1
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Zhang XX, Wang PK, Zhang SL. Synthesis of ɑ-Aryl-oxindoles via Grignard Reaction with Isatin in the Presence of Diphenyl Phosphite. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400297. [PMID: 38700937 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
A protocol has been developed for the synthesis of α-aryl-oxindoles from isatin and Grignard reagents in the presence of diphenyl phosphite for the first time. This reaction was conveniently carried out under mild conditions in a one-pot fashion with moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin X Zhang
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research Building A, 388 Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Pengkai K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin L Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
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2
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Xie T, Hu G, Zhang S, Xu T, Zeng F. Palladium/Lewis Acid Co-catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation of (2-Aminoaryl)(aryl)methanols: An Access to 3-Aryl-indolin-2-ones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12367-12375. [PMID: 37590397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
A benign approach to valuable 3-aryl-indolin-2-ones was developed based on palladium(II)/Lewis acid-cocatalyzed cyclocarbonylation of readily available (2-aminoaryl)(aryl)methanols. The protocol features producing water as the only byproduct, mild reaction conditions, and good efficiency, constituting an array of 3-arylindolin-2-ones in yields of 35 to 90%. The reaction can be easily scaled up to the gram scale in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, P. R. China
| | - Gendan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, P. R. China
| | - Shengjun Zhang
- State Energy Key Laboratory of Clean Coal Grading Conversion, Modern Chemical Technology Department, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Rank Coal Pyrolysis, Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Company Limited, Xi'an 710100, P. R. China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, P. R. China
| | - Fanlong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, P. R. China
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3
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Mohanta N, Samal PP, Pandey AM, Mondal S, Krishnamurty S, Gnanaprakasam B. Catalyst-Assisted Selective Vinylation and Methylallylation of a Quaternary Carbon Center Using tert-Butyl Acetate. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37437127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The In(OTf)3-catalyzed α-vinylation of various hydroxy-functionalized quaternary carbon centers using in situ generated isobutylene from tert-butyl acetate is presented as a novel synthetic methodology. Moreover, tert-butyl acetate is a nonflammable feed stock and is a readily available source for the in situ production of vinyl substituents, as demonstrated by the vinylation reaction with quaternary hydroxy/methoxy compounds. Moreover, an excellent selectivity for methylallylation over vinylation was obtained with Ni(OTf)2 as a catalyst. In the case of peroxyoxindole, methylallyl-functionalized 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives were formed through the sequential rearrangement of peroxyoxindole followed by the nucleophilic attack by isobutylene. The detailed mechanism for this reaction and rationalization for the selectivity are provided using kinetics and density functional theory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Mohanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Pragnya Paramita Samal
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune, Maharashtra411008, India
| | - Akanksha M Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Shankhajit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune, Maharashtra411008, India
| | - Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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4
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Muthusamy S, Prabu A. BF 3·OEt 2 catalyzed decarbonylative arylation/C-H functionalization of diazoamides with arylaldehydes: synthesis of substituted 3-aryloxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2209-2216. [PMID: 35229865 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00003b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free BF3·OEt2 catalyzed direct decarbonylative arylation of diazoamides with readily accessible aryl aldehydes under an open-air atmosphere was developed to afford 3-aryloxindoles via 1,2-aryl migration with high selectivity. The reaction offers an efficient pathway for 3-arylation of diazoamides under relatively mild conditions, which shows a high level of functional group tolerance of both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups with a broad substrate scope. 3-Aryloxindoles were also obtained by a substituent-controlled chemo- and site-selective C-H bond functionalization of unprotected salicylaldehyde derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ammasi Prabu
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India.
