1
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Alférez MG, Moreno JJ, Maya C, Campos J. Polarized Au(I)/Rh(I) bimetallic pairs cooperatively trigger ligand non-innocence and bond activation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3835-3845. [PMID: 36866716 PMCID: PMC10029337 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00410d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The combination of molecular metallic fragments of contrasting Lewis character offers many possibilities for cooperative bond activation and for the disclosure of unusual reactivity. Here we provide a systematic investigation on the partnership of Lewis basic Rh(I) compounds of type [(η5-L)Rh(PR3)2] (η5-L = (C5Me5)- or (C9H7)-) with highly congested Lewis acidic Au(I) species. For the cyclopentadienyl Rh(I) compounds, we demonstrate the non-innocent role of the typically robust (C5Me5)- ligand through migration of a hydride to the Rh site and provide evidence for the direct implication of the gold fragment in this unusual bimetallic ligand activation event. This process competes with the formation of dinuclear Lewis adducts defined by a dative Rh → Au bond, with selectivity being under kinetic control and tunable by modifying the stereoelectronic and chelating properties of the phosphine ligands bound to the two metals. We provide a thorough computational study on the unusual Cp* non-innocent behavior and the divergent bimetallic pathways observed. The cooperative FLP-type reactivity of all bimetallic pairs has been investigated and computationally examined for the case of N-H bond activation in ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena G Alférez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Juan J Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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2
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Phatake RS, Averdunk A, Würtele C, Gellrich U. Piers’ Borane-Catalyzed Dimerization of Arylallenes via Transborylation: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra S. Phatake
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392Gießen, Germany
| | - Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392Gießen, Germany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392Gießen, Germany
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3
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Averdunk A, Hasenbeck M, Müller T, Becker J, Gellrich U. 1,2-Carboboration of Arylallenes by In Situ Generated Alkenylboranes for the Synthesis of 1,4-Dienes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200470. [PMID: 35348257 PMCID: PMC9325554 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a novel method for the coupling of unactivated alkynes and arylallenes, which relies on an unprecedented and regioselective 1,2-carboboration of the allene by an alkenylborane. The alkenylborane is conveniently prepared in situ by hydroboration of an alkyne with Piers' borane, i. e., HB(C6 F5 )2 . The boryl-substituted 1,4-dienes that are formed by this carboboration are well-suited for a subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with aryl iodides. This allowed us to develop a three-step, one-pot protocol for the synthesis of aryl-substituted 1,4-dienes. The generality of the reaction was demonstrated by the synthesis of twenty dienes with modular variations of all three reaction partners. The mechanism of the new 1,2-carboboration was investigated using dispersion corrected double-hybrid DFT computations that allowed us to rationalize the chemo- and regioselectivity of this key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Max Hasenbeck
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Tizian Müller
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
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4
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Hasenbeck M, Müller T, Averdunk A, Becker J, Gellrich U. Piers' Borane-Induced Tetramerization of Arylacetylenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104254. [PMID: 34882876 PMCID: PMC9303334 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We herein report that the reaction of Piers' borane, i. e. HB(C6 F5 )2 , with an excess of arylacetylenes at room temperature leads to tetramerization of the acetylene and the diastereoselective formation of boryl-substituted tetra-aryl-tetrahydropentalenes. The reaction mechanism was investigated by isotope labeling experiments and DFT computations. These investigations indicate that a series of 1,2-carboboration reactions form an octatetraene that undergoes an electrocyclization. Two skeletal rearrangements then presumably lead to the formation of the tetrahydropentalene core. Overall, this intricate and unprecedented transformation comprises five carbon-carbon bond formations in a single reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Hasenbeck
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Tizian Müller
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität GießenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GießenGermany
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring-17 35392 Gießen Germany
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6
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Hasenbeck M, Wech F, Averdunk A, Becker J, Gellrich U. Indene formation upon borane-induced cyclization of arylallenes, 1,1-carboboration, and retro-hydroboration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5518-5521. [PMID: 33955432 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01750k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We herein report the reaction of arylallenes with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane that yields pentafluorophenyl substituted indenes. The tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane induces the cyclization of the allene and transfers a pentafluorophenyl ring in the course of this reaction. A Hammett plot analysis and DFT computations indicate a 1,1-carboboration to be the C-C bond-forming step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Hasenbeck
