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Munz D, Meyer K. Charge frustration in ligand design and functional group transfer. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:422-439. [PMID: 37118028 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with different resonance structures of similar importance, such as heterocumulenes and mesoionics, are prominent in many applications of chemistry, including 'click chemistry', photochemistry, switching and sensing. In coordination chemistry, similar chameleonic/schizophrenic entities are referred to as ambidentate/ambiphilic or cooperative ligands. Examples of these had remained, for a long time, limited to a handful of archetypal compounds that were mere curiosities. In this Review, we describe ambiphilicity - or, rather, 'charge frustration' - as a general guiding principle for ligand design and functional group transfer. We first give a historical account of organic zwitterions and discuss their electronic structures and applications. Our discussion then focuses on zwitterionic ligands and their metal complexes, such as those of ylidic and redox-active ligands. Finally, we present new approaches to single-atom transfer using cumulated small molecules and outline emerging areas, such as bond activation and stable donor-acceptor ligand systems for reversible 1e- chemistry or switching.
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2
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Jurrat M, Maggi L, Lewis W, Ball LT. Modular bismacycles for the selective C-H arylation of phenols and naphthols. Nat Chem 2020; 12:260-269. [PMID: 32108765 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given the important role played by 2-hydroxybiaryls in organic, medicinal and materials chemistry, concise methods for the synthesis of this common motif are extremely valuable. In seeking to extend the lexicon of synthetic chemists in this regard, we have developed an expedient and general strategy for the ortho-arylation of phenols and naphthols using readily available boronic acids. Our methodology relies on in situ generation of a uniquely reactive Bi(V) arylating agent from a bench-stable Bi(III) precursor via telescoped B-to-Bi transmetallation and oxidation. By exploiting reactivity that is orthogonal to conventional metal-catalysed manifolds, diverse aryl and heteroaryl partners can be rapidly coupled to phenols and naphthols under mild conditions. Following arylation, high-yielding recovery of the Bi(III) precursor allows for its efficient re-use in subsequent reactions. Mechanistic interrogation of each key step of the methodology informs its practical application and provides fundamental insight into the underexploited reactivity of organobismuth compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jurrat
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Liam T Ball
- GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. .,School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
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Raţ CI, Silvestru C, Breunig HJ. Hypervalent organoantimony and -bismuth compounds with pendant arm ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Shainyan BA, Tolstikova LL. Trifluoromethanesulfonamides and Related Compounds. Chem Rev 2012; 113:699-733. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300220h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bagrat A. Shainyan
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science, 1
Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Ljudmila L. Tolstikova
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute
of Chemistry, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science, 1
Favorsky Street, Irkutsk 664033, Russia
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Rasmussen LK, Begtrup M, Ruhland T. Solid-Phase Synthesis with Resin-Bound Triarylbismuthanes: Traceless and Multidirectional Cleavage of Unsymmetrical Biphenyls. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1230-2. [PMID: 16438542 DOI: 10.1021/jo051803d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A multistep solid-phase organic synthesis with resin-bound bismuth linker is described. The flexibilities inherent in this system through novel chemoselective cross-coupling reactions, in conjunction with multidirectional and/or traceless cleavage methodologies, are exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kyhn Rasmussen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, H. Lundbeck A/S, 9 Ottiliavej, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
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6
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Mitsumoto Y, Nitta M. Oxidizing Ability of a Series of (Tropon-2-ylimino)pnictoranes (Pnictogen = P, As, Sb, and Bi) toward Some Alcohols. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2003. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.76.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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7
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Matano Y, Nomura H, Suzuki H. Synthesis and structural comparison of triaryl(sulfonylimino)pnictoranes. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:1940-8. [PMID: 11925191 DOI: 10.1021/ic0110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triarylphosphanes 1 (Ar(3)P; Ar = Ph, 4-MeC(6)H(4)), triphenylarsane (2), and triarylstibanes 3 (Ar(3)Sb; Ar = 2-MeC(6)H(4), 2-MeOC(6)H(4)) reacted with trifluoromethanesulfonamide (7a) in the presence of equimolar diethyl azodicarboxylate to afford the corresponding triaryl(sulfonylimino)pnictoranes [Ar(3)M=NSO(2)CF(3); 8 (M = P), 9 (M = As), 10 (M = Sb)]. The Kirsanov-type reaction of triarylantimony dichlorides 5 (Ar(3)SbCl(2); Ar = 2-MeC(6)H(4), 2-MeOC(6)H(4)) and triarylbismuth dichlorides 6 (Ar(3)BiCl(2); Ar = 2-MeC(6)H(4), 2-MeOC(6)H(4), 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2)) with sulfonamides 7 (H(2)NSO(2)R; R = CF(3), 4-MeC(6)H(4), Me) in the presence of 2 equiv of potassium tert-butoxide yielded triaryl(sulfonylimino)-lambda(5)-stibanes 10 and -bismuthanes 11, respectively. The ortho-substitution in aryl ligands of 10 and 11 has been found to bring about considerable kinetic stabilization of the reactive Sb=N and Bi=N bonds. A structural comparison was made for a series of triaryl(sulfonylimino)pnictoranes 8-11 by IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. In the IR spectra of 9-11, SO(2) asymmetric stretching absorptions (nu(SO2)) were observed at lower wavenumbers as compared to those of phosphorus counterparts 8. The difference in frequency (Deltanu(SO2)) from 8 increased progressively as the pnictogen element being utilized moved down the group 15 column on the periodic table. X-ray crystallographic analyses of eight of the triaryl(sulfonylimino)pnictoranes prepared confirmed the increasing single-bond character of the M=N bond, with the contribution from the canonical structure M(+)-N=S(O)-O(-) increasing in importance in the order P < As < Sb < Bi. Among all triaryl(sulfonylimino)pnictoranes examined, only imino-lambda(5)-bismuthanes 11 oxidized alcohols to carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Matano Y, Nomura H, Suzuki H, Shiro M, Nakano H. Synthesis, structure, and reactions of (acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes: first comparative study of the (acylimino)pnictorane series. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10954-65. [PMID: 11686699 DOI: 10.1021/ja003623l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure, and reactions of (acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes and a comparative study of the structure and reactivity of a series of (acylimino)pnictoranes are reported. Treatment of ortho-substituted triarylbismuth dichlorides 1 (Ar(3)BiCl(2); Ar = 2-MeC(6)H(4), 2-MeOC(6)H(4), 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2)) with amides 2 (H(2)NCOR; R = CF(3), CCl(3), 3,5-(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3)) in the presence of 2.2 equiv of KO-t-Bu in dichloromethane afforded (acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes 3 (Ar(3)Bi=NCOR) in yields of 77-96%. The ortho-substituted aryl ligands and the electron-withdrawing N-substituents afford kinetic and thermodynamic stabilization, respectively, to the reactive Bi=N bond. The structures and properties of a series of (acylimino)pnictoranes (Ar(3)M=NCOR and H(3)M=NCOCF(3); M = P, As, Sb, Bi) are compared by IR and (13)C and (15)N NMR, X-ray crystallography, and ab initio molecular orbital calculations. It was found that the contribution of the M(+)-N=C-O(-) canonical form becomes more prominent and the single-bond character of the M=N bond increases progressively as the pnictogen atom becomes heavier. The Bi=N bond of (acylimino)-lambda(5)-bismuthanes 3 possesses a highly polarized single-bond character, probably due to the differences in orbital size and electronegativity between the bismuth and nitrogen atoms. Thermal decomposition of (aroylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthane 3f (o-Tol(3)Bi=NCOAr; Ar = 3,5-(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3)) produces a gel in dry conditions or aniline 12 (ArNH(2)) in slightly wet conditions with a good recovery of tris(2-methylphenyl)bismuthane (4a). It is likely that the aryl isocyanate 13 (ArNCO) is produced during the thermolysis via a concerted C --> N migration of the Ar group with an elimination of the triarylbismuthonio group as bismuthane 4a. (Acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes 3 oxidize 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethanediol, benzenethiol, methanol, and ethanol to benzophenone, diphenyl disulfide, methyl formate, and acetaldehyde, respectively, in two different reaction pathways depending on the structure of the substrates. Compound 3d (o-Tol(3)Bi=NCOCCl(3)) transfers the nitrenoid moiety to triphenylphosphane, triphenylarsane, and tris(2-methylphenyl)stibane to give the corresponding (acylimino)pnictoranes (Ar(3)M=NCOCl(3); M = P, As, Sb) and 4a, suggesting that 3d is thermodynamically much less stable than their lighter pnictogen counterparts. The copper-catalyzed decomposition of 3 (o-Tol(3)Bi=NCOR) afforded N-acyl-o-toluidines 18 (o-TolNHCOR) via a Bi --> N migration of the tolyl group. The observed reactivities of (acylimino)triaryl-lambda(5)-bismuthanes 3 demonstrate a good leaving ability of the bismuthonio group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Matano Y, Begum SA, Miyamatsu T, Suzuki H. Synthesis and Stereochemical Behavior of Unsymmetrical Tetraarylbismuthonium Salts. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om990597v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shameem Ara Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyamatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hitomi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Silvestru C, Breunig HJ, Althaus H. Structural chemistry of bismuth compounds. I. Organobismuth derivatives. Chem Rev 1999; 99:3277-328. [PMID: 11749517 DOI: 10.1021/cr980083q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Silvestru
- Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Postfach 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
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11
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Matano Y, Nomura H, Shiro M, Suzuki H. First Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of (Acylimino)triaryl-λ5-bismuthanes Stabilized by ortho-Substituted Aryl Ligands. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om990252c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and Rigaku Corporation, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Hazumi Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and Rigaku Corporation, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Motoo Shiro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and Rigaku Corporation, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Hitomi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and Rigaku Corporation, Akishima-shi, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
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