1
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Rossino G, Marrubini G, Brindisi M, Granje M, Linciano P, Rossi D, Collina S. A green Heck reaction protocol towards trisubstituted alkenes, versatile pharmaceutical intermediates. Front Chem 2024; 12:1431382. [PMID: 39050371 PMCID: PMC11266092 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1431382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Heck reaction is widely employed to build a variety of biologically relevant scaffolds and has been successfully implemented in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Typically, the reaction with terminal alkenes gives high yields and stereoselectivity toward the trans-substituted alkenes product, and many green variants of the original protocol have been developed for such substrates. However, these methodologies may not be applied with the same efficiency to reactions with challenging substrates, such as internal olefins, providing trisubstituted alkenes. In the present work, we have implemented a Heck reaction protocol under green conditions to access trisubstituted alkenes as final products or key intermediates of pharmaceutical interest. A set of preliminary experiments performed on a model reaction led to selecting a simple and green setup based on a design of experiments (DoE) study. In such a way, the best experimental conditions (catalyst loading, equivalents of alkene, base and tetraalkylammonium salt, composition, and amount of solvent) have been identified. Then, a second set of experiments were performed, bringing the reaction to completion and considering additional factors. The protocol thus defined involves using EtOH as the solvent, microwave (mw) irradiation to achieve short reaction times, and the supported catalyst Pd EnCat®40, which affords an easier recovery and reuse. These conditions were tested on different aryl bromides and internal olefines to evaluate the substrate scope. Furthermore, with the aim to limit as much as possible the production of waste, a simple isomerization procedure was developed to convert the isomeric byproducts into the desired conjugated E alkene, which is also the thermodynamically favoured product. The approach herein disclosed represents a green, efficient, and easy-to-use handle towards different trisubstituted alkenes via the Heck reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Marc Granje
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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2
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Connors W, DeKorte R, Lucas SCC, Gopalsamy A, Ziegler RE. Synthesis of Benzothiazinones from Benzoyl Thiocarbamates: Application to Clinical Candidates for Tuberculosis Treatment. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Connors
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Medicinal Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Ryan DeKorte
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Medicinal Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Robert E Ziegler
- AstraZeneca Medicinal Chemistry 35 Gatehouse Drive 02451 Waltham UNITED STATES
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3
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Schultze C, Foß S, Schmidt B. 8‐Prenylflavanones through Microwave Promoted Tandem Claisen Rearrangement/6‐
endo
‐trig Cyclization and Cross Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Schultze
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
| | - Stefan Foß
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
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4
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Colella M, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Heterocycles: A Recent Update on the Flow Synthesis of Indoles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143242. [PMID: 32708643 PMCID: PMC7397031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole derivatives are among the most useful and interesting heterocycles employed in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. In addition, flow chemistry and flow technology are changing the synthetic paradigm in the field of modern synthesis. In this review, the role of flow technology in the preparation of indole derivatives is showcased. Selected examples have been described with the aim to provide readers with an overview on the tactics and technologies used for targeting indole scaffolds.
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5
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Swinson H, Perry A. Three-component spiropyran synthesis via tandem alkylation-condensation. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Development of large-scale oxidative Bromination with HBr-DMSO by using a continuous-flow microwave system for the subsequent synthesis of 4-Methoxy-2-methyldiphenylamine. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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7
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Wang Y, Tang G, Wu Y. A Set of phenyl sulfonate metal coordination complexes triggered Biginelli reaction for the high efficient synthesis of 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1
H
)‐ones under solvent‐free conditions. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Gui‐Mei Tang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
| | - Yu‐Song Wu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 China
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8
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Kappe CO. My Twenty Years in Microwave Chemistry: From Kitchen Ovens to Microwaves that aren't Microwaves. CHEM REC 2019; 19:15-39. [PMID: 29905399 PMCID: PMC6391988 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This Personal Account describes the author's involvement in the field of microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) from the late 1990's starting out with kitchen microwave ovens right through to the development of a reactor in 2016 that - although not using microwave technology - in many ways mimics the performance of a modern laboratory microwave. The reader is taken along a journey that has spanned two decades of intense research on various aspects of microwave chemistry, and, at the same time, was intimately linked to key innovations regarding equipment design and development. A "behind the scenes" approach is taken in this article to share - from a very personal point of view - how specific projects and research ideas were conceived and developed in my research group, and how in general the field of microwave chemistry has progressed in the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 GrazAustria
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9