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Felix Wech
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Arthur Averdunk
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Analytische und Anorganische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Gießen 35392, Germany
| | - Urs Gellrich
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
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7
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Bismuto A, Nichol GS, Duarte F, Cowley MJ, Thomas SP. Characterization of the Zwitterionic Intermediate in 1,1-Carboboration of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12731-12735. [PMID: 32343867 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a Lewis acidic borane with an alkyne is a key step in a diverse range of main group transformations. Alkyne 1,1-carboboration, the Wrackmeyer reaction, is an archetypal transformation of this kind. 1,1-Carboboration has been proposed to proceed through a zwitterionic intermediate. We report the isolation and spectroscopic, structural and computational characterization of the zwitterionic intermediates generated by reaction of B(C6 F5 )3 with alkynes. The stepwise reactivity of the zwitterion provides new mechanistic insight for 1,1-carboboration and wider B(C6 F5 )3 catalysis. Making use of intramolecular stabilization by a ferrocene substituent, we have characterized the zwitterionic intermediate in the solid state and diverted reactivity towards alkyne cyclotrimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bismuto
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Michael J Cowley
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Stephen P Thomas
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
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8
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Bismuto A, Nichol GS, Duarte F, Cowley MJ, Thomas SP. Characterization of the Zwitterionic Intermediate in 1,1‐Carboboration of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bismuto
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Michael J. Cowley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Stephen P. Thomas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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9
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Hamilton HB, King AM, Sparkes HA, Pridmore NE, Wass DF. Zirconium–Nitrogen Intermolecular Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6399-6409. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh B. Hamilton
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley M. King
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie E. Pridmore
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan F. Wass
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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10
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Liu W, Zeng R, Han Y, Wang Y, Tao H, Chen Y, Liu F, Liang Y. Computational and experimental investigation on the BCl3 promoted intramolecular amination of alkenes and alkynes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2776-2783. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The BCl3 promoted aminoboration of alkenes and alkynes was investigated both computationally and experimentally, leading to the discovery of a metal-free hydroamination of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Ruxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yingbin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Huimin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
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11
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Ding S, Li J, Liu R, Fu G, Zhu H, Liu W, Ye Q. N-Geminal P/Al Lewis Pair-Alkyne Dipolar Cycloaddition to the Zwitterionic C 2PNAl-Heterocyclopentene. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2405-2414. [PMID: 31457589 PMCID: PMC6682165 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The N-geminal P/Al Lewis pair [Ph2PN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)AlEt2]2 (1) has been prepared and studied for reaction with a series of alkynes. The reaction of 1 with RC≡CR yielded zwitterionic C2PNAl-heterocyclopentene [Ph2 ⌜PN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)AlEt2](CR=⌝CR) (R = Me (2), Ph (3)); with PhC≡CEt produced two isomers, [Ph2 ⌜PN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)AlEt2](CPh=⌝CEt) (4a) and [Ph2 ⌜PN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)AlEt2](CEt=⌝CPh) (4b); and with other alkynes generated [Ph2 ⌜PN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)AlEt2](CR1=⌝CR2) (R1, R2 = CO2Et, Ph (5); SiMe3, Ph (6); PPh2, Ph (7); SiMe3,H (8); H, EtO (9)). Natural bond orbital analysis of the charge separation of the C≡C bond of alkynes was carried out, and then, the electronic matching interaction mode between the combined Lewis acid (AlEt2) and base (PPh2) groups of 1 and the C≡C bond of such alkynes was discussed. Reactions of 1 with alkene, nitrile, and carbodiimide molecules were also carried out, and cycloaddition compounds 10-12 were produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ding
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering
Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiancheng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering
Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering
Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Gang Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering
Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering
Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- State
