1
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Neshat A, Mahdavi A, Yousefshahi MR, Cheraghi M, Eigner V, Kucerakova M, Dusek M, Rezaie F, Kaboudin B. Heteroleptic Silver(I) and Gold(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Structural Characterization, Computational Analysis, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Biological Effects. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16710-16724. [PMID: 37788161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Derivatization of (NHC)M-Cl (M = Ag, Au) with selected sulfur donors from the family of dialkyldithiophosphates and bis(2-mercapto-1-methylimidazolyl)borate ligands gave a series of heteroleptic mononuclear complexes. In single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, Ag(I) complexes adopted a trigonal planar geometry, while Au(I) complexes are near-linear. TD-DFT and hole-electron analyses of the selected complexes gave insight into the electronic features of the metal complexes. In vitro cellular tests were conducted on the human cancerous breast cell line MCF-7 using 2 and 8. The antibacterial activities of complexes 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and IPr-Ag-Cl were also screened against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1112) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli PTCC 1330) bacteria. Antityrosinase and hemolytic effects of the selected compounds were also determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Neshat
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Mahdavi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Yousefshahi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Mahdi Cheraghi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Vaclav Eigner
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague 8 18221, The Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kucerakova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague 8 18221, The Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dusek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague 8 18221, The Czech Republic
| | - Forough Rezaie
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahwaz 6135783151, Iran
| | - Babak Kaboudin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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2
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Liu SC, Zhu XR, Liu DY, Fang DC. DFT calculations in solution systems: solvation energy, dispersion energy and entropy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:913-931. [PMID: 36519338 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04720a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations of reaction mechanisms in solution have always been a hot topic, especially for transition-metal-catalyzed reactions. The calculation of solvation energy is performed using either the polarizable continuum model (PCM) or the universal solvation model SMD. The PCM calculation is very sensitive to the choice of atomic radii to form a cavity, where the self-consistent isodensity PCM (SCI-PCM) has been recognized as the best choice and our IDSCRF radii can provide a similar cavity. Moving from a gas-phase case to a solution case, dispersion energy and entropy should be carefully treated. The solvent-solute dispersion is also important in solution systems, and it should be calculated together with the solute dispersion. Only half of the solvent-solute dispersion energy from the PCM calculation belongs to the solute molecules to maintain a thermal equilibrium between a solute molecule and its cavity, similar to the treatment of electrostatic energy. Relative solute dispersion energy should also be shared equally with the newly formed cavity. The entropy change from a gas phase to a liquid phase is quite large, but the modern quantum chemistry programs can only calculate the gas-phase translational entropy based on the idea-gas equation. In this review, we will provide an operable method to calculate the solution translational entropy, which has been coded in our THERMO program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Cong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xin-Rui Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dan-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - De-Cai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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3
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Nicholls TP, Williams JR, Willans CE. Reactivities of N-heterocyclic carbenes at metal centers. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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4
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Chernyshev VM, Denisova EA, Eremin DB, Ananikov VP. The key role of R-NHC coupling (R = C, H, heteroatom) and M-NHC bond cleavage in the evolution of M/NHC complexes and formation of catalytically active species. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6957-6977. [PMID: 33133486 PMCID: PMC7553045 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02629h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complexes of metals with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (M/NHC) are typically considered the systems of choice in homogeneous catalysis due to their stable metal-ligand framework. However, it becomes obvious that even metal species with a strong M-NHC bond can undergo evolution in catalytic systems, and processes of M-NHC bond cleavage are common for different metals and NHC ligands. This review is focused on the main types of the M-NHC bond cleavage reactions and their impact on activity and stability of M/NHC catalytic systems. For the first time, we consider these processes in terms of NHC-connected and NHC-disconnected active species derived from M/NHC precatalysts and classify them as fundamentally different types of catalysts. Problems of rational catalyst design and sustainability issues are discussed in the context of the two different types of M/NHC catalysis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Chernyshev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) , Prosveschenya 132 , Novocherkassk , 346428 , Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Denisova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry B Eremin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