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Egami H, Hamashima Y. Practical and Scalable Organic Reactions with Flow Microwave Apparatus. CHEM REC 2018; 19:157-171. [PMID: 30511806 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microwave irradiation has been used for accelerating organic reactions as a heating method and has been proven to be useful in laboratory scale organic synthesis. The major drawback of microwave chemistry is the difficulty in scaling up, mainly because of the low penetration depth of microwaves. The combination of microwave chemistry and flow chemistry is considered to overcome the problem in scaling up of microwave-assisted organic reactions, and some flow microwave systems have been developed in both academic and industrial communities. In this context, we have demonstrated the scale-up of fundamental organic reactions using a novel flow microwave system developed by the academic-industrial alliance between the University of Shizuoka, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and SAIDA FDS. In this Personal Account, we summarize the recent progress of our scalable microwave-assisted continuous synthesis using the SAIDA flow microwave apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
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10
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Barham JP, Koyama E, Norikane Y, Ohneda N, Yoshimura T. Microwave Flow: A Perspective on Reactor and Microwave Configurations and the Emergence of Tunable Single‐Mode Heating Toward Large‐Scale Applications. CHEM REC 2018; 19:188-203. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Barham
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Emiko Koyama
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- Electronics and Photonics Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ohneda
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshimura
- SAIDA FDS, INC. 143-10 Isshiki Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0054 Japan
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11
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Pedersen SK, Ulfkjær A, Newman MN, Yogarasa S, Petersen AU, Sølling TI, Pittelkow M. Inverting the Selectivity of the Newman-Kwart Rearrangement via One Electron Oxidation at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12000-12006. [PMID: 30160966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that the Newman-Kwart rearrangement can be performed at room temperature by action of a simple and readily available oxidant, cerium ammonium nitrate, is described. The conditions give clean conversion when using electron-rich aromatic substrates, and the reactions are often quantitative. Computational studies support a reaction mechanism where the O-thiocarbamate is first oxidized to the radical cation, followed by nucleophilic attack by the ipso carbon of the aromatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan K Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anne Ulfkjær
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Madeleine N Newman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Sarangki Yogarasa
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anne U Petersen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Theis I Sølling
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Michael Pittelkow
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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12
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Gopula B, Zeng HW, Wu PY, Henschke JP, Wu HL. A Rapid Synthesis of Chiral Allylic Amines via Microwave-assisted Asymmetric Alkenylation ofN-Tosyl Aldimines Catalyzed by Rhodium/Chiral Diene Complexes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balraj Gopula
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan Normal University; Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Hao-Wei Zeng
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan Normal University; Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Ping-Yu Wu
- ScinoPharm; Taiwan Science-Based Industrial Park; Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Julian P. Henschke
- ScinoPharm; Taiwan Science-Based Industrial Park; Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Hsyueh-Liang Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan Normal University; Taiwan Republic of China
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13
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Lin S, Peng Y, Hu J, Wang J, Li Y, Song G. Development and Application of a Microwave Reactor Radiating through a Leaky Coaxial Antenna. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Lin
- East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmacy; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Yanqing Peng
- East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmacy; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Junjie Hu
- East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmacy; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmacy; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Yu Li
- East China University of Science and Technology; School of Information Science and Engineering; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Gonghua Song
- East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology; School of Pharmacy; 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
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14
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Obermayer D, Znidar D, Glotz G, Stadler A, Dallinger D, Kappe CO. Design and Performance Validation of a Conductively Heated Sealed-Vessel Reactor for Organic Synthesis. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11788-11801. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Obermayer
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Desiree Znidar
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Stadler
- Department
of Analytical and Synthetic Chemistry, Anton Paar GmbH, Anton-Paar-Strasse
20, 8054 Graz, Austria
| | - Doris Dallinger
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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15
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Wang JH, Zhang E, Tang GM, Wang YT, Cui YZ, Ng SW. Novel bipyridinyl oxadiazole-based metal coordination complexes: High efficient and green synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones through the Biginelli reactions. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Louvis ADR, Silva NAA, Semaan FS, da Silva FDC, Saramago G, de Souza LCSV, Ferreira BLA, Castro HC, Salles JP, Souza ALA, Faria RX, Ferreira VF, Martins DDL. Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of 3-aryl-1,4-naphthoquinones – green palladium-catalysed Suzuki cross coupling. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00872k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Antifungal and trypanocidal aryl-1,4-naphthoquinones were prepared through an aqueous Suzuki protocol with reflux or microwave irradiation.