Key Laboratory for Platinum Group Metals, Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- State
Key Laboratory for Platinum Group Metals, Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
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12
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Yruegas S, Wilson C, Dutton JL, Martin CD. Ring Opening of Epoxides Induced by Pentaphenylborole. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Yruegas
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, One Bear
Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Charles Wilson
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, One Bear
Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for
Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Caleb D. Martin
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, One Bear
Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
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13
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Winkler A, Freytag M, Jones PG, Tamm M. Isolation and Reactivity of a FrustratedN-Heterocyclic Carbene-Borane. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201600290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Winkler
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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14
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Wilkins LC, Günther BAR, Walther M, Lawson JR, Wirth T, Melen RL. Contrasting Frustrated Lewis Pair Reactivity with Selenium- and Boron-Based Lewis Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11292-5. [PMID: 27484052 PMCID: PMC5113806 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The activation of π-bonds in diynyl esters has been investigated by using soft and hard Lewis acids. In the case of the soft selenium Lewis acid PhSeCl, sequential activation of the alkyne bonds leads initially to an isocoumarin (1 equiv PhSeCl) and then to a tetracyclic conjugated structure with the isocoumarin subunit fused to a benzoselenopyran (3 equiv PhSeCl). Conversely, the reaction with the hard Lewis acidic borane B(C6 F5 )3 initiates a cascade reaction to yield a complex π-conjugated system containing phthalide and indene subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis C Wilkins
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Benjamin A R Günther
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Melanie Walther
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - James R Lawson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Cymru/Wales, CF10 3AT, UK.
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15
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Wilkins LC, Günther BAR, Walther M, Lawson JR, Wirth T, Melen RL. Gegensätzliche Reaktivität frustrierter Lewis-Paare mit Selen- und Bor-basierten Lewis-Säuren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis C. Wilkins
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
| | - Benjamin A. R. Günther
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
| | - Melanie Walther
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
| | - James R. Lawson
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff Cymru/Wales CF10 3AT Großbritannien
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16
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Metters OJ, Forrest SJK, Sparkes HA, Manners I, Wass DF. Small Molecule Activation by Intermolecular Zr(IV)-Phosphine Frustrated Lewis Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1994-2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen J. Metters
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian J. K. Forrest
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan F. Wass
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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17
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Klose A, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Phosphole formation by 1,1-carboboration – reactions of bis-alkynyl phosphanes with a frustrated P/B Lewis pair. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2023-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of arylbis(alkynyl)phosphanes with the frustrated P/B Lewis pair mes2PCH2CH2B(C6F5)2gives phosphane/borane functionalized phospholes by a sequence of 1,1-carboboration reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Klose
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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18
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Rosorius C, Möricke J, Wibbeling B, McQuilken AC, Warren TH, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry Derived from Bulky Allenyl and Propargyl Phosphanes. Chemistry 2015; 22:1103-13. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Rosorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jennifer Möricke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Birgit Wibbeling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alison C. McQuilken
- Department of Chemistry; Georgetown University; 37th and O Streets NW Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry; Georgetown University; 37th and O Streets NW Washington DC 20057-1227 USA
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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19
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Melen RL, Wilkins LC, Kariuki BM, Wadepohl H, Gade LH, Hashmi ASK, Stephan DW, Hansmann MM. Diverging Pathways in the Activation of Allenes with Lewis Acids and Bases: Addition, 1,2-Carboboration, and Cyclization. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Melen
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Lewis C. Wilkins
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, U.K
| | | | | | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Chemistry
Department, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
