decristoforo C. Siderophores for molecular imaging applications. Clin Transl Imaging 2016; 5:15-27. [PMID: 28138436 PMCID: PMC5269471 DOI: 10.1007/s40336-016-0211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This review covers publications on siderophores applied for molecular imaging applications, mainly for radionuclide-based imaging. Siderophores are low molecular weight chelators produced by bacteria and fungi to scavenge essential iron. Research on these molecules has a continuing history over the past 50 years. Many biomedical applications have been developed, most prominently the use of the siderophore desferrioxamine (DFO) to tackle iron overload related diseases. Recent research described the upregulation of siderophore production and transport systems during infection. Replacing iron in siderophores by radionuclides, the most prominent Ga-68 for PET, opens approaches for targeted imaging of infection; the proof of principle has been reported for fungal infections using 68Ga-triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC). Additionally, fluorescent siderophores and therapeutic conjugates have been described and may be translated to optical imaging and theranostic applications. Siderophores have also been applied as bifunctional chelators, initially DFO as chelator for Ga-67 and more recently for Zr-89 where it has become the standard chelator in Immuno-PET. Improved DFO constructs and bifunctional chelators based on cyclic siderophores have recently been developed for Ga-68 and Zr-89 and show promising properties for radiopharmaceutical development in PET. A huge potential from basic biomedical research on siderophores still awaits to be utilized for clinical and translational imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Petrik
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Chuangyan Zhai
- Universitätsklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Experimental Nuclear Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Hubertus Haas
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Decristoforo
- Universitätsklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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26
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Lee AA, Chen YCS, Ekalestari E, Ho SY, Hsu NS, Kuo TF, Wang TSA. Facile and Versatile Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enterobactin Analogues and Applications in Bacterial Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert A. Lee
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chen S. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Elisa Ekalestari
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Sheng-Yang Ho
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Nai-Shu Hsu
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Tang-Feng Kuo
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Tsung-Shing Andrew Wang
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
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27
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Lee AA, Chen YCS, Ekalestari E, Ho SY, Hsu NS, Kuo TF, Wang TSA. Facile and Versatile Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enterobactin Analogues and Applications in Bacterial Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12338-42. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert A. Lee
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chen S. Chen
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Elisa Ekalestari
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Sheng-Yang Ho
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Nai-Shu Hsu
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Tang-Feng Kuo
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
| | - Tsung-Shing Andrew Wang
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan) (R.O.C
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28
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Raju M, Patel TJ, Nair RR, Chatterjee PB. Xanthurenic acid: a natural ionophore with high selectivity and sensitivity for potassium ions in an aqueous solution. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02540k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synopsis: A well-known tryptophan metabolite, xanthurenic acid, a natural non-fluorescent intermediate siderophore, showed a very selective turn-on response to K+ over other competing metal ions and the detection limit of this natural ionophore was found to be 53 nM at physiological pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Raju
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Tapasya J. Patel
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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29
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Kim HS, Song WY, Kim HJ. Development of a novel fluorescence probe capable of assessing the cytoplasmic entry of siderophore-based conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:73-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel fluorescence probe capable of assessing the cytoplasmic entry of siderophore-based conjugates was synthesized and evaluated by photochemical characterization and cell-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Young Song
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Joong Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Republic of Korea
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30
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Raju M, Nair RR, Raval IH, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Reporting a new siderophore based Ca2+ selective chemosensor that works as a staining agent in the live organism Artemia. Analyst 2015; 140:7799-809. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new acyclic chemosensor bearing a siderophore linked to a rhodamine 6G fluorophore showed highly selective detection of Ca2+ ions in 100% aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The probe showed bio-imaging applicability in the live animal Artemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Raju
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ishan H. Raval
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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31
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Segade Y, Montaos MA, Rodríguez J, Jiménez C. A Short Stereoselective Synthesis of Prepiscibactin Using a SmI2-Mediated Reformatsky Reaction and Zn2+-Induced Asymmetric Thiazolidine Formation. Org Lett 2014; 16:5820-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502958u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Segade
- Departamento de
Química
Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións
de Ciencias Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Marcos A. Montaos
- Departamento de
Química
Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións
de Ciencias Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Departamento de
Química
Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións
de Ciencias Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Departamento de
Química
Fundamental, Facultade de Ciencias e Centro de Investigacións
de Ciencias Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña E-15071, Spain
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32
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Ye L, Cornelis P, Guillemyn K, Ballet S, Christophersen C, Hammerich O. Structure Revision of N-Mercapto-4-formylcarbostyril Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens G308 to 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)thiazole-4-carbaldehyde [aeruginaldehyde]. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An antibiotic substance isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens strain G308 was earlier assigned the structure of N-mercapto-4-formylcarbostyril, but computational predictions of the 1H and 13C NMR magnetic shielding tensors show this structure to be incompatible with the published spectroscopic data. The same is true for six quinoline derivatives related to N-mercapto-4-formylcarbostyril by permutation of the O and S atoms. In contrast, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)thiazole-4-carbaldehyde [aeruginaldehyde], isolated from Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, together with the reduced derivative aeruginol, displays spectroscopic data identical with those of the alleged carbostyril derivative. In addition, the published 1H and 13C NMR data are in agreement with those calculated for aeruginaldehyde. We propose that aeruginaldehyde and aeruginol originate from the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase enzymes involved in the siderophores enantio-pyochelin (or pyochelin) biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumeng Ye