- The Bridge@USC , University of Southern California , 1002 Childs Way , Los Angeles , California 90089-3502 , USA
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) , Prosveschenya 132 , Novocherkassk , 346428 , Russia
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
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5
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Sharninghausen LS, Brooks AF, Winton WP, Makaravage KJ, Scott PJH, Sanford MS. NHC-Copper Mediated Ligand-Directed Radiofluorination of Aryl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7362-7367. [PMID: 32250612 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
[18F]-labeled aryl fluorides are widely used as radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Aryl halides (ArX) are particularly attractive precursors to these radiotracers, as they are readily available, inexpensive, and stable. However, to date, the direct preparation of [18F]-aryl fluorides from aryl halides remains limited to SNAr reactions between highly activated ArX substrates and K18F. This report describes an aryl halide radiofluorination reaction in which the C(sp2)-18F bond is formed via a copper-mediated pathway. Copper N-heterocyclic carbene complexes serve as mediators for this transformation, using aryl halide substrates with directing groups at the ortho position. This reaction is applied to the radiofluorination of electronically diverse aryl halide derivatives, including the bioactive molecules vismodegib and PH089.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam S Sharninghausen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Allen F Brooks
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Wade P Winton
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Katarina J Makaravage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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6
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Dong Z, Pezzato C, Sienkiewicz A, Scopelliti R, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. SET processes in Lewis acid-base reactions: the tritylation of N-heterocyclic carbenes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7615-7618. [PMID: 34094138 PMCID: PMC8159480 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactions between N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and the trityl cation, [Ph3C]+, give covalent adducts of type [NHC-CPh3]+ and/or [NHC-C6H5-CPh2]+. EPR spectroscopy, UV-Vis analyses, and trapping experiments imply that adduct formation involves carbene radical cations and the trityl radical. The results demonstrate that single electron transfer (SET) processes should be considered for reaction of NHCs with oxidizing Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Dong
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cristian Pezzato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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7
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Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching bei München Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic Spectroscopy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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8
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Liu Y, Resch SG, Klawitter I, Cutsail GE, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Kühn FE, DeBeer S, Meyer F. An Adaptable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5696-5705. [PMID: 31769151 PMCID: PMC7154638 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A neutral hybrid macrocycle with two trans-positioned N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and two pyridine donors hosts copper in three oxidation states (+I-+III) in a series of structurally characterized complexes (1-3). Redox interconversion of [LCu]+/2+/3+ is electrochemically (quasi)reversible and occurs at moderate potentials (E1/2 =-0.45 V and +0.82 V (vs. Fc/Fc+ )). A linear CNHC -Cu-CNHC arrangement and hemilability of the two pyridine donors allows the ligand to adapt to the different stereoelectronic and coordination requirements of CuI versus CuII /CuIII . Analytical methods such as NMR, UV/Vis, IR, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Cu Kβ high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption spectroscopies, as well as DFT calculations, give insight into the geometric and electronic structures of the complexes. The XAS signatures of 1-3 are textbook examples for CuI , CuII , and CuIII species. Facile 2-electron interconversion combined with the exposure of two basic pyridine N sites in the reduced CuI form suggest that [LCu]+/2+/3+ may operate in catalysis via coupled 2 e- /2 H+ transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Stefan G. Resch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Iris Klawitter
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - George E. Cutsail
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Fritz E. Kühn
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstrasse 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstrasse 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
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9
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Ségaud N, McMaster J, van Koten G, Albrecht M. Imidazolylidene Cu(II) Complexes: Synthesis Using Imidazolium Carboxylate Precursors and Structure Rearrangement Pathways. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16047-16058. [PMID: 31714752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes of type (NHC)CuX2 (X = OAc, Cl, Br, BF4, and NO3) bearing monodentate N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were prepared by in situ decarboxylation of imidazolium carboxylates as a new synthetic methodology for Cu(II)-NHC complexes. In contrast to the classical deprotonation method, the decarboxylation protocol does not require anaerobic conditions and provides access to complexes with NHCs that are unstable as free carbenes such as N,N'-diisopropyl-imidazolylidene and N,N'-dimethyl-imidazolylidene. Spectroscopic evidence of the formation of the Cu-CNHC bond is provided by UV-vis and EPR, in particular by the 44 MHz carbene hyperfine coupling constant using a 13C-labeled imidazolylidene ligand. A variation of the nature of the carbene N-substituents and the anions bound to the Cu(II) center is possible with this methodology. These variations strongly influence the stability of the complexes. Structural rearrangement and ligand reorganization was observed during recrystallization, which are comprised of heterolytic Cu-CNHC bond dissociation for unstable NHC ligands as well as homolytic Cu-X bond cleavage and disproportionation reactions depending on the nature of the anion X in the copper complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Ségaud