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5
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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. Palladium-Catalysed Intermolecular Direct C–H Bond Arylation of Heteroarenes with Reagents Alternative to Aryl Halides: Current State of the Art. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220201124008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Abstract: This unprecedented review with 322 references provides a critical up-to-date picture of the Pd-catalysed intermolecular direct C–H bond arylation of heteroarenes with arylating reagents alternative to aryl halides that include aryl sulfonates (aryl triflates, tosylates, mesylates, and imidazole-1-sulfonates), diaryliodonium salts, [(diacetoxy)iodo]arenes, arenediazonium salts, 1-aryltriazenes, arylhydrazines and N’-arylhydrazides, arenesulfonyl chlorides, sodium arenesulfinates, arenesulfinic acids, and arenesulfonohydrazides. Particular attention has been paid to summarise the preparation of the various arylating reagents and to highlight the practicality, versatility, and limitations of the various developed arylation protocols, also comparing their results with those achieved in analogous Pd-catalysed arylation reactions involving the use of aryl halides as electrophiles. Mechanistic proposals have also been briefly summarised and discussed. However, data concerning Pd-catalysed direct C–H bond arylations involving the C–H bonds of aryl substituents of the examined heteroarene derivatives have not been taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
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6
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Mintz T, More NY, Gaster E, Pappo D. Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling of Phenols and Tyrosine Derivatives with 3-Alkyloxindoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18164-18178. [PMID: 34881564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel iron-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reaction between phenols and 3-alkyloxindole derivatives is reported. The efficient method, which is based on the FeCl3 catalyst and the t-BuOOt-Bu oxidant in 1,2-dichloroethane at 70 °C, affords 3-alkyl-3-(hydroxyaryl)oxindole compounds with a high degree of selectivity. The generality of the conditions was proven by reacting various substituted phenols, naphthols, and tyrosine derivatives with 3-alkyloxindoles. To apply the chemistry for the conjugation of tyrosine-containing short peptides with oxindolylalanine (Oia) derivatives, the reaction conditions were modified [Fe(O2CCF3)3 catalyst, t-BuOOt-Bu, HFIP, 70 °C], and amino acids with acid-stable N-protecting groups were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Nagnath Yadav More
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Eden Gaster
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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7
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Wang M, Wang W, Li D, Wang WJ, Zhan R, Shao LD. α-C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Cyclic Carbonyl Compounds. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:379-404. [PMID: 34097248 PMCID: PMC8275813 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
α-C(sp3)-H arylation is an important type of C-H functionalization. Various biologically significant natural products, chemical intermediates, and drugs have been effectively prepared via C-H functionalization. Cyclic carbonyl compounds comprise of cyclic ketones, enones, lactones, and lactams. The α-C(sp3)-H arylation of these compounds have been exhibited high efficiency in forming C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds, played a crucial role in organic synthesis, and attracted majority of interests from organic and medicinal communities. This review focused on the most significant advances including methods, mechanism, and applications in total synthesis of natural products in the field of α-C(sp3)-H arylations of cyclic carbonyl compounds in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Dashan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China
| | - Rui Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650050, China.
| | - Li-Dong Shao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650050, China.
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8
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Ostrowska S, Scattolin T, Nolan SP. N-Heterocyclic carbene complexes enabling the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4354-4375. [PMID: 33949497 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The considerable importance of α-arylated carbonyl compounds, which are widely used as final products or as key intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry, has prompted numerous research groups to develop efficient synthetic strategies for their preparation in recent decades. In this context, the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by transition-metal complexes have been particularly helpful in constructing this motif. As illustrated in this contribution, tremendous advances have taken place using palladium- and nickel-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes as pre-catalysts for the arylation of a wide range of ketones, aldehydes, esters and amides with electron-rich, electron-neutral, electron-poor, and sterically hindered aryl halides or pseudo-halides. Despite significant progress, especially in asymmetric α-arylations promoted by chiral NHC ligands, there are numerous challenges which have and continue to encourage further studies on this topic. Some of these are presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ostrowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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9
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Hu Z, Wei XJ, Handelmann J, Seitz AK, Rodstein I, Gessner VH, Gooßen LJ. Coupling of Reformatsky Reagents with Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Ylide-Functionalized Phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6778-6783. [PMID: 33427381 PMCID: PMC7986804 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of aryl chlorides with Reformatsky reagents is a desirable strategy for the construction of α‐aryl esters but has so far been substantially limited in the substrate scope due to many challenges posed by various possible side reactions. This limitation has now been overcome by the tailoring of ylide‐functionalized phosphines to fit the requirements of Negishi couplings. Record‐setting activities were achieved in palladium‐catalyzed arylations of organozinc reagents with aryl electrophiles using a cyclohexyl‐YPhos ligand bearing an ortho‐tolyl‐substituent in the backbone. This highly electron‐rich, bulky ligand enables the use of aryl chlorides in room temperature couplings of Reformatsky reagents. The reaction scope covers diversely functionalized arylacetic and arylpropionic acid derivatives. Aryl bromides and chlorides can be converted selectively over triflate electrophiles, which permits consecutive coupling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Xiao-Jing Wei