- VIB Structural Biology Brussels and Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Research Group Microbiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cornelis
- VIB Structural Biology Brussels and Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Research Group Microbiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karel Guillemyn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Carsten Christophersen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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33
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Carter KP, Young AM, Palmer AE. Fluorescent sensors for measuring metal ions in living systems. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4564-601. [PMID: 24588137 PMCID: PMC4096685 DOI: 10.1021/cr400546e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1540] [Impact Index Per Article: 154.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle P. Carter
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University
of Colorado, UCB 596,
3415 Colorado AvenueBoulder, Colorado 80303, United
States
| | - Alexandra M. Young
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University
of Colorado, UCB 596,
3415 Colorado AvenueBoulder, Colorado 80303, United
States
| | - Amy E. Palmer
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, BioFrontiers Institute, University
of Colorado, UCB 596,
3415 Colorado AvenueBoulder, Colorado 80303, United
States
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34
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Mislin GLA, Schalk IJ. Siderophore-dependent iron uptake systems as gates for antibiotic Trojan horse strategies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Metallomics 2014; 6:408-20. [PMID: 24481292 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00359k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections. The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa strains is increasing, necessitating the urgent development of new strategies to improve the control of this pathogen. Its bacterial envelope constitutes of an outer and an inner membrane enclosing the periplasm. This structure plays a key role in the resistance of the pathogen, by decreasing the penetration and the biological impact of many antibiotics. However, this barrier may also be seen as the "Achilles heel" of the bacterium as some of its functions provide opportunities for breaching bacterial defenses. Siderophore-dependent iron uptake systems act as gates in the bacterial envelope and could be used in a "Trojan horse" strategy, in which the conjugation of an antibiotic to a siderophore could significantly increase the biological activity of the antibiotic, by enhancing its transport into the bacterium. In this review, we provide an overview of the various siderophore-antibiotic conjugates that have been developed for use against P. aeruginosa and show that an accurate knowledge of the structural and functional features of the proteins involved in this transmembrane transport is required for the design and synthesis of effective siderophore-antibiotic Trojan horse conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan L A Mislin
- UMR 7242, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, ESBS, 300 Boulevard, Sébastien Brant, F-67413 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.
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35
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37
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Zheng T, Bullock JL, Nolan EM. Siderophore-mediated cargo delivery to the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: syntheses of monofunctionalized enterobactin scaffolds and evaluation of enterobactin-cargo conjugate uptake. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18388-400. [PMID: 23098193 DOI: 10.1021/ja3077268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The design and syntheses of monofunctionalized enterobactin (Ent, L- and D-isomers) scaffolds where one catecholate moiety of enterobactin houses an alkene, aldehyde, or carboxylic acid at the C5 position are described. These molecules are key precursors to a family of 10 enterobactin-cargo conjugates presented in this work, which were designed to probe the extent to which the Gram-negative ferric enterobactin uptake and processing machinery recognizes, transports, and utilizes derivatized enterobactin scaffolds. A series of growth recovery assays employing enterobactin-deficient E. coli ATCC 33475 (ent-) revealed that six conjugates based on L-Ent having relatively small cargos promoted E. coli growth under iron-limiting conditions whereas negligible-to-no growth recovery was observed for four conjugates with relatively large cargos. No growth recovery was observed for the enterobactin receptor-deficient strain of E. coli H1187 (fepA-) or the enterobactin esterase-deficient derivative of E. coli K-12 JW0576 (fes-), or when the D-isomer of enterobactin was employed. These results demonstrate that the E. coli ferric enterobactin transport machinery identifies and delivers select cargo-modified scaffolds to the E. coli cytoplasm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 K648 (pvd-, pch-) exhibited greater promiscuity than that of E. coli for the uptake and utilization of the enterobactin-cargo conjugates, and growth promotion was observed for eight conjugates under iron-limiting conditions. Enterobactin may be utilized for delivering molecular cargos via its transport machinery to the cytoplasm of E. coli and P. aeruginosa thereby providing a means to overcome the Gram-negative outer membrane permeability barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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38
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Cohen C, Damiron D, Dkhil SB, Drockenmuller E, Restagno F, Léger L. Synthesis of well-defined poly(dimethylsiloxane) telechelics having nitrobenzoxadiazole fluorescent chain-ends via thiol-ene coupling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Formica M, Fusi V, Giorgi L, Micheloni M. New fluorescent chemosensors for metal ions in solution. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Zheng T, Nolan EM. Siderophore-based detection of Fe(iii) and microbial pathogens. Metallomics 2012; 4:866-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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41
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Noël S, Gasser V, Pesset B, Hoegy F, Rognan D, Schalk IJ, Mislin GLA. Synthesis and biological properties of conjugates between fluoroquinolones and a N3''-functionalized pyochelin. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:8288-300. [PMID: 22052022 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06250f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pyochelin is a siderophore common to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and several other pathogenic bacteria. A pyochelin functionalized at the N3'' position with a propyl-amine extension was previously synthesized. In the present work we proved that this analog binds FptA, the pyochelin outer membrane receptor, and transports iron(III) efficiently into bacteria. This functionalized pyochelin seemed to be a good candidate for antibiotic vectorization in the framework of a Trojan horse prodrug strategy. In this context, conjugates between pyochelin and three fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and N-desmethyl-ofloxacin) were synthesized with a spacer arm that was either stable or hydrolyzable in vivo. Some pyochelin-fluoroquinolone conjugates had antibacterial activities in growth inhibition experiments on several P. aeruginosa strains. However, these activities were weaker than those of the antibiotic alone. These properties appeared to be related to both the solubility and bioavailability of conjugates and to the stability of the spacer arm used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Noël
- Team Transports Membranaires Bactériens, UMR 7242 Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch, France
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