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham, University Park , Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Gerard van Koten
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Science , Utrecht University , 3584CG Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
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Doddi A, Peters M, Tamm M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Adducts of Main Group Elements and Their Use as Ligands in Transition Metal Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6994-7112. [PMID: 30983327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are nowadays ubiquitous and indispensable in many research fields, and it is not possible to imagine modern transition metal and main group element chemistry without the plethora of available NHCs with tailor-made electronic and steric properties. While their suitability to act as strong ligands toward transition metals has led to numerous applications of NHC complexes in homogeneous catalysis, their strong σ-donating and adaptable π-accepting abilities have also contributed to an impressive vitalization of main group chemistry with the isolation and characterization of NHC adducts of almost any element. Formally, NHC coordination to Lewis acids affords a transfer of nucleophilicity from the carbene carbon atom to the attached exocyclic moiety, and low-valent and low-coordinate adducts of the p-block elements with available lone pairs and/or polarized carbon-element π-bonds are able to act themselves as Lewis basic donor ligands toward transition metals. Accordingly, the availability of a large number of novel NHC adducts has not only produced new varieties of already existing ligand classes but has also allowed establishment of numerous complexes with unusual and often unprecedented element-metal bonds. This review aims at summarizing this development comprehensively and covers the usage of N-heterocyclic carbene adducts of the p-block elements as ligands in transition metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinarayana Doddi
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marius Peters
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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11
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Cheng J, Wang L, Wang P, Deng L. High-Oxidation-State 3d Metal (Ti-Cu) Complexes with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligation. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9930-9987. [PMID: 30011189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
High-oxidation-state 3d metal species have found a wide range of applications in modern synthetic chemistry and materials science. They are also implicated as key reactive species in biological reactions. These applications have thus prompted explorations of their formation, structure, and properties. While the traditional wisdom regarding these species was gained mainly from complexes supported by nitrogen- and oxygen-donor ligands, recent studies with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which are widely used for the preparation of low-oxidation-state transition metal complexes in organometallic chemistry, have led to the preparation of a large variety of isolable high-oxidation-state 3d metal complexes with NHC ligation. Since the first report in this area in the 1990s, isolable complexes of this type have been reported for titanium(IV), vanadium(IV,V), chromium(IV,V), manganese(IV,V), iron(III,IV,V), cobalt(III,IV,V), nickel(IV), and copper(II). With the aim of providing an overview of this intriguing field, this Review summarizes our current understanding of the synthetic methods, structure and spectroscopic features, reactivity, and catalytic applications of high-oxidation-state 3d metal NHC complexes of titanium to copper. In addition to this progress, factors affecting the stability and reactivity of high-oxidation-state 3d metal NHC species are also presented, as well as perspectives on future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , People's Republic of China
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12
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Nguyen AT, Nguyen DP, Phan NT, Lam DT, Phan NT, Truong T. A copper-mediated reverse aromatic Finkelstein reaction in ionic liquid. J Adv Res 2018; 10:9-13. [PMID: 30046471 PMCID: PMC6057234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a general method for reverse aromatic Finkelstein reactions. Good reaction yields were obtained when aryl iodides or aryl bromides were treated with copper halide salts as promoters in a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br) ionic liquid (IL) solvent at 140 °C for 8 h. Preliminary investigation supported that the copper salts were also the halide sources in halogen exchange reactions. The optimized conditions are applicable to a variety of substrates and have excellent functional group tolerance. Additionally, the [BMIM]Br solvent showed good stability for at least 10 consecutive runs. Results indicated that the [BMIM]Br solvent was recyclable for reverse aromatic Finkelstein reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T.H. Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tan Phu Disctrict, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Dat P. Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ngan T.K. Phan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Dung T.T. Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nam T.S. Phan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Corresponding author.