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jens Handelmann
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Seitz
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ilja Rodstein
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas J Gooßen
- Evonik Chair of Organic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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10
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Hu Z, Wei X, Handelmann J, Seitz A, Rodstein I, Gessner VH, Gooßen LJ. Kupplung von Reformatsky‐Reagenzien und Arylchloriden ermöglicht durch Ylid‐funktionalisierte Phosphanliganden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Xiao‐Jing Wei
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Jens Handelmann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Ann‐Katrin Seitz
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Ilja Rodstein
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie II Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstaße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Evonik Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Deutschland
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11
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Luo N, Sun ZW, Xu XX, Hu XQ, Jia FC. A transition-metal-free, base-promoted annulation/ring-cleavage/ring-reconstruction cascade reaction: a facile access to N-protection free indole-indenones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01280k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented base-promoted reaction of 2-halogenated arylglyoxals with 2-oxindoles is accomplished under metal-free conditions, furnishing a wide range of biologically important (NH)-indeno[2,1-b]indol-6(5H)-ones in useful to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xing-Xin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng-Cheng Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
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12
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Lou QX, Niu Y, Qi ZC, Yang SD. Ir(III)-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization of Triphenylphosphine Oxide toward 3-Aryl Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14527-14536. [PMID: 32921040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With triphenylphosphine oxide serving as both the directing group and the reagent, we have developed a Cp*Ir(III)-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization of triphenylphosphine oxide with 3-diazooxindoles to afford a range of 3-(2-(diphenylphosphoryl)phenyl)indolin-2-one derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. The title products are potentially important building blocks for organic synthesis through various chemical transformations. This protocol is simple and efficient and offers high atom economy with only N2 as the byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Xin Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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13
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Franceschi P, Mateos J, Vega‐Peñaloza A, Dell'Amico L. Microfluidic Visible‐Light Paternò–Büchi Reaction of Oxindole Enol Ethers. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Franceschi
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Javier Mateos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Alberto Vega‐Peñaloza
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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14
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Rokade BV, Guiry PJ. Synthesis of α-Aryl Oxindoles by Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Arenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6172-6180. [PMID: 32259447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
α-Aryl oxindoles are accessed from isatin via a two-step procedure involving a phospha-Brook rearrangement and a Friedel-Crafts alkylation in a one-pot procedure. The use of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol as solvent significantly extended the reaction substrate scope to include relatively less electron-rich arenes including benzene. This new alkylation method is fast and straightforward and allows for the direct introduction of the oxindole moiety onto a range of aromatic compounds including phenols. Additionally, the application of arylated products was shown in decarboxylative asymmetric allylation and protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji V Rokade
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick J Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB), Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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15
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Chang YH, Peng WL, Chen IC, Hsu HY, Wu YK. Palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of indolin-3-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4660-4663. [PMID: 32211656 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method for the catalytic α-arylation of indolin-3-ones was developed. The catalytic system comprising Pd(dba)2 and PAd3 was found to be optimal for the transformation. The protocol features broad functional group compatibility in that a range of arylated indoxyl derivatives bearing a fully substituted carbon center was synthesized with high efficiency. A preliminary bioassay study revealed that the selected indole-substituted indolin-3-ones exhibit favorable cytotoxic activities against HCT-116 cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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16
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Dong F, Pan WC, Liu JQ, Wang XS. Synthesis of Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2- a]naphthyridine and Benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1- a]isoquinoline Derivatives Catalyzed by CuI/L-Proline. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2018.1450270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Chen Pan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Quan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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17