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20
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Bähr A, Wilkins LC, Ollegott K, Kariuki BM, Melen RL. Σ- versus π-activation of alkynyl benzoates using B(C₆F₅)₃. Molecules 2015; 20:4530-47. [PMID: 25774488 PMCID: PMC6272168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have prepared a range of alkynyl benzoates in high yields and have investigated their reactivities with the strong Lewis acid B(C6F5)3. In such molecules both σ-activation of the carbonyl and π-activation of the alkyne are possible. In contrast to the reactivity of propargyl esters with B(C6F5)3 which proceed via 1,2-addition of the ester and B(C6F5)3 across the alkyne, the inclusion of an additional CH2 spacer switches off the intramolecular cyclization and selective σ-activation of the carbonyl group is observed through adduct formation. This change in reactivity appears due to the instability of the species which would be formed through B(C6F5)3 activation of the alkyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bähr
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Lewis C Wilkins
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Kevin Ollegott
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Benson M Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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21
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Liedtke R, Tenberge F, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Benzannulation of Heterocyclic Frameworks by 1,1-Carboboration Pathways. J Org Chem 2015; 80:2240-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502753s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- René Liedtke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian Tenberge
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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22
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Zhang Z, Edkins RM, Nitsch J, Fucke K, Steffen A, Longobardi LE, Stephan DW, Lambert C, Marder TB. Optical and electronic properties of air-stable organoboron compounds with strongly electron-accepting bis(fluoromesityl)boryl groups. Chem Sci 2015; 6:308-321. [PMID: 28966759 PMCID: PMC5586071 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three compounds with phenyl (1), 4-tert-butylphenyl (2) and 4-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl (3) groups attached to bis(fluoromesityl)boryl ((FMes)2B) through B-C bonds have been prepared. The restricted rotation about the B-C bonds of boron-bonded aryl rings in solution has been studied by variable-temperature 19F NMR spectroscopy, and through-space F-F coupling has been observed for 3 at low temperature. Steric congestion inhibits binding of 1 by Lewis bases DABCO and tBu3P and the activation of H2 in their presence. Photophysical and electrochemical studies have been carried out on 2, 3, and an analogue of 3 containing a bis(mesityl)boryl ((Mes)2B) group, namely 4. Both 2 and 3 show bright emission in nonpolar solvents and in the solid-state, very strong electron-accepting ability as measured by cyclic voltammetry, and good air-stability. In addition, 2 displayed unusually long-lived emission (τ = 2.47 s) in 2-MeTHF at 77 K. The much stronger acceptor strength of (FMes)2B than (Mes)2B leads to significantly red-shifted emission in solution and the solid state, stronger emission solvatochromism, and significantly lower reduction potentials. Theoretical calculations confirm that 2 and 3 tend to form highly twisted excited states with good conjugation between one FMes group and the boron atom, which correlate well with their blue-shifted solid-state emissions and low kr values in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolun Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Robert M Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Katharina Fucke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- School of Medicine , Pharmacy and Health , Durham University , University Boulevard , Stockton-on-Tees , TS17 6BH , UK
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Lauren E Longobardi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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23
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Möbus J, Galstyan A, Feldmann A, Daniliuc CG, Fröhlich R, Strassert CA, Kehr G, Erker G. Preparation of dithienylphospholes by 1,1-carboboration. Chemistry 2014; 20:11883-93. [PMID: 25123406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study the scope of the 1,1-carboboration reaction was extended to the preparation of mixed heterole-based conjugated π-systems. Two arylbis(alkynyl)phosphane starting materials 2 were synthesized bearing two thiophene isomers at the alkyne units and the bulky tipp-substituent (tipp=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) at the phosphorous atom. The bis(thienylethynyl)phosphanes 2 were converted into the corresponding 2,5-thienyl-substituted 3-borylphospholes 4 in a double 1,1-carboboration reaction sequence employing the strongly electrophilic B(C6 F5 )3 reagent under mild reaction conditions. Subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura type cross-coupling yielded the corresponding 3-phenylphospholes 7 in a one-pot procedure from phosphanes 2 in high yields. Phospholes 7 were converted into the respective phosphole oxides 8. A photophysical characterization of derivatives 7 and 8 was carried out. The results presented here demonstrate the suitability of the 1,1-carboboration reaction for the preparation of phosphole-/thiophene-based, light-emitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Möbus
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster (Germany), Fax: (+49) 251-8336503
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24