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Schulz N, Sokkar P, Engelage E, Schindler S, Erdelyi M, Sanchez-Garcia E, Huber SM. The Interaction Modes of Haloimidazolium Salts in Solution. Chemistry 2017; 24:3464-3473. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schulz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr-University-Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Pandian Sokkar
- Department of Biology; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 2 45141 Essen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr-University-Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Severin Schindler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr-University-Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and the Swedish NMR Centre; University of Gothenburg; Kemivägen 10 412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Biology; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 2 45141 Essen Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruhr-University-Bochum; Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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Vitkovskaya NM, Kobychev VB, Bobkov AS, Orel VB, Schmidt EY, Trofimov BA. Nucleophilic Addition of Ketones To Acetylenes and Allenes: A Quantum-Chemical Insight. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12467-12476. [PMID: 29058894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A CBS-Q//B3 based study has been carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the KOH/DMSO superbase catalyzed ketones nucleophilic addition to alkyl propargyl and alkyl allenyl ethers yielding, along with (Z)-monoadducts, up to 26% of unexpected (E)-diadducts. The impact of different substrates (alkynes versus allenes) on the reaction mechanism has been discussed in detail. Along with the model reaction of acetone addition to propyne and allene, the addition of acetone and acetophenone to methyl propargyl and methyl allenyl ethers is considered. The limiting reaction stage of the starting ketone carbanion addition to propargyl and allenyl systems occurs with activation energies typical for vinylation of ketones. In contrast, the addition of intermediate α-carbanions to the terminal position of methyl allenyl ether is associated with unusually low activation barriers. The results obtained explain the composition of the reaction products and indicate the participation of mainly the allene form in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda M Vitkovskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , 1 K. Marks St., 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir B Kobychev
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , 1 K. Marks St., 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Bobkov
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , 1 K. Marks St., 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir B Orel
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , 1 K. Marks St., 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yu Schmidt
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 1 Favorsky St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Boris A Trofimov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 1 Favorsky St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
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15
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Younesi Y, Nasiri B, BabaAhmadi R, Willans CE, Fairlamb IJS, Ariafard A. Theoretical rationalisation for the mechanism of N-heterocyclic carbene-halide reductive elimination at CuIII, AgIII and AuIII. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5057-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01299j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A dichotomy in carbon versus bromide reductive elimination in CuIII–NHC complexes is rationalized by computational methods (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Younesi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Central Tehran Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
| | - Bahare Nasiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Central Tehran Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
| | - Rasool BabaAhmadi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club
- Central Tehran Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | | | - Alireza Ariafard
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Central Tehran Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
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16
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Winston M, Wolf WJ, Toste FD. Halide-Dependent Mechanisms of Reductive Elimination from Gold(III). J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7921-8. [PMID: 26065722 PMCID: PMC4482415 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two unique organometallic halide series (Ph3P)Au(4-Me-C6H4)(CF3)(X) and (Cy3P)Au(4-F-C6H4)(CF3)(X) (X = I, Br, Cl, F) have been synthesized. The PPh3-supported complexes can undergo both C(aryl)-X and C(aryl)-CF3 reductive elimination. Mechanistic studies of thermolysis at 122 °C reveal a dramatic reactivity and kinetic selectivity dependence on halide ligand. For X = I or F, zero-order kinetic behavior is observed, while for X = Cl or Br, kinetic studies implicate product catalysis. The selectivity for C(aryl)-CF3 bond formation increases in the order X = I < Br < Cl < F, with exclusively C(aryl)-I bond formation when X = I, and exclusively C(aryl)-CF3 bond formation when X = F. Thermodynamic measurements show that Au(III)-X bond dissociation energies increase in the order X = I < Br < Cl, and that ground state Au(III)-X bond strength ultimately dictates selectivities for C(aryl)-X and C(aryl)-CF3 reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
S. Winston
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - William J. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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17
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Plata RE, Singleton DA. A case study of the mechanism of alcohol-mediated Morita Baylis-Hillman reactions. The importance of experimental observations. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3811-26. [PMID: 25714789 PMCID: PMC4379969 DOI: 10.1021/ja5111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the Morita Baylis-Hillman reaction has been heavily studied in the literature, and a long series of computational studies have defined complete theoretical energy profiles in these reactions. We employ here a combination of mechanistic probes, including the observation of intermediates, the independent generation and partitioning of intermediates, thermodynamic and kinetic measurements on the main reaction and side reactions, isotopic incorporation from solvent, and kinetic isotope effects, to define the mechanism and an experimental mechanistic free-energy profile for a prototypical Morita Baylis-Hillman reaction in methanol. The results are then used to critically evaluate the ability of computations to predict the mechanism. The most notable prediction of the many computational studies, that of a proton-shuttle pathway, is refuted in favor of a simple but computationally intractable acid-base mechanism. Computational predictions vary vastly, and it is not clear that any significant accurate information that was not already apparent from experiment could have been garnered from computations. With care, entropy calculations are only a minor contributor to the larger computational error, while literature entropy-correction processes lead to absurd free-energy predictions. The computations aid in interpreting observations but fail utterly as a replacement for experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Erik Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Daniel A. Singleton