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Wu H, Qiu C, Zhang Z, Zhang B, Zhang S, Xu Y, Zhou H, Su C, Loh KP. Graphene‐Oxide‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Oxindoles with Arenes and Thiophenols. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Wu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Chuntian Qiu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Zhaofei Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Bing Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
- Department of Chemistry, Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yangsen Xu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and EngineeringJiaxing University 118 Jiahang Road Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale OptoeletronicsShenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 People's Republic of China E-mail addresses
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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18
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Jette CI, Geibel I, Bachman S, Hayashi M, Sakurai S, Shimizu H, Morgan JB, Stoltz BM. Palladium-Catalyzed Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Enantioselective Arylation of γ-Lactams with Aryl Chlorides and Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4297-4301. [PMID: 30677201 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first Pd-catalyzed enantioselective arylation of α-substituted γ-lactams. Two sets of conditions were developed for this transformation, allowing for the use of either aryl chlorides or bromides as electrophiles. Utilizing a highly electron-rich dialkylphosphine ligand we have been able to construct α-quaternary centers in good yields (up to 91 % yield) and high enantioselectivities (up to 97 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina I Jette
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Irina Geibel
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Shoshana Bachman
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Masaki Hayashi
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Shunya Sakurai
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Hideki Shimizu
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Jeremy B Morgan
- Dobo Hall, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, 601 S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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19
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Liang K, Li N, Zhang Y, Li T, Xia C. Transition-metal-free α-arylation of oxindoles via visible-light-promoted electron transfer. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3049-3053. [PMID: 30996886 PMCID: PMC6427940 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An operationally simple photochemical strategy for the direct arylation of oxindoles with (hetero)aryl halides in the absence of both transition metals and photoredox catalysts has been developed. The reaction provides an efficient way to construct various 3-aryloxindole building blocks of pharmaceutical interest at ambient temperature by using household compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs as the light source. Preliminarily, mechanistic studies revealed that the intermolecular electron transfer relied on the formation of photon-absorbing electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes between electron-rich oxindole enolates and electron-deficient (hetero)aryl halides, and a radical chain mechanism was operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province) , School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , 2 North Cuihu Road , Kunming 650091 , China .
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province) , School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , 2 North Cuihu Road , Kunming 650091 , China .
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province) , School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , 2 North Cuihu Road , Kunming 650091 , China .
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province) , School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , 2 North Cuihu Road , Kunming 650091 , China .
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province) , School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , 2 North Cuihu Road , Kunming 650091 , China .
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20
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Jette CI, Geibel I, Bachman S, Hayashi M, Sakurai S, Shimizu H, Morgan JB, Stoltz BM. Palladium‐Catalyzed Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters by Enantioselective Arylation of γ‐Lactams with Aryl Chlorides and Bromides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina I. Jette
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Irina Geibel
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Shoshana Bachman
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Masaki Hayashi
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Shunya Sakurai
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Hideki Shimizu
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Jeremy B. Morgan
- Dobo Hall Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of North Carolina 601 S. College Rd. Wilmington NC 28403 USA
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Warren And Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 101-20 Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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21
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Reddy Panyam PK, Ugale B, Gandhi T. Palladium(II)/N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed One-Pot Sequential α-Arylation/Alkylation: Access to 3,3-Disubstituted Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7622-7632. [PMID: 29882669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rationally designed fluorene-based mono- and bimetallic Pd-PEPPSI complexes were synthesized and demonstrated to be effective for the one-pot sequential α-arylation/alkylation of oxindoles. This streamlined approach offers efficient access to functionalized 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles in excellent yields (up to 89%) under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharat Ugale
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , Rupnagar , Punjab 140001 , India
| | - Thirumanavelan Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences , VIT University , Vellore 632014 , India
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22