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Melen RL. Applications of pentafluorophenyl boron reagents in the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1161-74. [PMID: 24292326 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, main group reagents have attracted a lot of attention in bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis. This article highlights the use of pentafluorophenyl substituted boron reagents in their reactions with C=C and C≡C π-bonds for the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. These cyclisation reactions fall into four general classes although there is some overlap between classes and often combinations of these different types of reactivity are observed in the formation of the final heterocyclic product: (i) 1,2- (and 1,4-) additions of nucleophile and Lewis-acidic boron centre, (ii) 1,1-carboboration, (iii) carbocation rearrangements and (iv) cycloaddition chemistry. In addition, the prospect of using such boron reagents catalytically in the synthesis of aromatic compounds such as oxazoles and dibenzopentalene derivatives is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Melen
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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25
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Liedtke R, Scheidt F, Ren J, Schirmer B, Cardenas AJP, Daniliuc CG, Eckert H, Warren TH, Grimme S, Kehr G, Erker G. Frustrated Lewis Pair Modification by 1,1-Carboboration: Disclosure of a Phosphine Oxide Triggered Nitrogen Monoxide Addition to an Intramolecular P/B Frustrated Lewis Pair. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9014-27. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5028293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- René Liedtke
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Felix Scheidt
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jinjun Ren
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Birgitta Schirmer
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Allan Jay P. Cardenas
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057-1227, United States
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057-1227, United States
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische
und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, Münster 48149, Germany
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26
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Gulevskaya AV, Tyaglivy AS, Pozharskii AF, Nelina-Nemtseva JI, Steglenko DV. Heterocyclization of Enediynes Promoted by Sodium Azide: A Case of Ambiguity of X-ray Data and Structure Revision. Org Lett 2014; 16:1582-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500125j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Gulevskaya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S. Tyaglivy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander F. Pozharskii
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Julia I. Nelina-Nemtseva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V. Steglenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Zorge 7, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
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27
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Hansmann MM, Melen RL, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK, Stephan DW. Activation of alkynes with B(C₆F₅)₃--boron allylation reagents derived from propargyl esters. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:777-82. [PMID: 24354408 DOI: 10.1021/ja4110842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Novel allyl boron compounds are readily synthesized via rearrangement reactions between Lewis acidic B(C6F5)3 and propargyl esters. These reactions proceed through an initial cyclization followed by ring-opening and concurrent C6F5-group migration. In the absence of disubstitution adjacent to the ester oxygen atom, an allyl boron migration rearrangement leads to formal 1,3-carboboration products. These allyl boron compounds act as allylation reagents with aldehydes introducing both a C3-allyl fragment and a C6F5-unit as a single anti-diastereomer. In these reactions, B(C6F5)3 activates the alkynes, prompting the rearrangement processes and enabling installations of C6F5 and R-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Hansmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Hansmann MM, Melen RL, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK, Stephan DW. B(C6F5)3 promoted cyclisation of internal propargyl esters: structural characterisation of 1,3-dioxolium compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7243-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01370k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Internal propargyl esters react with B(C6F5)3 to give zwitterionic dioxolium heterocycles; the structures and mechanism of formation are considered in the light of DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M. Hansmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry
- Toronto, Canada
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University (KAU)
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29
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Sajid M, Lawzer A, Dong W, Rosorius C, Sander W, Schirmer B, Grimme S, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Carbonylation reactions of intramolecular vicinal frustrated phosphane/borane Lewis pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18567-74. [PMID: 24147963 DOI: 10.1021/ja408815k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) Mes2PCH2CH2B(C6F5)2 4 adds cooperatively to carbon monoxide to form the five-membered heterocyclic carbonyl compound 5. The intramolecular FLP 7 contains an exo-3-B(C6F5)2 Lewis acid and an endo-2-PMes2 Lewis base functionality coordinated at the norbornane framework. This noninteracting FLP adds carbon monoxide in solution at -35 °C cooperatively to yield a five-membered heterocyclic FLP-carbonyl compound 8. In contrast, FLP 7 is carbonylated in a CO-doped argon matrix at 25 K to selectively form a borane carbonyl 9 without involvement of the adjacent phosphanyl moiety. The free FLP 7 was generated in the gas phase from its FLPH2 product 10. A DFT study has shown that the phosphonium hydrido borate zwitterion 10 is formed exergonically in solution but tends to lose H2 when brought into the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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30