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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18
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Palacios L, Di Giuseppe A, Castarlenas R, Lahoz FJ, Pérez-Torrente JJ, Oro LA. Pyridine versus acetonitrile coordination in rhodium–N-heterocyclic carbene square-planar complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5777-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00182j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies on the factors that control the coordination chemistry of N-donor ligands in square-planar complexes of the type RhCl(NHC)L1L2 (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palacios
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Andrea Di Giuseppe
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Ricardo Castarlenas
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Fernando J. Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Luis A. Oro
- Departamento de Química Inórganica - Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- Zaragoza
- Spain
- Center for Refining & Petrochemicals
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19
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Prema D, Mathota Arachchige YLN, Murray RE, Slaughter LM. “Decarbonization” of an imino-N-heterocyclic carbene ligand via triple benzyl migration from hafnium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6753-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01560j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding of an imino-N-heterocyclic carbene to tetrabenzylhafnium triggers complete removal of the carbene carbon via three successive benzyl migrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Prema
- Department of Chemistry
- Oklahoma State University Stillwater
- Oklahoma
- USA
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20
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Petronilho A, Mueller-Bunz H, Albrecht M. Iridium, ruthenium, and palladium complexes containing a mesoionic fused imidazolylidene ligand. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Lake BRM, Ariafard A, Willans CE. Mechanistic Insights into the Oxidative Coupling of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes within the Coordination Sphere of Copper Complexes. Chemistry 2014; 20:12729-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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23
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Ghidiu MJ, Pistner AJ, Yap GPA, Lutterman DA, Rosenthal J. Thermal versus Photochemical Reductive Elimination of Aryl Chlorides from NHC–Gold Complexes. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400701f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Ghidiu
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Allen J. Pistner
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Glenn P. A. Yap
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Daniel A. Lutterman
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Joel Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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24
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Lohre C, Nimphius C, Steinmetz M, Würtz S, Fröhlich R, Daniliuc CG, Grimme S, Glorius F. Investigation of the complexation behaviour and catalysis of IBiox-[(−)-menthyl]·HOTf. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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26
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Tardiff BJ, Hesp KD, Ferguson MJ, Stradiotto M. Generation of [(IPr)Pd(PR2Cl)] complexes via P-Cl reductive elimination. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7883-5. [PMID: 22180867 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11910a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of [(IPr)Pd(Cl)(2)(PR(2)H)] (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; R = Cy, tBu, or 1-Ad) with NaN(SiMe(3))(2) generated isolable [(IPr)Pd(PR(2)Cl)] complexes (68-75%) that have been crystallographically characterized. The formation of these mixed-ligand Pd(0) species in this manner corresponds to an unusual net dehydrohalogenation/P-Cl reductive elimination sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennett J Tardiff
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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27
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Song G, Wang F, Li X. C-C, C-O and C-N bond formation via rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative C-H activation. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:3651-78. [PMID: 22377832 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2016] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct functionalization of C-H bonds under oxidative conditions leading to C-C, C-N, and C-O bond formation is reviewed. Various arene substrates bearing nitrogen and oxygen directing groups are covered in their coupling with unsaturated partners such as alkenes and alkynes. The facile construction of C-E (E = C, N, S, or O) bonds makes Rh(III) catalysis an attractive step-economic approach to value-added molecules from readily available starting materials. Comparisons and contrasts between rhodium(III) and palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidative coupling are made. The remarkable diversity of structures accessible is demonstrated with various recent examples, with a proposed mechanism for each transformation being briefly summarized (critical review, 138 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Song
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, PR China
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28
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Petronilho A, Müller-Bunz H, Albrecht M. Mesoionic oxides: facile access from triazolium salts or triazolylidene copper precursors, and catalytic relevance. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:6499-501. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32843g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Arnold PL, Turner ZR, Bellabarba R, Tooze RP. Carbon–Silicon and Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation by Elimination Reactions at Metal N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11744-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ja204209t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Polly L. Arnold
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Zoë R. Turner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ronan Bellabarba
- Sasol Technology UK, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SR, United Kingdom
| | - Robert P. Tooze
- Sasol Technology UK, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SR, United Kingdom
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30
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Deng ZP, Li MS, Zhu ZB, Huo LH, Zhao H, Gao S. Rare Organosilver(I) Coordination Polymers Constructed from Hydroxyl-Substituted Benzenesulfonic Acids: Syntheses, Structures and Characterizations. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200009f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Biao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Huo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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31
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Kolychev EL, Shuntikov VV, Khrustalev VN, Bush AA, Nechaev MS. Dual reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbenes towards copper(ii) salts. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3074-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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