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Biosca M, Jackson M, Magre M, Pàmies O, Norrby PO, Diéguez M, Guiry PJ. Enantioselective Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Tertiary α-Aryl Oxindoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Protonation. An Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Investigation. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Biosca
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Mark Jackson
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Marc Magre
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Oscar Pàmies
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Early Product Development; Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1; SE-431 83 Mölndal Sweden
| | - Montserrat Diéguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; C/Marcel.lí Domingo, 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry; University College Dublin; Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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23
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Yang Y, Li Y, Cheng C, Yang G, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li C, Tang L. Synthesis of 4-Aryl Isoquinolinedione Derivatives by a Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Aryl Halides with Isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3348-3353. [PMID: 29400968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones for the synthesis of 4-aryl isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones was developed. The reaction conditions exhibit remarkable compatibility with various aryl halides and isoquinoline-1,3(2 H,4 H)-diones, and the product could be conveniently transformed to 4-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines. (±) Dichlorofensine was synthesized using this protocol in two steps with an overall yield of 71%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyong Yang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yingxian Li
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Guo Yang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Yonglong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Pharmacy , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550004 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants , Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang 550014 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , China
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24
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Song G, Li Z. Highly selective controllable Michael additions of indolin-2-one with 2,4-dien-1-ones. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Zhu WM, Bao WH, Ying WW, Chen WT, Huang YL, Ge GP, Chen GP, Wei WT. TEMPO-Promoted C(sp3
)−H Hydroxylation of 2-Oxindoles at Room Temperature. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Wen-Hui Bao
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Wei-Wei Ying
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Yi-Ling Huang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Guo-Ping Ge
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Gan-Ping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering; Ningbo University; Ningbo 315211 China
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26
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Cyclization and oxidation of o -bromophenylacetamides for the synthesis of oxindoles and isoindigoes. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Zhao YL, Tang YQ, Fei XH, Xiao T, Lu YD, Fu XZ, He B, Zhou M, Li C, Xu PF, Yang YY. Palladium-catalyzed direct C(sp3)–H arylation of indole-3-ones with aryl halides: a novel and efficient method for the synthesis of nucleophilic 2-monoarylated indole-3-ones. RSC Adv 2018; 8:25292-25297. [PMID: 35539771 PMCID: PMC9082533 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04807j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of nucleophilic 2-monoarylated indole-3-ones via palladium-catalyzed direct C(sp3)–H arylation of indole-3-ones with aryl halides has been developed.
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28
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Duan J, Kwong FY. A Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Oxindoles with Aryl Tosylates. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6468-6473. [PMID: 28539045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed monoselective C3 arylation of 2-oxindoles with aryl tosylates is described. With the Pd/CM-phos catalyst system, the corresponding 3-arylated oxindoles can be obtained in good to excellent yields (≤97%). The reaction conditions are mild (using 0.5 mol % Pd in general and KF as a base), and functional groups such as methyl ester, NH amido, and enolizable keto moieties are found to be compatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Duan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and SKL of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fuk Yee Kwong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and SKL of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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29
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Roh HJ, Seo DY, Ryu JY, Lee J, Kim JN. One-Pot Synthesis of 3-(Benzo[e
]indol-2-yl)-2-oxindoles from Isatin-derived Propargylic Alcohols and N
-Acetyl-2-aminonaphthalenes. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Roh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Da Young Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
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30
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Sattar M, Rathore V, Prasad CD, Kumar S. Transition-metal-free Chemoselective Oxidative C-C Coupling of the sp 3 C-H Bond of Oxindoles with Arenes and Addition to Alkene: Synthesis of 3-Aryl Oxindoles, and Benzofuro- and Indoloindoles. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:734-743. [PMID: 28169505 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A transition-metal (TM)-free and halogen-free NaOtBu-mediated oxidative cross-coupling between the sp3 C-H bond of oxindoles and sp2 C-H bond of nitroarenes has been developed to access 3-aryl substituted and 3,3-aryldisubstituted oxindoles in DMSO at room temperature in a short time. Interestingly, the sp3 C-H bond of oxindoles could also react with styrene under TM-free conditions for the practical synthesis of quaternary 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles. The synthesized 3-oxindoles have also been further transformed into advanced heterocycles, that is, benzofuroindoles, indoloindoles, and substituted indoles. Mechanistic experiments of the reaction suggests the formation of an anion intermediate from the sp3 C-H bond of oxindole by tert-butoxide base in DMSO. The addition of nitrobenzene to the in-situ generated carbanion leads to the 3-(nitrophenyl)oxindolyl carbanion in DMSO which is subsequently oxidized to 3-(nitro-aryl) oxindole by DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moh Sattar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Vandana Rathore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Ch Durga Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sangit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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31