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Yu J, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Reaction of Diphenylphosphanylacetylene with RB(C6F5)2 Reagents: Evidence for a Remarkable Sequence of Synergistic Frustrated Lewis Pair Addition Reactions. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11661-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402139g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Yu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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31
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Gulevskaya AV, Lazarevich RY. Cyclizations of enediynes under the action of electrophiles. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-013-1234-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Ménard G, Tran L, McCahill JSJ, Lough AJ, Stephan DW. Contrasting the Reactivity of Ethylene and Propylene with P/Al and P/B Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400222w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ménard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Lina Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Jenny S. J. McCahill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue,
Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
| | - Alan J. Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada M5S 3H6
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33
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Jiang C, Stephan DW. Phosphinimine–borane combinations in frustrated Lewis pair chemistry. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:630-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30720k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Erdmann M, Rösener C, Holtrichter-Rößmann T, Daniliuc CG, Fröhlich R, Uhl W, Würthwein EU, Kehr G, Erker G. Functional group chemistry at intramolecular frustrated Lewis pairs: substituent exchange at the Lewis acid site with 9-BBN. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:709-18. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31737k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Neu RC, Jiang C, Stephan DW. Bulky derivatives of boranes, boronic acids and boronate estersvia reaction with diazomethanes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:726-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31868g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Gulevskaya AV, Lazarevich RY, Pozharskii AF. Electrophilic cyclizations of 2,3-dialkynylquinoxalines and 1,2-dialkynylbenzenes: a comparative study. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Abstract
The chemistry of some reactive frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) is reported. This includes intramolecular P/B and N/B FLPs, some of which were used as catalysts for the hydrogenation of electron-rich olefin substrates. Some advanced intermolecular FLPs are reported, which includes systems derived from very bulky alkenyl boranes obtained from 1,1-carboboration reactions of 1-alkynes with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. Some such systems activate dihydrogen and transfer the resulting proton/hydride pair even to some electron-poor alkynes. Eventually, we report on the reaction of our intramolecular ethylene-bridged P/B FLP with nitric oxide (NO). N,B-addition of the P-Lewis base/B-Lewis acid combination is observed to form a new type of a persistent aminoxyl radical. Some of the chemistry of the new FLP-NO radicals is presented and discussed.
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38
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Reddy JS, Xu BH, Mahdi T, Fröhlich R, Kehr G, Stephan DW, Erker G. Alkenylborane-Derived Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Metal-Free Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions of Electron-Deficient Alkenes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3006068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Sreedhar Reddy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bao-Hua Xu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tayseer Mahdi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street,Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street,Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Harhausen M, Fröhlich R, Kehr G, Erker G. Reactions of Modified Intermolecular Frustrated P/B Lewis Pairs with Dihydrogen, Ethene, and Carbon Dioxide. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om201076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Harhausen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster,
Germany
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Feldhaus P, Schirmer B, Wibbeling B, Daniliuc CG, Fröhlich R, Grimme S, Kehr G, Erker G. Frustrated Lewis pair addition to conjugated diynes: Formation of zwitterionic 1,2,3-butatriene derivatives. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:9135-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30321c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhao X, Liang L, Stephan DW. Facile synthesis of electrophilic vinyl boranes: reactions of alkynyl-borates and diazonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10189-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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