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17
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A detailed investigation of the multicomponent reaction of salicylaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and isocyanides under microwave heating. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Yokozawa S, Ohneda N, Muramatsu K, Okamoto T, Odajima H, Ikawa T, Sugiyama JI, Fujita M, Sawairi T, Egami H, Hamashima Y, Egi M, Akai S. Development of a highly efficient single-mode microwave applicator with a resonant cavity and its application to continuous flow syntheses. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12428f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A new microwave applicator specifically designed for continuous flow synthesis has been developed and tested in the Fischer indole synthesis and in the Diels–Alder reaction to afford the reaction products at a scale of 100 g h−1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Takashi Ikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Sugiyama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
- Tsukuba
- Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Taira Sawairi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Egi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka
- Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Osaka University
- Suita
- Japan
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19
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Xu J, Li F, Wei J, Peng X. Synthesis of Polynitrostilbenes from 2,4,6-Trinitro-M-Xylene and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene by a Microwave-Assisted Solvent Free Method. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/174751914x13944453321075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of polynitrostilbenes involving the condensation of 2,4,6-trinitro- m-xylene and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene with aryl aldehydes in the presence of piperidine and silica-gel is reported. Compared with conventional methods, a shorter reaction time is required and this method has a lower environmental impact. A mechanism for the reaction is also proposed and supported by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Fangmei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
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20
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Nishioka M, Sato K, Onodera A, Miyakawa M, Tanaka DAP, Kasai M, Miyazawa A, Suzuki TM. Controlled Heating of Palladium Dispersed Porous Alumina Tube and Continuous Oxidation of Ethylene Using Frequency-Variable Single-Mode Microwave Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie4032555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Nishioka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Ayumi Onodera
- Tohoku Gakuin University, 1-13-1, Chuo, Tagajo, Miyagi, 985-8537, Japan
| | - Masato Miyakawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Kasai
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Toshishige M. Suzuki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST, 4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
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21
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22
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Obermayer D, Damm M, Kappe CO. Simulating Microwave Chemistry in a Resistance-Heated Autoclave Made of Semiconducting Silicon Carbide Ceramic. Chemistry 2013; 19:15827-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Nishioka M, Miyakawa M, Daino Y, Kataoka H, Koda H, Sato K, Suzuki TM. Single-Mode Microwave Reactor Used for Continuous Flow Reactions under Elevated Pressure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie400199r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Nishioka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST,
4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Masato Miyakawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST,
4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Yohei Daino
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST,
4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Haruki Kataoka
- Shinko-Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1544-19, Masumori, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-0012,
Japan
| | - Hidekazu Koda
- Shinko-Kagaku Co. Ltd., 1544-19, Masumori, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, 343-0012,
Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST,
4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Toshishige M. Suzuki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST,
4-2-1, Nigatake, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, 983-8551, Japan
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24
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Obermayer D, Damm M, Kappe CO. Design and evaluation of improved magnetic stir bars for single-mode microwave reactors. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4949-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40790j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Abstract
The principles of Green Chemistry are important but challenging drivers for most modern synthesis programs. To meet these challenges new flow chemistry tools are proving to be very effective by providing improved heat/mass transfer opportunities, lower solvent usage, less waste generation, hazardous compound containment, and the possibility of a 24/7 working regime. This machine-assisted approach can be used to effect repetitive or routine scale-up steps or when combined with reagent and scavenger cartridges, to achieve multi-step synthesis of complex natural products and pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 1EW.
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26
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Öhrngren P, Fardost A, Russo F, Schanche JS, Fagrell M, Larhed M. Evaluation of a Nonresonant Microwave Applicator for Continuous-Flow Chemistry Applications. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op300003b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Per Öhrngren
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala,
Sweden
| | - Ashkan Fardost
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala,
Sweden
| | - Francesco Russo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala,
Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Fagrell
- WaveCraft AB, Bergsbrunnagatan 11, SE 753 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Larhed
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala,
Sweden
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27
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Gising J, Odell LR, Larhed M. Microwave-assisted synthesis of small molecules targeting the infectious diseases tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria and hepatitis C. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:2713-29. [PMID: 22227602 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob06833h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of microwave in situ heating offer unparalleled opportunities for medicinal chemists to speed up lead optimisation processes in early drug discovery. The technology is ideal for small-scale discovery chemistry because it allows full reaction control, short reaction times, high safety and rapid feedback. To illustrate these advantages, we herein describe applications and approaches in the synthesis of small molecules to combat four of the most prevalent infectious diseases; tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria and hepatitis C, using dedicated microwave instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Gising
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Benaskar F, Ben-Abdelmoumen A, Patil NG, Rebrov EV, Meuldijk J, Hulshof LA, Hessel V, Krtschil U, Schouten JC. Cost Analysis for a Continuously Operated Fine Chemicals Production Plant at 10 Kg/Day Using a Combination of Microprocessing and Microwave Heating. J Flow Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/jfchem.2011.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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The Microwave-to-Flow Paradigm: Translating High-Temperature Batch Microwave Chemistry to Scalable Continuous-Flow Processes. Chemistry 2011; 17:11956-68. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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