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Vignesh A, Kaminsky W, Dharmaraj N. Arylation ofN-Methyl-2-oxindole with Arylboronic Acids in Water Catalyzed by Palladium(II) Pincer Complexes with a Low Catalyst Loading. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Vignesh
- Inorganic&Nanomaterials Research Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore 641 046 India
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry; University of Washington; Seattle Washington 98195 USA
| | - Nallasamy Dharmaraj
- Inorganic&Nanomaterials Research Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Bharathiar University; Coimbatore 641 046 India
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32
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One-pot synthesis of 3-naphtho[2,1-b]furanyl-2-oxindoles from 3-(arylethynyl)-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones and 2-naphthols. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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33
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Jiménez J, Kim BS, Walsh PJ. Tandem C(sp 3)-H Arylation/Oxidation and Arylation/Allylic Substitution of Isoindolinones. Adv Synth Catal 2016; 358:2829-2837. [PMID: 28652858 PMCID: PMC5482541 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Isoindolinones comprise an important class of medicinally active compounds. Herein we report a straightforward functionalization of the isoindolinones with aryl bromides (22 examples) using a Pd(OAc)2/NIXANTPHOS-based catalyst system. Additionally 3-aryl 3-hydroxy isoindolinone derivatives, which exhibit anti-tumor activity, can be accessed via a tandem reaction. Thus, when the arylation product is exposed to air under basic conditions, in situ oxidation takes place to install the 3-hydroxyl group. Furthermore, a tandem arylation/allylic substitution reaction is advanced in which both the arylation and allylic substitution are catalyzed by the same palladium catalyst. Finally, a tandem arylation/alkylation procedure is presented. These tandem reactions enable the synthesis of a variety of structurally diverse isoindolinone derivatives from common starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Jiménez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S, 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323 (USA)
| | - Byeong-Seon Kim
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S, 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323 (USA)
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S, 34 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323 (USA)
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34
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Lim JW, Kim KH, Moon HR, Kim JN. Transition metal and base-free synthesis of 3,3-diaryl-2-oxindoles from 2,2,N-triarylacetamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Moghaddam FM, Tavakoli G, Latifi F, Saeednia B. α-Arylation of oxindoles using recyclable metal oxide ferrite nanoparticles: Comparison between the catalytic activities of nickel, cobalt and copper ferrite nanoparticles. CATAL COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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36
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Somai Magar KB, Edison TNJI, Lee YR. Regioselective synthesis of 3-anthracenyloxindoles and 3-carbazolyloxindoles by indium(iii)-catalyzed direct arylation and their fluorescent chemosensor properties. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7313-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01315e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for diverse 3-anthracenyloxindoles and 3-carbazolyloxindoles has been developed by In(OTf)3-catalyzed direct arylation of 3-diazooxindoles with anthracenes or carbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- 38541 Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
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37
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Wu HR, Huang HY, Ren CL, Liu L, Wang D, Li CJ. FeIII-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Arylation (CDA) between Oxindoles and Arenes under an Air Atmosphere. Chemistry 2015; 21:16744-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Mao J, Eberle K, Zhang J, Rodriguez C, Xi Z, Pericàs MA, Walsh PJ. Synthesis of triarylmethanols via tandem arylation/oxidation of diarylmethanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:3604-3607. [PMID: 26034337 PMCID: PMC4448728 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A tandem arylation/oxidation of diarylmethanes for the convenient synthesis of unsymmetrical triarylmethanols bearing different aryl and heteroaryl groups is described. A Pd(OAc)2-NiXantphos catalyst system efficiently catalyzed arylation of weakly acidic sp3-hybridized C-H bonds of diarylmethanes with aryl bromides, and the arylation products were then oxidized in situ to carbinols by simply opening the reaction flasks to air. The triarylmethanol products were obtained in 35-98% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Mao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104–6323, United States
| | - Kelly Eberle
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104–6323, United States
| | - Jiadi Zhang
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104–6323, United States
| | - Carles Rodriguez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104–6323, United States
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40
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Koch E, Takise R, Studer A, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Ni-Catalyzed α-arylation of esters and amides with phenol derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 51:855-7. [PMID: 25429373 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08426h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed α-arylation of esters and amides with phenol derivatives has been accomplished. In the presence of our unique nickel catalyst, prepared in situ from Ni(cod)2, 3,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)thiophene (dcypt), and K3PO4, various esters and amides undergo α-arylation with O-arylpivalates or O-arylcarbamates to afford the corresponding coupling products. The thus obtained α-aryl esters and amides are useful precursors of privileged motifs such as α-arylcarboxylic acids and β-arylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Koch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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41
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Zhai C, Xing D, Jing C, Zhou J, Wang C, Wang D, Hu W. Facile Synthesis of 3-Aryloxindoles via Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Electron-Rich Arenes with 3-Diazooxindoles. Org Lett 2014; 16:2934-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5010752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Zhai
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Changcheng Jing
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chengjin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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42
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Peng B, Geerdink D, Farès C, Maulide N. Chemoselektive intermolekulare α-Arylierung von Amiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Peng B, Geerdink D, Farès C, Maulide N. Chemoselective intermolecular α-arylation of amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5462-6. [PMID: 24740762 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for the fully chemoselective α-arylation of amides is presented. By means of electrophilic amide activation, aryl groups can be regioselectively introduced α- to amides, even in the presence of esters and alkyl ketones. Mechanistic studies reveal key reaction intermediates and emphasize a remarkably subtle base effect in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany)
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44
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Zheng B, Jia T, Walsh PJ. A General and Practical Palladium-Catalyzed Direct α-Arylation of Amides with Aryl Halides. Adv Synth Catal 2014; 356:165-178. [PMID: 24765060 PMCID: PMC3994175 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An efficient system for the direct catalytic intermolecular α-arylation of acetamide derivatives with aryl bromides and chlorides is presented. The palladium catalyst is supported by Kwong's indole-based phosphine ligand and provides monoarylated amides in up to 95% yield. Excellent chemoselectivities (>10:1) in the mono- and diarylation with aryl bromides were achieved by careful selection of bases, solvents, and stoichiometry. Under the coupling conditions, the weakly acidic α-protons of amides (pKa up to 35) were reversibly depotonated by LiO t Bu, NaO t Bu, or NaN(SiMe3)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Tiezheng Jia
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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45
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Repka LM, Reisman SE. Recent developments in the catalytic, asymmetric construction of pyrroloindolines bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12314-20. [PMID: 24295135 PMCID: PMC3905788 DOI: 10.1021/jo4017953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrroloindoline alkaloids constitute a large family of natural products that has inspired the development of an impressive array of new reactions to prepare the key heterocyclic motif. This synopsis will address catalytic, asymmetric reactions developed to synthesize pyrroloindolines bearing C3a all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. The methods described herein include both transition-metal-catalyzed and organocatalyzed reactions that have been demonstrated to be suitable for the synthesis of the pyrroloindoline framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Repka
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Sarah E. Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
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46
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Yu H, Liu X, Ding L, Yang Q, Rong B, Gao A, Zhao B, Yang H. Pd-catalyzed α-arylation of thioamides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Buccini M, Jeow SY, Byrne L, Skelton BW, Nguyen TM, Chai CLL, Piggott MJ. Bisannulation of 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone witho-Nitrophenylacetic Acid Derivatives: A Succinct Synthesis of the ABCD Ring System of Alpkinidine. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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48
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Mandel J, Pan X, Hay EB, Geib SJ, Wilcox CS, Curran DP. Rotational isomers of N-methyl-N-arylacetamides and their derived enolates: implications for asymmetric Hartwig oxindole cyclizations. J Org Chem 2013; 78:4083-9. [PMID: 23534372 DOI: 10.1021/jo400385t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rotational preferences of N-(2-bromo-4,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-methyl 2-phenylpropanamide were studied as a model of precursors for Hartwig asymmetric oxindole cyclizations. The atropisomers of this compound were separated by flash chromatography, and then the enantiomers were resolved and the interconversions of the stereocenter and the N-Ar axis were studied. Under thermal conditions, the axis is very stable. Under the basic conditions of the Hartwig cyclization, both the stereocenter and the chiral axis equilibrate via enolate formation. The N-Ar rotation barrier of a 2-phenylacetamide analogue was reduced from 31 kcal mol(-1) in the precursor to 17 kcal mol(-1) in the enolate. Reasons for this dramatic barrier reduction and implications of both N-Ar and amide C-N rotations for Hartwig cyclizations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Mandel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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49
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Xiao ZK, Yin HY, Shao LX. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Palladium(II)-1-Methylimidazole Complex Catalyzed α-Arylation of Oxindoles with Aryl Chlorides and Aerobic Oxidation of the Products in a One-Pot Procedure. Org Lett 2013; 15:1254-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Kang Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ying Yin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Snell RH, Durbin MJ, Woodward RL, Willis MC. Catalytic Enantioselective Desymmetrisation as a Tool for the Synthesis of Hodgkinsine and Hodgkinsine B. Chemistry 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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